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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="55469" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c8ada2-a0d5-4491-b2d9-bcefc7badf82" ID-PMC="PMC9848667" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1102-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9856BA5AE24B5C68B128B57DC644E3F0" ID-PubMed="36761152" ID-ZooBank="2398E5CC94134AE5976BDEF9F138A814" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1102-1" checkinTime="1653045140087" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liao, Hauchuan, Terayama, Mamoru &amp; Eguchi, Katsuyuki" docDate="2022" docId="5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1102: 1-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1102" docPubDate="2022-05-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953" docTitle="Eleganesia minuta Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="9856BA5AE24B5C68B128B57DC644E3F0" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="9856BA5AE24B5C68B128B57DC644E3F0" masterDocTitle="Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Pristepyris Kieffer, 1905, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732673239626" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="2E50AF30F45DB2BC1723F6EFD808A57B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="349FF4E8A95B4E9A6E7C1CF5B2C73749">
<mods:title id="8603CD7F1785D1682DC5B4BF176DD0CB">Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Pristepyris Kieffer, 1905, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="093EAD7C557D1D774AA469C58FEA18EF">
<mods:roleTerm id="854BA62C8359E02235208E22C91D79A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D931F7F56DC396D7BB9D0ADB487BCC31">Liao, Hauchuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C5FBC3DC40A6037DAE052976F6E3DA8A">Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1 - 1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0E3600B3C5C4691A8E1B2C89B20EEA5" type="email">hachiliao0808@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A027C39CA02DD75FA986379F69C1AC6E">Terayama, Mamoru</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF02CF748985C63E411128D98397E7CF">Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1 - 1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ADB15F9D88B2E0412A2C17B0D0D0BE8B">Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="11B2CD1D023576F78B7D2622DC078AF5">Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1 - 1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan &amp; Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto 1 - 12 - 4, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852 - 8523, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F99E7E753E489E49F39F25A7DB1352A6">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="412288F3205CA2D66F03A127735AB534">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="96107BE158EC80B9C368843B96F01D47">2022-05-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D6F753AFB4175C10B8644881A21CEFAD">1102</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="367C8B1BD67A607312ACDCA099CD6054" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DACF504D57611F1F6C9F47639B4CDFB2" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1102-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6A35566EA0C3F4B4A0B811AEF254B780" type="ZooBank">2398E5CC94134AE5976BDEF9F138A814</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195536331" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Bethylidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Pristocerinae">
<subSubSection id="7F295586BED11D09A2CDCD84646A118D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3B17DCF14410712C48FCB2B7EB28433F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E0618AF909387BF6C4E2BC67E21B87AD" LSID="5A3C338E-9BA7-5C1A-BDE1-6E935BC7927C" authority="(Yasumatsu, 1955)" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Yasumatsu" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta" status="comb. nov.">Eleganesia minuta (Yasumatsu, 1955)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="032E7804E66670BC209D2587468BBD70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="967584606EC7F1023B350A1F575863F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="03745447D4623855CB827143E2F1382D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="4E9F8CC3C3B5D3A6F624A86A2201B81D" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male, holotype A head in full-face view B antenna (right) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view F Forewing G hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686042" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="795691C06D2DE1C66FA40F522BE71D75" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male A, C-H JO 190717 _ 13 B JIR 190717 _ 54 A, B head in full-face view C antenna (left) D mandible E mesosoma in lateral view F mesosoma in dorsal view G forewing H hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6E5A7870D0AB6DB832C2204DE1213373" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. &quot; Pristepyris takasago &quot;, male, holotype A head in full-face view B antenna (right) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view F forewing G hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 16</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1D76B3D622C151B70AAB00640CC1844F" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="ECCED5AD51C23C27E4843DA812CDFA34" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., female A head in full-face view B antenna (left) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 18</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1015DEA5478B4FB4B5CDCE15E08E0342" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="565E7220D7C2E3C546B6DD3EB3303710" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A97DA60A4EF880189100F64727CE4273" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristocera minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta" status="comb. nov.">Pristocera minuta</taxonomicName>
Yasumatsu, 1955: 246. Holotype (male, KUF), type loc.: Sobosan, Prov. Bungo, Kyusyu, Japan.
<taxonomicName id="EA3E294905607F89EE63B530D97B77AE" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Acrepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrepyris minutus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="comb. nov.">Acrepyris minutus</taxonomicName>
: Terayama, 1996: 595 (genus transfer).
<taxonomicName id="8CD4508DB1C6604AA3AB4A40BD3C1458" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris minutus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="comb. nov.">Pristepyris minutus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="74F8C34E8DCABBC9C4455B024B0F0478" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" author="Azevedo, CO" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 294" refId="B8" refString="Azevedo, CO, Alencar, IDCC, Ramos, MS, Barbosa, DN, Colombo, WD, Vargas, RJM, Lim, J, 2018. Global guide of the flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zootaxa 4889 (1): 1 - 294, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" title="Global guide of the flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" volume="4889" year="2018">Azevedo et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: 104 (genus transfer). Comb. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CCE11F1E030E5F19EA6FAA1B1D6F949" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="FDCE8840BAA3F8A3778D41632BEF4CEB" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Apenesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apenesia takasago" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takasago" status="comb. nov.">Apenesia takasago</taxonomicName>
Terayama, 1996: 143, figs 15-18. Holotype (male, NSMT), type loc.: Tokkasha, Nantou Hsien, Taiwan.
<taxonomicName id="231722A0754C1592D19E3CC1DA2AE2BF" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris takasago" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takasago" status="comb. nov.">Pristepyris takasago</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="373EECD6B54E2C21CB4B4CE0F60FBAA6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" author="Azevedo, CO" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 294" refId="B8" refString="Azevedo, CO, Alencar, IDCC, Ramos, MS, Barbosa, DN, Colombo, WD, Vargas, RJM, Lim, J, 2018. Global guide of the flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zootaxa 4889 (1): 1 - 294, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" title="Global guide of the flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4489.1.1" volume="4889" year="2018">Azevedo et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: 104 (genus transfer). Syn. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCA1A0B3B3FF058F3F64AEF4D0A265BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="male diagnosis">
<paragraph id="42A5D5D52B220F2B88D40440E26A8333" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="713D11A778046CF76679C687BF218AFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TL ≈ 3.3-5.5 mm. HL/HW
<normalizedToken id="5002D03CB6CAB0ABA6383DF56AFA1264" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
100 = 98-109. Frons and vertex almost smooth and shining or with shallow foveolae, of which intervals are smooth and shining and wider than diameter of foveolae. Anterior clypeal margin nearly straight. Mandible with four apical teeth. Transverse pronotal carina absent. Cervical pronotal area in lateral view gently rounded. LP/WP = 1.30-1.44. Metapostnotal median carina distinct, but incompletely reaching posterior transverse margin. Tergum II without longitudinal ridge and sulcus, sternum II with longitudinal median carina. Hypopygium with almost straight apical margin. Aedeagus with developed ventral and dorsal valves; apical lobe reduced.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACA82F62FAF30F227AE78242DEBBE017" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686042" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="A50D76A6D194D5CEE4D5553BBB537582" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="ACC7BCBBA067484E926E383099D23529" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7008A49C9031E5FEB998B8D78110E59F" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Yasumatsu" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="248C25DC2138262CAA196D885FBEB2E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., male, holotype
<emphasis id="3B054C6C777B4B25A5828B703169E725" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
head in full-face view
<emphasis id="0EB589964E30A1343A03870227AFEDD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
antenna (right)
<emphasis id="8FF7AB33CFD362658485AACC4BCAD2F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="96235855E9F35EA995FC93A23C1B7AAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
mesosoma in lateral view
<emphasis id="5F5D9BA49535FC7321C10844A32C3D82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
mesosoma in dorsal view
<emphasis id="4B314200E1B9505E70E44BCB6DB896C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Forewing
<emphasis id="17B6051BE084FC7356309689B37069E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BF1AF229448548D5F4E43C4977A72B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="female diagnosis">
<paragraph id="577E18FD52F7B3A9F09AFAC258BE8633" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4A1E0CAE911E418527C9A10E5836404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TL = 3.7 mm. HL/HW
<normalizedToken id="17E376685DC352F08CE60DAC94301CFC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
100 = 139. Frons and vertex with foveolae (ca. 0.01 mm in diameter), of which intervals are imbricate; intervals in lateral part of frons as wide as or narrower than diameter of foveolae; intervals in vertex and median part of frons wider than diameter of foveolate. Median portion of clypeus roundly produced anteriad. Compound eye less developed. Mandible with four teeth. Transverse pronotal carina absent. Cervical pronotal area in lateral view gently rounded. Dorsal area of pronotum, mesoscutellum, mesopleuron and dorsomedian face of metapectal-propodeal complex imbricate. Dorsal area of pronotum, mesoscutellum, mesopleuron and dorsolateral face of metapectal-propodeal complex with spare foveolae. Tergum II without longitudinal ridge and sulcus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0756FA8F5E91FADBF86DF40888EFFB34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="0900C94774DE0CA972FA7BECB4662E9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8DC142CED443B1618F61DB2A79E957F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Full description was given by
<bibRefCitation id="55B2BD5666AE60EB209A069407DE02C1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5109/22656" author="Yasumatsu, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="233 - 249" refId="B37" refString="Yasumatsu, K, 1955. Taxonomic notes on three wireworm parasites of the genus Pristocera from the Far East (Hymenoptera: Bethyloidea). Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 10 (3): 233 - 249, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5109/22656" title="Taxonomic notes on three wireworm parasites of the genus Pristocera from the Far East (Hymenoptera: Bethyloidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.5109/22656" volume="10" year="1955">Yasumatsu (1955)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="A970694A8CCE52CCCEFAD3AD59F29A48" author="Terayama, M" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo Co, Fukuoka, Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B34" refString="Terayama, M, 2006. The Insects of Japan (Hymenoptera), Vol. 1. Touka Shobo Co, Fukuoka, Japan" title="The Insects of Japan (Hymenoptera), Vol. 1." year="2006">Terayama (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. Additional information as below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96BC26EBB1D3AFE914B13E475DF9106D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="BF295B034154943E3ED48718FEF5D52F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3010A26A2A379493E3B91411E3B8D0F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
HL/HW
<normalizedToken id="34631AAED4EAAB91CF7C7E59F699295C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
100 = 98-109 (100 in holotype of
<taxonomicName id="052F2F7387DF2E675B3BB35D5023682E" lsidName="P. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="A83FC850E8943A5DC0CD837F31BB7619" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Frons and vertex almost smooth and shining or with inconspicuous foveolae (ca. 0.01-0.02 mm in diameter, Fig.
<figureCitation id="A3620420D7026D112F6DBC7A9107A3DF" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male A, C-H JO 190717 _ 13 B JIR 190717 _ 54 A, B head in full-face view C antenna (left) D mandible E mesosoma in lateral view F mesosoma in dorsal view G forewing H hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A</figureCitation>
) or shallow foveolae (ca. 0.02-0.04 mm, Fig.
<figureCitation id="1DF9A1F396DED235F90EEFAB82D330AB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male A, C-H JO 190717 _ 13 B JIR 190717 _ 54 A, B head in full-face view C antenna (left) D mandible E mesosoma in lateral view F mesosoma in dorsal view G forewing H hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15B</figureCitation>
), of which intervals are smooth and shining and wider than diameter of foveolae. Occipital carina present. Median portion of clypeus shortly produced anteriad; median clypeal carina moderately distinct, not reaching anterior margin; anterior clypeal margin nearly straight medially. Compound eye large and convex, with sparse thin erect setae. Mandible with four teeth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B23D32EFD50083CCB5C6E20D5B4C0354" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="BD1E37362D20032865EC80A0DDCFC3CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2A915BE9BF4ED958A34EE0DCA2FCE2AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C7097F1E12182FB66CCD148EC0634086" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Yasumatsu" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="1C4D26A23B5E5B1759EEEA2C5225E562" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., male
<emphasis id="09E5814D7523234D958023F20387F163" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C-H</emphasis>
JO190717_13
<emphasis id="A649999C5DE5CF6F0588BF539C3918A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
JIR190717_54
<emphasis id="63A343667969B63BB6810AA1348D3BB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
head in full-face view
<emphasis id="6FCE2FADBD7707117C51B029C7FD45F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
antenna (left)
<emphasis id="2104E4C4DAB4CD4DB6E980B627E53733" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="F9965DDB5A41CB3EA6B525958D4A00EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
mesosoma in lateral view
<emphasis id="F3EC8FD3729B89B95DF9994464F479E0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
mesosoma in dorsal view
<emphasis id="545A9C2B8EBE7B98AA1E8CD4B793B8AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
forewing
<emphasis id="B36AE75019E6FA8CD963D0685AD431AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D0ACFBC461615121B2758D400B89058B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="03371FB3454EFBE14CD7A045AC6008DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CA5FC709004DC9E1BA32AC0F27BF2F2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum without transverse pronotal carina; cervical pronotal area in lateral view round; dorsal area smooth and shining, or with sparse, inconspicuous or shallow foveolae. Mesopleuron elongate; anterior, upper and lower fovea distinct; acropleural area smooth and shining, with inconspicuous foveolae; mesopleural pit absent. Mesodiscrimen concave, without median carina. Metasternum with metafurcal pit. Lateral face of metapectal-propodeal complex obliquely rugose in marginal area and irregularly rugose in central area. Metapectal-propodeal complex in dorsal view with lateral margins subparallel and slightly convex; LP/WP = 1.30-1.44 (1.30 in holotype of
<taxonomicName id="5D868DACD2BA8A2FC1499856224F5E45" lsidName="P. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="164E982785668B3B99DE89C3DEBB2DE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); metapostnotal median carina distinct, but incompletely reaching posterior transverse margin; submedian rugae irregularly running; sublateral margin distinct, but short, incomplete posteriorly; posterior transverse margin distinct; dorsomedian face weakly rugoso-scabrous; dorsolateral face smooth and shining; median portion of propodeal declivity with transversely rugoso-scabrous. Forewing with long R12v vein and R2 flexion line, of which the latter is shorter than 1M2 flexion line (arrows in Fig.
<figureCitation id="135C35D92F40E70B5D9435DF95FE1DFE" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male A, C-H JO 190717 _ 13 B JIR 190717 _ 54 A, B head in full-face view C antenna (left) D mandible E mesosoma in lateral view F mesosoma in dorsal view G forewing H hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15F</figureCitation>
), without 2M12 flexion line. Hindwing with four distal hamuli. Tarsal claws bifid, with thin and curved apical teeth; basal one very short.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C5AF3CCC15ADC893EC08F388397B6411" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="CA9C6B0B34CC799461ECD0C2A4C2FBA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="84D3C4C6E0D89F7A1885E01A32441C04" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 16.</emphasis>
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="B615BC2A03EE849ACE2D852CDF424D08" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris takasago" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takasago">
<emphasis id="5EAE05C3106BCEEFEDA50CC1D925852E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristepyris takasago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot;, male, holotype
<emphasis id="91C2CC86BD5437E0E7B142F2AA0CFC76" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
head in full-face view
<emphasis id="D206CED9AE1323A314CD76C645D2BFD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
antenna (right)
<emphasis id="74BB06FBC7E04C30E6E50551B1A80D37" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="A91E414B2D245D229B5622F5CDC61CF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
mesosoma in lateral view
<emphasis id="2B7867722767AE9983738809C404D09D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
mesosoma in dorsal view
<emphasis id="29AFAC1D3B9D3C343851D8249F81777F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
forewing
<emphasis id="DC9D67A6CF9F3BE12EE3A6B6A78F96F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="319D348BA9DE69B5058865160D9F9E8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="150B06FCEB98C4602D5936450908390F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8BAC6EE5251CA3F0C2E21D092ED3BED6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Tergum II without longitudinal ridge and sulcus; sternum II with longitudinal median carina. Hypopygium with very long spiculum, with almost straight apical margin; apicomedian part thickened which is visible as a small triangular region; outer face of apicomedian part with relatively dense setae; membrane developed between spiculum and S9ala (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CE49F021CAE2CAE8830E3920AF042732" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17A</figureCitation>
), without thickened margin. Gonostipes thin and glabrous, fused to harpe in dorsal portion. Harpe in ventral view elongate-spatulate, slightly curved inward, with blunt apex, entirely covered with setae which increase in length toward apex; median basal portion with concavity which accommodates digitus and cuspis. Subbasal part of volsella with seta-bearing area which is almost as long as cuspis. Cuspis elongate-lobate and straight, extending posteriad, with several long setae at the apex. Digitus extending laterad, curled. Aedeagus with reduced apical lobe; dorsal lobe large; ventral lobe elongated, with large lobate projection produced ventrally in posterior portion (arrow in Fig.
<figureCitation id="07D660D9A1874FF7CA6CD0AA23FBB95E" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17D, F, H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="9939DBB9D6214C9C4F291B3C5730B1FE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
<paragraph id="2C0A8A31ADEF04C57621B31ACBDCA7B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DDC5DE5EA69F2BF161B59624F316E5D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="51567B23020FF461D76E80C47740B1EA" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Yasumatsu" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="069637C19F4AB80F43C89D17D8C896D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., male genitalia
<emphasis id="7F7B29D0A1DD9D2B2C87C4E4AF5413ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C</emphasis>
(JO190717_13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island
<emphasis id="7D132C6360C6989DCD6880DB12141242" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
(holotype)
<emphasis id="374C6ADBC7A95B9211F680A2F082AF23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
(JA170808_13) from Amami-Oshima Island
<emphasis id="4423C5FE432D5E007B2B9121B0114AAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
(JI170808_31)
<emphasis id="D6B310CD3ECDCFFFFE0FA105B437A9A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
(JI170808_35) from Ishigaki-jima Island
<emphasis id="57AE7769AA8E0872C551E7E320854388" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
(TNT180706_01)
<emphasis id="B65A4984AD59FC2705E312D273622199" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
(TNT180706_06) from Taiwan
<emphasis id="395818317ED80168A7676F4596DD915D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
hypopygium
<emphasis id="83B09AE932C9E248029F9530883D4EC0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C, E, G</emphasis>
genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view
<emphasis id="D7CD9C0EB71F862A612361DD6236348B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, F, H</emphasis>
aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5F774152657D49423B032CF268F5F415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="64F860AD4FC86F1A682B0180B263CF49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F6E436F0DEE7FB519CA94D31284FD263" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female of this species was recognized for the first time by collecting a male and female pair in copulation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="654DC0FD71F5A2249027E7DDED6B950D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="644E2D406B6C707422308E24A13B1CB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="652956FF811E4156A630E9D49A75144A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Color</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body light brown; mandible, antenna and legs as same as or lighter than body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E47C017C32F6156F43290B39F25F2FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="013E951F03DCE694FC8FC69827303B9E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="AD7D75136F3BA07A8AE0C17B2E910CC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Head capsule with posterior margin very weakly incurved, with posterolateral corner round; HL/HW
<normalizedToken id="11769CDE5AF4377520E7EAB662DFC599" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
100 = 139. Occipital carina present. Frons and vertex foveolate (ca. 0.01 mm in diameter), with intervals imbricate; intervals in lateral part of frons as wide as or narrower than diameter of foveolae; intervals in vertex and median part of frons as wide as or wider than diameter of foveolae. Clypeus imbricate; median portion roundly produced anteriad; median longitudinal carina reaching anterior clypeal margin which is slightly incurved medially (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2F20A00C9CF07D75A3CA1B8E0CA63B5C" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., female A head in full-face view B antenna (left) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18C</figureCitation>
). Compound eye less developed. Mandible with four teeth. Antennomere I (excluding the basal condylar bulb) 3.1
<normalizedToken id="31893F57E0AC3BB093D46B70A9EDA727" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as maximum width; antennomere I:II:III = 27:8:6 in length; antennomere II 0.9
<normalizedToken id="0A3EDCE605237B7AFA12BD3A299B6C65" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as maximum width, narrowed and bent in basal part; antennomere III-XII each 0.72-0.78
<normalizedToken id="CCB31C2EE4C9965709C6B9DD4BA22AAF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as maximum width, elongate-cylindrical; antennomere XIII (terminal) 1.7
<normalizedToken id="CFA5166579D6DF2D2FCC877947EDA6B2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as maximum width, with round apex.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F2D9921589788C464E1255F818882480" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph id="741A332684BE2489B2FF8731674E5A66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6CD76C07937ED443DEF875CB761AE9EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D58E8FBCD455A595D54DDF0B29DC048E" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Yasumatsu" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia minuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="EE9A910A5954FD2819FB9B5ADFF06600" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., female
<emphasis id="2A55536B5266A0BAEA90B0501564D09C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
head in full-face view
<emphasis id="BA8F566AFD60171FDACF1818BA8CDD13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
antenna (left)
<emphasis id="03A4D82AC7D6C323957A42C003B89309" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
mandible
<emphasis id="F3A1CCCDB20610D58F529556B3AFED50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
mesosoma in lateral view
<emphasis id="AD8CE9D69153CA55E73E060E85CD7FDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
mesosoma in dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="357732F85561DAC70C33B1537092C76A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6AE82E0F9DF807B1CBCBAA2457D221A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B6B458B5D0236D7F4447955F7B9E04A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum with anterior flange extending anteriad beyond anterior margin of propleuron; cervical pronotal area in lateral view gently round; dorsal area subtrapezoidal, with weakly incurved posterior margin, with inconspicuous foveolae of which intervals are imbricate and wider than diameter of foveolae; transverse pronotal carina absent; LPD/WPD = 1.36. Mesoscutum overlain by posteromedian portion of pronotum. Mesoscutellum trapezoidal, 0.72
<normalizedToken id="3517AA1C9258EBCE2BF110FEDAC17556" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as maximum width, weakly imbricate, with a few inconspicuous foveolae. Mesopleuron elongate and imbricate; anterior, upper and lower depressions absent; mesopleural pit absent. Lateral face of metapectal-propodeal complex imbricates entirely. Metapectal-propodeal complex in dorsal view weakly constricted behind propodeal spiracles and then widened again posteriad, without any distinct carinae which subdivide dorsal face; LP/WP = 2.16; dorsomedian face smooth and shining; median portion of propodeal declivity weakly transversely rugoso-scabrous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B66F96126066A23E2DB73FC3AC5E4716" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7CFEAFF13701FFC4CF74C6BB2FBC8C30" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B4F0B239EAA0BCC8C0451C4A4D583133" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Tergum II without longitudinal ridge and sulcus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EABDC500CF72AB140C0A6A3AD586C6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E99E1FFDEC0FA42098C57C430E5BA7AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14F1A9DCFA5976676237459E5B5B82CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="61B90127F14D94FD922EFA403F3F3398" accessionNumber="JT200820" collectingDate="2020-08-20" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="154" latitude="35.61972" location="Minami-osawa" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="139.20084" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Tokyo">
<emphasis id="D972BB7A86C65689143B1DB0D58654B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="FA8EA562DAA517C4D0678ED9E6A4DD02" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="E37CE433C05F9F0FBCF4468D9A2703C9" country="Japan" name="Tokyo">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A554F44543ADA455CA452DE637D42AB8" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
(
<accessionNumber id="D9AC052CE2969E215B02A89BB8017E43" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/JT200820">JT200820</accessionNumber>
_01, 05-07);
<location id="44754E64BA36BDB37316C8279EDDD681" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C:44754E64BA36BDB37316C8279EDDD681" country="Japan" latitude="35.61972" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="139.20084" name="Minami-osawa" stateProvince="Tokyo">Minami-osawa</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DAABFD0AFDF2D190B6E59BC3BC6FE49A" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="35.61972">35°37'11&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0530300F775EE2E9D3BE403154EC3F2A" degrees="139" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="139.20084">139°12'03&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="6C4B22AE64EE2D0746D7FCC0ECB328A1" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" unit="m" value="154.0">
<elevation id="7F9F3314C98C34E1AC5144FF2FDF5060" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" unit="m" value="154.0">154 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="9AF6630749F97FE0FAD51CBC7389F7B6">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="0D7F396B8C440858060C36B101254B2C" value="2020-08-20">20/VIII/2020</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="FAB7BC68963E6958FBBB0C8D460DD241" collectingDate="2012-08-25" collectingDateMax="2012-09-22" collectingDateMin="2012-08-25" collectorName="Kentaro Tsujii" country="Japan" location="Miyake-jima" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tokyo">
<specimenCount id="3152FBC79ED5D44C2F3B2D7532F74F52" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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<location id="F0F9316CE81486A874B7F023AC132687" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C:F0F9316CE81486A874B7F023AC132687" country="Japan" name="Miyake-jima" stateProvince="Tokyo">Miyake-jima</location>
;
<collectorName id="4AA0C89D137BD5DCC4EF10ABDC2B7C40">Kentaro Tsujii</collectorName>
leg.;
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<specimenCount id="76222EBEFABF50118760A94F0D95BABC" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
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_05, 07); Ohko-no-taki,
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,
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,
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alt.
<collectorName id="766EFE1D8F505C393BFF65EA7DEF3408">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="C4768A28E33F775D80F012F42FA04B4C" value="2021-09-22">22/IX/2021</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="7869104193BEACD0383FF1A08C39AA5A" accessionNumber="JO170808" collectingDate="2017-08-10" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="181" latitude="26.599445" location="Mt. Nago" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="128.01917" municipality="Okinawa-Hontou." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tokyo">
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<collectingMunicipality id="5A2ABD69C6A56BB912A10CDDAC04C07C">Okinawa-Hontou.</collectingMunicipality>
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<specimenCount id="52BE51FE816798CE9604200F6917E55B" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
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_05);
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,
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,
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,
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<elevation id="9A1F009980AC81FE9410332DDEA364BF" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" unit="m" value="181.0">181 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="2565834F26DE2434A50C89848615CF4D">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="167FDB7E652CE2C5F322489421CB82EC" value="2017-08-10">10/VIII/2017</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="09F9A5336F6EDFDE7C7B30503CF49853" accessionNumber="JO190717" collectingDate="2019-07-19" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="316" latitude="26.744722" location="Kunigami Vil." longLatPrecision="20" longitude="128.21944" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Tokyo">
<specimenCount id="F2970D4C9D0CC38A352E4633042C573F" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
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_13, 15);
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,
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,
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<elevation id="D1E3400FC6BD28C002317EA83A11E0EB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.16" unit="m" value="316.0">316 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="3ED9B2CDB3559038BA99774F9003EE06">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="AEFA3F68AD4F3CEFA48517B7B7832015" value="2019-07-19">19/VII/2019</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="DA811BB6BCE193C34EB8AA71B5F75DD0" accessionNumber="JA170808" collectingDate="2017-08-16" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="44" latitude="28.270277" location="Mt. Yuwan" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="129.32388" municipality="Amami-Oshima." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tokyo">
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<collectingMunicipality id="0EFC399C06B240A85B769785F07D1A2C">Amami-Oshima.</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="91E9D5663AD16850CF3CCD997A410665" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
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_13);
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,
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,
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<elevation id="194D4F2829673A19F2F44C3BCF79CE23" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" unit="m" value="44.0">44 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="D57CC0982A5034B965FEBFEA5BF3BB25">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="C923E44E33CD0D97810D0DB26A57F77A" value="2017-08-16">16/VIII/2017</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="54171FE32EC61A8A798A6BFBC54041AE" accessionNumber="JI170808" collectingDate="2017-08-12" collectingDateMax="2017-08-13" collectingDateMin="2017-08-12" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="93" latitude="24.441944" location="Mt. Omoto" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="124.09889" municipality="Ishigaki" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Tokyo">
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<collectingMunicipality id="D2BB4682BE50759A78A9FBBD83F812FC">Ishigaki</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="74C1079698FDEF3EE8FCE707117DB102" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">jima.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="88C87D8B2D44457DF25992688878BB00" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
(
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_28, 31, 35),
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,
<geoCoordinate id="E86CD6A8E9CF8A9D2BD4E3E1391C3AEE" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="24.441944">24°26'31&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
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<elevation id="2CEC223B26DF1648FA492C72DBEF3B4F" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="m" value="93.0">93 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="E9FAAAECF5932594D9678CB3D4226540">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="95C8BC14E58C566AC1FD6F6B21F66393" value="2017-08-12" valueMax="2017-08-13" valueMin="2017-08-12">12-13/VIII/2017</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="88094F970084A5BAA40E20687ABB51BF" collectingDate="2019-07-27" collectingDateMax="2019-07-28" collectingDateMin="2019-07-27" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Japan" elevation="33" latitude="24.396667" location="Tropical Biosphere Research Center" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="123.803055" municipality="Iriomote" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Tokyo">
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<collectingMunicipality id="C413BBAF184121E07ECA18C7BC0FE358">Iriomote</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="20B2FD04E6A7B243C46EEB11AA301460" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">jima.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="3F553A7216D1DF760DCB648776D0C41E" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(JIR190717_49, 54),
<location id="CCC4ED9C6EBF8501E07980BB860A3519" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C:CCC4ED9C6EBF8501E07980BB860A3519" country="Japan" latitude="24.396667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="123.803055" municipality="Iriomote" name="Tropical Biosphere Research Center" stateProvince="Tokyo">Tropical Biosphere Research Center</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B8995BFF6591B13792355226C509BEA6" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="24.396667">24°23'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
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<elevation id="D7AFB55FD54177E31ECDBF9B27507D39" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="CC930C57415C0D4BAC9D314EF9B6E51B">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="0F8BA1CA883AE20E4B700BD24BCEB43E" value="2019-07-27" valueMax="2019-07-28" valueMin="2019-07-27">27-28/VII/2019</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="9CEC67FB4CE11CF5665D54AC667ACF6C" collectingDate="2018-06-29" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Taiwan" elevation="778" latitude="24.903889" location="Mt." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="121.49611" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="New Taipei City">
<emphasis id="7BB069987573C6AC3CB18E4C9EF57927" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="5CD745ABE208C79279EA05F989B8229B" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
: N.
<collectingCountry id="B5D0B74B906D56363C6133BE64933214" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="C2EC6CE47B786B44928BB4DCAF627152" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
(TNT180629_03, 04, 09),
<location id="9DC9A89EC2D5C34A1CC2322B434DCAD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A3C338E9BA75C1ABDE16E935BC7927C:9DC9A89EC2D5C34A1CC2322B434DCAD6" country="Taiwan" latitude="24.903889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="121.49611" name="Mt." stateProvince="New Taipei City">Mt.</location>
ShiZaiTou,
<collectingRegion id="96DEE5A28BD18501890C8D905FCDD750" country="Taiwan" name="New Taipei">New Taipei City</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A70883647A738ED895F45576633CE10F" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="24.903889">24°54'14&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<quantity id="2B5969515ABFA4B3F26D23C7EA73014D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.779999999999999" unit="m" value="778.0">
<elevation id="A2030E110DEF8767CE4A073DED90273C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.779999999999999" unit="m" value="778.0">778 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="D5AD5A35A4789CBD7670A22E615133EB">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="B1934A8062C4BA75BDD3DCF5B0D9B39D" value="2018-06-29">29/VI/2018</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A86441DD87EEBEE4708AEEACB9936F41" collectingDate="2018-07-06" collectorName="HauChuan Liao" country="Taiwan" elevation="602" latitude="24.88139" location="Mt. Ta Tung" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="121.56861" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="New Taipei City">
<specimenCount id="31255E767840E0E6C1B445FD20E3F843" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
(TNT180706_01, 04, 06-08),
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,
<collectingRegion id="1824C62A2569ADE424FC45857454B281" country="Taiwan" name="New Taipei">New Taipei City</collectingRegion>
,
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,
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<elevation id="C574C93E2C5790E601C138DAF8BB3399" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.02" unit="m" value="602.0">602 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="DA965EEE148B60259DEB6FF42AB5359E">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="CEFB40D15A2AAD929860BD562FB28C56" value="2018-07-06">6/VII/2018</collectingDate>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="C1A9F2F3FB7A745000164EDC9B9EFE44" genus="C." lsidName="C." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">C.</taxonomicName>
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<collectingCountry id="75AFD5AC6F0BA844BC75A71B65736052" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
<specimenCount id="130136FD263D284B6C9FA016C4D1A748" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
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_40, 47);
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,
<collectingRegion id="7E1C545B7FECC1DA97C503407B725999" country="Taiwan" name="Nantou">Nantou County</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5EA289401D4DF81046DC3FDDD48D8D05" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="23.849167">23°50'57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
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<elevation id="95A1AA98CA2E4A224F7B2F47466E192D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" unit="m" value="92.0">92 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.
<collectorName id="A903DBAFA0361C80179F87AC19F5D596">HauChuan Liao</collectorName>
leg. (sweeping);
<collectingDate id="C1CFC0C5D554AF6EE6C1E5A3CE83B31C" value="2018-10-23">23/X/2018</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="60608ED5343B7F058F41046BF7A121D2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686047" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph id="351125F72D69023945C9ABB9B6F5F8BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DAA329848337C998B47C36CE1C956421" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
Sensilla placodea (red) and sensilla basiconica (blue) in female wasps, with SEM image.
<emphasis id="AC9D01D26080AE2764598820E5FCE316" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8F97451151F81505D343A28028816485" authorityName="Sawada, Terayama &amp; Mita" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Apenesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apenesia makiharai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makiharai">
<emphasis id="6E98DB60021BAA3A58BA3227F97DA96F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Apenesia makiharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<accessionNumber id="1BD48407A9B83450A6920147B69ACFFA" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/JO180206">JO180206</accessionNumber>
_01
<emphasis id="7254D3D382EA64061451A7BE05B0E805" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D9C5516E796CA0BE06AED379C085C669" baseAuthorityName="Terayama" baseAuthorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia takasago" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takasago">
<emphasis id="4DF42D039AB9A5B5D3A4F4814E9626EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia takasago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<accessionNumber id="D89B1A5E205FA872BD109BA2A640E1FE" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/TP170606">TP170606</accessionNumber>
_C2
<emphasis id="96C269C5B58A46244DBFEB0ACCF3940E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3C9E4E5A71C33681E318066BF2C94313" baseAuthorityName="Terayama, Xu &amp; He" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris zhejiangensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
<emphasis id="AB290A909FC8839E427D36FD6E3F91CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristepyris zhejiangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<accessionNumber id="5377E8CB57E5E6212A817FFF3443EC41" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/JM090717">JM090717</accessionNumber>
_28
<emphasis id="1EB9042EF7BAAA3AFA1D024810AEEF35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FA4B477F2F1543DE1B22C173050AD5CF" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" genus="Propristocera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Propristocera" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26D859036ED882E7AC5B1B715AB49954" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Propristocera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Scale bars:
<quantity id="A20CF08503C0E9E1F8C2C4F1DF26FFA9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
in light microscope images; 50
<normalizedToken id="2D314A0960B1012A057280A622ED5322" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in SEM images.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B32BDFBC44C4EDEBFF56F61B9E674E1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic remarks">
<paragraph id="D3665A1CD377D60B472AEE96AE7722F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="824A19AD243F3959266F97AEA8DAEF8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Due to the new combination of &quot;
<taxonomicName id="A6FC2BF4226DB8855AAF581F6EBC21A7" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris minutus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="C23BF7F46BB1C839D98F71A943DEE309" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristepyris minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; to the genus
<taxonomicName id="7F65794924C8DB1808079C7598EA2197" genus="Elganesia" lsidName="Elganesia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="328A8468535221681DBD92A855FD0792" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Elganesia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the &quot;Key to Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="D98285FD5F0B1C7464FB71780BE6B595" authorityName="Alencar &amp; Azevedo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Eleganesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleganesia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4C15492429D6332020F85FB7F4E4DD6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eleganesia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on male morphology&quot; given in
<bibRefCitation id="1F293D0B4453B1FEC78ABAB6DD379913" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2021.07.010" author="Liao, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="62 - 79" refId="B23" refString="Liao, H, Terayama, M, Eguchi, K, 2021. Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Eleganesia Alencar &amp; Azevedo, 2018 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger 294: 62 - 79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2021.07.010" title="Revision of Taiwanese and Ryukyuan species of Eleganesia Alencar &amp; Azevedo, 2018 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2021.07.010" volume="294" year="2021">Liao et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
is updated and given as Appendix 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8079943B3395FB9517CFCC06004D8BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype of &quot;
<taxonomicName id="2181435760DFB82347805562DD4090DA" authorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Liao &amp; Terayama &amp; Eguchi" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Pristepyris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristepyris takasago" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takasago">
<emphasis id="1E704E4AAB3EE71AB1EEEDA827548E5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pristepyris takasago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; was unable to be discriminated morphologically from
<taxonomicName id="5C2D6F90785C23B8D9823EB853E36C8D" lsidName="E. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="E9563C04BE5A9052AC8205378023A419" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including the holotype). Therefore, the former is herein synonymised under the latter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00A7BF293E2AB4CEE147A9E8843C2C8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In the present phylogenetic tree (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0E578BC98C21360609751E0126A5FE26" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. ML tree based on the 28 S + COI dataset (1,075 bp in length). Ultrafast bootstrap (UFB), SH-aLRT and posterior probability (pp) values are given beside the nodes. The values were omitted when UFB &lt;95, SH-aLRT &lt;80 and pp &lt;0.90. Tips are labelled with specimen ID. Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolis; Yakushima, Yakushima Island; Amami, Amami-Oshima Island; Okinawa, Okinawa-Hontou Island; Irabu, Irabu-jima Island; N. Taiwan, Northern Taiwan; C. Taiwan, Central Taiwan; E. Taiwan, Eastern Taiwan; S. Taiwan, Southern Taiwan." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686031" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="5734888BCCCB3AB907DF7688FCB7158D" lsidName="E. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="559877AFB01C1313C30982E755521B23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was subdivided into three (or four) lineages, i.e. Lineage
<normalizedToken id="2CED054460B957BAA74023EDF6787933" originalValue="“X”">&quot;X&quot;</normalizedToken>
from the Kanto area of Japan to Okinawa-Hontou;
<normalizedToken id="5780CB6C792ECC57503CFE7E6CA075BE" originalValue="“Y”">&quot;Y&quot;</normalizedToken>
from Ishigaki-jima to Taiwan and
<normalizedToken id="ECA82A678DF498C3BD25DF05F35E88E4" originalValue="“Z”">&quot;Z&quot;</normalizedToken>
from Taiwan. The lineages also showed differences in the shape of the lobate extension of the ventral valve of aedeagus (Lineage X as in Fig.
<figureCitation id="68A661AF120369F466038FB392FB6DC1" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C, D; Y</figureCitation>
as Fig.
<figureCitation id="29C9FD4149C7DC3D08225B66697FD9EB" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17E, F; Z</figureCitation>
as Fig.
<figureCitation id="FBE23C537294111491E01B7E5EB79D2F" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male genitalia A, C (JO 190717 _ 13) from Okinawa-Hontou Island B (holotype) D (JA 170808 _ 13) from Amami-Oshima Island E (JI 170808 _ 31) F (JI 170808 _ 35) from Ishigaki-jima Island G (TNT 180706 _ 01) H (TNT 180706 _ 06) from Taiwan A hypopygium B, C, E, G genitalia (and aedeagus) in ventral view D, F, H aedeagus in outer-lateral view; arrows show morphological variation in ventral valve of aedeagus. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686045" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17G, H</figureCitation>
). However, there was no remarkable difference among them in external morphology and hypopygium (excluding weak variation in head sculpture as seen in Figs
<figureCitation id="2D2D80886CF811FCBD98677B0156B599" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male, holotype A head in full-face view B antenna (right) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view F Forewing G hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686042" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="065C87D086081DF6A4524254119264A1" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Eleganesia minuta comb. nov., male A, C-H JO 190717 _ 13 B JIR 190717 _ 54 A, B head in full-face view C antenna (left) D mandible E mesosoma in lateral view F mesosoma in dorsal view G forewing H hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7CE692D2A67866326D7BCC0F2D0E0E1" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. &quot; Pristepyris takasago &quot;, male, holotype A head in full-face view B antenna (right) C mandible D mesosoma in lateral view E mesosoma in dorsal view F forewing G hindwing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1102.84953.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686044" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16A</figureCitation>
) and also no differences in the 28S sequence (Table
<tableCitation id="966BA0936522157DBE23FCA0D46C8855" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. The minimal interspecific distances calculated, based on the 28 S and COI sequence datasets. Upper diagonal shows the distance in K 2 P model and lower diagonal shows the distance in p distance (%). N, number of specimens; max p, maximum p distance within the species; max K 2 P, maximum distance in K 2 P model within the species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/224A1219C865C292CBAAF01B80A632BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="224A1219C865C292CBAAF01B80A632BD">2</tableCitation>
). As the lineages were parapatric or allopatric in the area of Taiwan and the Ryukyus, in the present study, the Lineage X, Y and Z are conspecific and treated as
<taxonomicName id="6AFD2113780BC94D49CDC2105B338EA0" lsidName="E. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="CDD7861F57C2C2F12A7856FD0990DDD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it is also possible that further taxon sampling and integrative taxonomy may reveal several cryptic species within
<taxonomicName id="B0E48D06BFF1A78E3BE5D443DA87A360" lsidName="E. minuta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="26F46DBFFE5B1DBCFADFF93D9FD53979" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and determine one of them as &quot;
<taxonomicName id="49B90D789E72B3B60C783F329A293F6E" lsidName="E. takasago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="takasago">
<emphasis id="2D64B45FCB0DA1A3A8D4C843C5EB6E47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. takasago</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; (see also
<normalizedToken id="96F72D0A9307BC2DC67233B84EAFB581" originalValue="“Discussion”">&quot;Discussion&quot;</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F58D3C20B11287BAC2BF1342F027CE6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9CB04125E6DFEF2B01B2FDD70115595F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE992363E0278FD610F58858AB13A65F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Hokkaido to Ryukyus in Japan (
<bibRefCitation id="46F4CAC356EE2C9CFBAA3B5E89785D99" author="Terayama, M" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo Co, Fukuoka, Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B34" refString="Terayama, M, 2006. The Insects of Japan (Hymenoptera), Vol. 1. Touka Shobo Co, Fukuoka, Japan" title="The Insects of Japan (Hymenoptera), Vol. 1." year="2006">Terayama 2006</bibRefCitation>
), northern South Korea (
<bibRefCitation id="F14F4BC65C20FCAACEF9432D63912C58" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2010.534191" author="Lim, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="435 - 460" refId="B24" refString="Lim, J, Terayama, M, Koh, S, Lee, J, Lee, S, 2011. A taxonomic review of the subfamily Pristocerinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae) from Korea with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Natural History 45 (7-8): 435 - 460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2010.534191" title="A taxonomic review of the subfamily Pristocerinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae) from Korea with descriptions of two new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2010.534191" volume="45" year="2011">Lim et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
), northern and central Taiwan; evergreen broadleaf forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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