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<document id="5B6BD64F46718302AE6D6C39DC9CBDFA" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.133914" ID-ZooBank="A30F4FFF-547A-4323-80C0-771663DF6FB7" ID-publisher-id="133914" URI-arpha="66B94E5B-EC0A-579D-B7ED-F85ED4A51F96" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/A30F4FFF-547A-4323-80C0-771663DF6FB7" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1730736172305" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Abbassi, Nasrollah, Salehi Tinooni, Mohammad, Ghorbani Dehnavi, Mahdi, Shakeri, Safoora &amp; Eshaghi, Ali" docDate="2024" docId="675B84EE292C533C94EA6FB02071ADAC" docLanguage="en" docName="Fossil Record 27(2): 265-287" docOrigin="Fossil Record 27 (2)" docSource="https://fr.pensoft.net/article/133914/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Zanclonychopus Sarjeant &amp; Langston 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="287" masterDocId="66B94E5BEC0A579DB7EDF85ED4A51F96" masterDocTitle="Oligocene vertebrate footprints from the Lower Red Formation, Central Iran" masterLastPageNumber="287" masterPageNumber="265" pageNumber="265" updateTime="1730752961050" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="DD0A7E226426841239BB81ADD3AFCA92">Oligocene vertebrate footprints from the Lower Red Formation, Central Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF788A20C683E3DB7FD172518D5FC4A4">Abbassi, Nasrollah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F015354A19B87BB47987648739156CF">Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371 - 38971, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3F9788298510B0A781EA2AB40809230C">Salehi Tinooni, Mohammad</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="383911193C3DD93865C1A2064BBB00D0">Geological Survey of Iran, South-East Territory (Kerman), No. 10, Bastani-ye Parizi Blvd. Kerman, 76157 - 36841, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4D6DCC3C534690A3E55BEC8116E011B2">Ghorbani Dehnavi, Mahdi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AEEF43E7F0552DACF68BF24925990644">Geological Survey of Iran, South-East Territory (Kerman), No. 10, Bastani-ye Parizi Blvd. Kerman, 76157 - 36841, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7DFD2C845B9F41592A7AF1771AA67DBB">Shakeri, Safoora</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="013A20E703429114618B078274A00844">Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371 - 38971, Iran &amp; Research Affairs Office, Faculty of Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371 - 38971, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AED9B7B7C6B011223E5585B5DD67AF69">Eshaghi, Ali</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2461F43F78289D794A9690F938F6DD6F">Research Affairs Office, Faculty of Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371 - 38971, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="5A8149D84973B2B8464163EB2261BE96">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="675B84EE292C533C94EA6FB02071ADAC" ID-arpha="675B84EE-292C-533C-94EA-6FB02071ADAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:675B84EE292C533C94EA6FB02071ADAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/675B84EE292C533C94EA6FB02071ADAC">
<subSubSection id="38FB0E0611CCC845469FC5C6600CDB83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2DB909EDCDC25FC0B504C44254B9EF2E">
<heading id="0EFADCE57988B77529735F262D74B55A" reason="label">Ichnogenus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="40CCFEF1F61C23F4FC5B8E870A42EA78" authority="Sarjeant &amp; Langston, 1994" authorityName="Sarjeant &amp; Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyaenodonta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="066C7CE394D526C2ABE004D4C17E8A37" italics="true">Zanclonychopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D0235F84DC8FDB8DF486A2F811711C94" author="Sarjeant WAS &amp; Langston WJ" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36" refId="B87" refString="Sarjeant WAS, Langston WJ (1994) Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36, 86 pp." title="Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas." year="1994">Sarjeant &amp; Langston, 1994</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1PBI" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="0419151CF19A8E2CB151CEABED725CAF">
<heading id="5C7010CF9ED73B79AC1483B1DF1867A5" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="4CD762CA3EE5AE1B2E1BA5D7A3AEF555">Type</typeStatus>
ichnospecies.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA640DB3DF97D56EAED2F24976B063CF">
<taxonomicName id="E52F8EF938F737661E62699727FC9881" authority="Sarjeant and Langston (1994)" authorityName="Sarjeant and Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" rank="species" species="cinicalcator">
<emphasis id="440B23C814884579C7CE4A5CD83FA0C6" italics="true">Zanclonychopus cinicalcator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DB004D2BEC8BBFACC2EED9E2658C8A6F" author="Sarjeant WAS &amp; Langston WJ" firstAuthor="Sarjeant" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36" refId="B87" refString="Sarjeant WAS, Langston WJ (1994) Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36, 86 pp." title="Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas." year="1994">Sarjeant and Langston (1994)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPQBI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F97FC0EC9EC8C8FF07C43E63C33B3C73">
<heading id="108E51AC9056BB31FD96B5178B442051" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA4B75B74622FCDA052D0B9DD796899A">
Plantigrade footprints, with manus and pes of similar size and with all digits strongly clawed. Digits
<collectionCode id="CE491E757E58C741C7A0F8186822BB73">II</collectionCode>
to
<collectionCode id="09F391F01403BAF90A033ED21CAD8800">IV</collectionCode>
most deeply impressed and forming, with palm or sole, an approximately oval shape (more marked in the pes); digit I set off to one side and impressed lightly or not at all. Tips and claws of inner digits curving outward, of outer digits curving inward. Inner phalangeal pads of pes fused; those of manus free.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUQBI" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F889BF417112FF28D4D2533DA3F5798D">
<heading id="28E5F37C57E68543FE81518596FF8F69" reason="title">Discussion.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EF933D3E6C514589366FA1013602FC0">
<bibRefCitation id="BB55295C31657736773AF2BCAE47B60E" author="Sarjeant WAS &amp; Langston WJ" firstAuthor="Sarjeant" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36" refId="B87" refString="Sarjeant WAS, Langston WJ (1994) Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 36, 86 pp." title="Vertebrate footprints and invertebrate traces from the Chadronian (Late Eocene) of Trans-Pecos Texas." year="1994">Sarjeant and Langston (1994)</bibRefCitation>
considered Creodonta as the trackmaker for
<taxonomicName id="A8107751685068B0622BF13CC2A589FF" authorityName="Sarjeant &amp; Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1C97A97CA5C8C10349E123EC07C519E4" italics="true">Zanclonychopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and compared it with American black bear for large footprints. The modern bears have large metatarsal and short metacarpal imprints with one pedal digit and distinctive long claws imprints.
<taxonomicName id="C943CAABC519AB7316FC7A07669126A0" authorityName="Sarjeant &amp; Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="810B9775FC78ADAD389572A5A383217C" italics="true">Zanclonychopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the same sizes in the metatarsal and metacarpal imprints with long two to three pedal imprints. Exactly,
<taxonomicName id="D2E3D661719804A93824DB071A7B21B0" authorityName="Sarjeant &amp; Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5183F91D0D01EFD45965ECA574B75C75" italics="true">Zanclonychopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="5608C1F4BC3ABA1D6276F6F4B50919BB" authority="Diedrich (2011)" authorityName="Diedrich" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" genus="Ursichnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="01CC80C531E52342F46A64BB0F9C31CE" italics="true">Ursichnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0D96269E6882CAE8EE519088EBBD9D09" DOI="10.1080/10420940.2011.552578" author="Diedrich CG" firstAuthor="Diedrich" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ichnos" pagination="9-26" refId="B29" refString="Diedrich CG (2011) An overview of the ichnological and ethological studies in the Cave Bear Den in Urşilor Cave (Western Carpathians, Romania). Ichnos 18 (1): 926. https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2011.552578" title="An overview of the ichnological and ethological studies in the Cave Bear Den in Urşilor Cave (Western Carpathians, Romania)." volume="18" year="2011">Diedrich (2011)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by its position of digit I, shorter digit imprints and absence of claw imprints.
<emphasis id="8E8A6E317936D75986038A26680F3154" italics="true">Hirpexipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F47DD7F212369A036F5065BD5DFF88B6" author="Sarjeant WAS &amp; Reynolds RE &amp; Kissell-Jones MM" editor="Reynolds RE" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sarjeant" journalOrPublisher="California State University Desert Studies Consortium Fullerton" pagination="37-50" refId="B89" refString="Sarjeant WAS, Reynolds RE, Kissell-Jones MM (2002) Fossil creodont and carnivore footprints from California, Nevada, and Wyoming. In: Reynolds RE (Ed.) Between the Basins: Exploring the Western Mojave and Southern Basin and Range Province. California State University Desert Studies Consortium Fullerton, 3750." title="Fossil creodont and carnivore footprints from California, Nevada, and Wyoming." volumeTitle="Between the Basins: Exploring the Western Mojave and Southern Basin and Range Province." year="2002">Sarjeant et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
is known as semidigitigrade to semiplantigrade footprints with all digits long and with sharp claws.
<taxonomicName id="6EADB86D7D45B27C5C3103DCA550AA97" authorityName="Sarjeant &amp; Langston" authorityYear="1994" genus="Zanclonychopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="971D891F703B4A6869477D0C34A9FC9E" italics="true">Zanclonychopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has stocky and shorter digit imprints.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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