402 lines
49 KiB
XML
402 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="28FDFBA240DD7A739CB835C00FE7B6BB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3676599" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81fddc1b-649c-4455-a6da-e6a4ca9c0291" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3676599" ID-ZooBank="9C545611-FC84-414F-A162-74E4CCE63A00" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582199622078" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Martinez, Jose I., Crane, Jonathan H., Wasielewski, Jeff, Miller, Jacqueline Y. & Carrillo, Daniel" docDate="2019" docId="605687A7FFFAFFCFFF0CF55EFEBFFE90" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0739.1-26.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 739 (739)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pyroderces badia" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="9C6FFFDFFFF2FFC6FFCCF405FD27FFA4" masterDocTitle="Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) in south Florida, with some comments on life history and natural control" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698720298811" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3307F7F3F7B94CD008D999EDDC26396D">
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<mods:title id="F168943C5882B0B9829707E857D8FC9E">Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) in south Florida, with some comments on life history and natural control</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EEDB6B1247809A4873F4507B3FD3AAE">Martinez, Jose I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="387A324AF3DD03AFAC5432651ACED4D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="62B2CB84A0CE2CB3A92023DBDB541957">Crane, Jonathan H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2661E56B9B9B80FFAD2EBC4566EF066E">Wasielewski, Jeff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD43488D53429B3CF2946B7FB6B5C556">Miller, Jacqueline Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="685BA624B81911F93BE421A92F370EEE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="94A5C3A1F5ED20AA7FB75D5AAE814F0F">Carrillo, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E1444216660B0B095C47DE8108372346">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="261E9D288DE5C3932235C15E52883723">
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<mods:date id="91000FE25F6BC02462F026E9ADCA4C8D">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C9BC172FC3C3CD8BB845F7BEBAE18A6C">2019-12-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="99AD45ECCBBDF7373BBEA9904C684B52">739</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0DE982293B75DAC5600CD238F6C748C6">739</mods:number>
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<treatment id="605687A7FFFAFFCFFF0CF55EFEBFFE90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681455" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162233504" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681455" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:605687A7FFFAFFCFFF0CF55EFEBFFE90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/605687A7FFFAFFCFFF0CF55EFEBFFE90" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFF5DFED7" box="[192,634,347,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFF5DFED7" blockId="8.[192,634,347,371]" box="[192,634,347,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="B30881DDFFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFF5DFED7" bold="true" box="[192,634,347,371]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFF5DFED7" ID-CoL="947YJ" authority="(Hodges, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[192,634,347,371]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFF5DFED7" bold="true" box="[192,634,347,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF55EFC8BFED7" bold="true" box="[192,428,347,371]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pyroderces badia</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFE70F55EFF56FED7" author="Hodges" box="[444,625,347,371]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref14635" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1962. A revision of the Cosmopterigidae of America north of Mexico, with a definition of Momphidae and Walshiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). Entomologica Americana 42: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1962">Hodges, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCEFF0CF58FFE17FE1A" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF58FFF0FFE05" blockId="8.[192,816,394,447]" box="[192,552,394,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8EF119FFFFAFFCEFF0CF58FFF0FFE05" box="[192,552,394,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF0CF58FFF0FFE05" ID-CoL="6Y2MY" authority="Hodges, 1962" authorityName="Hodges" authorityYear="1962" box="[192,552,394,417]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Sathrobrota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF58FFCABFE3B" box="[192,396,394,415]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Sathrobrota badia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="695E10A0FFFAFFCEFE5FF58EFF0FFE05" author="Hodges" box="[403,552,395,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1962">
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<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFE5FF58EFF0FFE05" author="Hodges" box="[403,552,395,417]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref14635" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1962. A revision of the Cosmopterigidae of America north of Mexico, with a definition of Momphidae and Walshiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). Entomologica Americana 42: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1962">Hodges, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF5ADFE17FE1A" blockId="8.[192,816,394,447]" box="[192,816,424,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8EF119FFFFAFFCEFF0CF5ADFE17FE1A" box="[192,816,424,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF0CF5ADFF73FE1B" authority="(Hodges, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[192,596,424,447]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Anatrachyntis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF5ADFC83FE19" box="[192,420,424,445]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Anatrachyntis badia</emphasis>
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(
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<treatmentCitation id="695E10A0FFFAFFCEFE7FF5ACFF6BFE1B" author="Hodges" box="[435,588,425,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1962">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFE7FF5ACFF6BFE1B" author="Hodges" box="[435,588,425,447]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref14635" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1962. A revision of the Cosmopterigidae of America north of Mexico, with a definition of Momphidae and Walshiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). Entomologica Americana 42: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1962">Hodges, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="695E10A0FFFAFFCEFDA9F5ACFE17FE1A" author="Zimmerman" box="[613,816,425,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" year="1978">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFDA9F5ACFE17FE1A" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[613,816,425,447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref18549" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. 1978. Microlepidoptera. In: Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press; Honolulu. 1903 p." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCEFF24F5DDFC4BFDB5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF24F5DDFC4BFDB5" blockId="8.[192,1440,472,529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF24F5DDFC90FE54" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[232,439,472,496]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF24F5DDFC90FE54" box="[232,439,472,496]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pyroderces badia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described by R.
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<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFD7EF5DDFE78FE54" author="Hodges" box="[690,863,472,496]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref14635" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1962. A revision of the Cosmopterigidae of America north of Mexico, with a definition of Momphidae and Walshiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). Entomologica Americana 42: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1962">Hodges (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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from a specimen from the J. K. Small collection at the USNM.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCEFF0CF62FF924FC6A" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF62FF924FC6A" blockId="8.[192,1440,554,974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF62FFC94FDE6" bold="true" box="[192,435,554,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Description. Egg.</emphasis>
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Very small size; completely silvery white and changing to snowy white before hatching.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFEF6F64EFCB4FDC7" bold="true" box="[314,403,587,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Larva.</emphasis>
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First instar is dark-pink, head and last abdominal segment dark-brown, thorax black with silver band in pronotum; Second to fifth instars similar to first, except color soft pink and length
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<quantity id="2F079B54FFFAFFCEFF0CF688FC76FD00" box="[192,337,653,677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="8.9" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="7.35" valueMax="8.9" valueMin="5.8">5.8–8.9 mm</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="70C42A34FFFAFFCEFEAFF688FC92FD01" box="[355,437,653,677]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="25.[192,275,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[377,1254,213,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[377,1254,213,1785]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 1. Larvae of Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla. A) Dichrorampha sapodilla Heppner. B) Comotia torsicornis Dyar. C) Holcocera crassicornella Dietz. D) Zamagiria laidion (Zeller). E) Electrostrymon angelia (Hewitson). F) Phidotricha erigens Ragonot. G) Banisia myrsusalis Walker. H) Banisia argutula Whalley. I) Pyroderces badia (Hodges). J) Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676601/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1I</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE03F688FF70FD01" bold="true" box="[463,599,653,677]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pre-pupa.</emphasis>
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Similar in size and color to that of last instar but wider and paler.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF6ABFC37FD62" bold="true" box="[192,272,686,710]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pupa.</emphasis>
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Elongate, similar size to last larval instar.
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||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFCD0F6ABFE48FD62" bold="true" box="[796,879,686,710]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Adult.</emphasis>
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Sexually dimorphic, female larger and darker than male.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE82F6CAFCD2FD42" box="[334,501,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Wing expanse</emphasis>
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: males
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||
<quantity id="2F079B54FFFAFFCEFD9AF6CAFFCFFD42" box="[598,744,719,743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.7 mm</quantity>
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, females
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<quantity id="2F079B54FFFAFFCEFC90F6CAFED7FD42" box="[860,1008,719,743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.9">4.9–5.8 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFC30F6CAF970FD43" bold="true" box="[1020,1111,719,743]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Wings.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB93F6CAF837FD43" box="[1119,1296,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Dorsal surface</emphasis>
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: Forewings pale-brown with a series of transverse markings of different color shades ranging from dark-brown to white occasionally overlain with golden-brown or dark-gray scales. Hindwings dark-brown with overlaid with dark-gray or white scales.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD8BF737FE25FCEE" box="[583,770,818,842]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ventral surface</emphasis>
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: Both wings dark-brown with overlaid with dark-gray or white scales.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE47F756FCFCFCCF" bold="true" box="[395,475,851,875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Head.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE28F756FF70FCCE" box="[484,599,851,874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Antennae</emphasis>
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: Filiform; nearly ¾ length of the body.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB86F756F9B0FCCE" box="[1098,1175,851,874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Vertex</emphasis>
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: Brown.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFAC5F757F8BFFCCE" box="[1289,1432,850,874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Mouthparts</emphasis>
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: Labial palpi with second and third segment longer than first; lines with different shades present.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFA9EF771F887FC28" bold="true" box="[1362,1440,884,908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Body.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF791FCE3FC08" box="[192,452,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Thorax and abdomen</emphasis>
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: Generally reddish-brown but sometimes pale-brown or brown blended with gray and dark-brown.
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<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE5FF7B3FCEDFC69" box="[403,458,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Legs</emphasis>
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: Similar to labial palps in coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70C42A34FFFAFFCEFC56F7B3FED1FC6A" box="[922,1014,950,974]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="26.[192,275,1790,1812]" captionTargetBox="[379,1254,213,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[379,1254,213,1756]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 2. Adults of Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla. The unlabeled images in the top half of the figure are to scale, whereas the labeled images in the bottom half of the figure have been resized. A) Dichrorampha sapodilla Heppner. B) Comotia torsicornis Dyar. C) Holcocera crassicornella Dietz. D) Zamagiria laidion (Zeller). E) Pyroderces badia (Hodges). F) Phidotricha erigens Ragonot. G) Banisia myrsusalis Walker. H) Banisia argutula Whalley. I) Electrostrymon angelia (Hewitson). J) Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3676603" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3676603/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCEFF0CF7E3F877FB61" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF7E3F877FB61" blockId="8.[192,1440,998,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF7E3FC54FC5A" bold="true" box="[192,371,998,1022]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFEB6F7E3FF6CFC5A" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[378,587,998,1022]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFEB6F7E3FF6CFC5A" box="[378,587,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pyroderces badia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFCC0F7E2FE6EFC5B" box="[780,841,999,1023]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, mainly in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFC1EF7E2F909FC5B" box="[978,1070,999,1023]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, but has also been reported in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFF0CF00DFC1AFB84" box="[192,317,1032,1056]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFE86F00DFCC6FB84" box="[330,481,1032,1056]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFE23F00DFF49FB84" box="[495,622,1032,1056]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFDB7F00DFFD4FB84" box="[635,755,1032,1056]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFCF8F00DFEAAFB84" box="[820,909,1032,1056]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC52F00DF96FFB84" author="Hodges" box="[926,1096,1032,1056]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref14675" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1978. The moths of America north of Mexico, fasc. 6.1: Gelechioidea: Cosmoptergidae. E. W. Classey Ltd. and the Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; London. ix + 166 p." type="book" year="1978">Hodges, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFB9AF00DF875FB84" author="Adamski, D. & J. W. Brown & H. W. White" box="[1110,1362,1032,1056]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="341 - 346" part="108" refId="ref12318" refString="Adamski, D., J. W. Brown, and H. W. White. 2006. Description of the immature stages of Pyroderces badia (Hodges) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), with a new host record from Louisiana. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108: 341 - 346." title="Description of the immature stages of Pyroderces badia (Hodges) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), with a new host record from Louisiana" type="journal article" year="2006">Adamski et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFAACF00DFCB2FBE5" author="Bella, S. & G. Mazzeo" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Milano" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="255 - 260" part="38" refId="ref12637" refString="Bella, S., and G. Mazzeo. 2006. First record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges, 1962) (Lepidoptera Cosmopterigidae) in Italy. Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Milano, Serie II 38: 255 - 260." title="First record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges, 1962) (Lepidoptera Cosmopterigidae) in Italy" type="journal article" year="2006">Bella and Mazzeo 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It has also been observed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFD36F02CFE5BFBE5" box="[762,892,1065,1089]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Quesada-Jiménez 2013),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFB70F02CF9DAFBE5" box="[1212,1277,1065,1089]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFAC6F02CFDD9FBC6" author="Alonso, O. & R. Nunez & J. C. Lezcano & M. Suris" journalOrPublisher="Pastos y Forrajes." pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="182 - 184" part="38" refId="ref12511" refString="Alonso, O., R. Nunez, J. C. Lezcano, and M. Suris. 2015. Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), una nueva especie para Cuba asociada a Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Pastos y Forrajes. 38: 182 - 184." title="Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), una nueva especie para Cuba asociada a Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit" type="journal article" year="2015">Alonso et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFEDDF04FFCA2FBC6" box="[273,389,1098,1122]" name="Barbados" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFE5FF04FFF9EFBC6" author="Bennett, F. D. & M. M. Alam" bookContentInfo="81 p." box="[403,697,1098,1122]" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI); Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref12753" refString="Bennett, F. D., and M. M. Alam. 1985. An annotated check list of insects and terrestrial arthropods of Barbados. Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI); Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago. 81 p." title="An annotated check list of insects and terrestrial arthropods of Barbados" type="book" year="1985">Bennett and Alam, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFD37F04FFE52FBC6" box="[763,885,1098,1122]" name="Honduras" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC4EF04FF973FBC6" author="Miller, J. Y. & D. L. Matthews & A. D. Warren & M. A. Solis & D. J. Harvey & P. Gentili-Poole & R. Lehman & T. C. Emmel & C. V. Covell, Jr." box="[898,1108,1098,1122]" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi 0205" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref15798" refString="Miller, J. Y., D. L. Matthews, A. D. Warren, M. A. Solis, D. J. Harvey, P. Gentili-Poole, R. Lehman, T. C. Emmel, and C. V. Covell, Jr. 2012. An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras. Insecta Mundi 0205: 1 - 72." title="An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras" type="book chapter" year="2012">Miller et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFAC6F04FF848FBC5" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1290,1391,1097,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFAC6F04FF848FBC5" box="[1290,1391,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P. badia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded in nine European countries:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFD07F06EFE04FB26" box="[715,803,1131,1154]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFCE3F06EFEA1FB27" box="[815,902,1131,1155]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFC5DF06EFEE9FB27" box="[913,974,1131,1155]" name="Italy" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFC16F06EF901FB27" box="[986,1062,1131,1155]" name="Malta" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFBFDF06EF9EAFB27" box="[1073,1229,1131,1155]" name="Netherlands" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFB15F06EF861FB27" box="[1241,1350,1131,1155]" name="Portugal" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFA9DF06EF8BCFB27" box="[1361,1435,1131,1155]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFEEFF089FC6AFB07" box="[291,333,1164,1187]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFE97F089FFB1FB00" author="Koster and Sammut" box="[347,662,1164,1188]" firstAuthor="Koster" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="49 - 63" refId="ref15243" refString="Koster, S. J. C., and P. Sammut. 2006. Faunistic notes on Momphidae, Batrachedridae, Stathmopodidae and Cosmopterigidae from the Maltese Islands. Nota lepidopterologica 29: 49 - 63." type="journal article" year="2006">Koster and Sammut 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFD6DF089FEC3FB00" author="Seguna, A. & P. Sammut" box="[673,996,1164,1188]" journalOrPublisher="SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="287 - 288" part="35" refId="ref17610" refString="Seguna, A., and P. Sammut. 2007. Eteobalea dohrnii (Zeller, 1847) a new moth for the Maltese Islands (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia 35: 287 - 288." title="Eteobalea dohrnii (Zeller, 1847) a new moth for the Maltese Islands (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Seguna and Sammut 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC23F089F800FB00" author="Huemer and Wieser" box="[1007,1319,1164,1188]" firstAuthor="Huemer" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="139 - 164" refId="ref14832" refString="Huemer, P., and C. Wieser. 2010. Beitrag zur Faunistik der Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera) in der Region Valencia (Spanien) Teil II. Denisia 29: 139 - 164." type="journal article" year="2010">Huemer and Wieser 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFAFEF089FC03FB61" author="Corley" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Corley" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="489 - 511" refId="ref13468" refString="Corley, M. F. V., T. Merckx, J. P. Cardoso, M. J. Dale, E. Marabuto, E. Maravalhas, and P. Pires. 2012. New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2011 (Insecta: Lepidoptera). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia 40: 489 - 511." type="journal article" year="2012">Corley et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFEE3F0A8FC9BFB61" author="Davis" box="[303,444,1197,1221]" firstAuthor="Davis" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref13728" refString="Davis, A. M. 2012. A Review of the Status of Microlepidoptera in Britain. (Butterfly Conservation Report no. S 12 - 02). Butterfly Conservation; Wareham, United Kingdom. 34 p." type="book" year="2012">Davis 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was also reported in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90E87621FFFAFFCEFD26F0A8FE79FB61" box="[746,862,1197,1221]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC45F0A8F86CFB61" author="Herbison-Evans and Crossley" box="[905,1355,1197,1221]" firstAuthor="Herbison-Evans" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref14495" refString="Herbison-Evans, D. and S. Crossley. 2014. Families of Moths in Australia. Available at http: // lepidoptera. butterflyhouse. com. au / cosm / cosmopterigidae. html. (Last accessed September 3, 2015)." type="url" year="2014">Herbison-Evans and Crossley (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0E5653AFFFAFFCFFF0CF0DBFEBFFE90" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF0DBFCECFA5A" blockId="8.[192,1440,1245,1534]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF0DBFC32FB52" bold="true" box="[192,277,1246,1270]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFED2F0DBFCF6FB51" authorityName="Linneo" authorityYear="1753" box="[286,465,1245,1269]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFED2F0DBFCF6FB51" box="[286,465,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFDCFF0DBFFA4FB52" box="[515,643,1246,1270]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD55F0DBFE48FB51" box="[665,879,1245,1269]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleracea">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD55F0DBFE48FB51" box="[665,879,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Brassica oleracea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFC6EF0DBF963FB52" authorityName="G.T.Burnett" authorityYear="1835" box="[930,1092,1246,1270]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFB96F0DBF801FB51" box="[1114,1318,1246,1269]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB96F0DBF801FB51" box="[1114,1318,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ananas comosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Merr (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF04F0FAFC55FAB3" box="[200,370,1279,1303]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bromeliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFE46F0FAFF83FAB3" authority="Thunb." authorityName="Thunb." box="[394,676,1278,1303]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revoluta">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE46F0FAFF67FAB2" box="[394,576,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Cycas revoluta</emphasis>
|
||
Thunb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD24F0FAFE8AFAB2" box="[744,941,1278,1302]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD24F0FAFE8AFAB2" box="[744,941,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Cycas circinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFC28F0FAF95FFAB3" box="[996,1144,1279,1303]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cycadaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFB43F0FAF85BFAB2" box="[1167,1404,1278,1302]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB43F0FAF85BFAB2" box="[1167,1404,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Cassia occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF04F125FC18FA9C" box="[200,319,1312,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFE9FF125FF0EFA93" box="[339,553,1312,1335]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Punica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE9FF125FF0EFA93" box="[339,553,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Punica granatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD94F125FFC1FA9C" authorityName="J.Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1805" box="[600,742,1312,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lythraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD36F125FE19FA93" box="[762,830,1312,1335]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD36F125FE19FA93" box="[762,830,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Musa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFC4FF125F927FA9C" box="[899,1024,1312,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Musaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFBD8F125F80EFA9C" authority="Engelm." authorityName="Engelm." box="[1044,1321,1311,1336]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elliottii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFBD8F125F99EFA93" box="[1044,1209,1311,1335]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Pinus elliottii</emphasis>
|
||
Engelm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFAF8F125FC17FAFD" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFAF8F125FDCDFAFC" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P. palustris</emphasis>
|
||
Mill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFEF3F144FF87FAFD" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton" box="[319,672,1345,1369]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFEF3F144FCE1FAFC" box="[319,454,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P. pinaster</emphasis>
|
||
Aiton (Pinaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD63F145FE5BFAFC" box="[687,892,1344,1368]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sorghum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD63F145FE5BFAFC" box="[687,892,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Sorghum bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Moench (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFBE1F144F9B3FAFD" box="[1069,1172,1345,1369]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFB67F145FC5BFADE" authority="(Thunb.) Lindl." authorityName="Lindl." baseAuthorityName="Thunb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB67F145F887FAFC" box="[1195,1440,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Eriobotrya japonica</emphasis>
|
||
(Thunb.) Lindl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFE4BF167FF1AFADD" box="[391,573,1378,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE4BF167FF1AFADD" box="[391,573,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Prunus persica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Bastch (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD14F167FE6AFADE" box="[728,845,1378,1402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFCACF167FE8AFADD" box="[864,941,1378,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFCACF167FE8AFADD" box="[864,941,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Citrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (L.) Swingle (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFB41F167F825FADE" box="[1165,1282,1378,1402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFAD9F164F840FADD" box="[1301,1383,1377,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFAD9F164F840FADD" box="[1301,1383,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ulmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFF04F186FC62FA3F" box="[200,325,1411,1435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFE97F186FCDBFA3E" box="[347,508,1410,1434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Vitis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFE97F186FCDBFA3E" box="[347,508,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Vitis vinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFDE3F186FFBDFA3F" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[559,666,1411,1435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFD7FF186FE74FA3F" author="Hodges" box="[691,851,1411,1435]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 171" refId="ref14635" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1962. A revision of the Cosmopterigidae of America north of Mexico, with a definition of Momphidae and Walshiidae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea). Entomologica Americana 42: 1 - 171." type="journal article" year="1962">Hodges 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC97F186FEBEFA3F" author="Hodges" box="[859,921,1411,1435]" firstAuthor="Hodges" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref14675" refString="Hodges, R. W. 1978. The moths of America north of Mexico, fasc. 6.1: Gelechioidea: Cosmoptergidae. E. W. Classey Ltd. and the Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; London. ix + 166 p." type="book" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFC6BF186F826FA3F" author="Heckford and Sterling" box="[935,1281,1411,1435]" firstAuthor="Heckford" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="81 - 89" refId="ref14369" refString="Heckford, R. J., and P. H. Sterling. 2004. Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges, 1962) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) an adventive species new to the British Isles, possibly the second record from Spain and a larval description. Entomologist's Gazette 55: 81 - 89." type="journal article" year="2004">Heckford and Sterling 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFAC2F186FDD9FA1F" author="White, W. H. & D. Adamski & J. Brown & T. E. Reagan & J. A. Villanueva-Jimenez & M. Mendez-Lopez & M. O. Way" journalOrPublisher="Southwestern Entomologist." pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="85 - 91" part="30" refId="ref18286" refString="White, W. H., D. Adamski, J. Brown, T. E. Reagan, J. A. Villanueva-Jimenez, M. Mendez-Lopez, and M. O. Way. 2005. Survey results for the sugarcane pest, Blastobasis graminea (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), in Texas and Louisiana in 2002. Southwestern Entomologist. 30: 85 - 91." title="Survey results for the sugarcane pest, Blastobasis graminea (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae)" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Texas and Louisiana in 2002" year="2005">White et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFEC6F1A1FF24FA18" author="Adamski, D. & J. W. Brown & H. W. White" box="[266,515,1444,1468]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="341 - 346" part="108" refId="ref12318" refString="Adamski, D., J. W. Brown, and H. W. White. 2006. Description of the immature stages of Pyroderces badia (Hodges) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), with a new host record from Louisiana. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 108: 341 - 346." title="Description of the immature stages of Pyroderces badia (Hodges) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), with a new host record from Louisiana" type="journal article" year="2006">Adamski et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFDC3F1A1FE08FA18" author="Bella, S. & G. Mazzeo" box="[527,815,1444,1468]" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Milano" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="255 - 260" part="38" refId="ref12637" refString="Bella, S., and G. Mazzeo. 2006. First record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges, 1962) (Lepidoptera Cosmopterigidae) in Italy. Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Milano, Serie II 38: 255 - 260." title="First record of Anatrachyntis badia (Hodges, 1962) (Lepidoptera Cosmopterigidae) in Italy" type="journal article" year="2006">Bella and Mazzeo 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFCF7F1A1F9BFFA18" author="Navarro-Campos, C. & C. Marzal & A. Aguilar & F. Garcia Mari" box="[827,1176,1444,1468]" journalOrPublisher="Levante Agricola" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="270 - 276" part="49" refId="ref16314" refString="Navarro-Campos, C., C. Marzal, A. Aguilar, and F. Garcia Mari. 2010. Incidence and description of Anatrachyntis badia in citrus, and damage in fruits. Levante Agricola 49: 270 - 276." title="Incidence and description of Anatrachyntis badia in citrus, and damage in fruits" type="journal article" year="2010">Navarro-Campos et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C6E4B40FFFAFFCEFB68F1A1FC49FA79" author="Herbison-Evans and Crossley" firstAuthor="Herbison-Evans" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" refId="ref14495" refString="Herbison-Evans, D. and S. Crossley. 2014. Families of Moths in Australia. Available at http: // lepidoptera. butterflyhouse. com. au / cosm / cosmopterigidae. html. (Last accessed September 3, 2015)." type="url" year="2014">Herbison-Evans and Crossley 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Quesada-Jiménez 2013).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD62F1C1FEAFFA78" box="[686,904,1476,1500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Manilkara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sapota">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD62F1C1FEAFFA78" box="[686,904,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Manilkara sapota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) van Royen,
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFB9EF1C0F817FA79" bold="true" box="[1106,1328,1477,1501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">new host record</emphasis>
|
||
and first record on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFEF5F1E3FCE0FA5A" box="[313,455,1510,1534]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF212FEABF935" blockId="8.[192,1441,1558,1847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF212FCBAF98A" bold="true" box="[192,413,1558,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The adults are polyphagous, and feed on many species, but almost all the resources that they consume are organic remains (dead flowers). Therefore, they are not a problem to most of their hosts, but sometimes they feed on some of the healthy flowers close to the dead ones. They were observed eating both healthy and dry flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFCC0F27FFEA2F935" box="[780,901,1658,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Manilkara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zapota">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFCC0F27FFEA2F935" box="[780,901,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">M. zapota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF24F29FFEB7F892" blockId="8.[192,1441,1558,1847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The adults are usually active at night or in the twilight in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A3BF853FFFAFFCEFC51F29FFED1F916" box="[925,1014,1690,1714]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
during summer (June-September). The females lay eggs inside dry or healthy flowers. When
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFC58F2BEF935F977" box="[916,1042,1723,1747]" genus="The" pageId="8" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="larvae">the larvae</taxonomicName>
|
||
hatch, they start to feed on the organic remains inside the flower. The larval stage lasts about 18–21 days, but if the inserted larvae do not have enough resources, they may enter diapause. Pupation occurs inside the flower usually in a rolled sepal. The pupal stage has a duration of 23–29 days.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFAFFCEFF0CF34AFC61F82C" blockId="8.[192,1440,1871,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFF0CF34AFC10F8C3" bold="true" box="[192,311,1871,1895]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Damage.</emphasis>
|
||
The flowers infected by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFAFFCEFD96F355FF98F8C3" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[602,703,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFAFFCEFD96F355FF98F8C3" box="[602,703,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P. badia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not show external damage but turn yellowish brown until desiccated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E84036B1FFFBFFCFFF0CF4DCFEBFFE90" blockId="9.[192,1441,217,308]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFBFFCFFF0CF4DCFC5EFF55" bold="true" box="[192,377,217,241]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Management.</emphasis>
|
||
We observed an unidentified parasitoid (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFBFFCFFCB4F4DCF923FF55" box="[888,1028,217,241]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFBFFCFFBF7F4DFF984FF55" baseAuthorityName="Hodges" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1083,1187,217,241]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Pyroderces" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFBFFCFFBF7F4DFF984FF55" box="[1083,1187,217,241]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">P. badia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The use of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF4D32FFFBFFCFFAF7F4DCFF30FEB7" authority="Berliner, 1915" authorityName="Berliner" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Bacillidae" genus="Bacillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuringiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8BEAA3FFFBFFCFFAF7F4DCFC45FEB6" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Bacillus thuringiensis</emphasis>
|
||
Berliner, 1915
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a biological control agent has also been reported successfully (Quesada- Jiménez 2013). Chemical control has not been investigated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |