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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484" ID-PMC="PMC6062585" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-104-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF8ABC62FF83D2362B47F826FFDCFF8A" ID-PubMed="30057479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1322211" ModsDocID="1314-2003-104-1" checkinTime="1532073916449" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco O. O." docDate="2018" docId="758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 104: 1-97" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 104" docPubDate="2018-07-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484" docTitle="Tradescantia tenella Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 83. 1843." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FF8ABC62FF83D2362B47F826FFDCFF8A" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FF8ABC62FF83D2362B47F826FFDCFF8A" masterDocTitle="Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1668138981284" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8783-1362</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">marcooctavio.pellegrini@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-07-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>104</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>97</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-104-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF8ABC62FF83D2362B47F826FFDCFF8A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1322211</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="146639851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
11.
<taxonomicName LSID="758AA4E4-15C1-8FE6-CF11-184EA9283C24" authority="Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 83. 1843." authorityName="Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 83. 1843." class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">Tradescantia tenella Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 83. 1843.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 28</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution of Tradescantia tenella Kunth. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217966" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">, 29</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" form="tenella" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia fluminensis subsp. f." order="Commelinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="fluminensis" subSpecies="f.">Tradescantia fluminensis f. tenella</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Voss in Siebert and Voss, Vilm.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Blumengärtn">Blumengaertn</normalizedToken>
. ed. 3 1: 1143. 1895.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia fluminensis subsp. var. var. tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="fluminensis" subSpecies="var." variety="tenella">Tradescantia fluminensis var. tenella</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) C.B.Clarke in De Candolle &amp; De Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 3: 295. 1881. Holotype. URUGUAY. Montevideo, fl., fr., Dec 1836, F. Sellow d2290 (B barcode B100247280!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia anagallidea" order="Commelinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anagallidea">Tradescantia anagallidea</taxonomicName>
Seub. in Martius, Fl. bras. 3(1): 249. 1871. Lectotype (designated here). BRAZIL. s.loc., fl., fr., s.dat., F. Sellow 2801-67 (B barcode B100247281!; isolectotypes: IPA no. 54001!, MO barcode MO3020446!).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Herbs</emphasis>
ca. 5-50 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Stems</emphasis>
erect, succulent, densely branched to fruticose; internodes 1.5-9.2 cm long at base, distally shorter, light to medium green to vinaceous, glabrous, sometimes glandular-pubescent or sparsely hirsute or a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs in the terminal portion of the stems.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leaves</emphasis>
distichously-alternate, sessile to subpetiolate; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.3-1.3 cm long, light to medium green, glabrous to hirsute, margin densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; petiole 0.2-2.4 cm long to indistinct; blades (0.5-0.9-)1.2-14.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-3.6 cm, ovate to broadly ovate, rarely elliptic to lanceolate, flat, membranous to chartaceous, glabrous to sparsely hirsute on both sides, adaxially light to medium to dark green, sometimes with a vinaceous stripe along the midvein, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning olive-green to greyish-green when dry, base cordate to obtuse, rarely cuneate, margins green, ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially conspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Synflorescences</emphasis>
terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Inflorescences (main florescences)</emphasis>
consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.9-5.3(-9.3) cm long, light to medium to dark green or vinaceous, glabrous, sometimes glandular-pubescent or sparsely hirsute, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs; cincinni bracts 0.4-8.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-3.1 cm, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate, leaf-like, glabrous to sparsely hirsute, light to medium to dark green, sometimes with a vinaceous stripe along the midvein, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute; double cincinni (4-)8-14-flowered.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Flowers</emphasis>
0.4-1.0 cm diam., pedicels 0.4-1.7 cm long, green to vinaceous, sparsely glandular-pubescent to glandular-pubescent; floral buds ovoid; sepals 3-6.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.8-2.5 mm, dorsally keeled, green, sparsely glandular-pubescent to glandular-pubescent, rarely glabrous, hairs hyaline; petals 3.5-6.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-5.1 mm, white to white with pink apex to light pink to pink; filaments 3.8-4.1 mm long, anthers 0.9-1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2-1.8 mm; ovary 1.6-1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.1-1.4 cm, style 3.5-3.8 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Capsules</emphasis>
2.6-4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.2-2.5 cm.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Seeds</emphasis>
0.9-1.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.9-1.5 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, rugose; hilum shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="specimens seen">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Specimens seen.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires</emphasis>
: Isla
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 21 Oct 1992, J. Hurrell et al. 1244 (LP, MBM); Reserva Natural y Sitio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Histórico">Historico</normalizedToken>
Isla
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, fl., 30 Oct 2004, S. Torres Robles et al. 1987 (LP, US).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Corrientes</emphasis>
: s.loc., fl., fr., s.dat., A.J.A. Bonpland s.n. (P barcode P02173872); Capital, Corrientes,
<normalizedToken originalValue="invernáculo">invernaculo</normalizedToken>
del Instituto de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Botánica">Botanica</normalizedToken>
del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, fl., fr., 10 Sep 2002, G. Seijo 2889 (CTES); Estancia, Santa Teresa, fr., 22 Oct 1949, T.M. Pedersen 440 (C, K, U, US); San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
, Tres Cerros, Co.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Capará">Capara</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 15 Sep 1979, A. Schinini et al. 18456 (CORD, CTES); Sauce, 25 km SW de Sauce, ruta 126, fl., fr., 20 Oct 1977, O. Ahumada et al. 1174 (CTES).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chaco</emphasis>
: Colonia
<normalizedToken originalValue="Benítez">Benitez</normalizedToken>
, fl., 18 Sep 1942, A. Schinini 3539 (CORD, CTES).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Misiones</emphasis>
: Apostoles, San
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 14 Oct 1978, S.A. Renvoize 3090 (CORD, K, P, U, US, WAG);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cainguás">Cainguas</normalizedToken>
, Salto del Tabay, fl., 12 Oct 1975, E.M. Zardini et al. 789b (LP, MO); Salto Golondrina, sobre Arroyo Guiray, fl., 8 Nov 2000, M.E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Múlgura">Mulgura</normalizedToken>
et al. 2447 (CORD, SI); Candelaria, Santa Ana, fl., fr., 25 Nov 1945, J.E. Montes 1127 (K, LIL); Profundidad, fl., 19 Sep 1974, A. Krapovickas et al. 25712 (CORD, CTES);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
, Puerto Istueta, fl., 27 Sep 1950, J.E. Montes 10201 (CORD, CTES, LIL); Parque Nacional do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
, Sendero frente a Isla San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 10 Aug 1995, R. Vanni et al. 4221 (CORD, CTES);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Oberá">Obera</normalizedToken>
, Salto Teodoro Cuenca, fl., 23 Sep 2000, M.E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Múlgura">Mulgura</normalizedToken>
et al. 2282 (CORD, SI);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguazú">Iguazu</normalizedToken>
, fl., Sep 1900, G.E. Gerling s.n. (BA no. 16402); San Ignacio, San Ignacio, 3 a 5 km camino a
<normalizedToken originalValue="Teyucuaré">Teyucuare</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 8 Nov 1913, M.N. Correa et al. 5371 (BAB, CTES, SI); San Pedro,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moconá">Mocona</normalizedToken>
, Prefectura Nacional
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pepirí">Pepiri</normalizedToken>
Mini, fl., 13 Oct 2003, D. Hojsgaard 307 (CTES, MNES).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Santa Fe</emphasis>
: Vera, campo de pruebas, FUNDAPAZ, fl., 11 Nov 2003, G. Marino 1906 (BA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
a La Gallareta, fl., 8 Jan 1997, J.F. Pensiero et al. 5215 (BA).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
BRAZIL.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Curitiba, Vila Nova, fl., fr., 21 Nov 1972, P. Occhioni 5238 (RFA); Foz do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
, fl., s.dat., J.G. Kuhlmann s.n. (RB no. 166655); fl., 7 Nov 1969, L.T. Dombrowski 2964 (MBM, US); Parque Nacional do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
, Cataratas do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
, fl., 27 Sep 1967, O. Boelcke 13449 (CORD, CTES); fl., 27 Sep 1967, A. Krapovickas 13373 (CTES); fl., 12 Aug 1969, G. Hatschbach 23166 (MBM, US); fl., 21 Aug 1985, G. Hatschbach &amp; A.C. Cervi 49559 (MBM, UB, US); margem do Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
, abaixo das
<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">cataratas</pageBreakToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
a
<normalizedToken originalValue="administração">administracao</normalizedToken>
do parque, fl., fr., 8 Oct 2012, R.C. Forzza et al. 7379 (RB, UPCB); Mangueirinha, Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iguaçú">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
, Porto Fanor, fl., 20 Oct 1966, G. Hatschbach 15172 (MBM, NY, P, US, WAG); Morretes, Parque Estadual Pico do Marumbi, trilha de acesso ao Morro do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcãozinho">Falcaozinho</normalizedToken>
, fl., 19 Sep 1999, C. Kozera 1216 (UPCB); Guarapuava,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Águas">Aguas</normalizedToken>
Santa Clara, fl., 1 Oct 1986, G. Hatschbach 50570 (MBM, US); Rio do Cedro, fl., 19 Oct 1967, G. Hatschbach 17490 (MBM, US); Morretes, Cadeado, fl., 14 Sep 1966, G. Hatschbach &amp; A.O.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guimarães">Guimaraes</normalizedToken>
14721 (MBM, US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paranaguá">Paranagua</normalizedToken>
, Porto Dom Pedro II, fl., fr., 26 Feb 1911, P.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dusén">Dusen</normalizedToken>
(NY, S);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
dos Pinhais, Serra dos Castelhanos, fl., 6 Nov 2004, A. Dunaiski Jr. 2595 (MBM); Serra do Mar, Desvio Ypiranga ad viam ferream, fl., fr., 23 Aug 1914, G. Jansson 885a (NY, S);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Telêmaco">Telemaco</normalizedToken>
Borba, Fazenda Monte Alegre, beira do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
Varanal, ponto 2, fl., 14 Oct 2004, T.I.N. Azevedo 6 (FUEL); fl., fr., 28 Aug 2006, T.I.N. Azevedo &amp; S.I. Azevedo 400 (FUEL); fl., fr., 29 Aug 2006, T.I.N. Azevedo &amp; S.I. Azevedo 433 (FUEL); margem da nascente do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
Varanal, fl., fr., 11 Nov 2005, T.I.N. Azevedo et al. 284 (FUEL); ponto
<normalizedToken originalValue="médio">medio</normalizedToken>
do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
Varanal, fl., fr., 14 Oct 2004, T.I.N. Azevedo 7 (FUEL); fl., fr., 19 Jul 2005, T.I.N. Azevedo &amp; J. Carneiro 151 (FUEL); fl., fr., 10 Nov 2005, T.I.N. Azevedo et al. 240 (FUEL); fl., 10 Nov 2015, T.I.N. Azevedo et al. 256 (FUEL).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
: Bom Jesus, Fazenda Bom Jardim, fl., 15 Nov 2003, R.A. Wasum &amp; J. Bordin 2051 (HUCS, US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caçapava">Cacapava</normalizedToken>
do Sul, Guaritas, fl., fr., Sep 1985, M. Sobral &amp; C. Grabauska 4291 (ICN, K); fl., fr., Sep 1985, M. Sobral &amp; C. Grabauska 4295 (ICN, K);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Camaquã">Camaqua</normalizedToken>
, rodovia Dom Feliciano, fl., Nov 1978, J. Mattos et al. 19979 (HAS);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cambará">Cambara</normalizedToken>
do Sul, nos arredores de Ouro Verde, fl., Dec 1977, O.R. Camargo 5546 (HAS); Capivari do Sul,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Águas">Aguas</normalizedToken>
Belas, fl., Oct 1989, V.F. Nunes &amp; G. Rudh 495 (HAS); Charqueadas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Capão">Capao</normalizedToken>
da
<normalizedToken originalValue="Roça">Roca</normalizedToken>
, fl., Sep 1986, J. Mattos &amp; N. Mattos 30155 (HAS); Flores da Cunha, fl., 30 Oct 1999, L. Scur 102 (HUCS);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Galópolis">Galopolis</normalizedToken>
, Arroio Pinhal, fr., 29 Nov 1997, S. Diesel &amp; E. Chavez 1039 (US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guaíba">Guaiba</normalizedToken>
, Fazenda
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Maximiano, fl., 4 Oct 2009, N.I. Matzenbacher 3047 (ICN);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maquiné">Maquine</normalizedToken>
, Reserva
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
da Serra Geral, Linha
<normalizedToken originalValue="Solidão">Solidao</normalizedToken>
, trilha da casa do Sr. Lidorino, fl., Nov 2004, R. Schmidt 714 (HAS); Montenegro, Linha Campestre, fl., fr., 14 Nov 1948, A. Sehnem 3527 (PACA); fl., fr., 18 Oct 1950, A. Sehnem 4956 (CORD, FLOR, INPA, HBR, PACA, PEL, SI, UNOP); Polo
<normalizedToken originalValue="Petroquímico">Petroquimico</normalizedToken>
, fr., Oct 1977, I. Ungaretti 758 (HAS);
<normalizedToken originalValue="sub-região">sub-regiao</normalizedToken>
C, fl., Nov 1977, T. Buselato 113 (HAS);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Osório">Osorio</normalizedToken>
, Terra de Areia, km 79, fl., Sep 1986, M. Bassan et al. 507 (HAS); Porto Alegre, Campo Novo, fl., fr., 14 Oct 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini &amp; F. Santos-Silva 449 (RB); Morro das Abertas, fl., fr., 30 Sep 1949, B. Rambo 43678 (HBR, K, PACA); Morro Santana, fl., fr., 5 Oct 1949, B. Rambo 43767 (HBR, PACA, US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Francisco de Paula, RS-235, fl., 7 Nov 1999, R.A. Wasum 250 (HUCS, L, MBM); Reserva
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
do Lami, fl., Sep 2003, A.S. Mello &amp; D. Fuhro s.n. (HAS no. 45476);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Leopoldo, arredores de
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Leopoldo, fl., Sep 1941, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eugênio">Eugenio</normalizedToken>
439 (NY); Torres, Arroio do Sal, fl., Sep 1985, N. Silveira et al. 3521 (HAS); Estiva, km 48 da estrada para Cidreira, fl., 22 Sep 1972, B. Irgang &amp; L. Baptista 10224 (CORD, CTES, ICN);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itapuã">Itapua</normalizedToken>
, Granja Neugebauer, fl., fr., 11 Oct 1950, B. Rambo 48926 (HBR, PACA); fl., Oct 1984, N. Silveira et al. 2059 (HAS); fl., 8 Sep 1985, D.B. Falkenberg 3108 (FLOR, RB); Morro da Pedreira, fl., Oct 1979, O. Bueno 1847 (HAS); Vale do Sol, Morro do Es
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">pelho</pageBreakToken>
, Spielgerberg, fl., fr., 27 Oct 1992, J.L. Waechter 2529 (ICN, PEL).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Santa Catarina</emphasis>
: s.loc., fl., fr., s.dat., D.
<normalizedToken originalValue="DUrville">D'Urville</normalizedToken>
s.n. (P barcode P02173875); Abelardo Luz, 4 km N of Abelardo Luz, fl., fr., 23 Oct 1964, L.B. Smith &amp; R. Reitz 12878 (FLOR, HBR, P, R, US); Blumenau, Morro do Sapo, Parque Nacional Serra do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itajaí">Itajai</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 21 Jan 2013, L.A. Funez et al. 1610 (FURB); Bom Retiro, Fazenda Campo dos Padres, fl., fr., 17-19 Nov 1956, L.B. Smith &amp; R. Klein 7726 (HBR, NY, P, R, RB, US); Fazenda Santo
<normalizedToken originalValue="Antônio">Antonio</normalizedToken>
, Campo dos Padres, fl., fr., 23 Jan 1957, L.B. Smith &amp; R. Reitz 10356 (HBR, P, US);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caçador">Cacador</normalizedToken>
, Pinheiral, fl., fr., 24 Nov 1956, L.B. Smith &amp; R.M. Klein 7912 (HBR, P, R, NY, US); fl., fr., 21 Dec 1956, L.B. Smith &amp; R. Reitz 8964 (HBR, R, US); Campo Novo, acesso alternativo ao Campo dos Padres, fl., fr., 12 Nov 2011, A.L. Gasper et al. 2916 (FURB, HURB); Cerro Negro, margem do Rio Tijolos, fl., fr., 22 Mar 2007, C.R. Grippa 33 (FURB);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grão">Grao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
, Serra do Corvo Branco, fl., 4 Oct 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini et al. 435 (RB); Itapema,
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulinho, fl., 23 Sep 2009, A.S. Mello et al. 472 (FLOR); Itapiranga, near Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peperi-Guaçu">Peperi-Guacu</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 17 Oct 1964, L.B. Smith &amp; R. Reitz 12677 (HBR, NY, P, US); Joinville, estrada Dona Francisca, fl., fr., 4 Oct 1957, R. Reitz &amp; R.M. Klein 4997 (HBR, US); Lauro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
, Serra Rio do Rastro, fl., 14 Jan 1959, R. Reitz &amp; R.M. Klein 8219 (HBR); Nova Trento, Rio Veado, fl., fr., 29 Sep 2010, A. Korte &amp; A. Kniess 4496 (FURB, RB); Presidente Nereu,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Braço">Braco</normalizedToken>
Thieme, fl., fr., 15 Oct 2009, A. Korte &amp; A. Kniess 433 (FURB, HURB);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Bento do Sul, Rio Natal, linha
<normalizedToken originalValue="férrea">ferrea</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
ao CEPA Rugendas, fl., fr., 28 Sep 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini &amp; P. Schwirkowski 424 (RB); fl., fr., 30 Aug 2015, P. Schwirkowski 1204 (FURB); Serra Alta, Ponte do Rio Banhados, fl., P. Schwirkowski 197 (MBM);
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Joaquim, fl., Oct 1961, J. Mattos s.n. (HAS no. 67802); Morro da Igreja, Campestre de Malacara, fl., Jan 1960, J. Mattos 7465 (HAS);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Timbó">Timbo</normalizedToken>
, Parque
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológico">Ecologico</normalizedToken>
Freymund Germer, Morro Azul, fl., fr., 23 Aug 2012, L.A. Funez 775 (FURB, HUCS); fl., fr., 2 Oct 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini et al. 431 (RB); Urubici, Avencal,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Véu">Veu</normalizedToken>
da Noiva, fl., fr., 15 Jan 2013, L.A. Funez &amp; A.E. Zermiani 1400 (FURB, HUCS); fl., 5 Oct 2014, M.O.O. Pellegrini et al. 442 (RB); Morro da Igreja, fl., 4 Dec 1992, D.B. Falkenberg &amp; F.A. Silva Filho 5859 (FLOR, RB).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
PARAGUAY. Alto
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: In regione fluminis, fl., 1909-1910, K. Fiebrig 5470 (SI).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guairá">Guaira</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Cordillera de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ybytyruzú">Ybytyruzu</normalizedToken>
, Ladero W del Cerro de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peró">Pero</normalizedToken>
, 2 km E del Destacamento Tororo, fl., fr., 12 Nov 1988, E.M. Zardini 8010 (FCQ, K, MO).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">URUGUAY. Lavalleja</emphasis>
: Cerro Arequita, fl., fr., 11 Oct 1970, H.A. Fabris &amp; F.O. Zuloaga 7870 (LP); Penitente, fl., fr., 5 Nov 1933, W.G.H. Herter 1132a (U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Montevideo</emphasis>
: s.loc., fl., fr., 1856, A. Courbon s.n. (P barcode P02173871); Bois de Santa Lucia, fl., 1 Nov 1969, M. Fruchard 930 (K, P); fl., fr., 1 Nov 1974, M. Fruchard s.n. (P barcodes P02174018, P02174023); fl., Mar 1976, M. Fruchard s.n. (P barcode P02174019, P02174022); Sierra de Animas, E of Montevideo, fl., 22 Nov 1981, L.R. Landrum, 3857 (US).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Negro
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yapeyú">Yapeyu</normalizedToken>
, Paso
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yapeyú">Yapeyu</normalizedToken>
, fl., fr., 15 Jun 1914, M.B. Berro 6061 (K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tacuarembó">Tacuarembo</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: s.loc., fl., s.dat., W.G.F. Herter 1132 (BA, SI); Gruta de los Helechos, fl., fr., 28 Sep 1928, W.G.F. Herter 19 (SI).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to occur in Argentina, Brazil (states of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution of Tradescantia tenella Kunth. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217966" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">29</figureCitation>
). It can be found
<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">growing</pageBreakToken>
understorey in shaded and moist forests, between rocks near waterfalls and in clay ravines, as terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphyte.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">It was found in bloom and fruit from August to January but peaking during October.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
The epithet &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">tenella</emphasis>
&quot; means
<normalizedToken originalValue="“delicate”">&quot;delicate&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="“small”">&quot;small&quot;</normalizedToken>
, probably making reference to its delicate appearance and also to the small portion available to Kunth when describing the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a wide EOO (ca. 791,707.235 km2), and generally forming dense subpopulations. Thus, following the IUCN recommendations (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B25" refString="IUCN, 2001. The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge. http://www.iucnredlist.org/" title="The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
), it should be considered Least Concern (LC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<pageBreakToken pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">Comments</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the most peculiar species from the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. It possesses a definite base, erect and succulent stems (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28A</figureCitation>
) and flowers that range from white to pink (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28H, I</figureCitation>
), which are characters more commonly observed in species belonging to the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. Nonetheless, it possesses involute ptyxis, subpetiolate leaves (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28E</figureCitation>
), saccate cincinni bracts (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28F, H, I</figureCitation>
), style as long as the stamens (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28H, I</figureCitation>
), seeds not cleft towards the embryotega and hilum shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Tradescantia tenella Kunth. A habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems B detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin C detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum D adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein E abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration F detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts G flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals H-I flowers H white petalled flower I light pink petaled flower J dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">28J</figureCitation>
). These characters undoubtedly place
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species (i.e.
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. atlantica" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="atlantica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. atlantica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tucumanensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="11 - 72" refId="B37" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae. PhytoKeys 89: 11 - 72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" title="Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" volume="89" year="2017">Pellegrini 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Due to its peculiar morphology,
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be confused with species belonging to the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be confused with
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. crassula" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="crassula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. crassula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, due to their delicate habit, definite base, erect and succulent stems, unequal cincinni bracts and pink flowers. Nonetheless, it can be differentiated by its generally densely branched to fruticose stems (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
little branched, branching at the base or rarely branching at the upper half in
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. seubertiana" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="seubertiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. seubertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), subpetiolate leaves with impressed secondary veins (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
sessile with inconspicuous secondary veins), blades generally sparsely hirsute to hirsute with ciliolate margins (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
always glabrous with glabrous margins), saccate cincinni bracts (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
not saccate), pistil as long as the stamens (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
longer than the stamens), seeds with testa rugose and not cleft towards the embryotega (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
costate and cleft) and hilum shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
longer than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed). In the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group,
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be confused with
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. mundula" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="mundula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. mundula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to their generally reduced stature, subpetiolate leaves and blades generally abaxially vinaceous. However, it can be easily differentiated due to its definite base (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
indefinite in
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. mundula" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="mundula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. mundula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), erect stems (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
prostrate), leaf-blades generally sparsely hirsute to hirsute (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
sparsely strigose to strigose), unequal cincinni bracts (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
equal), sepals glandular pubescent (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
velutine), petals ranging from white to pink (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
always white), seeds with rugose testa (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
costate) and hilum shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">vs.</emphasis>
equal to
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed).
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unquestionably morphologically closely related to
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. atlantica" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="atlantica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. atlantica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tucumanensis" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tucumanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, forming the
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. tenella" order="Liliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. The species in this complex share the definite base, erect stems, chartaceous leaf-blades, flowers that range from white to pink, seeds with rugose testa and hilum always shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seeds (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="11 - 72" refId="B37" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae. PhytoKeys 89: 11 - 72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" title="Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" volume="89" year="2017">Pellegrini 2017</bibRefCitation>
), being differentiated by stem consistency, the presence of a subpetiole, type and distribution of hairs in the sepals and petal morphology (see identification key).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1322267" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217965" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figure 28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A</emphasis>
habit, showing the definite base and fruticose and erect stems
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
detail of the stem and leaf-sheath, showing the leaf-opposed line of uniseriate hairs and the setose leaf-sheath margin
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
detail of the adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the hirsute indumentum
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">D</emphasis>
adaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the impressed secondary veins and the vinaceous stripe along the midvein
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">E</emphasis>
abaxial side of the leaf-blade, showing the subpetiole and the vinaceous colouration
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">F</emphasis>
detail of the inflorescence, showing the saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G</emphasis>
flower at post-anthesis showing the glandular-pubescent indumentum and the dorsal keels of the sepals
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H-I</emphasis>
flowers
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H</emphasis>
white petalled flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">I</emphasis>
light pink petaled flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">J</emphasis>
dorsal and ventral views of the seed, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum shorter than
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the seed. Photos by M.O.O. Pellegrini.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1322269" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/217966" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figure 29.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia tenella" order="Commelinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tradescantia tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth. Orange- Cerrado; Yellow- Chaco and Pantanal; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>