547 lines
64 KiB
XML
547 lines
64 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3386E49CD0878B906C0E1E97C75478B1">On the status of Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Cassidinae: Chalepini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AEDE2C241A3958325C79E7DF69B32087">Riley, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07275376CFF39FA3EFCA4FE90" box="[151,848,1413,1439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376CFF39FA3EFCA4FE90" blockId="3.[151,848,1413,1475]" box="[151,848,1413,1439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFF39FA3EFDDAFE90" authority="Schaeffer" authorityName="Schaeffer" box="[151,558,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica" status="species status restored">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFF39FA3EFE44FE90" box="[151,432,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Microrhopala arizonica</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFE16FA3EFDDAFE90" bold="true" box="[440,558,1413,1439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Schaeffer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFD80FA3EFCA4FE90" bold="true" box="[558,848,1413,1439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6E628127275376CFD95FA3EFCA4FE90" box="[571,848,1413,1439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">species status restored</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07275376CFF39FA12FE7FFECC" box="[151,395,1449,1475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376CFF39FA12FE7FFECC" blockId="3.[151,848,1413,1475]" box="[151,395,1449,1475]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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(
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<figureCitation id="779A55FE7275376CFF31FA12FF1CFECC" box="[159,232,1449,1475]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[151,198,1821,1846]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,260,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[154,1434,260,1796]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. Chalepus suturalis Baly, lectotype and labels. Fig. 2. Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, lectotype and labels. Figs 3-8, Pentispa suturalis (Baly), 3) dorsal habitus [Valle de Bravo, México] 4), antenna, 5) vertex of head, 6) elytral apices, 7) fourth tarsomere, lateral, 8) fourth tarsomere, oblique-ventral (arrows indicate tooth). Figs 9-13, Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, 9) dorsal habitus [Carr Canyon, Arizona], 10) antenna, 11) vertex of head, 12) elytral apices, 13) fourth tarsomere, oblique-lateral. Habitus images to scale bar; comparable body-part images to scale, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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, 9–13,
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<figureCitation id="779A55FE7275376CFE94FA12FE74FECC" box="[314,384,1449,1475]" captionStart="MAP 1" captionStartId="1.[151,207,1347,1372]" captionTargetBox="[161,1422,426,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,417,1322]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="MAP 1. Pentispa suturalis (Baly) (▲), Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer (●). Based on specimens examined and localities cited by Baly (1886), Champion (1894) and Weise (1905)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484467" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484467/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Map 1</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07275376CFF39FA56FCCFFD0A" box="[151,827,1516,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376CFF39FA56FCCFFD0A" blockId="3.[151,827,1516,1541]" box="[151,827,1516,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFF39FA56FDA9FD0A" authority="Schaeffer 1906: 252" authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,605,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFF39FA56FE7EFD0A" box="[151,394,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Microrhopala arizonica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7275376CFE3EFA57FDA9FD0A" author="Schaeffer, C. F. A." box="[400,605,1516,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" pagination="221 - 253" refId="ref4760" refString="Schaeffer, C. F. A. (1906) On new and known genera and species of the family Chrysomelidae. Brooklyn Institute Museum Science Bulletin, 1 (9), 221 - 253." type="journal article" year="1906">Schaeffer 1906: 252</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
[
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||
<treatmentCitationLabel id="CF8EF6A07275376CFDC7FA57FCC0FD0A" box="[617,820,1516,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">original description</treatmentCitationLabel>
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]
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07275376CFF39F98FFED9FDA0" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376CFF39F98FFCD1FD42" blockId="3.[151,805,1587,1614]" box="[151,805,1587,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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<materialsCitation id="5FC943267275376CFF39F98FFCD5FD42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2425496275" box="[151,801,1587,1614]" country="United States of America" location="Huachuca Mountains" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="301AF7D97275376CFF39F98FFF3BFD41" box="[151,207,1588,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Type</typeStatus>
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Locality:
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<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7275376CFEECF98FFE8AFD41" box="[322,382,1588,1614]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">USA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="2D6587997275376CFE29F988FDD0FD41" box="[391,548,1587,1614]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Arizona State</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="EA7E1FA07275376CFD81F988FCD5FD42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6708F86D7275376AFF39FA3EFAE5F96C:EA7E1FA07275376CFD81F988FCD5FD42" box="[559,801,1587,1613]" country="United States of America" name="Huachuca Mountains" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" stateProvince="Arizona">Huachuca Mountains</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376CFF39F9C2FED9FDA0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1655,1711]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFF39F9C2FEA4FD9F" ID-CoL="77298" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[151,336,1656,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
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||
<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFF39F9C2FEA4FD9F" box="[151,336,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Pentispa suturalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
: [citations using this name for material from
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<collectingRegion id="2D6587997275376CFCB0F9CCFC84FD9F" box="[798,880,1655,1680]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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apply to this species; see
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<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7275376CFBD4F9CCFAF9FD9F" author="Staines, C. L." box="[1146,1293,1655,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" refId="ref4847" refString="Staines, C. L. (2015) Catalog of the hispines of the world (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Available from: https: // naturalhistory. si. edu / research / entomology / collections-overview / coleoptera / catalog-hispines-world (accessed 20 June 2019)" type="url" year="2015">Staines (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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||
for numerous citations].
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07275376BFF39F966FE44FBF4" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7275376BFF39F966FE44FBF4" blockId="3.[151,1437,1757,2035]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">
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Type material:
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<typeStatus id="301AF7D97275376CFEEBF966FE41FDF8" box="[325,437,1757,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="779A55FE7275376CFE68F966FDF2FDF8" box="[454,518,1757,1783]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[151,198,1821,1846]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,260,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[154,1434,260,1796]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. Chalepus suturalis Baly, lectotype and labels. Fig. 2. Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, lectotype and labels. Figs 3-8, Pentispa suturalis (Baly), 3) dorsal habitus [Valle de Bravo, México] 4), antenna, 5) vertex of head, 6) elytral apices, 7) fourth tarsomere, lateral, 8) fourth tarsomere, oblique-ventral (arrows indicate tooth). Figs 9-13, Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, 9) dorsal habitus [Carr Canyon, Arizona], 10) antenna, 11) vertex of head, 12) elytral apices, 13) fourth tarsomere, oblique-lateral. Habitus images to scale bar; comparable body-part images to scale, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Fig 2</figureCitation>
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) here designated, sex undetermined, labeled “type || Huach Mts. |
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<date id="9B1F6FBB7275376CFAAAF966FAB3FDF8" box="[1284,1351,1757,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" value="2018-06">VI-18</date>
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Ariz. || BROOKLYN | MUSEUM |
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7275376CFE60F8BAFDE2FC14" box="[462,534,1793,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">COLL</collectionCode>
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1929 || [red label]
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7275376CFD4AF8BAFCDEFC14" box="[740,810,1793,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">TYPE</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7275376CFC9EF8BAFC75FC14" box="[816,897,1793,1819]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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| 42330 ||
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<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFC5FF8BAFB79FC14" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1009,1165,1793,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFC5FF8BAFB79FC14" box="[1009,1165,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Microrhopala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
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<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFB30F8B9FAFCFC14" box="[1182,1288,1794,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFB30F8B9FAFCFC14" box="[1182,1288,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">arizonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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| type. Schffr || [red-double-lined-bordered label]
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<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFD85F89EFD6FFC30" authorityName="Uhmann" authorityYear="1930" box="[555,667,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Penthispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFD85F89EFD6FFC30" box="[555,667,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">Penthispa</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
|
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||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87275376CFD1FF89EFCE7FC30" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[689,787,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
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<emphasis id="DDD595697275376CFD1FF89EFCE7FC30" box="[689,787,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">suturalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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| Baly || USNMENT | [matrix barcode] | 0091181”. Conserved in
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7275376CFEA9F8F2FEAFFC6C" box="[263,347,1865,1891]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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, in excellent condition with all appendages intact.
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<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7275376CFC30F8F2FBA8FC6B" author="Schaeffer, C. F. A." box="[926,1116,1865,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" pagination="221 - 253" refId="ref4760" refString="Schaeffer, C. F. A. (1906) On new and known genera and species of the family Chrysomelidae. Brooklyn Institute Museum Science Bulletin, 1 (9), 221 - 253." type="journal article" year="1906">Schaeffer (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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||
did not indicate a type, and since he did not state the number of specimens before him and nothing provided in the work implies that he had more than one specimen, that number cannot be definitively determined.
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<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7275376CFC76F82AFB07FCA4" author="Staines, C. L. & Staines, S. L." box="[984,1267,1937,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref4898" refString="Staines, C. L. & Staines, S. L. (1997) Type specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 585, i-iii + 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.585" type="journal article" year="1997">Staines & Staines (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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||
referenced the specimen cited above as “… a unique
|
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<typeStatus id="301AF7D97275376CFDE4F80EFD58FCC0" box="[586,684,1973,1999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
specimen …” but this is incorrect since Schaeffer did not indicate a “type” nor did he reference a single specimen (
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7275376CFD16F862FD0FFCFC" box="[696,763,2009,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136">ICZN</collectionCode>
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||
Art. 73.1, 73.1.1). This “
|
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<typeStatus id="301AF7D97275376CFBBCF862FB8DFCFC" box="[1042,1145,2009,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="136" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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” reference could be inter- preted as a
|
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<typeStatus id="301AF7D97272376BFEB6FF22FE8BFBBC" box="[280,383,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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fixation by inference (
|
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<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFD2EFF22FD37FBBC" box="[640,707,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
Art. 74.6) if not for the uncertain number of original specimens. To eliminate confusion and fix the application of this name, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="301AF7D97272376BFCEEFF06FC53FBD8" box="[832,935,189,215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is here designated. Repositor(ies) of possible
|
||
<typeStatus id="301AF7D97272376BFF39FF5AFECDFBF4" box="[151,313,225,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07272376BFF69FEBEFB9BFA68" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FEBEFB9BFA68" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF69FEBEFEC0FA10" bold="true" box="[199,308,261,287]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: The important work on the biology and the larval description for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFBE5FEBDFAEEFA10" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1099,1306,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFBE5FEBDFAEEFA10" box="[1099,1306,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFAE5FEBEFECDFA4C" author="Bolt, P. E. & Staines, C. L." pageId="4" pageNumber="137" pagination="215 - 220" refId="ref4148" refString="Bolt, P. E. & Staines, C. L. (1993) Biology and description of immature stages of Pentispa suturalis (Baly) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Baccharis bigelovii (Asteraceae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 47 (2), 215 - 220." type="journal article" year="1993">Bolt & Staines (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
actually applies to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFDBFFE92FCE9FA4C" box="[529,797,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFDBFFE92FCE9FA4C" box="[529,797,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. No specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7272376BFBA5FE92FB95FA4C" box="[1035,1121,297,323]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
were seen during this study, although it must certainly occur there, at least in areas adjacent to southeastern Arizona.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07272376BFF69FECBFCBEF8A8" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FECBFD8BFA83" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" box="[199,639,368,396]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF69FECBFDFDFA84" bold="true" box="[199,521,368,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
(79 total):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FE2EFCBEF8A8" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7272376BFF69FE2EFE87FAA3" box="[199,371,404,431]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF69FE2EFE87FAA3" bold="true" box="[199,371,404,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<subScript id="73254B3E7272376BFF69FE2EFEEDFAA3" attach="left" box="[199,281,405,431]" fontSize="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">UNITED</subScript>
|
||
STATES
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFE2BFE2FFE11FAA0" bold="true" box="[389,485,404,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2D6587997272376BFE2BFE2FFE11FAA0" box="[389,485,404,431]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Cochise Co. near Portal,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFCB7FE2FFC47FAA0" box="[793,947,404,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1970-08-25">VIII-25-1970</date>
|
||
, S. McCleve, sweep net [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFB5BFE2FFAB8FAA0" box="[1269,1356,404,431]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<quantity id="2859E49E7272376BFACEFE2EFA69FAA0" box="[1376,1437,405,431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi.</quantity>
|
||
SW Portal, Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mts., 5000’
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFCA0FE02FC7CFADC" box="[782,904,441,467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="2009-05-29">V-29-2009</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide [5
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFB24FE03FB15FADC" box="[1162,1249,440,467]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<quantity id="2859E49E7272376BFB5CFE02FAD8FADC" box="[1266,1324,441,467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi.</quantity>
|
||
W Portal, Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mts.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFDFCFE67FD41FAF8" box="[594,693,476,503]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="925" value="31.916666">31°55’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFD6CFE67FCC3FAF8" box="[706,823,476,503]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="925" value="-109.25">109°15’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 6700’,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFC3BFE66FBDAFAF8" box="[917,1070,477,503]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1980-08-20">VIII-20-1980</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide [2
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFA95FE67FA66FAF8" box="[1339,1426,476,503]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFE94FDBAFE47F914" box="[314,435,513,539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1980-09-08">IX-8-1980</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide, Selloa [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFCBFFDBBFC9CF914" box="[785,872,512,539]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Southwestern Res. Station, Cave Creek Canyon, Chiricahua Mts.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFEF6FD9FFE4FF930" box="[344,443,548,575]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="925" value="31.883333">31°53’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFE68FD9EFDCEF930" box="[454,570,549,575]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="925" value="-109.2">109°12’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 5350’,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFD3AFD9EFCE2F930" box="[660,790,549,575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1981-07-04">VII-4-1981</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide, Selloa [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFBC7FD9FFB34F930" box="[1129,1216,548,575]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same data, except,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFF39FDF3FEE3F96C" box="[151,279,584,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1981-07-05">VII-5-1981</date>
|
||
[1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFE90FDF3FE61F96C" box="[318,405,584,611]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same data, except
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFDD6FDF2FD0CF96C" box="[632,760,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1981-07-07">VII-7-1981</date>
|
||
[1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFC89FDF3FC8AF96C" box="[807,894,584,611]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFB9DFDF2FB4EF96C" box="[1075,1210,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1984-06-22">VI-22-1984</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFF19FDD7FEFAF988" box="[183,270,620,647]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFE68FDD6FDB9F988" box="[454,589,621,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1984-06-23">VI-23-1984</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide, Selloa [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFC1CFDD7FBFDF988" box="[946,1033,620,647]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFB6FFDD6FAA5F988" box="[1217,1361,621,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1996-07-11">VII-11-1996</date>
|
||
, H. A. Hespenheide [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFEFFFD2BFE5CF9A4" box="[337,424,656,683]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Ash Canyon, Huachuca Mts.,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFCBDFD2AFC6DF9A4" box="[787,921,657,683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1999-09-22">IX-22-1999</date>
|
||
, P. E. Bolt & T. O. Robbins, feeds on leaves
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFF39FD0EFE81F9C0" box="[151,373,693,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bigelovii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF39FD0EFE81F9C0" box="[151,373,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Baccharis bigelovii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[2
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFE0FFD0FFE0CF9C0" box="[417,504,692,719]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Huachuca Mts., Carr Canyon,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFCC1FD0EFC1EF9C0" box="[879,1002,693,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1929-07-24">VII-24, 29</date>
|
||
-1984, D. A. LaRue [7
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFB52FD0FFAB9F9C0" box="[1276,1357,692,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFF56FD62FE77F9FC" box="[248,387,729,755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1983-08-07">VIII-7-1983</date>
|
||
, C. Bellamy [6
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFD96FD63FD7BF9FC" box="[568,655,728,755]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFCEAFD62FC3CF9FC" box="[836,968,729,755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1994-04-28">IV-28-1994</date>
|
||
, T. O. Robbins, host:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB6FFD62FA68F9FC" box="[1217,1436,729,755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bigelovii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB6FFD62FA68F9FC" box="[1217,1436,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Baccharis bigelovii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[10
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFF6DFD47FEEEF818" box="[195,282,764,791]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Carr Canyon, Huachuca Mts.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFD2EFD46FD04F818" box="[640,752,765,791]" degrees="31.446" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="31.446">31.446°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8A952FBC7272376BFD55FD46FC8EF818" box="[763,890,765,791]" degrees="110.284" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" precision="55" value="-110.284">110.284°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFC2BFD46FBE2F818" box="[901,1046,765,791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="2017-07-23">VII-23-2017</date>
|
||
, S. M. Clark, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB7AFD46FEF9F834" authority="A Gray" authorityName="A Gray" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bigelovii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB7AFD46FF47F834" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Baccharis bigelovii</emphasis>
|
||
A Gray
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[32
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFEEDFC9BFE60F834" box="[323,404,800,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Corondo Nat’l. Forest,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFD00FC9AFCC1F834" box="[686,821,801,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1984-06-30">VI-30-1984</date>
|
||
, W. B. Warner [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFBADFC9BFBA0F834" box="[1027,1108,800,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Coronado Nat’l. Memorial, Huachuca Mts.,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFEE0FCFEFE26F850" box="[334,466,837,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1991-04-24">IV-24-1991</date>
|
||
, T. O. Robbins, feeds on leaves
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC96FCFEFBE7F850" box="[824,1043,837,863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bigelovii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC96FCFEFBE7F850" box="[824,1043,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Baccharis bigelovii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFB99FCFFFB7AF850" box="[1079,1166,836,863]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Huachuca Mts., Miller Canyon,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFF53FCD2FE6FF88C" box="[253,411,873,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1968-09-09" valueMax="1968-09-10" valueMin="1968-09-09">IX-9-10-1968</date>
|
||
, Don Roger Harris [3
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFD37FCD3FD1EF88C" box="[665,746,872,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
]; same locality,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFC31FCD2FBECF88C" box="[927,1048,873,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1979-09-08">IX-8-1979</date>
|
||
, S. McCleve [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFB61FCD3FAD2F88C" box="[1231,1318,872,899]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
]; Pelocillo Mts.,
|
||
<quantity id="2859E49E7272376BFF76FC36FED4F8A8" box="[216,288,909,935]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3108352" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mi" value="33.0">33 mi.</quantity>
|
||
E Douglas,
|
||
<date id="9B1F6FBB7272376BFE07FC36FDCEF8A8" box="[425,570,909,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" value="1973-07-17">VII-17-1973</date>
|
||
, S. McCleve [1
|
||
<collectionCode id="89B0D1BE7272376BFD40FC37FCCBF8A8" box="[750,831,908,935]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">EGRC</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A7BB1AF07272376AFF69FC0BFAE5F96C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FC0BFA9CFF54" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF69FC0BFE3BF8C4" bold="true" box="[199,463,944,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Comparative remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: As note above, these two species are similar in general appearance and this led to them being incorrectly synonymized by Wiese (1911a) who may have never seen both species together. They are easily separated by their general habitus (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="779A55FE7272376BFD27FC42FD3AFF1C" box="[649,718,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[151,198,1821,1846]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,260,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[154,1434,260,1796]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. Chalepus suturalis Baly, lectotype and labels. Fig. 2. Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, lectotype and labels. Figs 3-8, Pentispa suturalis (Baly), 3) dorsal habitus [Valle de Bravo, México] 4), antenna, 5) vertex of head, 6) elytral apices, 7) fourth tarsomere, lateral, 8) fourth tarsomere, oblique-ventral (arrows indicate tooth). Figs 9-13, Microrhopala arizonica Schaeffer, 9) dorsal habitus [Carr Canyon, Arizona], 10) antenna, 11) vertex of head, 12) elytral apices, 13) fourth tarsomere, oblique-lateral. Habitus images to scale bar; comparable body-part images to scale, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484469/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, 3 and 2, 4). As is characteristic of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB7AFC42FA84FF1C" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1236,1392,1017,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB7AFC42FA84FF1C" box="[1236,1392,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFAD0FC41FEF5FF38" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFAD0FC41FA61FF1C" box="[1406,1429,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF39FBA5FEF5FF38" box="[151,257,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the elytral apices broadly evenly rounded (Fig. 12), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC4BFBA5FB93FF38" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[997,1127,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC4BFBA5FC02FF38" box="[997,1014,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFBABFBA6FB93FF38" box="[1029,1127,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the elytral apices more abruptly rounded (Fig. 6) resulting in a more cuneiform body shape which is typical of most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB09FBF9FAFDFF54" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[1191,1289,1090,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB09FBF9FAFDFF54" box="[1191,1289,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FBDEFDFAFE3C" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
There is slight color variation in both species. The black median pronotal spot is variably developed in both species, and sometimes absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFE49FB31FD93FFAC" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[487,615,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFE49FB31FE0CFFAC" box="[487,504,1162,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFDABFB32FD93FFAC" box="[517,615,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The small dark humeral spot of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC78FB31FBA2FFAC" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[982,1110,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC78FB31FC13FFAC" box="[982,999,1162,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC5AFB32FBA2FFAC" box="[1012,1110,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is absent in some specimens. The width of the dark sutural vitta in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFDE4FB15FD39FFC8" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[586,717,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFDE4FB15FDAFFFC8" box="[586,603,1198,1223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFDC5FB16FD39FFC8" box="[619,717,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is usually confined to the sutural interval, but in the specimen from Chipinque Mesa,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2D6587997272376BFE35FB6AFDD2FFE4" box="[411,550,1233,1259]" country="Mexico" name="Nuevo Leon" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Nuevo León</collectingRegion>
|
||
it is fairly broad, reaching to the second punctate stria. Body length (excluding antennae) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFE86FB4DFE5DFE00" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[296,425,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFE86FB4DFECDFE00" box="[296,313,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFEE9FB4EFE5DFE00" box="[327,425,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is on average smaller than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC88FB4DFC41FE00" box="[806,949,1269,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC88FB4DFCC9FE00" box="[806,829,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFCE5FB4DFC41FE00" box="[843,949,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="2859E49E7272376BFC6CFB4FFBBDFE00" box="[962,1097,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(ave. 4.0, n=17) verse 3.9–4.7 (ave. 4.4, n=20) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFED6FAA1FDF3FE3C" box="[376,519,1306,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFED6FAA1FDF3FE3C" box="[376,519,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M. arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376BFF69FA86FED3FC7C" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
There are no differences of importance between these species in the sculpture of the vertex (compare Figs 5 and 11), as both species possess a strong median groove with a deep groove to each side, with each of these lateral grooves containing multiple elongate punctures. There are also no differences of importance in the shape and delimitation of the clypeus, both species have the base slightly raised and evenly rounded to its lateral corners that do not project outward. Both species also possess an elytral ground-plan of eight punctate striae on each elytron.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFAE5FA76FF16FD03" author="Staines, C. L." pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refId="ref4798" refString="Staines, C. L. (2006) The hispine beetles of America north of Mexico (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 13. Virginia Museum of Natural History, Martinsville, Virginia, vi + 178 pp." type="book" year="2006">Staines (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his key to genera (p. 6) incorrectly ascribes ten punctate striae to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFBE0FA49FB44FD04" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[1102,1200,1522,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFBE0FA49FB44FD04" box="[1102,1200,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but members of this genus have only eight. The raised elytral costate are slightly different between the two species. While both tend to have intervals II and IV more strongly developed than intervals I and III, the disparity is greater in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFAABF981FA61FD5C" box="[1285,1429,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFAABF981FAE8FD5C" box="[1285,1308,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFA85F981FA61FD5C" box="[1323,1429,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A final difference noted between these species involves the development of the raised tooth-like formation found before the articulation-point of the claws on the ventral surface of last tarsomere. This formation is present and well developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFE9FF91DFE42FDB0" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[305,438,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFE9FF91DFEB6FDB0" box="[305,322,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFEFFF91EFE42FDB0" box="[337,438,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFE18F91EFE4EFDB0" box="[438,442,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">,</emphasis>
|
||
represented by a split, v-shaped structure with the apex of each arm tooth-like (Figs 7- 8, arrows) whereas it is entirely lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFDD3F971FCF9FDEC" box="[637,781,1737,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFDD3F971FD60FDEC" box="[637,660,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFD0DF971FCF9FDEC" box="[675,781,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 13). The absence of this structure in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB5CF971FA76FDEC" box="[1266,1410,1737,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB5CF971FAFDFDEC" box="[1266,1289,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFAB6F971FA76FDEC" box="[1304,1410,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unusual, since a cursory examination of other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFCB7F956FC41FC08" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[793,949,1773,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFCB7F956FC41FC08" box="[793,949,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC6AF955FBD2FC08" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityYear="1875" box="[964,1062,1774,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC6AF955FBD2FC08" box="[964,1062,1774,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and a broad selection of species representing other genera of the Chalepini reveals that it is present in one form or another.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB3EF8AAFA68FC24" box="[1168,1436,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB3EF8AAFA68FC24" box="[1168,1436,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFEBCF88EFE5AFC40" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[274,430,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFEBCF88EFE5AFC40" box="[274,430,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFDA8F88EFD53FC5F" author="Staines, C. L." box="[518,679,1845,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refId="ref4798" refString="Staines, C. L. (2006) The hispine beetles of America north of Mexico (Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 13. Virginia Museum of Natural History, Martinsville, Virginia, vi + 178 pp." type="book" year="2006">Staines (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFD74F88EFC51FC40" author="Riley, E. G. & Clark, S. M. & Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J." box="[730,933,1845,1871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" pagination="617 - 691" refId="ref4593" refString="Riley, E. G., Clark, S. M., Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J. (2002) Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Thomas, M. C., Skelley, P. E. & Frank, J. H. (Eds.), American Beetles, Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. i-xiv + 617 - 691." type="book chapter" year="2002">Riley et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC73F88DFBA8FC40" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[989,1116,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC73F88DFC1AFC40" box="[989,1006,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC54F88EFBA8FC40" box="[1018,1116,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFB73F88DFED7FC7C" authority="in Riley et al. (2002)" authorityName="in Riley" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFB73F88DFACBFC40" box="[1245,1343,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFACEF88EFED7FC7C" author="Riley, E. G. & Clark, S. M. & Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J." pageId="4" pageNumber="137" pagination="617 - 691" refId="ref4593" refString="Riley, E. G., Clark, S. M., Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J. (2002) Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Thomas, M. C., Skelley, P. E. & Frank, J. H. (Eds.), American Beetles, Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. i-xiv + 617 - 691." type="book chapter" year="2002">Riley et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1E497B7272376AFF69F8C7FAE5F96C" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,611]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFF69F8C7FD9DFC98" bold="true" box="[199,617,1916,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Discussion of generic relationships</emphasis>
|
||
: The genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFCAFF8C6FC69FC98" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[769,925,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFCAFF8C6FC69FC98" box="[769,925,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFC76F8C5FBCEFC98" box="[984,1082,1918,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFC76F8C5FBCEFC98" box="[984,1082,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very close and are in need of taxonomic reassessment. Both contain species occurring south of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7272376BFC6CF81AFBADFCB4" box="[962,1113,1953,1979]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
and, in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFA9DF819FA61FCB4" box="[1331,1429,1954,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697272376BFA9DF819FA61FCB4" box="[1331,1429,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="137">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, most species are found there. Both genera use
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87272376BFD09F87EFCD6FCD0" box="[679,802,1989,2015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as larval hosts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFC75F87EFB6AFCD0" author="Clark, S. M. & LeDoux, D. G. & Seeno, T. N. & Riley, E. G. & Gilbert, A. J. & Sullivan, J. M." box="[987,1182,1989,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refId="ref4415" refString="Clark, S. M., LeDoux, D. G., Seeno, T. N., Riley, E. G., Gilbert, A. J. & Sullivan, J. M. (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). The Coleopterists Society Special Publication no. 2. The Coleopterists Society, Sacramento, California, 476 pp." type="book" year="2004">Clark et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7272376BFB04F87EFAC9FCD0" author="Staines, C. L." box="[1194,1341,1988,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="137" refId="ref4847" refString="Staines, C. L. (2015) Catalog of the hispines of the world (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Available from: https: // naturalhistory. si. edu / research / entomology / collections-overview / coleoptera / catalog-hispines-world (accessed 20 June 2019)" type="url" year="2015">Staines 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but ad- ditional host families are recorded for some tropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFD47FF21FC0EFBBC" authority="(Staines 2015)" authorityName="Staines" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[745,1018,152,179]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFD47FF21FCBFFBBC" box="[745,843,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7273376AFCF5FF22FC06FBBC" author="Staines, C. L." box="[859,1010,152,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" refId="ref4847" refString="Staines, C. L. (2015) Catalog of the hispines of the world (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Available from: https: // naturalhistory. si. edu / research / entomology / collections-overview / coleoptera / catalog-hispines-world (accessed 20 June 2019)" type="url" year="2015">Staines 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7273376AFBABFF22FB62FBBC" author="Clark, S. M." box="[1029,1174,153,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" pagination="597 - 618" refId="ref4362" refString="Clark, S. M. (1983) A revision of the genus Microrhopala (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in America north of Mexico. Great Basin Naturalist, 43 (4), 597 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4488" type="journal article" year="1983">Clark (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B30348A7273376AFB60FF22FA68FBBC" author="Riley, E. G. & Clark, S. M. & Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J." box="[1230,1436,153,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" pagination="617 - 691" refId="ref4593" refString="Riley, E. G., Clark, S. M., Flowers, R. W. & Gilbert, A. J. (2002) Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802. In: Arnett, R. H., Thomas, M. C., Skelley, P. E. & Frank, J. H. (Eds.), American Beetles, Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. i-xiv + 617 - 691." type="book chapter" year="2002">Riley et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFEA1FF06FE6AFBD8" box="[271,414,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Mirorhopala</emphasis>
|
||
can be divided into two morphological groups with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFC5CFF06FB7AFBD8" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1010,1166,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFC5CFF06FB7AFBD8" box="[1010,1166,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
proper,
|
||
<typeStatus id="301AF7D97273376AFB43FF06FAE9FBD8" box="[1261,1309,189,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFAD0FF05FF2BFBF4" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFAD0FF05FA61FBD8" box="[1406,1429,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFF39FF59FF2BFBF4" box="[151,223,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">vittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F.), distinct from most other included species which are morphologically close and probably inseparable from some
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFEB7FEBDFE76FA10" box="[281,386,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFEB7FEBDFE8BFA10" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[281,383,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pentispa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFE65FEBDFDD9FA10" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[459,557,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFE65FEBDFDD9FA10" box="[459,557,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFCA1FEBEFC5FFA10" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[783,939,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFCA1FEBEFC5FFA10" box="[783,939,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only by their habitus as noted above for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFAD0FEBDFEF5FA4C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFAD0FEBDFA61FA10" box="[1406,1429,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFF39FE91FEF5FA4C" box="[151,257,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFE98FE91FE43FA4C" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[310,439,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFE98FE91FEB3FA4C" box="[310,327,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFEFBFE92FE43FA4C" box="[341,439,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and by their general body form with tends to be flatter with more sharply defined costate. These generic concepts are perpetuated in the present work, however it should be noted that the slight difference in body form, such as that seen between the two species treated here, hardly seems adequate justification for recognizing two separate genera. Some species assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFD64FE2DFCD8FAA0" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[714,812,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFD64FE2DFCD8FAA0" box="[714,812,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a habitus that is very close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFAAFFE2EFA69FAA0" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1281,1437,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFAAFFE2EFA69FAA0" box="[1281,1437,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while in others it can be strikingly different having the elytral apices broadly foliate, heavily spined or conjointly emarginate at the suture. Some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFE54FE65FDA8FAF8" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[506,604,478,503]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFE54FE65FDA8FAF8" box="[506,604,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a unique clypeal structure that is not present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFB1BFE66FAA5FAF8" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1205,1361,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFB1BFE66FAA5FAF8" box="[1205,1361,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the base is strongly raised, shelf-like, and the lateral corners are angulate and projected. The claw character noted above for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFEA3FD9DFE63F930" baseAuthorityName="Baly" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[269,407,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFEA3FD9DFED0F930" box="[269,292,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFE9BFD9EFE63F930" box="[309,407,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">suturalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is present in the other three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFCF1FD9DFC35F930" baseAuthorityName="Staines" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[863,961,550,575]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pentispa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFCF1FD9DFC35F930" box="[863,961,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Pentispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7273376AFB0FFD9EFACDF930" box="[1185,1337,549,575]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
and this structure, or some form of this structure, is present in the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97B609EB7273376AFCF5FDF2FC05F96C" box="[859,1009,585,611]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28A132F87273376AFBC0FDF2FAFEF96C" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1134,1290,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Microrhopala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDD595697273376AFBC0FDF2FAFEF96C" box="[1134,1290,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="138">Microrhopala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |