488 lines
47 KiB
XML
488 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.262.4152" ID-PMC="PMC3591779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-262-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FC2DFF99C46BF7623153FF88FFDFFFAA" ID-PubMed="23653513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578101" ModsDocID="1313-2970-262-17" checkinTime="1451247737771" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng & Matsumura, Yoko" docDate="2013" docId="5A42A33C400A5ACB8318B12AEC28AE9F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 262: 17-37" docOrigin="ZooKeys 262" docPubDate="2013-02-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.262.4152" docTitle="Lema (Lema) lacertosa Lacordaire 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FC2DFF99C46BF7623153FF88FFDFFFAA" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FC2DFF99C46BF7623153FF88FFDFFFAA" masterDocTitle="On newly and recently recorded species of the genus Lema Fabricius (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Criocerinae) from Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1668155206662" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On newly and recently recorded species of the genus Lema Fabricius (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Criocerinae) from Taiwan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, 189 Chung-Cheng Road, Taichung 41362, Wufeng, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Matsumura, Yoko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Systematic Entomology, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan & Entomology Group, Institut fuer Spezielle Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie mit Phyletischem Museum, FSU Jena, Erbertstrasse 1, 07743 Jena, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yoko.matumura.hamupeni@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-02-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>262</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<mods:end>38</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.262.4152</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.262.4152</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-262-17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FC2DFF99C46BF7623153FF88FFDFFFAA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578101</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182235741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A42A33C400A5ACB8318B12AEC28AE9F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A42A33C400A5ACB8318B12AEC28AE9F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName LSID="5A42A33C-400A-5ACB-8318-B12AEC28AE9F" authority="Lacordaire, 1845" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lema (Lema) lacertosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa" subGenus="Lema">Lema (Lema) lacertosa Lacordaire, 1845</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">Lema lacertosa</taxonomicName>
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Lacordaire, 1845: 339 [Bengal] [type depository unknown];
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<bibRefCitation author="Baly, JS" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" refId="B2" refString="Baly, JS, 1865. Phytophaga Malayana. A revision of the phytophagous beetles of the Malay Archipelago, with description of the new species collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 4: 1-76. [note: pages 77-300 printed in 1867]." title="Phytophaga Malayana. A revision of the phytophagous beetles of the Malay Archipelago, with description of the new species collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 4: 1 - 76. [note: pages 77 - 300 printed in 1867]" year="1865">Baly 1865</bibRefCitation>
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: 11;
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<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby, M" journalOrPublisher="Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae. Taylor & Francis, London" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" refId="B5" refString="Jacoby, M, 1908. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae. Taylor & Francis, London, 534 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1908">Jacoby 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 35;
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<bibRefCitation author="Monros, F" journalOrPublisher="Opera Lilloana" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 337" refId="B16" refString="Monros, F, 1959. Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Opera Lilloana 3: 1 - 337" title="Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)." volume="3" year="1959">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Monrós">Monros</normalizedToken>
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1959
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 186;
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<bibRefCitation author="Gressitt, JL" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 299" refId="B4" refString="Gressitt, JL, Kimoto, S, 1961. The Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of China and Korea part 1. Pacific Insects Monograph 1: 1 - 299" title="The Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of China and Korea part 1." volume="1" year="1961">Gressitt and Kimoto 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 69;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="191 - 256" refId="B8" refString="Kimoto, S, Gressitt, JL, 1979. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae. Pacific Insects 20 (2-3): 191 - 256" title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae." volume="20" year="1979">Kimoto and Gressitt 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 249;
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<bibRefCitation author="Schmitt, M" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 6, Chrysomeloidea. Stenstrup Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark)" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="359 - 368" refId="B22" refString="Schmitt, M, 2010. Chapter, Criocerinae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6, Chrysomeloidea. Stenstrup Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark): 359 - 368" title="Chapter, Criocerinae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera." year="2010">Schmitt 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 362;
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<bibRefCitation author="Warchalowski, A" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="29 - 93" refId="B31" refString="Warchalowski, A, 2011. An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Genus 22 (1): 29 - 93" title="An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae)." volume="22" year="2011">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Warchałowski">Warchalowski</normalizedToken>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 69.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungi">Lema phungi</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1924: 13 [Tonkin, Vietnam] (MNHN);
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<bibRefCitation author="Monros, F" journalOrPublisher="Opera Lilloana" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 337" refId="B16" refString="Monros, F, 1959. Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Opera Lilloana 3: 1 - 337" title="Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)." volume="3" year="1959">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Monrós">Monros</normalizedToken>
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1959
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 188;
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<bibRefCitation author="Warchalowski, A" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="29 - 93" refId="B31" refString="Warchalowski, A, 2011. An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Genus 22 (1): 29 - 93" title="An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae)." volume="22" year="2011">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Warchałowski">Warchalowski</normalizedToken>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 69 (as probable synonym of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">synonymy confirmed</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanvoinei">Lema jeanvoinei</taxonomicName>
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Pic, 1932: 11 [Hanoi, Vietnam] (MNHN);
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<bibRefCitation author="Monros, F" journalOrPublisher="Opera Lilloana" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 337" refId="B16" refString="Monros, F, 1959. Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Opera Lilloana 3: 1 - 337" title="Los generos de Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)." volume="3" year="1959">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Monrós">Monros</normalizedToken>
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1959
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 186;
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<bibRefCitation author="Warchalowski, A" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="29 - 93" refId="B31" refString="Warchalowski, A, 2011. An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Genus 22 (1): 29 - 93" title="An introductory review of Lema Fabr. species from Eastern and Southeastern Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae)." volume="22" year="2011">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Warchałowski">Warchalowski</normalizedToken>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 69 (as probable synonym of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">synonymy confirmed</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="24" type="type series">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Type series.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Lema phungi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: lectotype 1 ♀, here designated, labeled: Hoa Binh/ Tonkin// Phungi/ Pic//
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
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Paris/ 1958/ Coll. Pic// SYNTYPE// MNHN/ EC3057//; paralectotype: 1 ♀// Hoa Binh/ / Tonkin// Phungi/ Pic// Museum Paris/ 1958/ Coll. Pic// SYNTYPE// MNHN/ EC3058//.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanvoinei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Lema jeanvoinei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 1 ♀// Tonkin/ Hanoi/ 7. IV. 1918/ JEANVOINE// Dessous/ et/ membres/ largement/ noirs// jeanvoinei/ n sp// Museum Paris/ 1958/ Coll. Pic// HOLOTYPE// MNHN/ EC3059//.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Taiwan</emphasis>
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: 4 exs.: Chiayi, Minhsiung, 29.IV.2010, leg. W.-T. Liu (TARI); 2 exs.: Chiayi, Niutoulun, 30.III.2010, leg. W.-T. Liu (TARI); 2 exs.: Kaoshiung, Niaosung, 2.VI.2008, leg. C.-H. Liu (TARI); 1 ex.: Kaoshiung, Taiao, 8.IX.2008, leg. W.-T. Liu (TARI); 1 ex.: Nantou, Chichi, 19.VIII.2010, leg. W.-T. Liu (TARI); 5 exs.: Pingtung: Chaochou, 5.XI.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 3 exs., same locality, 16.III.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI); 11 exs., same locality, 2.VI.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou (2 exs. in SEHU; 9 exs. in TARI); 3 exs.: Pingtung, Hengchun, 9.VII.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1 ex.: Pingtung, Kaoshih, 8.V.2012, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1 ex.: Pingtung, Nanjen Lake, 3.I.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1 ex., same locality, 29.IV.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 5 exs.: Pingtung, Wukoushui, 21.VIII.2010, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 1 ex.: Taipei, Kuantu, 15.IX.2010, leg. S.-F. Yu (SEHU); 2 exs., same locality, 8.VI.2011, leg. S.-F. Yu (TARI); 1 ex.: Taitung, Anshuo, 7.XI.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen (TARI); 3 exs.: Taoyuan, Meihuali, 14.VII.2010, leg. H. Lee (SEHU); 5 exs.: Taoyuan, Chungli, 19.X.2010, leg. H. Lee (TARI); 4 exs.: Taoyuan, Kuanyin, 16.VI.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou (TARI).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Malaysia:</emphasis>
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3 exs.:
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="25" start="start">Negeri</pageBreakToken>
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Selangor, Ulu Gomback, (Univ. Malaysia Field Studies centre. 220 m alt.), 10.III.2009, leg. Y. Matsumura (SEHU); 1ex.: Negeri Selangor, Ulu Gomback (Univ. Malaysia Field Studies/ centre. 220 m alt.) 8.XI.2009, leg. Y. Matsumura (SEHU); 1ex: Jalan Pahang Perk, Batu 19 (570m alt.), 8.XI.2009, leg. Y. Matsumura et al. (SEHU).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">India:</emphasis>
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2 exs.: Calcutta, 14-19.X.1978, leg. JAP-IND CO TR (SEHU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be separated from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Matsumura" authorityYear="2013" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Lema diversipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following combination of characters: body is distinctly smaller; anterior margin of the clypeus is curved inward and slightly concave; posterior lines of the vertex grove nearly straight; anterior region of the ventral surface is nearly black and posterior ⅓ (sterna 2-5) orange to brown; sterna almost entirely covered by pubescence, except around midline of the sternum 1 glabrous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Body coloration</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. Habitus. 1 - 2 Lema diversipes 1 dorsal view 2 ventral view 3 - 4 Lema lacertosa 3 dorsal view 4 ventral view. (all at the same scale)" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27225" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Figs 3-4</figureCitation>
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). Dorsum: Labrum and anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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of frontoclypeus black, antenna brownish-black except antennomeres 1 and 2 which are orange to brown; remaining part of head, pronotum, scutellum and elytra brownish to reddish-orange. Procoxae black, protrochanters brown, profemora, protibiae, and protarsi orange with diffuse brown to blackish line; meso- and metatrochanters brown, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of meso- and metalegs black. Venter: anterior ⅓-
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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of prothorax orange, remaining area black to brownish-black; meso- and metathorax black; first abdominal sternite black to blackish-brown, other sterna orange to brown. Pubescence white. Antenna lighter colored than other parts, protrochanter and apical section of procoxae orange; proleg black basally. Basal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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of first abdominal sternite black; especially in Malaysian populations with brighter orange color.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Head</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Figs 24-26</figureCitation>
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). Width and length almost equal; vertex not raised, glabrous, surface smooth; area between X-shaped vertex groove and compound eye with relatively long setae, covered with fine sculpture; orbital area triangular, densely covered with pubescence; frontal tubercle indistinct, glabrous; frontoclypeus triangular, covered with setae, setae relatively dense on posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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, medial line region glabrous; labrum with ca. Seven relatively long setae, anterior margin curved inward and slightly concave; antenna filiform, ca. 0.7 times as long as body length, antennomeres 1-2 subglobular and almost glabrous with a few setae, antennomeres 3-11 bearing velutinous pubescence, apex of antennomeres 5-11 ringed with a few long setae, antennomere 3 subequal in length to 4, antennomeres 3+4 slightly longer than 5, antennomere 4 or 5 longest depending on individuals, antennomeres 6-10 subequal in length, antennomeres 3-10 cylindrical slightly thickening apically, apex of antennomere 11 conically prominent.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" start="Figures 24–31" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Figures 24-31.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">24</emphasis>
|
||
left antenna
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">25</emphasis>
|
||
head, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">26</emphasis>
|
||
frontoclypeus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">27</emphasis>
|
||
mouth parts
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">28</emphasis>
|
||
prothorax, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">29</emphasis>
|
||
frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">30</emphasis>
|
||
thorax, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">31</emphasis>
|
||
abdomen, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Slightly wider than long to almost equal, laterally constricted at middle; surface with a few small punctures around midline and anterior angles, rest with very fine punctures, transverse groove present near base with fovea in middle, anterior and posterior margins narrowly margined, posterior ridge internally with dense short setae. A long seta present in each anterior and posterior angle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="8" pageNumber="25">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trapezoidal and relatively wide, posterior margin concave, indistinct in some specimens. Surface glabrous, but in three of five Taiwanese specimens covered with a few setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="26" start="start">Elytra</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 4. Habitus. 1 - 2 Lema diversipes 1 dorsal view 2 ventral view 3 - 4 Lema lacertosa 3 dorsal view 4 ventral view. (all at the same scale)" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27225" pageId="9" pageNumber="26">Figs 3-4</figureCitation>
|
||
). 1.7 times longer than wide; one of six Taiwanese specimens very slightly depressed anteriorly but not depressed or indistinctly impressed in the other specimens. Lateral margins parallel; punctures slightly weakening posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="27" start="start">Pygidium</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior ⅓ densely covered with short hair-like projections except for stridulatory organ in anterior middle, size of stridulatory organ relatively small; posterior ⅔ with dense, stout setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Palpi of mouth parts</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical maxillary palpomere relatively stout and conico-cylindrical but not enlarged; other palpomeres cylindrical, narrowing basally; one of two Indian specimens examined with relatively slender apical palpomere. Labial palpi with four palpomeres, apical three palpomeres relatively stout but not enlarged, apical palpomere conico-cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
(lateral and ventral,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Figs 29-30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior area of prosternum transversely oblong anteriorly, with pubescent patch posteriorly, glabrous anteriorly, some specimens with very weak transverse wrinkles. Prosternal process very narrow and not raised, widened posteriorly. Surface of pronotal hypomeron smooth. Posterior arms of pronotal hypomeron normally not closed in most specimens, but closed in one Malaysian specimen and fused in one Indian specimen; prosternal process with bridge arms, bridge relatively short and not completely covering arms. With pubescent fringe anteriorly and posteriorly; anterior margin fringed with two rows of setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Mesothorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface of mesosternum with fine sculpture and pubescence; posterior process with ridge along margin, pubescence on posterior ridge relatively long. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron with dense pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Metathorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metasternum oblong; almost entire margin with ridge; surface of medial area glabrous and other areas covered with pubescence; medial part of anterior ridge with relatively long pubescence; posterior margin between metacoxae with curved pubescence. Metepisternum with dense pubescence, lateral ⅓ with glabrous area overlapping elytra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Procoxae conico-cylindrical, densely covered with pubescence, protrochanters glabrous, with relatively long setae on anterior ridgeline; profemora nearly glabrous except apex laterally with pubescence ventrally, dorsum with relatively dense pubescence except for glabrous base. Mesocoxae spherical, densely pubescent on lower anterior
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
; mesotrochanters glabrous with very long pubescence on posterior ridgeline; meso- and metafemora with dense pubescence ventrally, glabrous dorsally except for dense pubescence apically. Metacoxae pubescent; metatrochanters glabrous except with long pubescence on posterior ridgeline; tibiae slender and only slightly tapering apically, covered with dense pubescence, basally ⅓ to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
with slightly curved pubescence, apically with straight, transparent setae, almost glabrous dorsally; tibiae with lateral margin bordered with translucent brown spines apically, and armed with pair of very short, subequal, black-brown spines ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Abdominal sterna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24–31" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 - 31. Lema lacertosa. 24 left antenna 25 head, dorsal view 26 frontoclypeus, dorsal view 27 mouth parts 28 prothorax, dorsal view 29 frontal fringe of prothorax, ventral view 30 thorax, ventral view 31 abdomen, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27232" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface almost entirely densely covered by short pubescence; only around midline of sternite one glabrous, some specimens more or less depressed laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 32–36" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 32 - 36. Male genitalia of Lema lacertosa. 32 entire genitalia in ventral view 33 aedeagus in lateral view; outer membrane of internal sac was partly removed. Right side corresponds to posterior end 34 median lobe and tegmen in ventral view 35 internal-sac sclerites in dorsal view, basal part is enlarged 36 internal-sac sclerites in lateral view; Bc: body cavity; DS: dorsal sclerite; FCM: first connecting membrane; GS: gastral spiculum; IS: internal sac; ISS: internal-sac sclerites; ML: median lobe; MS: median sclerite; R: rectum; SCM: second connecting membrane; T: tegmen; T 8: tergite 8; VS: ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27234" pageId="10" pageNumber="27">Figs 32-36</figureCitation>
|
||
). Consisting of five parts: tergite 8, gastral spiculum, tegmen, median lobe and internal sac. Tergite 8 similar to that of female as described below. Gastral spiculum consisting of two pairs of twig-like sclerites, one pair longer than the other. Basal piece of tegmen rectangular in lateral view, tapering toward base.
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="28" start="start">Median</pageBreakToken>
|
||
lobe stout, median foramen expanding and occupying ⅓ of ventral surface in lateral view, ventral end of median orifice round with rectangular and rounded protrusion. Internal sac with specialized state as in many members of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">Lema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e. having pocket for storing elongated flagellum; median and ventral sclerites forming flagellum (1.58 mm, N=1); dorsal sclerite not separated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27234" pageId="11" pageNumber="28" start="Figures 32–36" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">Figures 32-36.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">32</emphasis>
|
||
entire genitalia in ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">33</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus in lateral view; outer membrane of internal sac was partly removed. Right side corresponds to posterior end
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">34</emphasis>
|
||
median lobe and tegmen in ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">35</emphasis>
|
||
internal-sac sclerites in dorsal view, basal part is enlarged
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="28">36</emphasis>
|
||
internal-sac sclerites in lateral view; Bc: body cavity; DS: dorsal sclerite; FCM: first connecting membrane; GS: gastral spiculum; IS: internal sac; ISS: internal-sac sclerites; ML: median lobe; MS: median sclerite; R: rectum; SCM: second connecting membrane; T: tegmen; T8: tergite 8; VS: ventral sclerite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="29" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
|
||
genitalia and a part of reproductive systems
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 37–42" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 37 - 42. Female genitalia of Lema lacertosa. 37 entire female genitalia and a part of reproductive system in lateral view 38 spermathecal capsule 39 sternite 8 40 sternite 9 41 tergite 9 42 tergite 8; BC: bursa copulatrix; Od: oviduct; R: rectum; SptD: spermathecal duct SptG: spermathecal gland; SptC: spermathecal capsule; PpSptC: proximal part of spermathecal capsule; DpSptC: distal part of spermathecal capsule; S 8: sternite 8; S 9: sternite 9; T 8: tergite 8; T 9: tergite 9." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27236" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Figs 37-42</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermathecal duct relatively long (0.36-0.49mm, N = 2) with no specialized structure in opening to bursa copulatrix. Spermathecal capsule well sclerotized, its wall relatively thick; distal part hook-shaped, inner surface covered by winkle-like sculpture, junction area to spermathecal duct covered by scale-like sculpture; proximal part with a large potato-like structure, inner surface covered by transverse winkles. Spermathecal gland opening on a light-bulb like structure. Genitalia of four parts: tergites 8 and 9, and sternites 8 and 9; tergites 9 and sternite 9 consisting of a pair of sclerites; sclerotization of tergite 8 gradually weakened toward midline; sternite 8 with stick-like apodeme; posterior area of sternite 8 covered by scale-like sculpture; upper area of tergite 8 weakly covered by scale-like sculpture and lower area with fine pointed projections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27236" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" start="Figures 37–42" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Figures 37-42.</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">37</emphasis>
|
||
entire female genitalia and a part of reproductive system in lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">38</emphasis>
|
||
spermathecal capsule
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">39</emphasis>
|
||
sternite 8
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">40</emphasis>
|
||
sternite 9
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">41</emphasis>
|
||
tergite 9
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">42</emphasis>
|
||
tergite 8; BC: bursa copulatrix; Od: oviduct; R: rectum; SptD: spermathecal duct SptG: spermathecal gland; SptC: spermathecal capsule; PpSptC: proximal part of spermathecal capsule; DpSptC: distal part of spermathecal capsule; S8: sternite 8; S9: sternite 9; T8: tergite 8; T9: tergite 9.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="12" pageNumber="29" type="measurements">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Measurements.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Specimens collected from India.</emphasis>
|
||
Elytral length: male: 3.04 mm (N=1), female: 3.38 mm (N=1). Elytral width: male: 1.77 mm, female: 2.00 mm. Pronotum length: male: 1.00 mm, female: 1.15 mm. Pronotum width: male: 1.04 mm, female: 1.27 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="29">Specimens collected from Taiwan.</emphasis>
|
||
Elytral length: male: 3.36
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0. 21 mm (mean
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SD, N=2), female: 3.56
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.15 mm (N=4). Elytral width: male: 1.96
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.11 mm, female: 2.05
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.13 mm. Pronotum length: male: 1.08
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.05 mm, female: 1.09
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.05 mm. Pronotum width: male: 1.15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.02 mm, female: 1.20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.07 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="30" start="start">Specimens</pageBreakToken>
|
||
collected from Malaysia.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Elytral length: male: 3.15 mm (N=1), female: 3.57
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.21 mm (N=4). Elytral width: male: 1.81 mm, female: 2.13
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.14 mm. Pronotum length: male: 0.96 mm, female: 1.10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03 mm. Pronotum width: male: 1.13 mm, female: 1.21
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.05 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="30" type="host plant">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Host plant.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 43–48" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 43 - 48. Live adults or larvae in the field. 43 - 44 Lema diversipes on Pueraria lobata (Willd.) subsp. thomsonii (Benth.) Ohashi 43 a pair of adults 44 a cluster of larvae 45 - 46 Lema lacertosa on Commelina communis L. 45 adult 46 larva 47 - 48 Lema cyanella on Cirsium japonicum 47 adult 48 larva." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27237" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Figs 45-46</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Commelinaceae" lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Commelina communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., 1753.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/27237" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" start="Figures 43–48" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Figures 43-48.</emphasis>
|
||
Live adults or larvae in the field.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">43-44</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Matsumura" authorityYear="2013" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema diversipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pueraria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lobata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Pueraria lobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Willd.) subsp.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">thomsonii</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Ohashi
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">43</emphasis>
|
||
a pair of adults
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">44</emphasis>
|
||
a cluster of larvae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">45-46</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Commelinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Commelina communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">45</emphasis>
|
||
adult
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">46</emphasis>
|
||
larva
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">47-48</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema cyanella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="japonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Cirsium japonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">47</emphasis>
|
||
adult
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">48</emphasis>
|
||
larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
India, Malaysia, and Taiwan (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">new record</emphasis>
|
||
). This species is also recorded from Laos, Vietnam, S. China, and Singapore (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="191 - 256" refId="B8" refString="Kimoto, S, Gressitt, JL, 1979. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae. Pacific Insects 20 (2-3): 191 - 256" title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae." volume="20" year="1979">Kimoto and Gressitt 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Nepal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schmitt, M" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 6, Chrysomeloidea. Stenstrup Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark)" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="359 - 368" refId="B22" refString="Schmitt, M, 2010. Chapter, Criocerinae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 6, Chrysomeloidea. Stenstrup Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark): 359 - 368" title="Chapter, Criocerinae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera." year="2010">Schmitt 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These identifications require confirmation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="30" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Justification of identification of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="17" pageNumber="34" pagination="191 - 256" refId="B8" refString="Kimoto, S, Gressitt, JL, 1979. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae. Pacific Insects 20 (2-3): 191 - 256" title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. I. Sagrinae, Donaciinae, Zeugophorinae, Megalopodinae and Criocerinae." volume="20" year="1979">Kimoto and Gressitt (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated the type depository, they did not observe types and the type could not be located (see also remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Matsumura" authorityYear="2013" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema diversipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However from investigation of the literature we judged that there is a consensus for the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among chrysomelid taxonomists. Features of the commonly accepted species have no contradiction with the original description and the specimens which we examined and identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Although we could not locate the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacertosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="30">Lema lacertosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we have no evidence regarding the disappearance of the holotype. In addition, the identity of this species is relatively stable, so we do not designate a neotype for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |