1963 lines
386 KiB
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1963 lines
386 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1E2C4C5F1CAE21FF6CEAB3C4B48642F9">Revealing two centuries of confusion: new insights on nomenclature and systematic position of Argyrogena fasciolata (Shaw, 1802) (auctt.), with description of a new species from India (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="EC46ABC61947D6895DCDCBE12DA0FDF7">Department of Zoology, Assam Don Bosco University, Tapesia garden, Kamarkuchi, Sonapur, Tepesia, Assam - 782402, India</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="578FDE4A8F085514842A75FD8A07C135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:578FDE4A8F085514842A75FD8A07C135" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/578FDE4A8F085514842A75FD8A07C135" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" scope_class="Squamata" scope_family="Colubridae">
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<taxonomicName id="70CFB4F5B46F0D3A9FDAB9150D194058" LSID="578FDE4A-8F08-5514-842A-75FD8A07C135" authority="(Merrem, 1820) comb. nov. - Banded racer" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">Platyceps plinii (Merrem, 1820) comb. nov. - Banded racer</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="A0123AC596926957CA10D461597306E0" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Coluber</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation id="B56CE9C18495A101CA6D6E1C5C51D47D" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell 1796</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 34-35, pl. 29 [reproduced here in Fig.
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<figureCitation id="24189CE8EAD13BD5FAEE1C4988053BFF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. A. Lectotype of Natrix plinii Merrem, 1820, " Patza Tutta " from " Casemcottah " reproduced from Russell (1796, pl. 29), and B. " Die halbbandierte Natte Bechstein (1802, pl. 44, fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542387" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">5 A</figureCitation>
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], "Patza Tutta", from
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<normalizedToken id="0494923AD1729A1008B3768F2438F446" originalValue="“Casemcottah”">"Casemcottah"</normalizedToken>
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[=Kasimkota village Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh state, India; see Note 1], two specimens coll. Captain Gowdie and Lieutenant Whyte;
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<bibRefCitation id="46289BAA9126B49DDDC8AC58FA10FE20" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B21" refString="Anonymous, 1796. [? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665-1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." title="[? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665 - 1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." year="1796">Anonymous 1796</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 1667, "Patza Tutta";
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<bibRefCitation id="0D91F6C32A644201BD49A909F463510F" author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 54" refId="B152" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1798. Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen. Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften 1 (3): 1 - 54" title="Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen." volume="1" year="1798">Gmelin 1798</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 26, "Patza Tutta";
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<bibRefCitation id="16BE8E48DBE2BA887B51968BCB0EFD6A" author="Bechstein, JM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B36" refString="Bechstein, JM, 1802. Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx+298 pp., 48 pls." title="Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx + 298 pp., 48 pls." year="1802">Bechstein 1802</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 273 f., pl. 44, fig. 2, "Die halbbandierte Natter" or "Patza Tutta" [reproduced here in Fig.
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<figureCitation id="D164EB71522EFCC210A958109444EBC4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. A. Lectotype of Natrix plinii Merrem, 1820, " Patza Tutta " from " Casemcottah " reproduced from Russell (1796, pl. 29), and B. " Die halbbandierte Natte Bechstein (1802, pl. 44, fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542387" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">5 B</figureCitation>
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];
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<bibRefCitation id="4A6A896E8DB837A7BBB3E25CC96F5780" author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B153" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1809. A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W. Lewis, London" title="A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W." year="1809">Gmelin 1809</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 685 f. "Patza Tutta";
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<bibRefCitation id="3A2E8FC044DF2E5C2C40A400F23AE550" author="Wilkes, J" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B411" refString="Wilkes, J, 1810. Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1)+(2)+911+(1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47-62]." title="Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1) + (2) + 911 + (1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47 - 62]." year="1810">Wilkes 1810</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 813 "Patza tutta"; Buhle et al. 1835, p. 97, "Die halbbandierte Natter, (Patza Tutta)".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59AB0EE749F7EB070DD9BE17D7E9782A" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName id="084D6656DD2674778CC6E2A78C5F8391" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">Coluber pictus</taxonomicName>
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Daudin, 1803, p. 347-349, "La Coleuvre Peinte", type locality "Casem-Cottah, au Bengale", based on
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<bibRefCitation id="1671D8BD20C1931B5955CBE93BF85BA4" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
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(1796
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, p. 34-35, pl. 29) account of "Patza Tutta", holotype not located;
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<bibRefCitation id="F3B753CA3A864DDD05CF6AABD380D096" author="Cuvier, G" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Medical Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B79" refString="Cuvier, G, Dumeril, AMC, 1818. Coleuvre, Coluber. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, [etc.], XI. Cos-Cris., 170-216." title="Coleuvre, Coluber. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, [etc.], XI. Cos-Cris., 170 - 216." year="1818">
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Cuvier and
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1818
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, p. 190,
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<normalizedToken id="AA014A99CD3158CCE6ACD0A33FD98C36" originalValue="“patza-tutta”">"patza-tutta"</normalizedToken>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0DFF24ADE2A76908A3A6BEB043D1063F" author="Boie, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B48" refString="Boie, F, 1827. Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20(6): col. 508-566." title="Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1 te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20 (6): col. 508 - 566." year="1827">Boie 1827</bibRefCitation>
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, col. 524;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="10A47524618DCE49A988082917AB9950" author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pt. Descriptive, p. 172;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="02308969AF8A90C43DD672F14E6280D0" author="Traill, TS" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B371" refString="Traill, TS, 1843. (1843) Essay on the physiognomy of Serpents. By H. Schlegel [etc.]. - Maclachlan, Steward and Co., Edinburgh, vii+254+(1) pp., 2 pls., 1 map. [English translation of the "Partie Generale" of Schlegel (1837)]." title="(1843) Essay on the physiognomy of Serpents. By H. Schlegel [etc.]. - Maclachlan, Steward and Co., Edinburgh, vii + 254 + (1) pp., 2 pls., 1 map. [English translation of the " Partie Generale " of Schlegel (1837)]." year="1843">Traill 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 148;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C61BAAEDA5F87119E6F5B8F1E3CEF33C" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor 1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 67;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5812CA91B0F29D3E86ACDA5EF8206C7" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">Cantor 1847b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 913;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9934469864D952ADD1A26659033F2E28" author="Jerdon, TC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B190" refString="Jerdon, TC, 1853. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22(5): 462-479, (6): 522-534." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22 (5): 462 - 479, (6): 522 - 534." year="1853">Jerdon 1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0EACF41130D36137B6964503B5DCAFA4" author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B44" refString="Blyth, E, 1854. Report of the Curator. Zoological Department. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1853] 22(4): 408-417." title="Report of the Curator. Zoological Department. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1853] 22 (4): 408 - 417." year="1854">Blyth 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 416;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4896F70BF71ACDA6A5B245E2F520784C" author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B45" refString="Blyth, E, 1855a. Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23(3): 287-302." title="Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23 (3): 287 - 302." year="1855 a">Blyth 1855a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 292 [nec
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB1DA08C913EAAED31A95237CE4439A5" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">Coluber pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gmelin, 1789, p. 1116; nec
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F003DF4598955D147B27E288B9F32B" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">Coluber pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Georgi, 1801, p. 1883; nec
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79EF8C8853130D3D33118DE9386129D4" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">Coluber pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pallas, 1814, p. 54 [sic], 45; nec
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB1B1420B33562CFFDA33B194DDB1A68" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">Coluber pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Theobald, 1868a, p. 45; all primary homonyms].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9CD16A206CB01037DA0A3238FCC002C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92596FF50E0F7EB23BD0524EF5FE965D" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Natrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FF487D9910C7A70200737BD2D740D81" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Natrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B8DFC162B01237DE70A3B25B567F510" family="Colubridae" genus="Plinii" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Plinii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem, 1820, p. 101 f., "halbbandierte [Natter]", type locality
|
||
<normalizedToken id="86E71B9C564F910025A718D9A248ED30" originalValue="“Bengalen”">"Bengalen"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, restricted here to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9D6E1B6B41C5A83A253A074D5EDF6255" originalValue="“Casemcottah”">"Casemcottah"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(= Kasimkota village, Andhra Pradesh state, India; see Appendix Note 1), based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="666C1A84CA80DCAA700CB4B6C5B7F22E" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F9429DEE6222BB6B11136BEBF9BB01EB" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34-35 pl. 29) account of "Patza Tutta", type material not located, lectotype by present designation: specimen depicted on plate 29 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16A6BDE9745B8CFB561422659FF2661C" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A910BA34F2CEE9992BA56E2E6BEE9989" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B22" refString="Anonymous, 1822. Tentamen Systematics Amphibiorum. Auctore Blasio Merrem. Isis von Oken 1(4): col. 688-704. [review of Merrem (1820)]." title="Tentamen Systematics Amphibiorum. Auctore Blasio Merrem. Isis von Oken 1 (4): col. 688 - 704. [review of Merrem (1820)]." year="1822">Anonymous 1822</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, col. 693.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="476C28D0F695C6ACBE8408F1F51B4068" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF1EB213662480A63A1625AD6C5B6B56" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">Coluber plinii</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB436A74F02736045A66AF312193EAD8" author="Boie, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B48" refString="Boie, F, 1827. Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20(6): col. 508-566." title="Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1 te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20 (6): col. 508 - 566." year="1827">Boie 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, col. 524;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BAACB6430A21B7109E575AE7E9711205" author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pt. Descriptive, p. 172;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C09C3C7D744CD218C218474B7FB7CD67" author="Traill, TS" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B371" refString="Traill, TS, 1843. (1843) Essay on the physiognomy of Serpents. By H. Schlegel [etc.]. - Maclachlan, Steward and Co., Edinburgh, vii+254+(1) pp., 2 pls., 1 map. [English translation of the "Partie Generale" of Schlegel (1837)]." title="(1843) Essay on the physiognomy of Serpents. By H. Schlegel [etc.]. - Maclachlan, Steward and Co., Edinburgh, vii + 254 + (1) pp., 2 pls., 1 map. [English translation of the " Partie Generale " of Schlegel (1837)]." year="1843">Traill 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 148;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7542F182609514C35B7071C3E66FC35E" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor 1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 67;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8E3CB8C8141B09ACFA10D9862B90964B" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">Cantor 1847b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 913;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3CAB811065670C74889B034F2C8AD93B" author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B45" refString="Blyth, E, 1855a. Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23(3): 287-302." title="Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23 (3): 287 - 302." year="1855 a">Blyth 1855a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 292;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC2E9203F589775B4AD552689BAB5926" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 219 [wrongly attributed as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="321CF9B97D7211AFA2E44BBE9C7B8549" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">D. pictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gmelin].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C56BC61BBFAAB28181A83E2B15022CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57AD5A7F6B2705CC519A0F8E353F6A7F" authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">Coluber curvirostris</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cantor, 1839: 51, type locality
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F8579BC199E199E74ADDDC6370559EC3" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, holotype not located, an unpublished original sketch depicting the iconotype is kept in the Bodleian Library (Oxford, U.K.), [reproduced here in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="764B8C14DFF7F7D94672F33BF28B2E04" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. Previously unpublished original painting (no. 7) of the holotype of Coluber curvirostris Cantor, 1839 from Cantor's original manuscript entitled " Indian Serpents-Innocuous-Collected, figured & described (1831 - 1837) ", kept in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U. K. (see Appendix, Note 2). Reproduced with permission from the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542389" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">7</figureCitation>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A04BAB86071E2FAD77FF45DD95079B3" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B57" refString="Cantor, T, 1841. Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. The Calcutta Journal of Natural History 1: 76-79+80-86 [reprint of Cantor 1839]." title="Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. The Calcutta Journal of Natural History 1: 76 - 79 + 80 - 86 [reprint of Cantor 1839]." year="1841">Cantor 1841</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 82.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DC14E85F5C2397402E505C6EA64AA570" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8912C6F06CF0DDAB2AB3F5A247838AA4" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coluber fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A999BBF10B8F3335C5E026348F78C1BD" author="Mason, F" journalOrPublisher="IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B243" refString="Mason, F, 1861. Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii+913 pp. [second edition]" title="Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii + 913 pp. [second edition]" year="1861">Mason 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 708;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41E0FECACAA1CA89B197E1696FFB1B18" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B348" refString="Smith, MA, 1928. The status of some recently described genera and species of snakes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1(4): 494-497." title="The status of some recently described genera and species of snakes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1 (4): 494 - 497." year="1928">Smith 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 495;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="55C464D0D1B1BDA7E1F508290ED3A7F6" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 170, [partim], p. 529 [partim, Hardwicke sketches vol. II, plate 62, 63 only, the latter reproduced here in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F884BB69C5522F97B7CEAF59730FCCAD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. Previously unpublished original colour-painting from the Thomas Hardwicke collection of sketches (Volume II, sketch 63) kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. (see also Smith 1943, p. 529). Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542390" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">8</figureCitation>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA696AFACCDE8DB3C240FC42875C82D6" author="Constable, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="59 - 160" refId="B74" refString="Constable, JD, 1949. Reptiles from the Indian Peninsula in the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy 103 (2): 59 - 160" title="Reptiles from the Indian Peninsula in the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy." volume="103" year="1949">Constable 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 127;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="138DD0C0946035CE43F8D1273E62A05A" author="Taylor, EH" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="519 - 603" refId="B361" refString="Taylor, EH, 1950. A brief review of Ceylonese snakes. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 33 (14): 519 - 603" title="A brief review of Ceylonese snakes." volume="33" year="1950">Taylor 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 546;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="22E39FC1F1EDA7D00563D74CE216DB89" author="Deranyiagala, PEP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B103" refString="Deranyiagala, PEP, 1955. A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Volume three. Serpentoid reptilia. Government Press, Colombo, vii+(1)+49 pls. +(5)+121 pp." title="A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Volume three. Serpentoid reptilia. Government Press, Colombo, vii + (1) + 49 pls. + (5) + 121 pp." year="1955">Deranyiagala 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 25;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="01B8444510CD7F10CECDD837FBF2FBB8" author="Minton, SA [jr]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B249" refString="Minton, SA [jr], 1962. An annotated key to the amphibians and reptiles of Sind and Las Bela, West Pakistan. American Museum Novitates 2081: 1 - 60" title="An annotated key to the amphibians and reptiles of Sind and Las Bela, West Pakistan." volume="2081" year="1962">Minton 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 17;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B4A73AF35F8E7F7987C29FE49596207" author="Swan, LW" journalOrPublisher="," pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="103 - 147" refId="B359" refString="Swan, LW, Leviton, AE, 1962. The herpetology of Nepal: A history, checklist, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 4. Ser., 32 (6): 103 - 147" title="The herpetology of Nepal: A history, checklist, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 4. Ser." volume="32" year="1962">Swan and Leviton 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 140;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F2CC8A74ADB86C85A44CCBE9C9A1A48" author="Anderson, JA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="161 - 171" refId="B19" refString="Anderson, JA, 1964. A report on the Gecko Teratolepis fasciata (Blyth, 1853). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 61 (1): 161 - 171" title="A report on the Gecko Teratolepis fasciata (Blyth, 1853)." volume="61" year="1964">Anderson 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 163;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="349789DB5C66CC97673DB9A7604DF041" author="Minton, SA [jr]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B250" refString="Minton, SA [jr], 1966. A contribution of the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 134(2): 27-184, pl. 9-36." title="A contribution of the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 134 (2): 27 - 184, pl. 9 - 36." year="1966">Minton 1966</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 123;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8BD97FDF25D687CF6D7DCE3EB00399B1" author="Underwood, G" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B373" refString="Underwood, G, 1967. A contribution to the classification of snakes. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), x+179 pp." title="A contribution to the classification of snakes. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), x + 179 pp." year="1967">Underwood 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 134;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A800CE68FBF15C184FEB0B09E84E1C9" author="Mertens, R" journalOrPublisher="Stuttgarter Beitraege zur Naturkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B246" refString="Mertens, R, 1969. Die Amphibien und Reptilien West-Pakistans. Stuttgarter Beitraege zur Naturkunde 197: 1 - 96" title="Die Amphibien und Reptilien West-Pakistans." volume="197" year="1969">Mertens 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 54;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="96078F5AC53CFB27342E04624F1EE714" author="Singh, L" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="185 - 236" refId="B345" refString="Singh, L, 1972. Evolution of karyotypes in snakes. Chromosoma 38: 185 - 236" title="Evolution of karyotypes in snakes." volume="38" year="1972">Singh 1972</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 190 [as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0007697225ED19DF3B74813FCA3E8FC" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">Coluber fasciolata</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="18A85E059045810BDE55F601EBB9EC77" author="Waltner, RC" journalOrPublisher="Cheetal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="14 - 19" refId="B399" refString="Waltner, RC, 1973. Geographical and altitudinal distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the Himalayas (Part 3). Cheetal 16 (3): 14 - 19" title="Geographical and altitudinal distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the Himalayas (Part 3)." volume="16" year="1973">Waltner 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 15;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4908F138BDB01ED8E413606C0DA991" author="Sharma, RC" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination=": 171" refId="B334" refString="Sharma, RC, Diksit, VK, 1976. Occurrence of Banded Racer, Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes. Colubridae) in Rajasthan. Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India 2 (4): 171" title="Occurrence of Banded Racer, Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes. Colubridae) in Rajasthan." volume="2" year="1976">Sharma and Diksit 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 171;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D36D40CF109EBF517F1A5ADED02D25E7" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Biologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="145 - 157" refId="B208" refString="Khan, MS, 1977. Checklist and key to the snakes of Jhang District, Punjab, Pakistan. Biologia 23 (2): 145 - 157" title="Checklist and key to the snakes of Jhang District, Punjab, Pakistan." volume="23" year="1977">Khan 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 147; de Silva, P.H.D.H. 1980, p. 256 f;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70318E6F1FED935E42E2675EB90EC985" author="Mahendra, BC" journalOrPublisher="The Annales of Zoology, Agra - 2 (India), 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B237" refString="Mahendra, BC, 1984. Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. The Annales of Zoology, Agra - 2 (India), 22" title="Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh, and Pakistan." year="1984">Mahendra 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 289;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62E83A61E262021A54F0EB9EB54541E1" author="Shrestha, RL" journalOrPublisher="Tribhuvan University, Natural History Museum, Kathmandu" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B338" refString="Shrestha, RL, Shah, KB, 1985. Nepalka sarpaharu [Snakes of Nepal]. Tribhuvan University, Natural History Museum, Kathmandu" title="Nepalka sarpaharu [Snakes of Nepal]." year="1985">Shrestha and Shah 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 51;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B5F4F5F11567904A94A0CCF77E42F542" author="Amr, ZS" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="179 - 266" refId="B15" refString="Amr, ZS, Disi, AM, 2011. Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan. Vertebrate Zoology 61 (2): 179 - 266" title="Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan." volume="61" year="2011">Amr and Disi 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 191.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7CD210E69B80DE615060995CB827DBCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19C389ACDCB33CA258B980943B5AEDE3" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1827" family="Colubridae" genus="Coronella" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coronella baliodeira" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="baliodeira">Coronella baliodeira</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="111C53C70C6C2F758558C38CE4830662" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor 1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 67 [partim, "Patza Tutta"];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="586CB246DB9964F14393287A26A18A7D" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">Cantor 1847b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 913 [partim, "Patza Tutta"], [non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9591A68119E5F43E14A6CB9A52FB748" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1827" family="Colubridae" genus="Coronella" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coronella baliodeira" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="baliodeira">Coronella baliodeira</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boie, 1827].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="22BA495E28377BE6ACF570CF8298F5E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="680F44A266EFC9DA6B65D830F206087E" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coryphodon fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6276ADC34F3E6D8FA7414B007881AC97" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B160" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1858. Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi+281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." title="Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi + 281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." year="1858">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9EDD0069B554931255F4394343880B7" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1858
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 109 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A681C1302EEEF9B6BAFE7361B336E78F" author="Beddome, RH" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B37" refString="Beddome, RH, 1862. Notes upon the land and fresh-water snakes of the Madras presidency. The Madras Quarterly Journal of Medical Science 5: 1-31, pl. 2." title="Notes upon the land and fresh-water snakes of the Madras presidency. The Madras Quarterly Journal of Medical Science 5: 1 - 31, pl. 2." year="1862">Beddome 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 16 f. [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3A5D03FEF313DF3B233EADC20A6DD2F" author="Cope, ED" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="337 - 344" refId="B76" refString="Cope, ED, 1863. Notes upon some reptiles of the Old World. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14 (1862): 337 - 344" title="Notes upon some reptiles of the Old World." volume="14" year="1863">Cope 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 338;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3B9265ACAB1775407BA38A533750E622" author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B156" refString="Gray, JE, 1863. Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii+90 pp." title="Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii + 90 pp." year="1863">Gray 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 83;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="726966F4DA513A37FE1F014F72A553C3" author="Jan, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B189" refString="Jan, G, 1863. Elenco sistematico degli ofidi descritti e disegnati per l'Iconografia generale. A. Lombardi, Milano, vii+143 pp." title="Elenco sistematico degli ofidi descritti e disegnati per l'Iconografia generale. A. Lombardi, Milano, vii + 143 pp." year="1863">Jan 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 64 [partim].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="849A97739CFB9B1D7935178DBBBB0070" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2E9725652FB425FBB3FD05BFF8CAE60" family="Colubridae" genus="Tyria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tyria" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Tyria</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="492DD923C0DFDF3E03E8E8F280D01D6C" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">Coluber fasciolata</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E8E25AFB91B76D89B3C7766E7BA133E4" author="Cope, ED" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="337 - 344" refId="B76" refString="Cope, ED, 1863. Notes upon some reptiles of the Old World. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14 (1862): 337 - 344" title="Notes upon some reptiles of the Old World." volume="14" year="1863">Cope 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 338.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D0F122364E0010EA5C0FCD3681CA0D3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD13A96748515457768B1A361B7B9415" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" family="Colubridae" genus="Zamenis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zamenis fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Zamenis fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC469FCAFB4B4535428E93A091CF9E8C" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EAFD83C8DC6375F61D7E35E7C6BDE10A" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1864
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 254 f., [partim]. pl. 21, fig. F;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6717296CA63ACCA87E7386B786A17FFF" author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B365" refString="Theobald, W, 1868a. Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Extra Number, vi+82 pp., Appendix i-iii." title="Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Extra Number, vi + 82 pp., Appendix i-iii." year="1868 a">Theobald 1868a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 47;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D484CB5B79A69E2D683614999AE7D0C9" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Annual Report and List of Accessions" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="43 - 46" refId="B23" refString="Anonymous, 1870. Accessions to the Museum in July 1870 II. Reptilia. Indian Museum. Annual Report and List of Accessions 1870: 43 - 46" title="Accessions to the Museum in July 1870 II. Reptilia. Indian Museum." volume="1870" year="1870">Anonymous 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 46;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7582FBC02F7AA5B2961FD09804340AD2" author="Anderson, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="12 - 39" refId="B17" refString="Anderson, J, 1871. A list of the reptilian accession to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, from 1865 to 1870, with a description of some new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II) 40 (1): 12 - 39" title="A list of the reptilian accession to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, from 1865 to 1870, with a description of some new species." volume="40" year="1871">Anderson 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7EA9E33C0B08FA5D04B99103E0C4B3B" author="Stoliczka, F" journalOrPublisher="Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B357" refString="Stoliczka, F, 1871a. Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians (Abstract). Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, September issue: 191-192." title="Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians (Abstract). Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, September issue: 191 - 192." year="1871 a">Stoliczka 1871a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 191;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9519DD4D38A30EA138E07DFFCD66ED63" author="Stoliczka, F" journalOrPublisher="Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B358" refString="Stoliczka, F, 1871b. Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40(2): 421-445, pl. 25+26." title="Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40 (2): 421 - 445, pl. 25 + 26." year="1871 b">Stoliczka 1871b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 431;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E153513A5F9068A7CE4BC18AD76B3994" author="Nicholson, E" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon Journal of Science, Section D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B265" refString="Nicholson, E, 1874. Indian Snakes. An elementary treatise on ophiology with a descriptive catalogue of the snakes found in India and the adjoining countries. Higginbotham & Co., Madras, 8+188 pp., 22 pls. [second edition]." title="Indian Snakes. An elementary treatise on ophiology with a descriptive catalogue of the snakes found in India and the adjoining countries. Higginbotham & Co., Madras, 8 + 188 pp., 22 pls. [second edition]." year="1874">Nicholson 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 87, pl. 13, fig. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="452D43BFCFABE5403B5E0918BA64C3DB" author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B367" refString="Theobald, W, 1876. Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1-238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." title="Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1 - 238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." year="1876">Theobald 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 170 f. [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="198EB0825956CE1ABC8647E3FD1873BA" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Annual Report and List of Accessions" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="40 - 45" refId="B24" refString="Anonymous, 1877. Accessions to the Indian Museum from 1st April 1876 to 31st March 1877. Reptilia, Amphibia. Indian Museum. Annual Report and List of Accessions 1877: 40 - 45" title="Accessions to the Indian Museum from 1 st April 1876 to 31 st March 1877. Reptilia, Amphibia. Indian Museum." volume="1877" year="1877">Anonymous 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 44;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A60FF688D46993E9DC76661E7615D19E" author="Ferguson, W" journalOrPublisher="Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B126" refString="Ferguson, W, 1877. Reptile fauna of Ceylon. Letter on a collection sent to the Colombo Museum. William Henry Herbert, Govt. Printer, Colombo" title="Reptile fauna of Ceylon. Letter on a collection sent to the Colombo Museum. William Henry Herbert, Govt." year="1877">Ferguson 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 19;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70C50E439D85519FEDFF2A1C81952358" author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="110 - 116" refId="B43" refString="Blanford, WT, 1879. Notes on a collection of reptiles and frogs from the neighbourhood of Ellore and Dumagudem. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II) 48 (12): 110 - 116" title="Notes on a collection of reptiles and frogs from the neighbourhood of Ellore and Dumagudem." volume="48" year="1879">Blanford 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 114;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E5BA7D8E07EF585F73F373047A0814FE" author="Mueller, F" journalOrPublisher="Verhandelungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="274 - 299" refId="B255" refString="Mueller, F, 1884. Dritter Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums. Verhandelungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 7 (2): 274 - 299" title="Dritter Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums." volume="7" year="1884">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBFC2020E3A44467311A4A2A1A1E5E17" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
1884
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 285;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6BA43181FD72A6A11B4267136C6E27EE" author="Phipson, HM" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B282" refString="Phipson, HM, 1886. Catalogue of snakes in the society's collection. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society [1886] 1: 84-86." title="Catalogue of snakes in the society's collection. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society [1886] 1: 84 - 86." year="1886">Phipson 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 84;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62A8DBFEDF332D6C86BFD1722F02E5E9" author="Haly, A" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B167" refString="Haly, A, 1886. First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." title="First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." year="1886">Haly 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 10;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9927714F7B818EB8EF2D8E1595F0E265" author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B50" refString="Boulenger, G, 1890. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii+541 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii + 541 pp." year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 327 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79E8E848960F903A85888C367F11E8A6" author="Haly, A" journalOrPublisher="The Government Printing Works, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B168" refString="Haly, A, 1891. Report on the collection of reptilia & batrachia in the Colombo Museum. The Government Printing Works, Colombo" title="Report on the collection of reptilia & batrachia in the Colombo Museum." year="1891">Haly 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 3, 21;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="96276DBB1122D64598AEA25CD2E7512B" author="Sclater, W" journalOrPublisher="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B315" refString="Sclater, W, 1891. List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, x+79 pp." title="List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, x + 79 pp." year="1891">Sclater 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 28;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3558D2373F919A78BAD4290A66465D8C" author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 404 [partim]; Bethencourt Ferreira 1897, p. 225;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4395175A48B8FA5B8672136EDD80A5CE" author="Cardew, AG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="585 - 596" refId="B61" refString="Cardew, AG, 1897. A rough key to the identification of Indian ophidia. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 10 (4): 585 - 596" title="A rough key to the identification of Indian ophidia." volume="10" year="1897">Cardew 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 593;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4F20A833D0A72A3F2D8E07CA4EF016C6" author="Willey, A" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 234" refId="B412" refString="Willey, A, 1906. Terrestrial Colubridae of Ceylon. Spolia Zeylanica 3: 227 - 234" title="Terrestrial Colubridae of Ceylon." volume="3" year="1906">Willey 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 233;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4467F67B484450E4B18FCB5E6832BD21" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="101 - 129" refId="B390" refString="Wall, F, 1907. Notes on Snakes collected in Fyzabad. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 18 (1): 101 - 129" title="Notes on Snakes collected in Fyzabad." volume="18" year="1907">Wall 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 115; Wall, 1908, p. 21, footnote;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F5EECA4621510C27D07300846799D13" author="Abercromby, AF" journalOrPublisher="Murray & Co., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B1" refString="Abercromby, AF, 1910. The snakes of Ceylon. Murray & Co., London" title="The snakes of Ceylon." year="1910">Abercromby 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 6; Abercomby 1913, p. 304;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1842E2FE29EDCC0D1C1893F407C022DC" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B392" refString="Wall, F, 1913. The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian Dominions (including Ceylon) and how to recognize them, with symptoms of snake poisoning and treatment. Bombay Natural History Society, x+(2)+(1)+(1)+149+iv+(1) pp. [third edition]." title="The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian Dominions (including Ceylon) and how to recognize them, with symptoms of snake poisoning and treatment. Bombay Natural History Society, x + (2) + (1) + (1) + 149 + iv + (1) pp. [third edition]." year="1913">Wall 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 20, footnote;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48FE8C7B26C480B5FB65EE0257D04C8E" author="Cazaly, HW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B62" refString="Cazaly, HW, 1914. The common snakes of India and Burma and how to recognize them. Allahabad, The Pioneer Press, II+(1)+60+(13)+IV pp. [reprinted 1984 by International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun]." title="The common snakes of India and Burma and how to recognize them. Allahabad, The Pioneer Press, II + (1) + 60 + (13) + IV pp. [reprinted 1984 by International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun]." year="1914">Cazaly 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 26 f.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67CE9DCDBF56B1FC68AE53BAE15289CD" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34, pl. 22 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BAD4C7E0D36835838B8EE003986A727B" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B394" refString="Wall, F, 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R. Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" title="Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R." year="1921">Wall 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 191 ff.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="57C4FCFB1CCCE1BFAFFEE3E94999E17F" author="Prater, S" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="151 - 176" refId="B289" refString="Prater, S, 1924. The snakes of the Bombay Island and Salsette. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 30 (1): 151 - 176" title="The snakes of the Bombay Island and Salsette." volume="30" year="1924">Prater 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 157, 169 f;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9DBDDFC74770C4807825524B4D4B517" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="598 - 632" refId="B395" refString="Wall, F, 1924. Hand-list of the snakes of the Indian Empire. Part. II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 29 (3): 598 - 632" title="Hand-list of the snakes of the Indian Empire. Part. II." volume="29" year="1924">Wall 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 618;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F7B09B83894A7E84F93A803CC2147270" author="Mullan, JP" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="380 - 381" refId="B257" refString="Mullan, JP, 1927. A list of snakes and lizards from Panchgani. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 32 (2): 380 - 381" title="A list of snakes and lizards from Panchgani." volume="32" year="1927">Mullan 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 380;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="29B58CF5EF6D0784342B1E6C09DB4E69" author="Amaral, A do" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 68" refId="B13" refString="Amaral, A do, 1929. Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 4: 3 - 68" title="Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics." volume="4" year="1929">Amaral 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 11;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21603DB4B0471A1DFA8111A7015CA9C3" author="Nicholls, L" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon Journal of Science, Section D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="91 - 157" refId="B264" refString="Nicholls, L, 1929. The identification of land snakes of Ceylon. Ceylon Journal of Science, Section D 2 (3): 91 - 157" title="The identification of land snakes of Ceylon." volume="2" year="1929">Nicholls 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 116, 128;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0856B6FDAC75F6A1879F335F974BE31C" author="Werner, F" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B404" refString="Werner, F, 1929. Uebersicht der Gattungen und Arten der Schlangen aus der Familie Colubridae. III. Teil (Colubrinae). Mit einem Nachtrag zu den uebrigen Familien. Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie) 57(1/2): 1-196." title="Uebersicht der Gattungen und Arten der Schlangen aus der Familie Colubridae. III. Teil (Colubrinae). Mit einem Nachtrag zu den uebrigen Familien. Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie) 57 (1 / 2): 1 - 196." year="1929">Werner 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 65, 71 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E135B343264B7B8063AD4F4F38D7D7D" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination=": 1084" refId="B145" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1931. An unusually large Shaw's Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 34 (4): 1084" title="An unusually large Shaw's Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus)." volume="34" year="1931">Gharpurey 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.1084;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1E8BD9925533A3146D8CAE9593BFE59" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination=": 465" refId="B146" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1932a. Number of the ventral scales in the Fasciolated Dhaman (Z. fasciolatus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 35 (2): 465" title="Number of the ventral scales in the Fasciolated Dhaman (Z. fasciolatus)." volume="35" year="1932 a">Gharpurey 1932a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 465;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A64E7FB5F1E93FE74A6A1E41DFBE9240" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="(A correction) Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination=": 906" refId="B147" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1932b. Note on the Fasciolated Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus). (A correction) Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 35 (4): 906" title="Note on the Fasciolated Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus)." volume="35" year="1932 b">Gharpurey 1932b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 906;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="01DF63F656B15DF6BFE0C9ADD4F27BA8" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="272 - 273" refId="B148" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1932c. Snakes in Ahmednagar. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 36 (1): 272 - 273" title="Snakes in Ahmednagar." volume="36" year="1932 c">Gharpurey 1932c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 273 f.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="11767341B8133EEBC6F33A611F908B8E" author="Lindberg, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="690 - 697" refId="B231" refString="Lindberg, K, 1932. Snakes of the Barsi Light Railway (Deccan). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 35 (3): 690 - 697" title="Snakes of the Barsi Light Railway (Deccan)." volume="35" year="1932">Lindberg 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 691 ff.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0649497650B381ACA570A6BDE65E67D1" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="942 - 944" refId="B149" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1935a. Snakes in Belgaum. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 37 (4): 942 - 944" title="Snakes in Belgaum." volume="37" year="1935 a">Gharpurey 1935a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 943;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA095B34103A063C9FD4AF2615D02F8C" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="198 - 200" refId="B150" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1935b. A further list of snakes from Ahmednagar. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 38 (1): 198 - 200" title="A further list of snakes from Ahmednagar." volume="38" year="1935 b">Gharpurey 1935b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 198;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA434D5163F0C99AD10227B21B2321C8" author="Bourret, R" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B52" refString="Bourret, R, 1936. Les Serpents de l'Indochine. Tome II. Catalogue Systematique Descriptif. Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" title="Les Serpents de l'Indochine. Tome II. Catalogue Systematique Descriptif." year="1936">Bourret 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 175;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB9F44D475C98A5EB0525B8C512A4751" author="Fraser, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molecular Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B132" refString="Fraser, A, 1936. The Snakes of Deolali. With notes on their comparative osteology and peculiarities of dentition. Part 1-3. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 39(1): 58-82, 36(2): 264-291, 36(3): 464-501." title="The Snakes of Deolali. With notes on their comparative osteology and peculiarities of dentition. Part 1 - 3. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 39 (1): 58 - 82, 36 (2): 264 - 291, 36 (3): 464 - 501." year="1936">Fraser 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 58 ff.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BCB56C67A7A94FE0F05A95292839C492" author="Lindberg, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="328 - 336" refId="B232" refString="Lindberg, K, 1939. Notes sur une Collection de Serpents du Deccan (Inde). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 64: 328 - 336" title="Notes sur une Collection de Serpents du Deccan (Inde)." volume="64" year="1939">Lindberg 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 333;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF94CA90320E95F2841A38C407F964AD" author="Themido, AA" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B364" refString="Themido, AA, 1941. Repteis e Batraquios das Colonias Portuguesas (Catalogo das Coleccoes do Museu Zoologico de Coimbra). Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra Ser. 1, 119: 1-28." title="Repteis e Batraquios das Colonias Portuguesas (Catalogo das Coleccoes do Museu Zoologico de Coimbra). Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra Ser. 1, 119: 1 - 28." year="1941">Themido 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 20.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1832EA2BD66A4F91E37F48A3471C233D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D64C4E386D72B0F1B58BD2D5A1EF680" family="Colubridae" genus="A." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A." order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">A.</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B3C837D802E92BE11EBD222605F4548B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">rgyrogena</emphasis>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ECB3C18BF62EB212FBE4923632E6631" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena rostrata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="rostrata">Argyrogena rostrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Werner, 1924, p. 51, fig, 4a-c, type locality
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5C259ADB305533E46379E34EF3E5242E" originalValue="“Argentinien”">"Argentinien"</normalizedToken>
|
||
[in error], holotype NMW 18160;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="549C73497454483D074F619A87C3F464" author="Dunn, ER" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Antivenin Institute of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="18 - 24" refId="B122" refString="Dunn, ER, 1928. A tentative key and arrangement of the American genera of Colubridae. Bulletin of the Antivenin Institute of America 2 (1): 18 - 24" title="A tentative key and arrangement of the American genera of Colubridae." volume="2" year="1928">Dunn 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
p. 23 [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="042653E211BB846663383627C8FC17E6" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Argyrogena</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEAF64A7F0F753121F15B25CDED2CBB5" author="Amaral, A do" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 68" refId="B13" refString="Amaral, A do, 1929. Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 4: 3 - 68" title="Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics." volume="4" year="1929">Amaral 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="857112D13434EEE1545F12536FB0BF3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64DF5F50C99A28E2E2A6F4DAE8B69C68" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena fasciolata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">Argyrogena fasciolata</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F058BA93582C78A667628307D1410A4A" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 261 [new comb.], [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="449FBFE3E8FAF50E6927C37C354F3F3F" author="Kumar, PVR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="88 - 93" refId="B224" refString="Kumar, PVR, Kameswaran, S, Rajendran, MV, Rajendran, S, Kutty, MN, 1976. Response of certain fishes and snakes to sound. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 73 (1): 88 - 93" title="Response of certain fishes and snakes to sound." volume="73" year="1976">Kumar et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 92;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40855AAD3600D7BF65AFAD054BC1631E" author="Kramer, E." journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="721 - 761" refId="B221" refString="Kramer, E., 1977. Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de zoologie 84 (3): 721 - 761" title="Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals." volume="84" year="1977">Kramer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 735;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D9440A978B873FD0D6063616A283608" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="113 - 171" refId="B209" refString="Khan, MS, 1980. Affinities and zoogeography of Herpetiles of Pakistan. Biologica 26 (1-2): 113 - 171" title="Affinities and zoogeography of Herpetiles of Pakistan." volume="26" year="1980">Khan 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 135, 144;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A460CE65BDF075B3F59C3D96BD377A77" author="Tiedemann, F" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B370" refString="Tiedemann, F, Haeupl, M, 1980. Typenkatalog der Herpetologischen Sammlung. Teil II: Reptilia. Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" title="Typenkatalog der Herpetologischen Sammlung. Teil II: Reptilia." year="1980">
|
||
Tiedemann and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ACF47752712F87408ED9A8733C767C42" originalValue="Häupl">Haeupl</normalizedToken>
|
||
1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 50;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2BA4AA99C9482EEF846FD344B5BB2525" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="4 - 5" refId="B210" refString="Khan, MS, 1982. Some notes on snakes in Pakistan. Hamadryad 7 (1): 4 - 5" title="Some notes on snakes in Pakistan." volume="7" year="1982">Khan 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 4;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B2CF7221497BEB7C5823BEEB3B5FBB3" author="Murthy, TSN" journalOrPublisher="The Snake" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="139 - 142" refId="B261" refString="Murthy, TSN, Acharjyo, LN, 1987. Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India. The Snake 19: 139 - 142" title="Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India." volume="19" year="1987">Murthy and Acharjyo 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 140;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5849C2AEEEF7912840B2213A170A0D0E" author="Welch, KRG" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B402" refString="Welch, KRG, 1988. Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii+183 pp." title="Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii + 183 pp." year="1988">Welch 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 36;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0DD0C57A0A320CDCE0A87A792851AC5" author="Williams, KL" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B413" refString="Williams, KL, Wallach, V, 1989. Snakes of the world. Synopsis of snake generic Names. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, (1)+234 pp." title="Snakes of the world. Synopsis of snake generic Names. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, (1) + 234 pp." year="1989">Williams and Wallach 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 12;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="314FD0B2420011A66DEC7B45BB27FEB2" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="R & A Publishing Limited, Portishead, GB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B104" refString="De Silva, A, 1990. Colour guide to the snakes of Sri Lanka. R & A Publishing Limited, Portishead, GB" title="Colour guide to the snakes of Sri Lanka." year="1990">de Silva 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 77 f.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="90E44611A562B64C5FB4206252F954BC" author="Schleich, HH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Nepal Research Centre (JNRC)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="141 - 168" refId="B313" refString="Schleich, HH, 1993. Contribution to the Systematics and to the Bibliography of the Amphibians and Reptiles from Nepal. Journal of the Nepal Research Centre (JNRC) 9: 141 - 168" title="Contribution to the Systematics and to the Bibliography of the Amphibians and Reptiles from Nepal." volume="9" year="1993">Schleich 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 146;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="075AA3FF4C6DD0280C230244BBE73499" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="R & A Publishing Limited, Portishead, GB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B105" refString="De Silva, A, 1994. An introduction to the herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus 1(1/2): 3-19." title="An introduction to the herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus 1 (1 / 2): 3 - 19." year="1994">de Silva 1994</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 4;
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, p. 27;
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, p. 44;
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, p. 184;
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, p. 27;
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, p. 39;
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, p. 15;
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, p. 46;
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, p. 20 [as
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<taxonomicName id="4FE518838116530D153740397BCE0C30" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena stolatum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="stolatum">Argyrogena stolatum</taxonomicName>
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];
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<bibRefCitation id="D1066A2AF1B3E5A8EBFCACF84C03C41C" author="Shrestha, TK" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B340" refString="Shrestha, TK, 2001. Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8+280 pp." title="Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8 + 280 pp." year="2001">Shrestha 2001</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 820 ff.;
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<bibRefCitation id="7C01DE87290CA083836FC9D135CAC3EE" author="Shah, KB" journalOrPublisher="National Zoonoses & Food Hygiene Research Centre (NZFHRC), Kathmandu" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B321" refString="Shah, KB, Tiwari, S, 2004. Herpetofauna of Nepal: A conservation companion. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, viii+237 pp." title="Herpetofauna of Nepal: A conservation companion. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, viii + 237 pp." year="2004">Shah and Tiwari 2004</bibRefCitation>
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; p.1 f.;
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<paragraph id="915A359792BD291A2948B40203815B6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName id="47A1FA5C7FBAD773AA44B4F195116B05" authorityName="Das" authorityYear="1996" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Argyrogena fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
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[sic]. -
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<taxonomicName id="C7C9838C4DF86FFD6340EC4A385409C9" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogene" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogene" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Argyrogene</taxonomicName>
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[sic]
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<taxonomicName id="72DA6A12F0171AB3DE3CDAD06D5EDF4D" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coluber fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
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];
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<bibRefCitation id="BC96A540E2E4C6F0A480AB88FD874DB6" author="Director of the Zoological Survey of India" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Fauna of Conservation Areas 7, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="51 - 62" refId="B304" refString="Director of the Zoological Survey of India, 1995. Reptilia. In: Fauna of Kanha Tiger Reserve Madhya Pradesh. Zoological Survey of India, Fauna of Conservation Areas 7, Kolkata: 51 - 62" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of Kanha Tiger Reserve Madhya Pradesh." year="1995">Sanyal and Sur 1995</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 60;
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<bibRefCitation id="EDC634FEC39916BDEBEEFCFC18F72F2D" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B86" refString="Das, I, 1996. Biogeography of the reptiles of South Asia. Krieger Publ. Co., Malabar, vii+87 pp., 16 pls." title="Biogeography of the reptiles of South Asia. Krieger Publ. Co., Malabar, vii + 87 pp., 16 pls." year="1996">Das 1996</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 54;
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<bibRefCitation id="430967117137D05B6C1038B94381E77A" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B201" refString="Khaire, N, 1996. Indian Snakes. Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" title="Indian Snakes." year="1996">Khaire 1996</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 69;
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<bibRefCitation id="9918ADD6BF8DC65C2D6F4518C7F539B8" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="32 - 45" refId="B87" refString="Das, I, 1997. Checklist of the reptiles of India with English common names. Hamadryad 22 (1): 32 - 45" title="Checklist of the reptiles of India with English common names." volume="22" year="1997">Das 1997</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 40;
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<bibRefCitation id="05F22A3AC3096C92F08FC38D5CB6DC9D" author="De Silva, A" editor="de Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="51 - 73" refId="B106" refString="De Silva, A, 1998a. Country report for Sri Lanka. Herpetofauna of Sri Lanka: Present status, distribution and conservation. In: de Silva, A, Ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on the Biology and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles of South Asia, Sri Lanka, August 1-5, 1996. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya: 51 - 73" title="Country report for Sri Lanka. Herpetofauna of Sri Lanka: Present status, distribution and conservation." volumeTitle="Proceedings of the International Conference on the Biology and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles of South Asia, Sri Lanka, August 1 - 5, 1996." year="1998 a">de Silva 1998a</bibRefCitation>
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: 64;
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<bibRefCitation id="66E9E4894229816C91D7EA8EF06B3BDD" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B107" refString="De Silva, A, 1998b. Snakes of Sri Lanka: A checklist and an annotated bibliography. Department of Wildlife Conservation/GEF/UNDP/FAO, Battaramulla, 6+112 pp." title="Snakes of Sri Lanka: A checklist and an annotated bibliography. Department of Wildlife Conservation / GEF / UNDP / FAO, Battaramulla, 6 + 112 pp." year="1998 b">de Silva 1998b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 7;
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<bibRefCitation id="EA0C620C3363C4D9485132830F7BFE67" author="Shah, KB" journalOrPublisher="NAHSON Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 30" refId="B319" refString="Shah, KB, 1998a. Checklist of the herpetofauna of Nepal with English and vernacular names. NAHSON Bulletin 8 (1-4): 26 - 30" title="Checklist of the herpetofauna of Nepal with English and vernacular names." volume="8" year="1998 a">Shah 1998a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 29;
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<bibRefCitation id="ACBD0E79BF68A08A6BC27AE0BDB4608A" author="Captain, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B63" refString="Captain, A, Thakur, S, 1999. Aberrant banded racers Argyrogena fasciolatus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96(1): 147-151." title="Aberrant banded racers Argyrogena fasciolatus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96 (1): 147 - 151." year="1999">Captain and Thakur 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 147 ff.;
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<bibRefCitation id="388A0E69A0CA8D98D1AA0EC8D4EF9D18" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="275 - 289" refId="B212" refString="Khan, MS, 1999. Herpetology of habitat types of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 31 (3): 275 - 289" title="Herpetology of habitat types of Pakistan." volume="31" year="1999">Khan 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 286;
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<bibRefCitation id="FE7DB66E0373B3F15C30BAD6969B1514" author="Sharma, BD" editor="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="40 - 47" refId="B323" refString="Sharma, BD, 1999a. Snakes and human ecosystem. In: Sharma, BD, Kumari, T, Eds., Snakes in India: a source book. Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi: 40 - 47" title="Snakes and human ecosystem." volumeTitle="Snakes in India: a source book." year="1999 a">Sharma 1999a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 42;
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<bibRefCitation id="F08310723774B8070911F7FE236CA187" author="Sharma, BD" editor="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="87 - 108" refId="B324" refString="Sharma, BD, 1999b. Fauna of Indian snakes. In: Sharma, BD, Kumari, T, Eds., Snakes in India: a source book. Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi: 87 - 108" title="Fauna of Indian snakes." volumeTitle="Snakes in India: a source book." year="1999 b">Sharma 1999b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 95;
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<bibRefCitation id="FFA38F74A418EBACAA030992F9B27F7C" author="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B325" refString="Sharma, BD, 1999c. Scientific and vernacular names of some common snakes of India. In: Sharma BD, Kumari T (Eds) Snakes in India: a source book. Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi, 109-114," title="Scientific and vernacular names of some common snakes of India. In: Sharma BD, Kumari T (Eds) Snakes in India: a source book. Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi, 109 - 114," year="1999 c">Sharma 1999c</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 112;
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<bibRefCitation id="95194FDD69461F18733ACEE27004924C" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 5" refId="B379" refString="Vyas, R, 1999. Gujarati vernacular names of some reptiles. Reptile Rap 1 (1): 3 - 5" title="Gujarati vernacular names of some reptiles." volume="1" year="1999">Vyas 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 5;
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<bibRefCitation id="139A08E806981F7CB7F2F30B5F414CB5" author="Islam, MA" journalOrPublisher="World Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B187" refString="Islam, MA, Ameen, M-U, Nishat, A, 2000. (2000) Red book of threatened amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. Dhaka IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Dhaka, xii+95 pp." title="(2000) Red book of threatened amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. Dhaka IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Dhaka, xii + 95 pp." year="2000">Islam et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 77;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D4F21F130B388A6802717DAD41D6D65" author="Director of the Zoological Survey of India" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 8, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="243 - 297" refId="B331" refString="Director of the Zoological Survey of India, 2000. Reptilia. In: Fauna of Gujarat (Part-1) Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 8, Calcutta: 243 - 297" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of Gujarat (Part- 1) Vertebrates." year="2000">Sharma 2000</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 277;
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<bibRefCitation id="224E349EB6CDEF921DF192EAADBFDFF1" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoo's Print Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="386 - 390" refId="B381" refString="Vyas, R, 2000b. A review of reptile studies in Gujarat state. Zoo's Print Journal 15 (12): 386 - 390" title="A review of reptile studies in Gujarat state." volume="15" year="2000 b">Vyas 2000b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 388;
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<bibRefCitation id="6A9AA325FB6593F18C21565E84157F67" author="Daniels, RJR" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 8" refId="B83" refString="Daniels, RJR, 2001a. Amphibians and reptiles of the Tamil Nadu Eastern and Western Ghats. Cobra 43: 1 - 8" title="Amphibians and reptiles of the Tamil Nadu Eastern and Western Ghats." volume="43" year="2001 a">Daniels 2001a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 7;
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<bibRefCitation id="E5F6D03A0C9EB7022B0DA8CB0DEE2BF0" author="Daniels, RJR" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="11 - 17" refId="B84" refString="Daniels, RJR, 2001b. Snakes of Tamil Nadu: a status report. Cobra 44: 11 - 17" title="Snakes of Tamil Nadu: a status report." volume="44" year="2001 b">Daniels 2001b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 16;
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<bibRefCitation id="AB1AF45FD9BF6E4C63B762508405A12E" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B108" refString="De Silva, A, 2001. The herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. An historical overview, current status with checklist. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organisation (ARROS), Peradeniya, (2)+91 pp." title="The herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. An historical overview, current status with checklist. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organisation (ARROS), Peradeniya, (2) + 91 pp." year="2001">de Silva 2001</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 59;
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<bibRefCitation id="7709829B5CCB48FED4B97EE02B7DBF52" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="14 - 15" refId="B178" refString="Ingle, M, 2001a. Notes on reptiles from Ujjain. Cobra 43: 14 - 15" title="Notes on reptiles from Ujjain." volume="43" year="2001 a">Ingle 2001a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 14;
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<bibRefCitation id="CC968CDAD0336722EF9FF833478C8512" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="22 - 24" refId="B179" refString="Ingle, M, 2001b. Snakes of Madhya Pradesh, Ujjain and Malwa region. Cobra 45: 22 - 24" title="Snakes of Madhya Pradesh, Ujjain and Malwa region." volume="45" year="2001 b">Ingle 2001b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 23;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0B6F9E78320EB1D6589403FC2F44CCF3" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoo's Print Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B382" refString="Vyas, R, 2001a. Comments on 'A synopsis of the reptiles of Gujarat, India'. Hamadryad [2000] 25(2): 203-207." title="Comments on ' A synopsis of the reptiles of Gujarat, India'. Hamadryad [2000] 25 (2): 203 - 207." year="2001 a">Vyas 2001a</bibRefCitation>
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, 204;
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<bibRefCitation id="C51F11B56768BC34ED98054229BEFCA2" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="17 - 25" refId="B383" refString="Vyas, R, 2001b. Comments on 'Reptilia ' a chapter in 'Fauna of Gujarat': a recent publication of ZSI, India. Cobra 46: 17 - 25" title="Comments on ' Reptilia ' a chapter in ' Fauna of Gujarat': a recent publication of ZSI, India." volume="46" year="2001 b">Vyas 2001b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 23;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="1DE6FB1C4B8774B6159EBA0000193940" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Tigerpaper" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="15 - 19" refId="B384" refString="Vyas, R, 2001c. Reptile richness and diversity in and around the Gir Forest, Gujarat, India. Tigerpaper 28 (3): 15 - 19" title="Reptile richness and diversity in and around the Gir Forest, Gujarat, India." volume="28" year="2001 c">Vyas 2001c</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 18;
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<bibRefCitation id="366D641AD839371BDB3D7073EA155FE0" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">Daniel 2002</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 94 f.;
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<bibRefCitation id="7294B4445D8CFF3461E659AD972DF59E" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="New Holland Publ., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B89" refString="Das, I, 2002. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publ., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India." year="2002">Das 2002</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 20;
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<bibRefCitation id="F0F3D7167086751577C2615A9B847F06" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B180" refString="Ingle, M, 2002. Ecology and status of the ophiofauna of eight districts of Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. Cobra 50: 1 - 17" title="Ecology and status of the ophiofauna of eight districts of Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh." volume="50" year="2002">Ingle 2002</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 9;
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<bibRefCitation id="ADD2E225D1BC4B9461A54CD6750832C6" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B213" refString="Khan, MS, 2002. Die Schlangen Pakistans. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" title="Die Schlangen Pakistans." year="2002">Khan 2002</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 79 f.;
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<bibRefCitation id="9B9EBE0C0DD8F20D81B945EEB298C7C6" author="Lobo, AS" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 7" refId="B234" refString="Lobo, AS, 2002. A preliminary checklist of snakes of the Bondla Wildlife Sancutuary, Goa. Cobra 49: 3 - 7" title="A preliminary checklist of snakes of the Bondla Wildlife Sancutuary, Goa." volume="49" year="2002">Lobo 2002</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 6;
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<bibRefCitation id="722D9A920374EAD924D75FFB84153332" author="Sharma, BD" editor="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="39 - 60" refId="B326" refString="Sharma, BD, 2002a. Fauna of Indian snakes: A checklist. In: Sharma, BD, Ed., Indian poisonous snakes (An ecological and clinical study). Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi: 39 - 60" title="Fauna of Indian snakes: A checklist." volumeTitle="Indian poisonous snakes (An ecological and clinical study)." year="2002 a">Sharma 2002a</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 51;
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<bibRefCitation id="1552C4CFCAD92FF095B418331FAC8717" author="Sharma, BD" editor="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="61 - 65" refId="B327" refString="Sharma, BD, 2002b. Scientific and vernacular names of some common snakes of India. In: Sharma, BD, Ed., Indian poisonous snakes (An ecological and clinical study). Anmol Publ. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi: 61 - 65" title="Scientific and vernacular names of some common snakes of India." volumeTitle="Indian poisonous snakes (An ecological and clinical study)." year="2002 b">Sharma 2002b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 63;
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<bibRefCitation id="3A96CC4CB58BEF9A903E4C48F5BFC689" author="Bhuvaneswari, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Threatened Taxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B41" refString="Bhuvaneswari, R, 2003. Pulicat Lake. In: Bioresources status in selected coastal locations. National Biorecources Development Board, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, New Delhi and M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, 142-176." title="Pulicat Lake. In: Bioresources status in selected coastal locations. National Biorecources Development Board, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, New Delhi and M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, 142 - 176." year="2003">Bhuvaneswari 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 169;
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<bibRefCitation id="6514C2633CA3933D52EEA4CDA2367085" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 5" refId="B181" refString="Ingle, M, 2003. A preliminary survey of the herpetofauna of Naglok area, Jashpur, Chhatisgarh state. Cobra 54: 1 - 5" title="A preliminary survey of the herpetofauna of Naglok area, Jashpur, Chhatisgarh state." volume="54" year="2003">Ingle 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="65C9C56CBE707293D6DEFAF0E728B708" author="Palot, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 6" refId="B270" refString="Palot, MJ, Radhakrishnan, C, 2003. Check-list of snakes of Kerala with their Malayalam vernacular names. Reptile Rap 5: 3 - 6" title="Check-list of snakes of Kerala with their Malayalam vernacular names." volume="5" year="2003">Palot and Radhakrishnan 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 4;
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<bibRefCitation id="4DE8F75BDCDECDE22ADED372C220D3FC" author="Shah, KB" journalOrPublisher=", Epidemiology & Disease Control Division, Kathmandu" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B322" refString="Shah, KB, Shrestha, J, Thapa, C, 2003. Snakebite management guideline. HMG, Ministry of Health, Dept. Health Serv., Epidemiology & Disease Control Division, Kathmandu" title="Snakebite management guideline. HMG, Ministry of Health, Dept. Health Serv." year="2003">Shah et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, p.13;
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<bibRefCitation id="27E775FC2790AA0488EEA2FBDA6DB1FD" author="Sharma, RC" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 8, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B332" refString="Sharma, RC, 2003. Handbook-Indian snakes. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xx+292 pp., 48 pls." title="Handbook-Indian snakes. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xx + 292 pp., 48 pls." year="2003">Sharma 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 82 f.;
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<bibRefCitation id="DB6BE8E17DB8F15580C0323D1C3F2B23" author="Dasgupta, G" editor="Zoological, Survey of India" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 11, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="143 - 179" refId="B99" refString="Dasgupta, G, Raha, S, 2004. Reptilia. In: Zoological, Survey of India, Ed., Fauna of Bihar (including Jharkhand), Part 1. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 11, Kolkata: 143 - 179" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of Bihar (including Jharkhand), Part 1." year="2004">Dasgupta and Raha 2004</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 167; Khan, M.A.R. 2004, p. 18;
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<bibRefCitation id="5745BFAE3D16CCD07D3922675187743B" author="Director of the Zoological Survey of India" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Conservation Area Series 20, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="93 - 122" refId="B284" refString="Director of the Zoological Survey of India, 2004. Reptilia. In: Fauna of Pench National Park (Maharashtra). Zoological Survey of India, Conservation Area Series 20, Kolkata: 93 - 122" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of Pench National Park (Maharashtra)." year="2004">Pradhan 2004</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 111;
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<bibRefCitation id="7C184961E4AB80F8FE1144EFEED6E734" author="Somaweera, R" journalOrPublisher="Sri Lankan Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="32 - 46" refId="B349" refString="Somaweera, R, 2004. Sri Lankan colubrid snakes. Sri Lankan Naturalist 6 (3-4): 32 - 46" title="Sri Lankan colubrid snakes." volume="6" year="2004">Somaweera 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 37;
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<bibRefCitation id="496E63B74AFF3A5A19F933B817B54397" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoo's Print Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1512 - 1514" refId="B385" refString="Vyas, R, 2004. Herpetofauna of Vansda National Park, Gujarat. Zoo's Print Journal 19 (6): 1512 - 1514" title="Herpetofauna of Vansda National Park, Gujarat." volume="19" year="2004">Vyas 2004</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 1514;
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<bibRefCitation id="7E439FD5E91B1DB941035909132FA859" author="Chandra, K" journalOrPublisher="Zoo's Print Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1812 - 1819" refId="B68" refString="Chandra, K, Gajbe, PU, 2005. An inventory of herpetofauna of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Zoo's Print Journal 20 (3): 1812 - 1819" title="An inventory of herpetofauna of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh." volume="20" year="2005">Chandra and Gajbe 2005</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 83;
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<bibRefCitation id="35575FCF047FA034C21D60EB0685FE64" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B94" refString="Das, I, De Silva, A, 2005. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ. Ltd., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ." year="2005">Das and de Silva 2005</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 24;
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<bibRefCitation id="04CB9EBAB3C7A3FF49E1DFD5D14C478F" author="Gajbe, P" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="9 - 10" refId="B135" refString="Gajbe, P, Gupta, R, 2005. Herpetofauna of Shahdol District, Madhya Pradesh. Reptile Rap 7: 9 - 10" title="Herpetofauna of Shahdol District, Madhya Pradesh." volume="7" year="2005">Gajbe and Gupta 2005</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 10;
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<bibRefCitation id="CFD0CB58D2BE16806C0DD4C8536949FC" author="Rao, KT" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B294" refString="Rao, KT, Ghate, HV, Sudhakar, M, Javed, SMM, Krishna, SR, 2005. Herpetofauna of Nallamalai Hills with eleven new records from the region including ten new records from Andhra Pradesh. Zoos'Print Journal 20(1): 1737-1740, suppl. i-xi." title="Herpetofauna of Nallamalai Hills with eleven new records from the region including ten new records from Andhra Pradesh. Zoos'Print Journal 20 (1): 1737 - 1740, suppl. i-xi." year="2005">Rao et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 1739;
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<bibRefCitation id="C87F5BA1FC0ED4D54C688F443AA75C08" author="Sharma, RC" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 8, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B333" refString="Sharma, RC, 2007. Fauna of India and adjacent countries. Reptilia. Volume-III (Serpentes). Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xxvi+410 pp." title="Fauna of India and adjacent countries. Reptilia. Volume-III (Serpentes). Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xxvi + 410 pp." year="2007">Sharma 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 132 f.;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="171985A087E36C29A6DC6B9EB2E2A943" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Raptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="10 - 15" refId="B386" refString="Vyas, R, 2007. Herpetofauna of Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India. Raptile Rap 8: 10 - 15" title="Herpetofauna of Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India." volume="8" year="2007">Vyas 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 13;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3B36D8706008E35ACA14CAC2F904251A" author="Chandra, K" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 83" refId="B69" refString="Chandra, K, Sharma, RC, Nagpure, A, Nema, DK, 2008. Reptiles of Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 108 (4): 49 - 83" title="Reptiles of Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh." volume="108" year="2008">Chandra et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 52, 54, 71;
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<bibRefCitation id="82BC4654337B1BCB92EBA45CDE438435" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra [new series]" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="10 - 16" refId="B182" refString="Ingle, M, 2008. Herpetofaunal diversity of Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Cobra [new series] 2 (2): 10 - 16" title="Herpetofaunal diversity of Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh." volume="2" year="2008">Ingle 2008</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 15; Pradhan 2008, p. 327;
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<bibRefCitation id="E1988F3934707F741A6414E1BE6401A7" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Annual Report and List of Accessions" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B26" refString="Anonymous, 2010. Defending Biodiversity and Promoting Sustainable Agriculture in Jalgaon District (India) Integrating New Methodologies and Advanced Technologies: Hotspot Geoinformatics, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems, Global Positioning Systems and Smart Ground Sensors. Jala SRI Watershed Surveillance and Research Institute, Jalgaon (Maharashtra, India), Project Report, (3)+viii+150 pp." title="Defending Biodiversity and Promoting Sustainable Agriculture in Jalgaon District (India) Integrating New Methodologies and Advanced Technologies: Hotspot Geoinformatics, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems, Global Positioning Systems and Smart Ground Sensors. Jala SRI Watershed Surveillance and Research Institute, Jalgaon (Maharashtra, India), Project Report, (3) + viii + 150 pp." year="2010">Anonymous 2010</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 56;
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<bibRefCitation id="0C8FE10C152FA273930E531649016975" author="Bahuguna, A" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B33" refString="Bahuguna, A, 2010. Reptilia. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.): Fauna of Uttarakhand, (Part 1), Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 18, Kolkata, 445-503." title="Reptilia. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.): Fauna of Uttarakhand, (Part 1), Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 18, Kolkata, 445 - 503." year="2010">Bahuguna 2010</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 501;
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<bibRefCitation id="F8A5F1C2696936CCC60B8AEDC2FADE14" author="Singh, KP" journalOrPublisher="Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B344" refString="Singh, KP, Ngullie, MM, 2010. Working plan for the forests of Dahanu Forest Division for the period 2010-2011 to 2019-2020. Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai" title="Working plan for the forests of Dahanu Forest Division for the period 2010 - 2011 to 2019 - 2020." year="2010">Singh and Ngullie 2010</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 56;
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<bibRefCitation id="C7F2CCFFEACD3111BB1135E9129F12E1" author="Thakur, KN" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B362" refString="Thakur, KN, 2010. Impact of special economic zone (SEZ) on birds in Uran, Maharashtra. MSc Thesis, Department of Environmental Science Institute of Science, Mumbai, (8)+44 pp." title="Impact of special economic zone (SEZ) on birds in Uran, Maharashtra. MSc Thesis, Department of Environmental Science Institute of Science, Mumbai, (8) + 44 pp." year="2010">Thakur 2010</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 15;
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<bibRefCitation id="BBE30DA76110450B5A1EAB60FE4041B9" author="Patankar, P" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B276" refString="Patankar, P, 2011. Community structure of reptiles in selected habitats of Gujarat with major emphasis on the distribution and ecobiology of lizards. PhD Thesis, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, iv+227+18 pp." title="Community structure of reptiles in selected habitats of Gujarat with major emphasis on the distribution and ecobiology of lizards. PhD Thesis, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, iv + 227 + 18 pp." year="2011">Patankar 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 9;
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<bibRefCitation id="FC3841DD16A7F1BE40C1CD428225F628" author="Sawant, NS" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B307" refString="Sawant, NS, 2011. Ecology and conservation of pit vipers along the Western Ghats (Goa). PhD Thesis, Department of Zoology, Goa University, (12)+184+(2), (Appendix 1)+(4), (Appendix 2)+(21) pp." title="Ecology and conservation of pit vipers along the Western Ghats (Goa). PhD Thesis, Department of Zoology, Goa University, (12) + 184 + (2), (Appendix 1) + (4), (Appendix 2) + (21) pp." year="2011">Sawant 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, appendix 2, p. 2;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E148C627D4E62C54982CE843081FE4DF" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="5 - 15" refId="B387" refString="Vyas, R, 2011. Reptilian diversity in and around the Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India. Reptile Rap 11: 5 - 15" title="Reptilian diversity in and around the Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India." volume="11" year="2011">Vyas 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 11;
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<bibRefCitation id="F74F7AC95B4759BB7464188F98356A67" author="Chauhan, RR" journalOrPublisher="Review of Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B71" refString="Chauhan, RR, Shingadia, HU, 2012. Preliminary survey of herpetofauna of Borivali mangroves-a coastal belt in the suburbs of Mumbai. Life sciences Leaflets (LSIC2011): 59-65." title="Preliminary survey of herpetofauna of Borivali mangroves-a coastal belt in the suburbs of Mumbai. Life sciences Leaflets (LSIC 2011): 59 - 65." year="2012">Chauhan and Shingadia 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
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, p. 64;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1FD9548E270CAF122855C667CF25F83C" author="Zoological Survey of India" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 20, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="189 - 238" refId="B100" refString="Zoological Survey of India, 2012. Reptilia. In: Fauna of Maharashtra, Part 1, Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 20, Kolkata: 189 - 238" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of Maharashtra, Part 1, Vertebrates." year="2012">Dasgupta et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 217;
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<bibRefCitation id="0D91F07C29774135059E184B84ABABC9" author="Upadhye, MV" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="15 - 20" refId="B374" refString="Upadhye, MV, Puranik, VV, Dabholkar, P, Jadhav, U, 2012. Herpetofauna of the Vidyanagari campus of the University of Mumbai, Maharashtra. Reptile Rap 14: 15 - 20" title="Herpetofauna of the Vidyanagari campus of the University of Mumbai, Maharashtra." volume="14" year="2012">Upadhye et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 16;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5F8004BBC5503F7324A8A8D90D686F4" author="Aengals, R" journalOrPublisher="SSAR Contributions to the history of herpetology, Volume 2, St. Louis, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B7" refString="Aengals, R, Pradhan, MS, 2013. Reptiles. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.) Fauna of Karnataka. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 21, Kolkata, 435-465." title="Reptiles. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.) Fauna of Karnataka. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 21, Kolkata, 435 - 465." year="2013">Aengals and Pradhan 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 454;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7BD49B85BD98B9D799D936790CD64629" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5897/IJBC2013.0546" author="Reddy, YA" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="515 - 522" refId="B298" refString="Reddy, YA, Sadasivaiah, B, Indira, P, Pullaiah, T, 2013. Herpetofauna of Thummalapalle uranium mining area, Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 5 (8): 515 - 522, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/IJBC2013.0546" title="Herpetofauna of Thummalapalle uranium mining area, Andhra Pradesh, India." url="https://doi.org/10.5897/IJBC2013.0546" volume="5" year="2013">Reddy et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 519;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="24673FA73C2A5D52824CB56AC10B9C1E" author="Raut, SR" journalOrPublisher="Advances in Applied Science Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="373 - 381" refId="B296" refString="Raut, SR, Deshbhratar, SM, Mahaley, JA, Hile, VK, Singh, AJ, Metha, GU, 2014. Recent studies on the biodiversity of snakes in Palghar region, Thane, Maharashtra, India. Advances in Applied Science Research 5 (2): 373 - 381" title="Recent studies on the biodiversity of snakes in Palghar region, Thane, Maharashtra, India." volume="5" year="2014">Raut et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 374, 376;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="20A48FB68953DD11F913F6772F43AFB9" author="Manhas, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Research in Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1868 - 1873" refId="B239" refString="Manhas, A, Raina, R, Wanganeo, A, 2015b. Snakes of the Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh, India with special reference to road mortality. Journal of Research in Biology 5 (7): 1868 - 1873" title="Snakes of the Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh, India with special reference to road mortality." volume="5" year="2015 b">Manhas et al. 2015b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 1550 [as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1304B218D3421C961F13CF92CD6A14D0" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogene" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogene" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">Argyrogene</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9431A549D6324B3875B44649E9F047AA" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coluber fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F15CA58EA289034CC55ABF49C03C94EB" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Annual Report and List of Accessions" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B27" refString="Anonymous, 2017. Environmental Management Plan for Laterite Stone Quarries: Lingdal Cluster, Taluka: Devgad, Dist: Sindhudurg, Maharashtra. Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., 100+(12)+12 (Annex) pp." title="Environmental Management Plan for Laterite Stone Quarries: Lingdal Cluster, Taluka: Devgad, Dist: Sindhudurg, Maharashtra. Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., 100 + (12) + 12 (Annex) pp." year="2017">Anonymous 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Annex 5, p. 5;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BFE35BE8CF4526278D9760F4B5D4E202" author="Vibhute, SM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Life Sciences, special issue A" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="77 - 82" refId="B375" refString="Vibhute, SM, 2018. Serpentine diversity of Atpadi city and adjoining area, Tal. Atpadi, Dist. Sangli (MS) India. International Journal of Life Sciences, special issue A 10: 77 - 82" title="Serpentine diversity of Atpadi city and adjoining area, Tal. Atpadi, Dist. Sangli (MS) India." volume="10" year="2018">Vibhute 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 79; Anonymous n. d., p. 13.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F0AF89B10388689825AA023D765C1EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9474F77D2E66EA7E8B0FDA9AA0C8DBAA" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">Platyceps plinii</taxonomicName>
|
||
. - this work.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F01399935B165027D63BDADD6F9D6F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="">
|
||
<paragraph id="A5DC491CEBE33932FE918F4AA2047A4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
The preceding list of synonyms and chresonyms contains quotations which to our best knowledge refer to the snake species so far known as Banded racer (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1476168A4A014F67021ECA8B97745F56" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena fasciolata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5A0D00090DDBA481F8DBCE1B3BA4BE1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
auctt.) in the sense of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A6BFC1E040A6849F14622301881DB7D" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BE6DD88739B386C34E4670A47792D776" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1864)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Because of our clarification that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30FA3CF21E5791C0B84416BA96A94C24" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D75CB79AE2E3692F11C68257C8FD53AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw represents a wolfsnake of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF70996281577F9D6765D2C53AE1B986" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29C6CDC344F72A9130BE9BF59813936D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), it is necessary to assign an adequate scientific name to the Banded racer. In this context, two well-known names are available from the list of synonyms, i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33CBDDAB60711C8B157DAB22FD5EF67D" authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9D30CC203883C56A1AD67671437F3B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cantor, 1839, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82412A1E7CFBE500824C70749064CF42" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena rostrata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="CC9B0B220C2B8EEC7C164707847E2666" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Werner, 1924. The first name was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4099897511114055D3144037A84FB16" lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="73BDDA6D27E6392E0AE52F8D3CE51BDC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AEDDBF6A44F7217E494013A0040FF0F5" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="578F114722EBE24C1FB38FAFF7DD8F44" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1864)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the latter by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="545AFEBDCE5A023404DA79036EEA13B1" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B348" refString="Smith, MA, 1928. The status of some recently described genera and species of snakes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1(4): 494-497." title="The status of some recently described genera and species of snakes. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1 (4): 494 - 497." year="1928">Smith (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3013C3902FA3A7E80379C1055187F9AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6329319EDD39DAEEBB14C2BE0B7BEB0" authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="5715E1B465525F1D1B4550FAF61DB903" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on a single specimen from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D8C810DD2CAB7150F35A573752BB0292" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
described by Theodore
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C937BB3F7AFDD58EE83FF1C3406977F" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B56" refString="Cantor, T, 1839. Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, vii: 31-34+49-55." title="Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, vii: 31 - 34 + 49 - 55." year="1839">Cantor (1839)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his "Specilegium Serpentium Indicorum". A coloured sketch of the holotype is deposited in the Bodleian Library (Oxford, U.K.) and reproduced here for the first time (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="17933BF53640C30AA3C623B97E61995F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. Previously unpublished original painting (no. 7) of the holotype of Coluber curvirostris Cantor, 1839 from Cantor's original manuscript entitled " Indian Serpents-Innocuous-Collected, figured & described (1831 - 1837) ", kept in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U. K. (see Appendix, Note 2). Reproduced with permission from the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542389" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3018D0E7D12EFB8F40BF31901FE5BB3A" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542387" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="03CF69987017160A38F66098E7332FBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="342517E1380D156CAA458D8CC9121503" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A99E420FB4DF96683045BFE880509F8A" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="207CF0313D70276E80C6BADC771E10D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="551EC0FEC5199359ED50C58E0240B1A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E910867B6D1E8E0005F72E76399A1E4" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAE133BD6F34BF011EE67063611B1EC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem, 1820, "Patza Tutta" from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="64155F781F31A7190C61779E1C86F8C7" originalValue="“Casemcottah”">"Casemcottah"</normalizedToken>
|
||
reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="31CBAAC870DC2CDE0F858E5B247D5DBF" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 29), and
|
||
<emphasis id="FA497303B37C94C1CB2540AEB4529E08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
"Die halbbandierte Natte
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C36ECE10803695C21AD8FEEF57C6B9DD" author="Bechstein, JM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B36" refString="Bechstein, JM, 1802. Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx+298 pp., 48 pls." title="Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx + 298 pp., 48 pls." year="1802">Bechstein (1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 44, fig. 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="039D719169E6E07783F0F40D280BA6DA" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542388" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="88FE8689A6E6644F255845CF9A9E9F21" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DFBDD54DE87F5A1E69A593E8140EAD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Extract from a previously unpublished original water-colour painting from Brian H.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DDC59FBA4C4CD521F87ABE54D5C271E9" originalValue="Hodgson’s">Hodgson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
collection of drawings kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K. The depicted specimen from the "Central hilly region "of Nepal, determined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9119163C252DAB38C9C080989AF5CAB8" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B162" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1861. List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213-227." title="List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213 - 227." year="1861">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A4EBB05BA4EABA0CB2F3ED0865C82CB0" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1861)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as "?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F4DD36A804930B75026C44A700F6F6" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="076FC7EC26F9C8200FE48AC6D3548D37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coryphodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C112630F8AE01CEB8F91DDFBDA3A36E7" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F911D4AC349A2C270E6C4BDE15D4F0D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov.), is the original and sole source for the distribution of the Banded Racer in Nepal. In fact, the specimen shown is an adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F2717372D7D6CD52E50F0FE9D2F15E5" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Rhabdophis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdophis himalayanus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="442628C8779EB818A859E1D1B7A0FAF5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Rhabdophis himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5F81D51AECCDFCEF2C9C05005BC7C39A" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864) (see chapter "Unconfirmed or erroneous distribution"). The inscription in Devanagari script on the lower right side of the sheet states that this specimen was preserved in alcohol on 27 September 1857. Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E89A9408C48C903D90C3AB8C17EB04FE" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542389" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="A0D85BC97DFDB7B5936D760E0CDCF58B" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="A02E0558A336DD465519ACD438282C76" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B4EAB02E5E7E3DEFC6FAF17DA00CB8E" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="59F9D4DB0819808DF95ED7B591AE060D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. Previously unpublished original painting (no. 7) of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02AFCCD29CE49CA56CD035E62A999240" authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6293E1ACDD98E844711F743EC68D5CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cantor, 1839 from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C05F07AEE9A61D46733DBEF9C4B1BDA0" originalValue="Cantor’s">Cantor's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original manuscript entitled "Indian Serpents-Innocuous-Collected, figured & described (1831-1837)", kept in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U.K. (see Appendix, Note 2). Reproduced with permission from the Bodleian Library, Oxford, U.K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5BA8777EE613698DD0843A03AA2B75B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Franz
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="152E8CE9B3EA9460CD5B944E0D00935A" author="Werner, F" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B403" refString="Werner, F, 1924. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum in Wien. Sitzungsberichte Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse (Abt. 1), 133 (1-3): 29-56." title="Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum in Wien. Sitzungsberichte Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse (Abt. 1), 133 (1 - 3): 29 - 56." year="1924">Werner (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE0BE9E5E88D477964C49E07414C8B1D" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena rostrata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="80A31D7C5DFCCD9F5E7ABA0A61823564" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(genus et species nova) based on a specimen stored in the Natural History Museum, Vienna, which was originally listed as having come from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ACD4BB9AE02676DE54C5165A2D1BB588" originalValue="“Argentinien”">"Argentinien"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and for a few years it was considered a valid neotropical taxon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E2CE05F55C4075404ADB7739CA68CCB" author="Dunn, ER" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Antivenin Institute of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="18 - 24" refId="B122" refString="Dunn, ER, 1928. A tentative key and arrangement of the American genera of Colubridae. Bulletin of the Antivenin Institute of America 2 (1): 18 - 24" title="A tentative key and arrangement of the American genera of Colubridae." volume="2" year="1928">Dunn 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="76B2B9F11922A33ACC8715AE5C309180" author="Amaral, A do" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 68" refId="B13" refString="Amaral, A do, 1929. Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 4: 3 - 68" title="Estudos sobre Ophidios Neotropics. XVII. Valor systematico de varias formas de Ophidios Neotropics." volume="4" year="1929">Amaral 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Malcolm A. Smith, who visited the herpetological collection of the Natural History Museum, Vienna in 1927, examined several of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DE02C254078435B5E8730E783658C029" originalValue="Werner’s">Werner's</normalizedToken>
|
||
type specimens, including the holotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72C9A9BB02B1BEC6B9C808C177F2362E" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. rostrata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C388675DDF4B91362F227EC775781FFD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, recognized its true identity, synonymized it with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47E184B2A8732311A1EB46204AB5DB73" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C2DFDB80429D5370FEC87B39237DA89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and relegated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F23B1E7457696B20310D589FE2C5D9B" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9F3BFEFBDBF5D1AD2D85C8E66057688B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2A9892DF82C7AA5F5F91600C7F46D98" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AB7E50076BC0364361AB2A1176533E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This classification was largely maintained until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DC2B2B5AD6D905BBA49D7FC5A4E2BB27" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
dedicated a study to the Banded racer and in this context revalidated
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1EA3F4B41A413F48998B53664278CF1F" originalValue="Werner’s">Werner's</normalizedToken>
|
||
name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53FCC7C499D34001D5C4CA52F466C4C8" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4878F9FE7C4552C06F64854DD442EA26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Subsequently, the combination
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45273A5A1D0BD81C7612D600E01BD98F" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena fasciolata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EC36394BA3ED1A9E2D43339491BA23B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Shaw, 1802) was established and has been used for the Banded racer until today (see list of synonyms and chresonyms and e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3D857AC6C212331917A701C6B367E9F9" author="Williams, KL" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B413" refString="Williams, KL, Wallach, V, 1989. Snakes of the world. Synopsis of snake generic Names. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, (1)+234 pp." title="Snakes of the world. Synopsis of snake generic Names. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, (1) + 234 pp." year="1989">Williams and Wallach 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C2C051BA7B330C964917C7CF37BFEA44" author="Smith, HM" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B346" refString="Smith, HM, David, P, 1999. George Shaw and the herpetology volume in his series, General Zoology. In: Shaw, G. (1802): General zoology or systematic natural history; Vol. III, Amphibia. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York, [Faksimile], 5-96." title="George Shaw and the herpetology volume in his series, General Zoology. In: Shaw, G. (1802): General zoology or systematic natural history; Vol. III, Amphibia. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York, [Faksimile], 5 - 96." year="1999">Smith and David 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="27DB6A45776D36770103784517602A10" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9A28161825A83753EA9DF29C17042B3" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Herpetological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B215" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi+311 pp." title="Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi + 311 pp." year="2006">Khan 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E5C4D9F46C42CA425AB52683EAC8908" author="Somaweera, R" journalOrPublisher="Sri Lankan Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B350" refString="Somaweera, R, 2006. Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8+297 pp. [in Singhalese]." title="Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8 + 297 pp. [in Singhalese]." year="2006">Somaweera 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A57E0CA60F0C24097841F2485C550FEA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Koushik, 2015;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="124C5A6DE0D7AFD40C5D9045E3303553" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B95" refString="Das, I, Das, A, 2017. A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" title="A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka." year="2017">Das and Das 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="04337E267CD16F2AE11CE683D6F9D5E5" author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, to name a few general publications). In a short overview of the taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B6A5A43B2AE599DEA657D533E988D5B" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EE117264CAE7174FD3A2C28101B0F3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B0A4DB18B24DC26507225939283D86D" author="Amr, ZS" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="179 - 266" refId="B15" refString="Amr, ZS, Disi, AM, 2011. Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan. Vertebrate Zoology 61 (2): 179 - 266" title="Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan." volume="61" year="2011">Amr and Disi (2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 191) erroneously stated that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9A82D3E9368CA966C5BF8BA822ECE0D" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reallocated the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E13AC333D74358BDEE0A2D7FAB16CAC" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30E05720828DED5C0089D61A4F0FF954" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A0EBDBF3B3687C403FC3F89BA913BA6E" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A21AE0ED131A52C2960D7CE333498428" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33ECE702591AA265A855DD58E1625D25" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
We also tracked down two older and previously overlooked or wrongly assigned names that clearly refer to what is currently understood to be the Banded racer, viz.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98039B862AE8D07FF480C1CBB9054742" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9BE33447B5A10505DD46BFAA017FE76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89B38A3F9809B64A5803DC276916B03F" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EC620D6AB47FD01C1C71978BD8C420D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem, 1820. Again both names are entirely based on the same description in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="611BE10CCE8221653F4D068D5351948A" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34-35, pl. 29: "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="916CE8963FE0DB27C9ED1BD9235D7F57" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6DF93DF3071579D5555FD55644653A7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" named "Patza Tutta" by natives).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="57038A0A79C26B2750D6049A01B03D37" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB457102FF682260773EB7099915E10F" author="Boie, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B48" refString="Boie, F, 1827. Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20(6): col. 508-566." title="Bemerkungen ueber Merrem's Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien. Marburg, 1820, 1 te Lieferung, Ophidier. Isis von Oken 20 (6): col. 508 - 566." year="1827">Boie (1827)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F04109466366B80463A555EDB379688A" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6E7094B975EA636F644CF3E7C91A7C21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="99EC8CC613FF96F5E18DBDEBB193E094" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B0F52CB7A122D0DACDD7D24BB4AD7877" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as synonymous and a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E26489B6DB9E4F26AB607CBF393ED6E1" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4B3EFE101AA97810F096F93D00C31E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F2EF9BD4F040E1A4850F46DECC51A1C" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coelognathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coelognathus helena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helena">
|
||
<emphasis id="EAEFB3F3876E7F046BFA6F612E25B739" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coelognathus helena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFBA92473028ED04F8BBCC0563BC753E" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coelognathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coelognathus helena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="helena">
|
||
<emphasis id="453648D1A7828B3375A36554FCDDF4A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coelognathus helena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Daudin, 1803)).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7EF9A501AD6BEEB4FC53376149AB4CEE" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor (1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC8DC737C89DBE5DE1A14F6E19E178F1" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) on the other hand regarded
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9F7C75B69AD9207892D17FC558FEC5B2" originalValue="Daudin’s">Daudin's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE967C6CC54771B90C4E42631F7FE94B" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="391DA5E2912162D5551178CB82EB6F80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C00FA11A1792B364F58EAB8D478B9521" originalValue="Merrem’s">Merrem's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C741D95099CBFD116D96FF7430F9D3C1" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFD15EFEAE9B606343058515853DAF2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="059E95DE226BED5B7AECEC0C789F9B0E" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1827" family="Colubridae" genus="Coronella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coronella baliodeira" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="99DAD43A6CF860BF4092200A5EDC9D09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coronella baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boie, 1827, an assessment that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="22D9D4CB05541E12F2389D5124A8E809" author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B44" refString="Blyth, E, 1854. Report of the Curator. Zoological Department. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1853] 22(4): 408-417." title="Report of the Curator. Zoological Department. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1853] 22 (4): 408 - 417." year="1854">Blyth (1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 416,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B4B63AB2C07F7CA20331F69FBFD8974" author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B45" refString="Blyth, E, 1855a. Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23(3): 287-302." title="Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23 (3): 287 - 302." year="1855 a">1855a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 292) contradicts by addressing both taxa as true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5304BC5E3D98B45360840049FCC7C99" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B77F9C387B6605FB4FEBFA71E4A9CD6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a juvenile specimen procured in South India by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="444DFB0DC6E7AA006AF447478BD3FB89" author="Jerdon, TC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B190" refString="Jerdon, TC, 1853. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22(5): 462-479, (6): 522-534." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22 (5): 462 - 479, (6): 522 - 534." year="1853">Jerdon (1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529; ZSI K 7333), which was later listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BCE3D7DF38280B3CE43402735A78E0CF" author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B365" refString="Theobald, W, 1868a. Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Extra Number, vi+82 pp., Appendix i-iii." title="Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Extra Number, vi + 82 pp., Appendix i-iii." year="1868 a">Theobald (1868a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 47) under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B18D99B676F2205D9B36AEA9CF18364" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" family="Colubridae" genus="Zamenis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zamenis fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="13833AA018DC205B23F0875722D2FCB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zamenis fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="13BAC4BC45FC3B0E55905FF37E8D894C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
From the mid of the 19th century onwards both names fell into oblivion as potential synonyms of the Banded racer. This was probably also due to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8953EFAA356EB7B74B2530EB83BA2E04" author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel (1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pt. Descriptive p. 172) who regarded both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4507A29FB434D76335FDFC5BEBEB99A" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CBEB33EBB29F8D75F41D22FF240F5DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04A770F7A5DACC3B2D1482BFCA99419E" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="122C04566482DA052997EA117D621223" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem as possibly identical with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA94E3B7B360829C2871EBC63A078ECC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber triscalis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="triscalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="610062174941FC38124E66E577844890" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber triscalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BDC2996FF5967B04B8580FB99B276E2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber corallinus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="corallinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="816CEBFFC7B246C6D2A46412B0CC1BC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber corallinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758. The latter two are currently regarded as synonyms of the Caribbean colubrid snake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E157666635F962B4BA952EA948EBECB2" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Liophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liophis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="544C6FD9A021A9E3EB7AA7C7B0EF6BDF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Liophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55AABA82A37AD22C467AFDDD756C9131" class="Reptilia" family="Dipsadidae" genus="Erythrolamprus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrolamprus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9EEEAC297404D658671DB8C64381FE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Erythrolamprus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D40B3F4CC77CD5D0A59FCADC7D62EED3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber triscalis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="triscalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5FBB81E44A63127D6ECB23E9133FB30" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber triscalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A784684F4915E79B0CC1FB5C25BEF5D" author="Dundee, HA" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B120" refString="Dundee, HA, 1994. Current names for Linnaeus's herpetological species in Systema Naturae X. In: Kitchell K jr, Dundee HA. A trilogy on the herpetology of Linnaeus's Systema Naturae X. - Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service, Washington 100, 41-61." title="Current names for Linnaeus's herpetological species in Systema Naturae X. In: Kitchell K jr, Dundee HA. A trilogy on the herpetology of Linnaeus's Systema Naturae X. - Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service, Washington 100, 41 - 61." year="1994">Dundee 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B95E2D12EFDB69D8EB3114C562969504" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA005CAEC607094C1F25AC9A18CAE19F" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4641F687AC37DF4AC7A37D2E06BEFCDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803 however, is threatened for reasons of homonymy by an older name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADAFCACDBAE8423CE87182E36F03A017" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="425FD1BD6FE5C99E8D9BEA60D188CB08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gmelin, 1789, the accepted original combination for the Painted bronzeback (now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D6C1106A39CB05051A61A2049C2FC94" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dendrelaphis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrelaphis pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6DB27F50B45C23EA2B0D6A4DC0EFA7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dendrelaphis pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see ICZN 1958). Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F908AD3B545DCEEA1FF68A58583D4536" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4CAB7BAFC52DC7725006863A5242FED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803 represents a younger primary homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="18EE9806220CF950DEAF32AA15A552CC" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber pictus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8B0E0316241A26D037279FE9FC1FD66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gmelin, 1789 and is unavailable (ICZN 1999, Art. 57.2; see also above the list of synonyms and chresonyms for further homonymous names).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="780730DB7F199FAD29E023ADF43F4405" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B2E94AB43D0AF581A6A4DD6DB7A1AECA" author="Merrem, B" journalOrPublisher="Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv + 191" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B247" refString="Merrem, B, 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien/ Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C. Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv+191" title="Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien / Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C." year="1820">Merrem (1820)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D28A12EFD46520804F3DB0E8873C713F" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CF66C6014765201D15C8B065C2CB5C08" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
account of the "Patza Tutta" and formally named it
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BC9025C0E4B9CC20A40DE61668F56AA" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix Plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="Plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="908B3C059D1B74D2B09F9DD6B1682CB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix Plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. His diagnosis was very short and besides some general features concerning habitus and characteristics of dorsal scales, he mentioned only the number of ventral (202) and subcaudal (91) scales. Additional information can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2FC19930DC9BC0A5D58B00CA484745C6" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1F17A1317F1FE5F7F7341ED8253108F9" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34-35, pl. 29) original text and plate. He described the "Patza Tutta" with the following characters: 1) head small, very little broader than neck, ovate, depressed, 2) two internasals, 3) two prefrontals, larger than internasals but similar in form, 4) two supraoculars, purse-shaped, 5) frontal bell-shaped, 6) parietals semi heart-shaped, truncate, 7) mouth wide jaws unequal, lower considerably shorter, 8) teeth small sharp, reflex, two palatal rows, and one marginal [maxillar], in the upper jaw, 9) eyes distant, lateral, large, orbicular, 10) body round, covered with very small smooth, ovate scales, outer row orbicular, 11) length one foot eleven inches [58.4 cm], tail five inches [12.7 cm], very tapered and sharply pointed, 12) dorsal colour brown, forebody with narrow crossbands, composed of short, black and white lines, behind these, a few obscure reddish-brown bands interspaced by white colour of interstitial skin; bands fading at posterior part of body, 13) outermost dorsal scale row yellow, 14) ventral with pale-yellowish cast. The description resembles the specimen depicted on plate 29 and in comparison with our own and published data (see below) it corresponds to male specimens of the Banded racer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="97FD9839F0510BC702CCBFA9E1765DA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
To our best knowledge,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9BD29A6329E0F1DDCA80FDC32B69BC7C" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="56ED33903A1508B8909FE38A9E1C75A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem, 1820 is the oldest available name for the snake species which is commonly now regarded as Banded racer. Merrem (l.c.) simplified the type locality to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ABB7CBDB583746E74FDD33329E6972B7" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, but according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A08F53FE5E1210AF809C4EE01A7F0A1D" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 35) two specimens of the "Patza Tutta" were sent to him from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1F8D22BB8D3648D7E90F51BA27F17CD" originalValue="“Casemcottah”">"Casemcottah"</normalizedToken>
|
||
by Captain Gowdie in 1788 and by Lieutenant Whyte without year specification (see Appendix Note 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8722B57FE749E7D42666A354B67C9F29" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="6A7A6E0EA8FEE0978B24FDD51A4129A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F9443F0B40743A37C2B671842499324D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
We could not locate the two type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E88AD69EED4E40ED89E3A898C6F91914" authorityName="Merrem" authorityYear="1820" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="A809BBD1BBEE18F60F94B3E2AB363312" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merrem, 1820 among
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4F65950AE37F2D2CA7A650F2FA19F342" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
dry and wet preserved material stored in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K. A wet preserved topotypic male (BMNH 37a) donated by P. Russell according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4E4DD079F55326CE029DE0192596954" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B160" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1858. Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi+281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." title="Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi + 281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." year="1858">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="088C3E099050CCC884BCEAD8E630F1F7" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1858
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 110) from "East Indies", restricted to "Vizagapatam District" by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4AC49621AF892E22406372C3B522BC29" author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">Boulenger (1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 405), does not correspond with the original data for the "Patza Tutta" published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6D1B871697262B1CF42D26A4479D75C0" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
p. 34-35, pl. 29). Because of its lower ventral scale count (199 vs. 202), an incomplete tail (with 51 vs. 91 subcaudals) and a shorter snout-vent length (43.2 vs. 58.5 cm [1 ft 11 inch]), specimen BMNH 37a can be excluded as one of the syntypes. Also among the dried skin collections attributed to Russell (including BMNH 1837.9.26.48-49 and BMNH 1904.7.27.81) no specimen corresponds to his original data of the "Patza Tutta".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA6254E8BB9C27975E342C7161EE7CEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
The same applies to the type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="966576980EB118ECE4360E819470DCC9" authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9C6AB5E698DBE920FFC89B30C57AF07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cantor, 1839 from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="783D4602117F1F3FE64C5B2FDD866907" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
which is not yet located. Although some of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0A94F3BBA3CD4BD3B5D30783229F8479" originalValue="Cantor’s">Cantor's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original specimens are known to be stored in the Natural History Museum, London (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="543D41599F5331606A16179221655C8B" author="Adler, K" editor="Adler, K" journalOrPublisher="SSAR Contributions to the history of herpetology, Volume 2, St. Louis, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="65 - 66" refId="B4" refString="Adler, K, 2007. Cantor, Theodore (1809-1860). In: Adler, K, Ed., Herpetologists of the past. SSAR Contributions to the history of herpetology, Volume 2, St. Louis, New York: 65 - 66" title="Cantor, Theodore (1809 - 1860)." volumeTitle="Herpetologists of the past." year="2007">Adler 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0E067FC87B00D58B4396550FA504AFA" author="Adler, K" journalOrPublisher="SSAR Contributions to the history of herpetology, Volume 2, St. Louis, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B5" refString="Adler, K, 2016. Theodore Cantor (1809-1860): Pioneer scientific herpetologist in China [Introduction]. In: Adler K (Ed.) Theodore Cantor. Zoology of Chusan. SSAR Reprint, Ithaca, New York, v-xi." title="Theodore Cantor (1809 - 1860): Pioneer scientific herpetologist in China [Introduction]. In: Adler K (Ed.) Theodore Cantor. Zoology of Chusan. SSAR Reprint, Ithaca, New York, v-xi." year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we were unable to identify the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="550C1006ACC5B5E920BF0DE0C171E417" lsidName="C. curvirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="8431094392D649B80CE99047602C79F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among the preserved specimens in the collection. A possible candidate donated by the Zoological Society of London to the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) (BMNH 1851.9.13.260 from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="13E19A76BA9496E1C627A493F82E8B96" originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
), can be excluded as the holotype because it does not correspond to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3FF3BB9C4C8B8B7CDB59600F632D1E6E" originalValue="Cantor’s">Cantor's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original data and plate, in respect of the number of ventrals (226 vs. 220) and subcaudals (88 vs. 85). A transcript of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3341B28C33ECB5619BCE3CF918FA89B4" originalValue="Cantor’s">Cantor's</normalizedToken>
|
||
unpublished original manuscript for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CC6824B016DDC53C8CF95FDEEE21FE" lsidName="C. curvirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8F76FA8B4170370DC514BA6B8B72F67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with an expanded description, is presented here in the Appendix (Note 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9F136BE9140909D19196C94782491FBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DF671576410AEED761F309C8C6112059" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="37C604F3F83050725C7E6065011CC182" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Based on our own data and summarized information from literature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99112B50BF2332CC7932F8D720041303" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell 1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0143EE9898CE74310F6C64E74B354296" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7988598C00627BE3240BF9E1113F73CC" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FAC9513F4DA28E5E170005BC7C3A7C51" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="891C58F31A33D6ED8BAF7DE6CA1EC882" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D8D36BDBD5EB1FC57D5602BE0BD0A7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized as follows: (1) dorsal scales smooth in 23-25 (exceptionally 21 or 22) rows at forebody, 23 (exceptionally 21 or 25) at midbody and 17 (exceptionally 16 or 15) before the vent, (2) one to three preventrals followed by 190-234 ventrals, (3) 73-101 paired subcaudals, (4) a divided cloacal plate, (5) nasals divided, in contact with first and second supralabial, naris medium sized (6) internasals smaller than prefrontals, (7) frontal shorter than its distance to tip of snout, as long as or little shorter than parietals, (8) loreal usually slightly longer than high, rarely as long as high or higher than long, exceptionally fused with prefrontal, (9) usually two (80% of examined specimens) exceptionally three preoculars, one larger upper preocular usually in contact with frontal and one (exceptionally two) very small lower presuboculars wedged between third and fourth supralabial, (10) two (exceptionally three) postoculars, (11) supraocular not in contact with prefrontal, (12) temporals variable, in anterior two (rarely three or one) and secondary three (rarely two) rows, (13) eight (exceptionally seven, nine or ten) supralabials, fourth and fifth (rarely fifth and sixth or sixth and seventh) in contact with the eye, (14) usually ten, sometimes nine or eleven sublabials, first four to five in contact with anterior submaxillars, (15) head wide and moderately pointed, barely distinct from neck, body round, olive brown to reddish brown coloured, patternless in adults or with light vermicular pattern in juveniles, (16) iris dark grey or blackish, pupil black with light brown corona, (17) dorsal colour greyish or reddish brown, (18) collar absent, (19) whole body patternless or with indistinct small light bands on forebody in adults; in juveniles with distinct black and white strippled bands reaching lateral edges of ventrals, extending to near vent, (20) supralabials creme brown, patternless, or with small light spots in juveniles (21) throat, ventral body and tail yellowish cream without pattern, (22) hemipenis simple; proximal fourth smooth; distal three fourths covered with small spines gradually decreasing in size distally; distal area with irregular shaped calyces, denser towards the apex (23) total length up to 148 cm, (24) relative tail length 0.19-0.31.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="09C754659BB06400E57BA51679C53639" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="D64DF36CA308F2B9E14B93E49AF12D5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BFB90A4F6C1103E2A85B4F4B11FE123F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Pholidosis: Head 2.17-2.14 times longer than broad (males 1.17-2.14, females 1.22-2.05), canthus rostralis moderate developed. Rostral nearly twice as broad as high, clearly visible from above. Internasals usually shorter than prefrontals, sometimes equal in length in, e.g. BNHS 646 and BNHS 319, or slightly longer in, e.g. BMNH 62.8.14.29, MCZ R-28645, NMW 25465:3 and SMF 50409. Frontal 1.01-1.46 times longer than maximum width (males 1.01-1.46, females 1.02-1.32), 1.05-1.63 times longer than internasals and prefrontals (males 1.05-1.63, females 1.16-1.42), in Pakistani population from southern Sind equal in length in, e.g. SMF 50410 or slightly shorter incl. SMF 50406-407, SMF 50409, SMF 50446, SMF 62922 and in a specimen from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4CC269C7FAFDCA16656B66098D605DAC" originalValue="‘Bombay’">'Bombay'</normalizedToken>
|
||
BNHS 646. Posterior border of parietals usually more or less straight or slightly indented (<shaped) at the median suture or, sometimes, forming an obtuse angle in, e.g. MNHN RA-0.6230. Posterior edge of parietals less than half of the maximum width. Loreal usually longer than high, equal in BNHS 3193, shorter in, e.g. BNHS 2857, BNHS 3107, ZMB 8053 (on right side) and SMF 50407 (on right side) or fused with prefrontal in SMF 62921 (on right side) and SMF 50446 (on both sides). Preocular single or with an additional small pre-subocular below it or rarely with two small pre-suboculars in SMF 62922. Preocular in contact with frontal or rarely separated in, e.g. MNHN RA-0.6230.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0DED7316FAEC3A48FA02191E2CD187A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Predominantly eight supralabials, last two or three being larger (longer), fifth highest; nine in BMNH 1921.6.15.14-15, SMF 57311 (on left side), BNHS 3175 (on both sides), or seven in MCZ R-28645 (on right side). Usually fourth and fifth supralabials in contact with eye, fifth and sixth sometimes in specimens with nine supralabials, e.g. SMF 57311. Two postoculars except in a specimen from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3D930E96AD0A10AC0F115FBB204EDE27" originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
without exact locality (BMNH 62.8.14.29) with three postoculars on left side; upper scale somewhat wider, lower usually higher. Normally two anterior temporals, sometimes three including BMNH 62.8.14.29 and NMW 18160 (on left side) and SMF 57311 (on right side), exceptionally one in NMW 25465:3 (on both sides). Secondary temporals variable, mostly three, sometimes two e.g. SMF 57312, SMF 50407 and SMF 50446 (on both sides), BNHS 642, SMF 62921, SMF 50406, and SMF 50410 (on left side) and BNHS 3107, SMF 50409 and SMF 62922 (on right side), or exceptionally four in e.g. ZMA RENA 12554 (left side). Mostly ten sublabials, sometimes eleven, including BMNH 1921.6.15.14 and SMF 57311 (on both sides), SMF 50407 and BMNH 37A (on left side), BNHS 646, BNHS 3175, SMF 50406 and SMF 50410 (on right side), or rarely nine, e.g. SMF 62922 (both sides); the anterior four to five scales in contact with first inframaxillary, the sixth or rarely seventh largest. Anterior inframaxillars normally longer and wider than, or about equal to, posterior pair, except in BMNH 62.8.14.29, BNHS 657, BNHS 3093, BNHS 3107, MNHN RA-0.6230, SMF 50407, SMF 62921-62922 and ZMB 8053. The posterior pair of inframaxillars usually separated by two or three rows of gular scales of variable shape and size. Gulars in three to four oblique rows between the apical edge of the posterior inframaxillars and first ventral. Ventrals in examined material 190-231 (males 190-220, females 215-231), last plate divided in SMF 50407. Usually two, sometimes one or three preventrals. Cloacal plate divided, right part overlapping left. Subcaudals in 73-101 pairs (males 81-101, females 73-89). Total body scales, including preventrals and terminal scale 273-321 (males 273-315, females 296-321). Dorsal scales, usually arranged in 23-25/23/17 rows along the trunk. Three specimens from Maharashtra (BMNH 3093, BMNH 642 and BMNH 646) show 27 anterior DSR; one specimen each from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6E42C031319CE21800D5A53C34BEB095" originalValue="“Calcutta”">"Calcutta"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(NMW 25463: 3),
|
||
<normalizedToken id="98C515A6D90DC42430A0BD87EF711948" originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(BMNH 37 A), and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1557BBFFCADC1145DC1E606EB9924D6B" originalValue="“Bangalore”">"Bangalore"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(BMNH 1920.7.7.5) shows 21, 22 and 24 anterior DSR respectively. One specimen from Sind (SMF 50409) with 25 and one from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="17E25C72F74957FD4C23D54C686ADB58" originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(BMNH 37 A) with only 21 midbody DSR and two specimens from Bangalore (BMNH 1921.615.14, BMNH 1920.7.7.5) with 16 DSR at posterior part of body. In contrast to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5452C13AF5658FC79B41B72DF176B531" author="Constable, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="59 - 160" refId="B74" refString="Constable, JD, 1949. Reptiles from the Indian Peninsula in the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy 103 (2): 59 - 160" title="Reptiles from the Indian Peninsula in the Museum of Comparative Zooelogy." volume="103" year="1949">Constable (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
we counted 23 midbody DSR instead of 21 for MCZ R-28645 from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="82A37095071F9C8288F94FA818AAEF3D" originalValue="“Bangalore”">"Bangalore"</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Dorsal scale with paired apical pits. Supracaudal scales usually with two apical pits, up to three pits on the first three scales followed the supracaudal reduction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="62F1CD21678174F21F285C6400E16BCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Dorsal scale reduction formula summarized from 31 examined specimens (see Appendix 10; divergent data from literature [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0170EF7185859AF7FAFB1ADF5CB6F951" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] in square brackets). Only main reductions are given.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="98937702CBFEE556894D13D9A06D3088" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">2+3, 3+4, or 10+11 (6-11) 2+3, 3+4, 7+8, 8+9, 9+10, or 10+11 (65-131) [79-133]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="35E9BA6897B2614D1A78948C4B364E70" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="44D38467F08748F4D416516F2D5FD1B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">25</emphasis>
|
||
--------------------------------
|
||
<emphasis id="EF1180C5CBCA086BEC6AFB6EE9390E03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">23</emphasis>
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5676BD3B7B63F3A8C1ED7CFEBCB440F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">3+4, or 10+11 (5-9) 2+3, 3+4, 7+8, 8+9, 9+10, or 10+11 (63-131) [82-129]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C078489A58D3DBB36A4F4733762B3231" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">2+3, 3+4, 4+5, 8+9, 9+10, or 10+11 (68-145) [105-137]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5BBC7848FC1AFA6797B239378C16F590" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="7ED562BA77DABC071DF6D6C3CCA538EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">21</emphasis>
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1EC8AB862556C63CF54FB480FF7BA50F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">1+2, 2+3, 3+4, 4+5, 7+8, 8+9, or 9+10 (68-142) [107-138]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C328D43784233C4B527A3B6F20F83C18" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">4+5, 6+7, 7+8, 8+9, or 9+10 (111-192) [157-174] 7+8 (188-194)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6CBCE30592A6A893505426B693E34D0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB145702CDB623ADB1A86981C3528790" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">19</emphasis>
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
<emphasis id="1C880F80B70B49B975707CCB3424F7D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">17</emphasis>
|
||
---------------------------
|
||
<emphasis id="FB6702AB5B354EAD52E16F34F2763664" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">15</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA715D97D15E0AB2B5F773529CCFE457" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">3+4, 4+5, 7+8, 8+9, or 9+10 (112-191) [156-178] 7+8, or 8+9 (190-195)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="49D6EE4F180B27EE806E130A0C099FF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Six examined specimens (BMNH 1851.9.13.260, BMNH 1920.7.7.5, BMNH 1921.6.15.14, BMNH 1940.3.4.45, NMW 18160, and SMF 50409, all females) show an additional lateral or bilateral increase to 18 or 19 dorsal scale rows involving rows one to three between 89 and 99% of ventrals.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FD4886A1038BB341A645A0E7BC1FFACC" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="hemipenis (based on zsi-czrc-v-6416, pune, left organ, fig. 11)">
|
||
<paragraph id="92F35CA12BF031C8B845FA87A76E9E1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Hemipenis (based on ZSI-CZRC-V-6416, Pune, left organ, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2A564C33E99905429225317F3B0BB6A5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Hemipenis of Platyceps plinii comb. nov. (ZSI-CZRC-V- 6416, left organ) from Pune, Maharashtra state, India: A. lateral, B. asulcal, and C. sulcal view. Scale bar 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542393" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8153431978C0599DAD473A5A6841F56C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">The hemipenis reaches up to 13th subcaudals and is 36.9 mm in length and 8.2 mm maximum width at midbody and apex. It is divided into three distinct areas; the proximal area (nearly 30% of the total hemipenial length) is smooth without any ornamentation, middle zone (about 25% of the total hemipenial length) is with evenly scattered spinules and the apical calyculated portion (45% of the total hemipenial length). No enlarged spines are present, but the size of spinules at the proximal end are slightly larger than the ones at the distal end. The calyculated area can be further divided almost equally into proximal half with large calyces and distal half with smaller and denser calyces. The sulcus spermaticus is single, bounded with thick walls, runs straight across its length and opens into a delta (3 mm wide at apex, 1.9 mm in length), which is nude. The delta is subapical in position and the apex is calyculated, edged with fewer papillae. At the sulcate side, the calyces are larger proximally and gradually smaller and denser towards the distal end. The distal calyces are scalloped and edged with papillae. Along the asulcate side the spinous area starts more distally than the sulcate and lateral side. After the spinous zone, there are 2-3 rows of large calyces followed by densely packed calyces towards the apex. The proximal large calyces (9-10 in number) are of uneven size (mostly rounded or pentagonal) and among them the distal ones are scalloped. The large scalloped calyces are of 2.2-2.7 mm in length and 1.9-2.5 mm in width.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4CFC0F3C4D8F0E420C26539C9C5EEF2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6AE53D4A7BA70DF64DED70DA9556684C" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that the hemipenis is clavate, but in a fully inflated organ it starts widening from the middle and from the asulcate side there is a slight constriction between the midbody and apex. The ornamentation in ZSI-CZRC-6416 from Pune and ZSI-CZRC-6284 matches with that of LSUMZ 9425 as provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C709B3CED52750593CDF98619EEA2799" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the only available drawing of the organ as provided by the author is of the sulcate side, but apparently, differentiations in calyces are seen at the asulcate side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="89853D5B0E9B505F156DCBF2C15A3E42" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="dentition (based on zmb 8053, male, bengalen)">
|
||
<paragraph id="7EC04285C6581B4CD736C791CFD04FAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dentition (based on ZMB 8053, male, Bengalen).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B3BA8AA0C7353C0C2C509B7012044827" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">15/15 maxillary teeth, the anterior 13/13 precranterian teeth are increasing in size posteriorly and are followed by a small diastema and 2/2 enlarged roundish cranterian teeth without groove. All maxillary teeth are slightly curved posteriorly, without significant interspaces. Medial to the precranterian teeth are single replacement tooth at different growth stages. One to two replacement teeth per cranterian tooth are found posteromedially to each tooth, showing different growth stages. 11/11 palatine teeth, decreasing in size posteriorly. All are curved posteriorly shortly above the base. Lateral to the palatine teeth there is a single replacement tooth at different growth stages. No significant interspace exists between the different palatine teeth. Posteromedial process of palatine large, expanding two pterygoid teeth. 13/12 pterygoid teeth, decreasing in size posteriorly. All are curved posteriorly shortly above the base. Lateral to the pterygoid teeth there is a single replacement tooth at different growth stages. No significant interspace exists between the different palatine teeth. The posterior 57% of the pterygoid are without teeth. 17/17 mandibular teeth, increasing in size up to tooth 5/5 and from there decreasing in size posteriorly. All are slightly curved posteriorly. Medial to the mandibular teeth there are 1-2 replacement teeth at different growth stages.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EF96F8993FAFAEF2D688E86C79D71DBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="0AAEDF5BEFD3BA3D1D7E50B3F2D4AA67" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Variation in dentition.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="22A3B78D8187FFDD6BD280725EDC6B7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="525AB6A358165D6B24BD0CC0406FF647" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on one skull from his collection described 13 subequal maxillary teeth which are followed by a diastema which is as large as one tooth and followed by two little larger posterior teeth. He described 11 palatine, 15 to 16 pterygoid teeth all decreasing in length posteriorly and 18 mandibular teeth which increasing in length up to the fifth tooth and from there decrease in length posteriorly.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3C4058825073744BECC490AE8533DF2" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith (1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 159, fig. 48 D) depicted an upper jaw with 13 precranterian teeth which are increasing very slightly in size posteriorly and are followed by a distinct diastema and a pair of enlarged cranterian teeth.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E8E21B6779AE9C365BA51DC0398A5B29" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 271) mentioned like
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8740F4B5DFE473867F5DD0EBBDC6245" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith (1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 170), 12 -14 maxillary teeth followed by a distinct diastema but in contrast to the latter, Wilson (l. c.) identified the following two cranterian teeth as unenlarged and counted 9-11 palatine teeth, 14-17 pterygoid teeth, and 14-18 mandibular teeth. The dentition of four Indian specimens (BMNH 37a, see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9229899FAE81E5164A060CD6C267F8D9" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Skull of Platyceps plinii comb. nov. (BMNH 37 a) from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh state, India: A. lateral, B. ventral (tooth bearing and connecting bones virtually extracted), C. dorsal and D. ventral view (lower jaw virtually extracted). Scale bar 1.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542394" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">12</figureCitation>
|
||
; MCZ R-28645; NMW 25465:3 and ZMB 4786a) is characterized by 12-14 maxillary teeth followed by a diastema (except MCZ R-28645, without diastema) and two enlarged cranterian teeth, 9-11 palatine teeth with a posteriomedial process of palatine expanding two or three pterygoid teeth, 13-17 pterygoid teeth with 48-52% of the posterior pterygoid without teeth, and 16-19 mandibular teeth, increasing in size up to tooth 4-6 and from there decreasing in size posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5A5CD2A48F2C12C8911F3AE0EFC7DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Four specimens from Pakistan (SMF 50410, SMF 57312 and SMF 62921-22) show 12-14 maxillary teeth followed by a diastema (except SMF 50410, without diastema) and two enlarged cranterian teeth, 9-11 palatine teeth with a posteriomedial process of palatine expanding two pterygoid teeth, 14-17 pterygoid teeth with 48-58% of the posterior pterygoid without teeth, and 17-20 mandibular teeth, increasing in size up to tooth 4-7 and from there decreasing in size posteriorly.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C95B299751C43D39EC61D66C7ED9BE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F87299763B2B433A5A65A7CE496010E" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dimensions and proportions.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A40B356D008291BF162C5EB5CF4C6CD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
The body is robust, moderately stout, roundish in cross-section at midbody. Head moderately pointed, barely distinct from neck. Eye large, 16-24% of head length. Male specimens grow slightly larger than females; the longest examined specimens are from Sind, Pakistan including a male (SMF 50446) with 1482 mm and a female (SMF 50409) with 1361 mm total length. The longest Indian specimen was reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A66B9174898AE6FBAADB5D30A843935E" author="Gharpurey, KG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination=": 1084" refId="B145" refString="Gharpurey, KG, 1931. An unusually large Shaw's Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 34 (4): 1084" title="An unusually large Shaw's Rat Snake (Zamenis fasciolatus)." volume="34" year="1931">Gharpurey (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Ahmednagar, Maharashtra with 1422 mm total length. The smallest male (NMW 25465: 3) with 336 mm and the smallest female (SMF 57311) with 553 mm total length came from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0226A8D885C56FD4AA3DB01260F4464F" originalValue="“Calcutta”">"Calcutta"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Sind respectively. The tail versus body length ratio ranges from 0.21 to 0.31 (males 0.21-0.31, females 0.23-0.28). For ten specimens from Telangana state, India measured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="381E9C99904B69B6D2A7B0F7FF3D5BA4" author="Seetharamaraju, M" journalOrPublisher="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B316" refString="Seetharamaraju, M, 2014. Taxonomy, diversity, distribution and ecology of snakes in Telangana. PhD Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, (3)+xxxvi+347 pp." title="Taxonomy, diversity, distribution and ecology of snakes in Telangana. PhD Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, (3) + xxxvi + 347 pp." year="2014">Seetharamaraju (2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 95 ff.) the tail versus body length ratio ranges from 0.19 to 0.23 (males 0.19, females 0.19-0.23).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="63810331168B640DBA601038C8B3002F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="colour and pattern (fig. 9 a–k and fig. 10 a–j)">
|
||
<paragraph id="6A6F31B64E1458DEAD055EB92FCD5016" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Colour and pattern (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CA4A9B1087953D12EB64AFDC9EBAF06" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. in life from various parts of India. Adults: A. ZSI-CZRC- 6384 (male, SVL: 491) from Baripada, Odisha state, B. Uncollected specimen from Pune, Maharashtra state, C. ZSI-CZRC-V- 6416 (male, SVL: 815) from Pune, Maharashtra state, and D. Uncollected female from Amaravati, Maharashtra state. Hatchlings / juveniles: E. ZSI-CZRC-V- 6329 (subadult male, SVL: 355) from Choudwar, Odisha state, F. Uncollected specimen from Pune, Maharashtra state, G. Uncollected specimen from Amboli, Maharashtra state, and H. Uncollected specimen from Yavatmal, Maharashtra state. SVL in mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542391" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">9 A-K</figureCitation>
|
||
and Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EA47785FAD480530411C2BB2CDC367FF" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Platyceps plinii comb nov. Variation of neck pattern in specimens from various parts of India. Adults: A. NCBS-AQ 492 (female, SVL: 820) from Bangalore, Karnataka state B. BMNH 62.8.14.29 (female, SVL: 854 mm) from Bengal, C. ZSI-CZRC- 7111 (female, SVL: 965) Kabeerdham, Chhattisgarh state and D. BNHS 2857 (female, SVL: 746) Pune, Maharashtra state, E. ZSI-CZRC 6331 (male, SVL: 713) from Bhandara, Maharashtra state. Hatchlings / juveniles: F. BNHS 657 (male, SVL: 331) from Satna, Madhya Pradesh state, G. BNHS 639 (sex unknown, SVL: 212) from Saugor, Madhya Pradesh state, H. BNHS 637 (sex unknown, SVL: 222) from Ambala, Punjab state, I. BMNH 37 A (male, SVL: 432) from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh state, and J. ZSI-CZRC 6330 (male, SVL: 350) from Cuttack, Odisha state. Scale bar 10 mm; SVL in mm." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542392" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">10 A-J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E625BCC23E39C23D737DE54E75402248" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dorsal colour and pattern show a significant ontogenetic change. In juvenile and subadult specimens the dorsal ground colour is olive-brown to light brown, the head dorsally slightly darker with narrow elongated irregular shaped whitish markings. Along the body up to 70 narrow whitish/black or dark brown stippled crossbars, usually two scales wide and in contact with lateral edges of ventrals. The first band is separated from the posterior border of parietals, the interspace between bands is three to four dorsal scales wide. The intensity of bands decreases posteriorly and the contours become blurred near to the vent. Dorsocaudally the bands are dissolved in an irregular fine pattern of light and dark points. Temporals, preoculars and supralabials can show small whitish spots. From about 600 mm total length the colour and pattern of young specimens begin to fade and disappear gradually. Adult specimens are dorsally dark brown to dark reddish-brown without any markings on head, body or tail. The ventral side of head, body and tail in all age classes is patternless yellowish cream.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="125C61318A3B42BFBBEAF9F99E9CCCBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="218EEA9731757CE59A24482C167F1F81" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4DD585F5859750CDB02B669FB20EE89B" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F979FFEB591FB795765EFEAA0E2E0538" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="061A4ADDA313CD45CFA0FE728520B42F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is commonly believed to occur from Pakistan in the West to Bangladesh in the East with a North to South distribution from Nepal to Sri Lanka (see e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="42B54F013FEE2C85F51EE52A568DEDE2" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6113DA84E323BD8F2FBA457E5372E183" author="Mahendra, BC" journalOrPublisher="The Annales of Zoology, Agra - 2 (India), 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B237" refString="Mahendra, BC, 1984. Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. The Annales of Zoology, Agra - 2 (India), 22" title="Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh, and Pakistan." year="1984">Mahendra 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0DC2D88DAD068689DCFBBD14E29D43E3" author="Welch, KRG" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B402" refString="Welch, KRG, 1988. Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii+183 pp." title="Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii + 183 pp." year="1988">Welch 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2858F5A0AC1AA54DD54B44801DCC5523" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">Daniel 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9CC8999B68F6970BA569E7EA858DB47D" author="Gruber, U" editor="Schleich, HH" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="803 - 950" refId="B159" refString="Gruber, U, 2002. Family Colubridae (Colubrid snakes). In: Schleich, HH, Kaestle, W, Eds., Amphibians and reptiles of Nepal. A.R.G. Gantner K.G., Ruggell: 803 - 950" title="Family Colubridae (Colubrid snakes)." volumeTitle="Amphibians and reptiles of Nepal." year="2002">Gruber 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E314E733D04A7E411D6340CB58B5D5A" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="341F2F3954ECF12AC963D600901058BB" author="Sharma, RC" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 8, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B333" refString="Sharma, RC, 2007. Fauna of India and adjacent countries. Reptilia. Volume-III (Serpentes). Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xxvi+410 pp." title="Fauna of India and adjacent countries. Reptilia. Volume-III (Serpentes). Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, xxvi + 410 pp." year="2007">Sharma 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="729642F3090C4AA6A9F4C77696B43A55" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3466D509678C0B66AD7B333B2B6D3D27" DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ69-3-2019-04" author="Das, S" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="311 - 325" refId="B98" refString="Das, S, Campbell, PD, Roy, S, Mukherjee, S, Pramanick, K, Biswas, A, Raha, S, 2019. Cranial osteology and molecular phylogeny of Argyrogena fasciolata (Shaw, 1802) (Colubridae: Serpentes). Vertebrate Zoology 69 (3): 311 - 325, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ69-3-2019-04" title="Cranial osteology and molecular phylogeny of Argyrogena fasciolata (Shaw, 1802) (Colubridae: Serpentes)." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/VZ69-3-2019-04" volume="69" year="2019">Das et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F6939349E4EDB6EA70B2182AE289D76E" author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We analyzed pertinent literature and locality information from museum specimens to present a list of localities corrected and updated for each country (see below and Appendix 9 Gazetteer).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="42E777C92934BBD0483092F8E33BEA2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
According to our current knowledge,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93AFD99B0B1B5878D33D23D8633E1108" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="4EE34B1AD8FE393403C2A16691BC44BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known with certainty from India and Pakistan. In India it is recorded from the states of Andhra Pradesh (Kasimkota [Casemcottah, type locality], Eluru, Nallamala Hills, Pulicat Lake, Rajahmundry, Rollapenta, Sundipentha/Sikharam, Thummalapalle mine and Visakhapatnam), Bihar (Munger, Patna, Tinpahar and Rajmahal), Chhattisgarh (Pharsabhar), Goa (Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary and Panaji), Gujarat (Baroda, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Dahod, Dangs, Gandhinagar, Girnar Hill, Gir Forest, Kala Gadba, nr. Mahal, Mehsana, Panchmahal, Sabarkantha, Samot, Surat, Valsad, Vansda National Park and Vijapur), Haryana (Ambala), Jharkhand (Hazaribag District), Karnataka (Balekola, Chincholi Forest, Belgaum, Coimbatore, Coorg, Hosar, Mysuru and Shivamogga), Kerala (Muthanga in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary), Madhya Pradesh (Bhopal district, Barkatullah University Campus, Dewas, Dumna Nature Park, Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur, Kanha National Park, Katra Hills, Mandla, Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Sagar, Satpura Tiger Reserve, Shahdol, Sita Hill and Ujjain), Maharashtra (Akola district, Ahmednagar, Ale nr. Narayangon, Atpadi, Aurangabad, Bassein Fort, Bohali, Borivali (Gorai) mangroves, Buldhana district, Chink Hill, Dahanu Forest Division, Deolali, Devagad, Ghorawadi nr. Talegaon, Jalgaon, Jawhar, Juvem, Kaas Plateau, Khandala, Kolhapur district, Konkan region, Kurduvadi, Malegaon, Marol, Mokhada, Mumbai, Nagar, Nagpur, Nanded, Navegaon National Park, Navi, Panchgani, Parel, Parvati-Pachgaon Hills, Powai, Pune, Ranidoh region, Thana, Vidarbha region, Vidyanagari, Visapur and Yavatmal), Odisha (Gandhamardan Hills, Nandankanan, Choudwar, Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Baripada and Bhadrak), Puducherry, Rajasthan (near Hemavas Dam, Pratapgarh district and Ramri), Tamil Nadu (Chennai and Hosur Hills), Telangana (Farahabad, Hyderabad region, Ippalapally, Jannaram, Kerimeri, Khanapur, Kinnerasani, Old Bowenpally, Rushulacheruvu, Tarnaka and Vijayapuri), Uttar Pradesh (Mathura region, Faizabad, Prayagraj and Varanasi), West Bengal (Dum Dum, Durgapur, Kolkata and Panchet Hill). The westernmost published record of the Banded racer comes from the Girnat Hill or Girnagar in the Junagadh district of Gujarat, approximately 70°31' East (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="93FED0D43FC6F34A11415D951E27811C" author="Patel, H" journalOrPublisher="- Journal of Animal Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="9 - 35" refId="B279" refString="Patel, H, Vyas, R, Dudhatra, B, Naik, V, Chavda, A, Chauhan, D, Vaghashiya, A, Vagadiya, R, Vaghashiya, P, 2019a. Preliminary report on herpetofauna of Mount Girnar, Gujarat, India. - Journal of Animal Diversity 1 (2): 9 - 35" title="Preliminary report on herpetofauna of Mount Girnar, Gujarat, India." volume="1" year="2019 a">Patel et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="269C2A96AEF67749BFF251D6934CF238" author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Annual Report and List of Accessions" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="43 - 46" refId="B23" refString="Anonymous, 1870. Accessions to the Museum in July 1870 II. Reptilia. Indian Museum. Annual Report and List of Accessions 1870: 43 - 46" title="Accessions to the Museum in July 1870 II. Reptilia. Indian Museum." volume="1870" year="1870">Anonymous (1870)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD1E66F4A85C3D67087C9513D78011EC" author="Anderson, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="12 - 39" refId="B17" refString="Anderson, J, 1871. A list of the reptilian accession to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, from 1865 to 1870, with a description of some new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II) 40 (1): 12 - 39" title="A list of the reptilian accession to the Indian Museum, Calcutta, from 1865 to 1870, with a description of some new species." volume="40" year="1871">Anderson (1871)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="716099D3EAF1F942424BE9210549E271" author="Stoliczka, F" journalOrPublisher="Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B358" refString="Stoliczka, F, 1871b. Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40(2): 421-445, pl. 25+26." title="Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40 (2): 421 - 445, pl. 25 + 26." year="1871 b">Stoliczka (1871b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72E24F83074C5EE75331915F77D8918F" author="Sclater, W" journalOrPublisher="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B315" refString="Sclater, W, 1891. List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, x+79 pp." title="List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta, x + 79 pp." year="1891">Sclater (1891)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5FC61C36353235D767A5D4BFFB9721B3" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="65DB38B75B5BA5C0433367501ECC552F" author="Ahmed, S" editor="Gosh," journalOrPublisher="Part 2. - Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 3, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 65" refId="B12" refString="Ahmed, S, Dasgupta, G, 1992. Reptilia. In: Gosh, , Ed., Fauna of West Bengal. Part 2. - Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 3, Calcutta: 1 - 65" title="Reptilia." volumeTitle="Fauna of West Bengal." year="1992">Ahmed and Dasgupta (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the actual westernmost distributional border for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C147B3E496282146C5AF1F1A8D8CF02B" lsidName="P. plinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="20B88D84FE8434FF74C7AEB34F0E82F5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">P. plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lies in West Bengal state of India, near Kolkata approximately 88°25' East (incl. ZSI-K 7332, don. Joseph Fayrer 1870, ZSI-K 7334 don. John F. Galiffe, and the specimen from Dum Dum illustrated on sketch 63 of the Hardwicke collection in the Natural History Museum, London; see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B5A65890A677A4710D48B547B418160" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. Previously unpublished original colour-painting from the Thomas Hardwicke collection of sketches (Volume II, sketch 63) kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. (see also Smith 1943, p. 529). Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542390" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="481FCA2AA6F82AE20577DCABEF5A3494" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542390" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="51319DD93B322B72E65C91FA2C1172BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="7BE05503A0C8453895611354E608EC00" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D57BAB274E27F7D5178C12EF4E848F69" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="63B98EE019DA05695D26B8642551F578" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. Previously unpublished original colour-painting from the Thomas Hardwicke collection of sketches (Volume II, sketch 63) kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K. (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE0A37616E38536A658A96102C6C7E94" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529). Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="6F2013DC7F6E95044117117361E37C37" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542391" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph id="D35C4B38A53BF8CBE06A768A1389E27F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="403D23437B857E9B7CC1698F0F6FC090" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F69BE0DFB8B8378A27E3DED7877508" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="9F909C44B850695504CD1FF6E87D6E14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. in life from various parts of India. Adults:
|
||
<emphasis id="9AE9C1A506C22C922BA95ACC642012C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
ZSI-CZRC-6384 (male, SVL: 491) from Baripada, Odisha state,
|
||
<emphasis id="70DCCF1B059628119A239463F3DC448F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncollected specimen from Pune, Maharashtra state,
|
||
<emphasis id="1BC9A196C822FD993DAFB0F9F86E3DDB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C.</emphasis>
|
||
ZSI-CZRC-V-6416 (male, SVL: 815) from Pune, Maharashtra state, and
|
||
<emphasis id="FE985B547CAAEAAB2956FA41F3DB8A65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncollected female from Amaravati, Maharashtra state. Hatchlings/juveniles:
|
||
<emphasis id="F95312FFE9564C33E4AD3AF81BA5A570" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">E</emphasis>
|
||
. ZSI-CZRC-V-6329 (subadult male, SVL: 355) from Choudwar, Odisha state,
|
||
<emphasis id="6AA199D1FC13A3F8A9142CD6A3218BC9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Uncollected specimen from Pune, Maharashtra state,
|
||
<emphasis id="FA23EAA65D25D174A6C5AF18C059BE00" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Uncollected specimen from Amboli, Maharashtra state, and
|
||
<emphasis id="7C7A23EA0B4244D7A52B85CCC5D3D4D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncollected specimen from Yavatmal, Maharashtra state. SVL in mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D05C2B9A4F5223C717352F1C8A594C4A" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542392" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="D0FB6CB649593B489529843BC100561F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="42EE83C9406A242C8A79156819523FB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68400E9476F6BC34FB14225084CBFAB7" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="5C1A23C0E3005623F55858F93BAB9440" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb nov. Variation of neck pattern in specimens from various parts of India. Adults:
|
||
<emphasis id="312E69AEED486DC2A19888A2834CD7DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
NCBS-AQ492 (female, SVL: 820) from Bangalore, Karnataka state
|
||
<emphasis id="F607F74DEB8E7CF867FC7A8C643BDE5A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
BMNH 62.8.14.29 (female, SVL: 854 mm) from Bengal,
|
||
<emphasis id="A8F455AC8BA0A21EBB7124CE634322F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C.</emphasis>
|
||
ZSI-CZRC-7111 (female, SVL: 965) Kabeerdham, Chhattisgarh state and
|
||
<emphasis id="507E634C68A548B83FF7A9766B467728" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">D.</emphasis>
|
||
BNHS 2857 (female, SVL: 746) Pune, Maharashtra state,
|
||
<emphasis id="08A909FECE4313F3EA7358DD0600F262" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">E.</emphasis>
|
||
ZSI-CZRC 6331 (male, SVL: 713) from Bhandara, Maharashtra state. Hatchlings/juveniles:
|
||
<emphasis id="4EFC28FF4114448BB8EA3681FC1E31D8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">F.</emphasis>
|
||
BNHS 657 (male, SVL: 331) from Satna, Madhya Pradesh state,
|
||
<emphasis id="2C7EE65A8BC712A10304CCBF8C3683E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">G.</emphasis>
|
||
BNHS 639 (sex unknown, SVL: 212) from Saugor, Madhya Pradesh state,
|
||
<emphasis id="DB2F774B5299060F0F10594279D9E0E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">H.</emphasis>
|
||
BNHS 637 (sex unknown, SVL: 222) from Ambala, Punjab state,
|
||
<emphasis id="EBCDE5AF07F7580932E4F65F632C5742" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">I.</emphasis>
|
||
BMNH 37A (male, SVL: 432) from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh state, and
|
||
<emphasis id="FFE056B7DE6831298B5007A460D09D25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">J.</emphasis>
|
||
ZSI-CZRC 6330 (male, SVL: 350) from Cuttack, Odisha state. Scale bar 10 mm; SVL in mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="30BDF19DCD7CB5E95D381CA2949DF714" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542393" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph id="E36CDD66FD12272A400ADA53F115CE0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="B02C3AB6B2608F86870588E15006F8C5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Hemipenis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E8F0F2B1D148E477DBE3876E476D9C3" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="54D37AF1D8AE87A92EF1E3E87B3A71C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. (ZSI-CZRC-V-6416, left organ) from Pune, Maharashtra state, India:
|
||
<emphasis id="CD9DD71989A993C8D4CE3B666AC9FE4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB7BD63C82DBC72BE8D86789E3BDD56F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
asulcal, and
|
||
<emphasis id="9986991F93218B5C6516D7773A861E09" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C.</emphasis>
|
||
sulcal view. Scale bar 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2BC6F9FD0AB31F00C360F00D9C29F160" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
In Pakistan confirmed records are known from the Indus plain in Sindh province (nr. Badin, Hala, Jati, Lakarna, Makli Hills, Mohenjo-daro, Pir Patho, Raj Malk, Sonda, and Tatta) and some authors mentioned southern and central Punjab without specific locality (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7EF9DC105B1819817B0AA6FC6C6982B9" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="113 - 171" refId="B209" refString="Khan, MS, 1980. Affinities and zoogeography of Herpetiles of Pakistan. Biologica 26 (1-2): 113 - 171" title="Affinities and zoogeography of Herpetiles of Pakistan." volume="26" year="1980">Khan 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8511CA283B91AB448EB89E43A3529637" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="4 - 5" refId="B210" refString="Khan, MS, 1982. Some notes on snakes in Pakistan. Hamadryad 7 (1): 4 - 5" title="Some notes on snakes in Pakistan." volume="7" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9FCA1A701774E77FDB51689060816239" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B213" refString="Khan, MS, 2002. Die Schlangen Pakistans. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" title="Die Schlangen Pakistans." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1226C14C7554667A63667E9E3692052D" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Herpetological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B215" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi+311 pp." title="Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi + 311 pp." year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We found only one record with more precise information for Punjab from the Lal Suhanra National Park in Bahawalpur published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E0DD7BAC470CD75D15DA8FEEC67E45FF" author="Khan, BN" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1725 - 1734" refId="B205" refString="Khan, BN, Ahmad, R, Ali, Z, Yasmeen, R, Azhar, M, Abid, F, Mehmood, S, Raza, H, 2018. Study of vertebrate diversity at Lal Suhanra National Park, Pakistan. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 28 (6): 1725 - 1734" title="Study of vertebrate diversity at Lal Suhanra National Park, Pakistan." volume="28" year="2018">Khan et al. (2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 1731).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A109FF3F3C1028C8F9930391BFDF29AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="938D6D5C408FC7DD3B76AFC9404E048C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Unconfirmed or erroneous distribution records.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F31D5B964D4B157B570909BCD95E1267" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Sporadically the Banded racer is mentioned for the Himalayan region in northwestern and northeastern India.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89C8633A8D4399C4756C508C39E04C6B" author="Mahajan, KK" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="301 - 312" refId="B236" refString="Mahajan, KK, Agrawal, HP, 1976. Report on a collection of reptile fauna from Simla Hills, Himachal Pradesh. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 71: 301 - 312" title="Report on a collection of reptile fauna from Simla Hills, Himachal Pradesh." volume="71" year="1976">Mahajan and Agrawal (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A7A4F4BA77DAE4B2997817D94842880" author="Agrawal, HP" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Journal of Zootomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="115 - 124" refId="B10" refString="Agrawal, HP, 1979. A check-list of reptiles of Himachal Pradesh, India. The Indian Journal of Zootomy 20 (2): 115 - 124" title="A check-list of reptiles of Himachal Pradesh, India." volume="20" year="1979">Agrawal (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published records (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5978C67FC0EF856AD2F7DEE311D0ADA5" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9DEAEACAC974F60E3FA350162EB29B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from Saproon village and the Gambhar bridge from an elevation of 1513 m and 1485 m a.s.l. respectively. Both localities are situated in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh state of India. From Uttarakhand state the Banded racer was listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="439C5B45CAC993A94289DCF746A12B53" author="Sharma, S" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B335" refString="Sharma, S, 2004. Observation on some snake species of Kedernath WLS, Garhwal Himalaya. Reptile Rap 6: 3." title="Observation on some snake species of Kedernath WLS, Garhwal Himalaya. Reptile Rap 6: 3." year="2004">Sharma (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Sokharak, Mandal Rest House and Mandal-Chopta road in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary located between 1500 and 3300 m a.s.l. in the Chamoli and Rudraprayag districts, and by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD943B321E2815493DF801DA8A5CB48A" author="Bahuguna, A" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B33" refString="Bahuguna, A, 2010. Reptilia. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.): Fauna of Uttarakhand, (Part 1), Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 18, Kolkata, 445-503." title="Reptilia. In: Zool. Surv. India (Ed.): Fauna of Uttarakhand, (Part 1), Vertebrates. Zoological Survey of India, State Fauna Series 18, Kolkata, 445 - 503." year="2010">Bahuguna (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the Corbett Tiger Reserve (now Jim Corbett National Park). Since these reports, no further specimens from the Himalayan range of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand have become known and because of the fact that these localities are considerably above the average altitudinal distribution of this species (see below), we suspect that these records are based on incorrect determinations (Abhijit Das, pers. comm. 2020) and consider the records to be very doubtful. The Banded racer is also listed from the Eastern Himalayas by e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="820226C336F70E279DEE8A061D05945C" author="Jha, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B191" refString="Jha, A, Thapa, K, 2002. Reptiles & amphibians of Sikkim. Mrs. S. Jha Publ., Raipur, 6+100 pp." title="Reptiles & amphibians of Sikkim. Mrs. S. Jha Publ., Raipur, 6 + 100 pp." year="2002">Jha and Thapa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="974F768BADD669D789C25F1F9355B9E8" author="Chettri, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hill Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B67" refString="Chettri, B, Bhupathy, S, 2007. Reptile fauna of Sikkim with emphasis to Teesta valley. Journal of Hill Research 20 (1): 1 - 11" title="Reptile fauna of Sikkim with emphasis to Teesta valley." volume="20" year="2007">Chettri and Bhupathy (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E94B012605504AE8826F68650C7C10DB" author="Chettri, B" editor="Arrawatia, ML" journalOrPublisher="Information and Public Relations Department, Government of Sikkim. Gangtok" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="233 - 254" refId="B66" refString="Chettri, B, Acharya, BK, Bhupathy, S, 2011. An overview of the herpetofauna of Sikkim with emphasis on the elevational distribution pattern and threats and conservation issues. In: Arrawatia, ML, Tambe, S, Eds., Biodiversity of Sikkim: Exploring and conserving a global hotspot. Information and Public Relations Department, Government of Sikkim. Gangtok: 233 - 254" title="An overview of the herpetofauna of Sikkim with emphasis on the elevational distribution pattern and threats and conservation issues." volumeTitle="Biodiversity of Sikkim: Exploring and conserving a global hotspot." year="2011">Chettri et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Whereas the first authors consider it
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD38B0696A85C0FCB4D88B001E42F8F8" originalValue="“rare”">"rare"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Chettri and Bhupathy (l.c.) regarded it surprisingly as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B965655C207AD597C5ADE891E9559F28" originalValue="“common”">"common"</normalizedToken>
|
||
in Sikkim. Since none of the above-mentioned authors provided a single voucher specimen or a specified locality in that East Himalayan state, and no preserved material is known from any collection, so we consider its distribution in Sikkim to be unproven.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C0673D9B9D8EFFC28299AE182D6232F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Based on water-colour sketch no. 61 from the Hardwicke collection,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2287D340BC803A35BE553061B17EC94B" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith (1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529) mentioned
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5248A3651FCFC523445F475F3F2301D8" originalValue="“Cawnpore”">"Cawnpore"</normalizedToken>
|
||
[Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh state of India] for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3D49970E01FCAACB8082C296AC6698E" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E0A3E9AA97F374F9E0AE2A5CBA2EABC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the Banded Racer is known to occur in this state (see above), the snake depicted on this drawing is in fact, a Common ratsnake,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62570B608CCBD7B4092782626481076A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0366801CEB9AE06DC7A2BA0741E9B404" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Ptyas mucosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0AAA6D8DF5721D24DD310DEBDA6D5E63" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5CEE58597366C6C3527D749445E21B1D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added the Pakistani province of Balochistan to the distribution range, but the literature cited provided no such indications and we could not identify a single credible record for this state.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4FAC5C61D3EAF3CA2B48D971E0F590D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
When it comes to the distribution of the Banded racer in Sri Lanka, there is a consistent reference to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5746FB1001DCC5950E2E66E3B1463F54" author="Haly, A" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B167" refString="Haly, A, 1886. First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." title="First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." year="1886">Haly (1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67211CB3510B26D6ADE56735007586F6" author="Haly, A" journalOrPublisher="The Government Printing Works, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B168" refString="Haly, A, 1891. Report on the collection of reptilia & batrachia in the Colombo Museum. The Government Printing Works, Colombo" title="Report on the collection of reptilia & batrachia in the Colombo Museum." year="1891">1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), who allegedly provided the first evidence. But, as already noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E47DF0E0305A6E71CA071EC965C730F6" author="Somaweera, R" journalOrPublisher="Sri Lankan Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B350" refString="Somaweera, R, 2006. Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8+297 pp. [in Singhalese]." title="Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8 + 297 pp. [in Singhalese]." year="2006">Somaweera (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD68A259C3F0B8FBCD997F862B4A8EBB" author="Ferguson, W" journalOrPublisher="Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B126" refString="Ferguson, W, 1877. Reptile fauna of Ceylon. Letter on a collection sent to the Colombo Museum. William Henry Herbert, Govt. Printer, Colombo" title="Reptile fauna of Ceylon. Letter on a collection sent to the Colombo Museum. William Henry Herbert, Govt." year="1877">Ferguson (1877)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was the first who listed this species for
|
||
<normalizedToken id="57545BB1F5D8B1119AF5E1E700B6D761" originalValue="“Ceylon”">"Ceylon"</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Ferguson (l.c.) stated that the specimen
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0BF69C9878D3643CF8BFD914EA718A8" originalValue="“[…">"[...</normalizedToken>
|
||
] was sent to the Museum [Colombo] lately by Mr. Deputy
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0D67239927720BBCC6779162822B8579" originalValue="Queen’s">Queen's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Advocate Thwaites, and supposed to have been found by Mr. Twynam, the Government Agent of the Northern Province, about Aripo" (see Appendix Note 3). Since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C3E9CE83FF93180C720427EACE1AEDE8" author="Haly, A" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B167" refString="Haly, A, 1886. First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." title="First report on a collection of snakes in the Colombo Museum. Presented by the Committee of the Colombo Museum, 18 pp." year="1886">Haly (1886)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the Banded racer is consistently listed as part of the Sri Lankan snake fauna (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E4A2B7120279C698386B4A5FD6CCF3CD" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B394" refString="Wall, F, 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R. Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" title="Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R." year="1921">Wall 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F7AB2A3873F69FD1E784BB42C378ED6" author="Deranyiagala, PEP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B103" refString="Deranyiagala, PEP, 1955. A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Volume three. Serpentoid reptilia. Government Press, Colombo, vii+(1)+49 pls. +(5)+121 pp." title="A coloured atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon. Volume three. Serpentoid reptilia. Government Press, Colombo, vii + (1) + 49 pls. + (5) + 121 pp." year="1955">Deranyiagala 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D012773E33C3077BAF1A21DD501A90FF" author="De Silva, PHDH" journalOrPublisher="John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B111" refString="De Silva, PHDH, 1980. Snake fauna of Sri Lanka with special reference to skull, dentition and venom in snakes. National Museum of Sri Lanka, Colombo xi+472 pp." title="Snake fauna of Sri Lanka with special reference to skull, dentition and venom in snakes. National Museum of Sri Lanka, Colombo xi + 472 pp." year="1980">de Silva 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C317780B761CBE4672DDBE60AA4DB26E" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="R & A Publishing Limited, Portishead, GB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B104" refString="De Silva, A, 1990. Colour guide to the snakes of Sri Lanka. R & A Publishing Limited, Portishead, GB" title="Colour guide to the snakes of Sri Lanka." year="1990">de Silva 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2CB5B5C064EB8669CEBD1A0A2485AFAA" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B108" refString="De Silva, A, 2001. The herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. An historical overview, current status with checklist. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organisation (ARROS), Peradeniya, (2)+91 pp." title="The herpetofauna of Sri Lanka. An historical overview, current status with checklist. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organisation (ARROS), Peradeniya, (2) + 91 pp." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="33B30F76CABA2D1D939FC9D4DDD67325" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B94" refString="Das, I, De Silva, A, 2005. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ. Ltd., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ." year="2005">Das and de Silva 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C0D58031D2B8766DBEA5F14AA82BE0B" author="Somaweera, R" journalOrPublisher="Sri Lankan Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B350" refString="Somaweera, R, 2006. Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8+297 pp. [in Singhalese]." title="Sri Lankawe Serpayin [The snakes of Sri Lanka]. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 8 + 297 pp. [in Singhalese]." year="2006">Somaweera 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B0A3204A2235BF757D0376769B3907A" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B109" refString="De Silva, A, Jinasena, J, 2009. Snakes of Sri Lanka. A coloured atlas (With accounts on snakes in archaeology, history, folklore, venomous snakes and snakebite). Vijitha Yapa Publications, Colombo, xix+(1)+129+(1) pp." title="Snakes of Sri Lanka. A coloured atlas (With accounts on snakes in archaeology, history, folklore, venomous snakes and snakebite). Vijitha Yapa Publications, Colombo, xix + (1) + 129 + (1) pp." year="2009">de Silva and Jinasena 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="561DFB226E46D5C6D448CAE5F838A5B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD1EDD58395368D69BD6F991AC65B4C2" author="De Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B110" refString="De Silva, A, Ukuwela, K, 2017. A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" title="A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of Sri Lanka." year="2017">de Silva and Ukuwela 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) although no additional specimen has been collected, no preserved voucher specimens are known from any collection, and recent fieldwork on Jaffna Peninsula revealed no further material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="379E73323E4FF3004B935322D4A1CAE5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.1969.1978" author="Abyerami, S" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1969 - 1978" refId="B3" refString="Abyerami, S, Sivashanthini, K, 2008. Diversity of snakes from Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 11 (16): 1969 - 1978, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.1969.1978" title="Diversity of snakes from Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka." url="https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2008.1969.1978" volume="11" year="2008">Abyerami and Sivashanthini 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C654A537E848AE4DA11D67AA7550072" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" author="Madawala, M" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="247 - 260" refId="B235" refString="Madawala, M, Surasinghe, T, de Silva, A, Gabadage, D, Botejue, M, Peabotuwage, I, Kandambi, D, Karunarathna, S, 2019. Reappraisal of herpetofauna recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in northern Sri Lanka with remarks on conservation, diversity, and distribution. Russian Journal of Herpetology 26 (5): 247 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" title="Reappraisal of herpetofauna recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in northern Sri Lanka with remarks on conservation, diversity, and distribution." url="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" volume="26" year="2019">Madawala et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0163F5B4C7BEDF40D91C308A703AFE1A" author="Taylor, EH" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="519 - 603" refId="B361" refString="Taylor, EH, 1950. A brief review of Ceylonese snakes. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 33 (14): 519 - 603" title="A brief review of Ceylonese snakes." volume="33" year="1950">Taylor (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and regard this species as doubtful for Sri Lanka.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="71A14F75CF5141466E6A14678C3543F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
In several publications, especially in overview works and faunal lists, the Banded racer is mentioned for Bangladesh. This is probably because in older publications (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3DF400288CD874C71AB4E0BFF24FE863" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B56" refString="Cantor, T, 1839. Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, vii: 31-34+49-55." title="Spicilegium Serpentium Indicorum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, vii: 31 - 34 + 49 - 55." year="1839">Cantor 1839</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C805FE9C0A8293B29DF69189D6E90FC" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="70965E07078AE1C84CBC7F534BD30CA2" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1864
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="825E4BC53B728F079213636827D6BBE7" author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B367" refString="Theobald, W, 1876. Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1-238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." title="Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1 - 238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." year="1876">Theobald 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1DB98270D94D47D1B02ACFE4EA80C60" author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B50" refString="Boulenger, G, 1890. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii+541 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii + 541 pp." year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4CA14F8A1A6204A80EE02CAF7683C5B7" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
is listed as a known distribution, a region currently divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India. After the separation of the central and eastern regions of Bengal from India in 1947 and the foundation of the state of Bangladesh in 1971, the majority of (Indian) authors changed the original information
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5346A3AE1C2FB30F0286F9E629CE42A0" originalValue="“Bengal”">"Bengal"</normalizedToken>
|
||
to "West Bengal"(India), but others still maintained the distribution for Bangladesh (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF315F583E037684E1AC53C5E0DB315D" author="Welch, KRG" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B402" refString="Welch, KRG, 1988. Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii+183 pp." title="Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii + 183 pp." year="1988">Welch 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ECB4894909DC38E2B067135ED2642975" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B80" refString="Daniel, JC, 1989. The book of Indian reptiles. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" title="The book of Indian reptiles." year="1989">Daniel 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="96BD903EF7074A802DFBBF9CC98A1B8E" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6ECB3F9356F924A9A0DE85281A7B7F4" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="New Holland Publ., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B89" refString="Das, I, 2002. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publ., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India." year="2002">Das 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D76838EE3BF615FA842DC90CBC119D8" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E9FE407CDADCFC60EB515B0CAC06D5D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="29958060233CD8D987BFFCD9463E32B3" author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD44DDA6797FE50F5A2DEFD5941CD2E1" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already clarified that the species is not found further east than Calcutta in West Bengal state of India. Authors who refer exclusively to the herpetofauna of Bangaladesh (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56EB24341EC6CEEDF6506462A6635F40" author="Islam, MA" journalOrPublisher="World Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B187" refString="Islam, MA, Ameen, M-U, Nishat, A, 2000. (2000) Red book of threatened amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. Dhaka IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Dhaka, xii+95 pp." title="(2000) Red book of threatened amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. Dhaka IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Dhaka, xii + 95 pp." year="2000">Islam et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85740D496D439934D9970B56402DC0D0" author="Khan, MAR" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="5 - 7" refId="B206" refString="Khan, MAR, 1988. An updated list of snakes of Bangladesh. Hamadryad 13 (1): 5 - 7" title="An updated list of snakes of Bangladesh." volume="13" year="1988">Khan 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A3E54A89508CFC97B593DF48318150D7" author="Khan, MAR" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 31" refId="B207" refString="Khan, MAR, 2004. Checklist of the herpetofauna of Bangladesh. Cobra 57: 1 - 31" title="Checklist of the herpetofauna of Bangladesh." volume="57" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C6B2B21A38BAB96CA9B1C8FBF6DD088" author="Kabir, SMH" journalOrPublisher="Bioscience Discovery" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B196" refString="Kabir, SMH, Ahmad, M, Ahmed, ATA, Rahmann, AKA, Begum, ZNT, Hassan, MA, Khondker, M, 2009. (2009) Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, Vol. 25. Amphibians and Reptiles. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, xviii+204 pp." title="(2009) Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, Vol. 25. Amphibians and Reptiles. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, xviii + 204 pp." year="2009">Kabir et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) do not present more detailed localities and while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6CC9388D65B7AB4781703AC20AC8F998" author="Hasan, MK" journalOrPublisher="Arannayk Foundation, Dhaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B169" refString="Hasan, MK, Khan, MMH, Feeroz, MM, 2014. Amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. A field guide. Arannayk Foundation, Dhaka" title="Amphibians and reptiles of Bangladesh. A field guide." year="2014">Hasan et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed the Banded racer as expected to occur in the Northeast and Southeast of the country, he did not provide any supporting evidence. We could not find any historical or current evidence that this snake species occurs in Bangladesh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A43F034A07B76824928F221E5D6B6DF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
From Nepal, the Banded racer was first mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A245DF538C23E28751E0169C2BFA107" author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B162" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1861. List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213-227." title="List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213 - 227." year="1861">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B3F7E88086B588191103BA1554C2A541" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1861)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in a list of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5497FEEDA3C49928AB155E296F4C3D27" originalValue="“[…">"[...</normalizedToken>
|
||
] Cold-Blooded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BC8D391AF5903DC62975B3F35F6716D" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subPhylum" subPhylum="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9825CD4E1A03510AB41FA11CA466EE2" originalValue="…]”">...]"</normalizedToken>
|
||
collected in that country.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A3AEACF9B94A2E9800AB458771E7569B" originalValue="Günther’s">Guenther's</normalizedToken>
|
||
source was a water-colour painting of a specimen from the "Central hilly region" (reproduced here in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F938EFE07F735A8F5DB6CB047F516B60" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Extract from a previously unpublished original water-colour painting from Brian H. Hodgson's collection of drawings kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. The depicted specimen from the " Central hilly region " of Nepal, determined by Guenther (1861) as "? Coryphodon fasciolatus " (= Platyceps plinii comb. nov.), is the original and sole source for the distribution of the Banded Racer in Nepal. In fact, the specimen shown is an adult Rhabdophis himalayanus (Guenther, 1864) (see chapter " Unconfirmed or erroneous distribution "). The inscription in Devanagari script on the lower right side of the sheet states that this specimen was preserved in alcohol on 27 September 1857. Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542388" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) probably made by Raj Man Sinh Chitrakar, a Nepalese draftsman employed by Brian H. Hodgson (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="26CA438155966778F4A336F8FB808C93" author="McClelland, J" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta Journal of Natural History and Miscellany of the Arts and Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="129 - 130" refId="B244" refString="McClelland, J, Griffith, W, 1844. Hodgson's Illustrations of the Zoology of Nipal and Tibet. Calcutta Journal of Natural History and Miscellany of the Arts and Sciences 4: 129 - 130" title="Hodgson's Illustrations of the Zoology of Nipal and Tibet." volume="4" year="1844">McClelland and Griffith 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="346F9E55DA88E6E9A5D0498016840A2A" author="Cocker, M" journalOrPublisher="Sauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B73" refString="Cocker, M, Inskipp, C, 1988. A Himalayan Ornithologist. The life and work of Brian Houghton Hodgson. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, xii+87 pp., 49 pls." title="A Himalayan Ornithologist. The life and work of Brian Houghton Hodgson. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, xii + 87 pp., 49 pls." year="1988">Cocker and Inskipp 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The locality most probably refers to the complex of hills and valleys surrounding the Kathmandu valley where the majority of specimens in the Hodgson Nepalese collection originated. Our examination of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E3EEA9CE82210C666C970F201B4A43BF" originalValue="Hodgson’s">Hodgson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original drawing, in the Zoological Library of Natural History Museum, London, revealed that the specimen depicted is not a Banded racer but a natricid snake,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6015BF634840DC0F4A863CBFABF43AE" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Rhabdophis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdophis himalayanus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D744BB485CEB60B166EF1003157FE02E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Rhabdophis himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="384EE289DDF1C538CE77CD5D59E1CB79" originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864), a species reported from that region by e.g. Gruber in Schleich et al. (2002).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F308AAD64DCF0F19C22AA3CA8B92CA1F" author="Shrestha, TK" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B340" refString="Shrestha, TK, 2001. Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8+280 pp." title="Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8 + 280 pp." year="2001">Shrestha (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the Banded racer has been reported from the Royal Chitwan National Park, and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="191AB5D0DDCC83771D2E63F6C6BD82F4" originalValue="“[…">"[...</normalizedToken>
|
||
] lives in dense Sal forest as well as grassland of Chitwan valley in Nepal [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8710F24866C17D06AFA926214E8F3DF4" originalValue="…]”">...]"</normalizedToken>
|
||
. We regard this statement as based on a misidentification because no voucher is known. Similar to the aforementioned record for Sri Lanka, the occurrence of the Banded racer in Nepal relies solely on an old and unreviewed original source, so the presence of this species in Nepal could not be confirmed. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64FC4C15F3FE63A7567159A5679D9DC8" author="Kramer, E." journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="721 - 761" refId="B221" refString="Kramer, E., 1977. Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de zoologie 84 (3): 721 - 761" title="Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals." volume="84" year="1977">Kramer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already considered the distribution in Nepal as questionable, and no further material has been collected (Karan B. Shah in litt. 2019), most subsequent authors continue to list the Banded racer in the Nepalese herpetofauna (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E56C7C0E2E2B9CE261ACC9BB447CA96F" author="Swan, LW" journalOrPublisher="," pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="103 - 147" refId="B359" refString="Swan, LW, Leviton, AE, 1962. The herpetology of Nepal: A history, checklist, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 4. Ser., 32 (6): 103 - 147" title="The herpetology of Nepal: A history, checklist, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 4. Ser." volume="32" year="1962">Swan and Leviton 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3401428360F1D6938053DD3446E82AA5" author="Welch, KRG" journalOrPublisher="Litteratura Serpentium (English Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B402" refString="Welch, KRG, 1988. Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii+183 pp." title="Snakes of the Orient: A checklist. R. E. Krieger Publ. Comp. Malabar, FL, vii + 183 pp." year="1988">Welch 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="329B05F2ED15B2240282F9B1AB612DC4" author="Schleich, HH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Nepal Research Centre (JNRC)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="141 - 168" refId="B313" refString="Schleich, HH, 1993. Contribution to the Systematics and to the Bibliography of the Amphibians and Reptiles from Nepal. Journal of the Nepal Research Centre (JNRC) 9: 141 - 168" title="Contribution to the Systematics and to the Bibliography of the Amphibians and Reptiles from Nepal." volume="9" year="1993">Schleich 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB8CC5E39C4C5929B47444D7F0D6E671" author="Shrestha, TK" editor="de Silva, A" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 46" refId="B339" refString="Shrestha, TK, 1998. Country report for Nepal. Herpetofauna of Nepal: Present status, distribution and conservation. In: de Silva, A, Ed., Proceedings of the International Conference on the Biology and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles of South Asia, Sri Lanka, August 1-5, 1996. Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya: 26 - 46" title="Country report for Nepal. Herpetofauna of Nepal: Present status, distribution and conservation." volumeTitle="Proceedings of the International Conference on the Biology and Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles of South Asia, Sri Lanka, August 1 - 5, 1996." year="1998">Shrestha 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF367DB98E628A63073CC479A84EEAE2" author="Shrestha, TK" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia and Reptile Research Organization of Sri Lanka (ARROS), Peradeniya" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B340" refString="Shrestha, TK, 2001. Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8+280 pp." title="Herpetology of Nepal. A field guide to amphibians and reptiles of Trans-Himalayan Region of Asia. B. Shrestha Publ., Kathmandu, 8 + 280 pp." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB86A0D7755A04CE5ADE5653C7CF0C83" author="Shrestha, TK" journalOrPublisher="Bimala Shrestha, Kathmandu, (13), map, 32 pls." pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B341" refString="Shrestha, TK, 2003. Wildlife of Nepal. A study of renewable resources of Nepal Himalayas. Mrs. Bimala Shrestha, Kathmandu, (13), map, 32 pls." title="Wildlife of Nepal. A study of renewable resources of Nepal Himalayas. Mrs." year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67273710685AC47F663734642C046CF9" author="Gruber, U" editor="Schleich, HH" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="803 - 950" refId="B159" refString="Gruber, U, 2002. Family Colubridae (Colubrid snakes). In: Schleich, HH, Kaestle, W, Eds., Amphibians and reptiles of Nepal. A.R.G. Gantner K.G., Ruggell: 803 - 950" title="Family Colubridae (Colubrid snakes)." volumeTitle="Amphibians and reptiles of Nepal." year="2002">Gruber 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9653EA4F6906D721C557D52294E9AAE" author="Shah, KB" journalOrPublisher="National Zoonoses & Food Hygiene Research Centre (NZFHRC), Kathmandu" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B321" refString="Shah, KB, Tiwari, S, 2004. Herpetofauna of Nepal: A conservation companion. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, viii+237 pp." title="Herpetofauna of Nepal: A conservation companion. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, viii + 237 pp." year="2004">Shah and Tiwari 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F199F586C56F099FA31027EAA41F460" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C1F285D6E39EFB25AF96FA25ED14F5C" author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C023C90C26C0A4C44C42BA20EC92E05C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Based on records of the Banded racer in Bengal,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="04D072BF44FE1A4A5EE3A860E5DDB33A" author="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut" journalOrPublisher="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="11 - 23" refId="B314" refString="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, 2000. Umweltverstaendnis und Nationalparks. In: Bhutan - Druk Yul: Land des Donnerdrachen. Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal: 11 - 23" title="Umweltverstaendnis und Nationalparks." volumeTitle="Bhutan - Druk Yul: Land des Donnerdrachen." year="2000">
|
||
Schleich and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DE39BC96FCD74F40D398EB761B62EE3A" originalValue="Kästle">Kaestle</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2000)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="52A7D845F360516C1C512BE78AC291E8" author="Lenz, N" journalOrPublisher="Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B230" refString="Lenz, N, 2012. Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen. Natur und Kultur in Bhutan. Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe" title="Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen. Natur und Kultur in Bhutan." year="2012">Lenz (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suspected its possible occurrence in the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan which was adopted as questionable by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="690F8DABBF3A8BC21BB13AFFFC0F1760" author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. As explained above for the Himalayan regions of India and Nepal such a presumption lacks any basis and we refer to the list of verified records above (see also Appendix 9 Gazetteer).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED60E16C22FF4E8E2CFFD11695D9CF7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="73FB263F062FDD64B405BF3C9C4BB0FB" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor (1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DDAF0B050F61DAAC17FB005442B0F2EA" author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) mentioned a specimen from the Province Wellesley (Seberang Perai, Penang state, West Malaysia) which corresponds with
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FCCB5AB596D312C497C2E2D4E7BC3DA6" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
"Nooni Paragoodoo", and determined it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0E1003A55A8904892FD714D2A1196A18" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="12FF0C9E15FF74761FFF56EE59F53B83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on dentitional characters, which he regarded as similar to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74CEF6589CFA3F0CC22F1ABC53B7B36C" author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8488038A83E31301BB01FF8C4A8B7E46" originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description, he concluded that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B87223CE1079DFB47B84AFEFCF69BA1F" lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECD09D58D19C6B85DDED449543C14237" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D3A39BDA287D485BF33F184D4A8F1E12" originalValue="“[…">"[...</normalizedToken>
|
||
] cannot be placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="431F9EB549026FCE7A52F9BDF91DAE16" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08B5DB9AAC60968671C1EABEC024C774" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to which it has been referred by M.M. H. Boie, -Wagler and Schlegel".
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E624AC1A998CD7AC85912AE515525B52" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B391" refString="Wall, F, 1908. The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian Dominions and how to recognize them. Bombay Natural History Society, viii+(1)+(1)+68+(1) pp. [second edition]." title="The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian Dominions and how to recognize them. Bombay Natural History Society, viii + (1) + (1) + 68 + (1) pp. [second edition]." year="1908">Wall (1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 21 footnote, 1913, p. 20 footnote, 1921, p. 195 footnote, 1924, p. 619) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB514930DD0083DA43E15D289B354325" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 266) already doubted the authenticity of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3D3470B6B8EBEB6656022FBFE8FB115D" originalValue="Cantor’s">Cantor's</normalizedToken>
|
||
record. Our re-examination of this juvenile specimen (BMNH 60.3.19.1121) confirmed its identity as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D5DA012770A1505D749D5AA46F5A115" lsidName="P. plinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="29E2DAB1CCE5C196176C6B90D7ACD84D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">P. plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus the locality given by Cantor must be considered as an error.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="14ADE49BFA14C52BFFDB90EFC52E201E" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D0897C618D8E45FD667CED05F16D173" author="Mason, F" journalOrPublisher="IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B243" refString="Mason, F, 1861. Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii+913 pp. [second edition]" title="Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii + 913 pp. [second edition]" year="1861">Mason (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7EBDE67F362B3C7BF26D68E953B3F406" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="98CB8CD3002EBD525798299E7B058B34" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" for
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D48137D56B037BEE52D31C4B8DA4737C" originalValue="“Burmah”">"Burmah"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5ECD38A7E31059A8C74BB50E6E726F64" author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="4 - 67" refId="B366" refString="Theobald, W, 1868b. Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Journal of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology 10: 4 - 67" title="Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Journal of the Linnean Society of London." volume="10" year="1868 b">Theobald (1868b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B38D8E958E0530697E2688DAF1B2E84D" author="Nicholson, E" journalOrPublisher="Ceylon Journal of Science, Section D" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B265" refString="Nicholson, E, 1874. Indian Snakes. An elementary treatise on ophiology with a descriptive catalogue of the snakes found in India and the adjoining countries. Higginbotham & Co., Madras, 8+188 pp., 22 pls. [second edition]." title="Indian Snakes. An elementary treatise on ophiology with a descriptive catalogue of the snakes found in India and the adjoining countries. Higginbotham & Co., Madras, 8 + 188 pp., 22 pls. [second edition]." year="1874">Nicholson (1874)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned, "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EF8A1D0E6E3F863BF1F914E600C8A7CB" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" family="Colubridae" genus="Zamenis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zamenis fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0577FB8DCE0F46B9F39785D60A584098" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zamenis fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw" from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B081D6608D62081A1B8F7FCC4165AE85" originalValue="“Mergui”">"Mergui"</normalizedToken>
|
||
[Mergui or Myeik Archipelago, Myanmar]. The latter quoted
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9380D91FCDAAF49119632C82C5939FB0" originalValue="“Blyth”">"Blyth"</normalizedToken>
|
||
but gives no specific reference, that makes a reassessment impossible.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F497CFBB0EC2DB6C0F7547BE760F7DE5" author="Theobald, W" editor="Sparman, HR" journalOrPublisher="Government Press, Rangoon" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="605 - 640" refId="B368" refString="Theobald, W, 1880. Reptilian Fauna. In: Sparman, HR, Ed., The British Burma Gazetteer, Volume I. Government Press, Rangoon: 605 - 640" title="Reptilian Fauna." volumeTitle="The British Burma Gazetteer, Volume I." year="1880">Theobald (1880)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added "Tenasserim, &c." to the distribution of the Banded racer, without reference to specific specimens or exact localities. As indicated above, the easternmost records are from West Bengal and we, therefore, consider the records for Myanmar to be based on misidentification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C61413BF2415377E0A946675D57A7881" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="2AE95F01D5EA2EDBF8646D321F24C0B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Habitat and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E43919D3386E42C9CFC24721F8AA0D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A30E3BB0340247825DD682F9F2805B67" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="29917A28B8438304EC9E38332BC8EBF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widespread over the Indian Subcontinent (see above, Map 1 and Appendix 9 Gazetteer). It is reported as regionally common in e.g. Maharashtra and Karnataka (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3451232EA9A1FF0BED1680D91E55E5CA" author="Murthy, TSN" journalOrPublisher="The Snake" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="139 - 142" refId="B261" refString="Murthy, TSN, Acharjyo, LN, 1987. Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India. The Snake 19: 139 - 142" title="Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India." volume="19" year="1987">Murthy and Acharjyo 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA508ECC08506D8A721509DE39C73C69" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B80" refString="Daniel, JC, 1989. The book of Indian reptiles. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" title="The book of Indian reptiles." year="1989">Daniel 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56D34081157F4553341E1217CDB393BA" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD36F28608FA46624D5DDA94BD0E0382" author="Deshmukh, RV" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="34 - 43" refId="B112" refString="Deshmukh, RV, Deshmukh, SA, Badekar, SA, 2015. Rescued records of snakes from Nagpur district, Maharashtra with data on unrecorded species. Reptile Rap 17: 34 - 43" title="Rescued records of snakes from Nagpur district, Maharashtra with data on unrecorded species." volume="17" year="2015">Deshmukh et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4D452610D36DD7C9F051A3F4037595B" author="Ingle, P" journalOrPublisher="World Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="134 - 137" refId="B185" refString="Ingle, P, Bali, S, Khandagale, J, 2014. Preliminary Survey of Snake Diversity from Malegaon Tehsil of Washim District. World Journal of Zoology 9 (2): 134 - 137" title="Preliminary Survey of Snake Diversity from Malegaon Tehsil of Washim District." volume="9" year="2014">Ingle et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and abundant in parts of Goa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5DDC667F986C2008AF0E55CF7E2DAC85" author="Murthy, TSN" journalOrPublisher="The Snake" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="139 - 142" refId="B261" refString="Murthy, TSN, Acharjyo, LN, 1987. Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India. The Snake 19: 139 - 142" title="Report on a collection of snakes in and around Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa, India." volume="19" year="1987">Murthy and Acharjyo 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It inhabits plains, plateaus and mid hills covered with mixed and dry deciduous forest, scrub forest as well as semi-arid and rocky areas (for habitat examples see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C133CE8F1158DCD82B9277A7C0B1C509" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Habitats of Platyceps plinii comb. nov. in India: A. near type locality Kasimkota village, Andhra Pradesh state, and B. from Pune, Maharashtra state." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542395" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">13 A and B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="60719B0E97FD4E173CA17E831E91602F" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542394" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B382397ED7A23C4661CFAD334D0C323" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="D269767979860230310C2193C3BE5680" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="161404F3B3A6AB55BEA7873159E5CE6A" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A4FB7456AA5E4E0E37B981F1705F9D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. (BMNH 37a) from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh state, India: A. lateral, B. ventral (tooth bearing and connecting bones virtually extracted), C. dorsal and D. ventral view (lower jaw virtually extracted). Scale bar 1.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="4883068A4D5D870CA082D97B227B7AC1" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542395" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph id="E8E05BAD600D8FF9FC6A72922A559DEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3D46AC99B4CC486AA7C96A58F6660DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitats of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A314FB33A9198A2405A8BF93E03DCE0F" authorityName="comb. nov. - Banded racer" baseAuthorityName="Merrem" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps plinii" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="plinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="1529F0DDCECB2A797A171093DCD6871F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Platyceps plinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. in India:
|
||
<emphasis id="D92CD4CCBD7E1EE58307B3E8F6628C63" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
near type locality Kasimkota village, Andhra Pradesh state, and
|
||
<emphasis id="9155FFA59F0C39A3C29DBB5A46CC93F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
from Pune, Maharashtra state.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="33AE231FECAACD143F9D2BE272AECDD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">The vertical distribution ranges from sea level to over 1000 m altitudes, with about 85% of all finds below 600 m a.s.l. A few unusually high sites are known from the states of Madhya Pradesh (Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, 1053 m a.s.l.) and Maharashtra (Kaas Plateau, 1191 m a.s.l., and Panchgani, 1258 m a.s.l.) (see Appendix 9 Gazetteer).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="403F09C3A25FDCCFF9260443AB2759DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
It is a mainly terrestrial species but also observed to be a good climber (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1DE61890E67451B5861750042098F92B" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra [new series]" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="10 - 16" refId="B182" refString="Ingle, M, 2008. Herpetofaunal diversity of Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh. Cobra [new series] 2 (2): 10 - 16" title="Herpetofaunal diversity of Ujjain district, Madhya Pradesh." volume="2" year="2008">Ingle 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and found in open places, tall grass, dense bushes, under roots of old trees, in spiles of stones and bricks, and rodent holes. The Banded racer is also reported from urban and cultivated areas where it was found in houses, village environs, agricultural open fields, gardens, parks and farms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E147237DAC3D0CF6D3EA8E7F5FA033D" author="Stoliczka, F" journalOrPublisher="Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B357" refString="Stoliczka, F, 1871a. Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians (Abstract). Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, September issue: 191-192." title="Notes on some Indian and Burmese ophidians (Abstract). Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, September issue: 191 - 192." year="1871 a">Stoliczka 1871a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A9AB7EB4130DC1DCA04A32A11CA6FA97" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="470EE79CE87DC4A7202FA33378419F67" author="Lindberg, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="690 - 697" refId="B231" refString="Lindberg, K, 1932. Snakes of the Barsi Light Railway (Deccan). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 35 (3): 690 - 697" title="Snakes of the Barsi Light Railway (Deccan)." volume="35" year="1932">Lindberg 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="60AD1F8A0BA1E46C3CDB148227CF327E" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B201" refString="Khaire, N, 1996. Indian Snakes. Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" title="Indian Snakes." year="1996">Khaire 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D2951980C789B0E775728E21B62AB749" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Jyotsna Prakashan, Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B204" refString="Khaire, N, 2014. Indian snakes. A field guide. Jyotsna Prakashan, Pune" title="Indian snakes. A field guide." year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CCD0EB3761CA04DCB9747051414767CC" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B180" refString="Ingle, M, 2002. Ecology and status of the ophiofauna of eight districts of Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. Cobra 50: 1 - 17" title="Ecology and status of the ophiofauna of eight districts of Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh." volume="50" year="2002">Ingle 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="479DB396E49CAA2AAE7A2BBB5D1439BF" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1DC844E969573BBBA971FB6A93E44856" author="Rao, KT" journalOrPublisher="Cobra" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B294" refString="Rao, KT, Ghate, HV, Sudhakar, M, Javed, SMM, Krishna, SR, 2005. Herpetofauna of Nallamalai Hills with eleven new records from the region including ten new records from Andhra Pradesh. Zoos'Print Journal 20(1): 1737-1740, suppl. i-xi." title="Herpetofauna of Nallamalai Hills with eleven new records from the region including ten new records from Andhra Pradesh. Zoos'Print Journal 20 (1): 1737 - 1740, suppl. i-xi." year="2005">Rao et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="40B6C083AAF49DE33D80A8FAEB9A324C" author="Srinivasulu, C" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="97 - 122" refId="B353" refString="Srinivasulu, C, Srinivasulu, B, Rao, CAN, 2006. Reptilian fauna of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve, Andhra Pradesh. Records of the Indian Museum 106 (3): 97 - 122" title="Reptilian fauna of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve, Andhra Pradesh." volume="106" year="2006">Srinivasulu et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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||
;
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="FFF8157299DD441174B09D0EEB7AB150" author="Seetharamaraju, M" journalOrPublisher="Fuhlrott-Museum & Forschungsinstitut, Wuppertal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B316" refString="Seetharamaraju, M, 2014. Taxonomy, diversity, distribution and ecology of snakes in Telangana. PhD Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, (3)+xxxvi+347 pp." title="Taxonomy, diversity, distribution and ecology of snakes in Telangana. PhD Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, (3) + xxxvi + 347 pp." year="2014">Seetharamaraju 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="19BB26ABA1BF434753781D9246E49D2D" author="Charjan, AP" journalOrPublisher="Review of Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 3" refId="B70" refString="Charjan, AP, Joshi, PS, 2015. Studies on diversity of snakes in Akola district of Maharashtra, India. Review of Research 4 (6): 1 - 3" title="Studies on diversity of snakes in Akola district of Maharashtra, India." volume="4" year="2015">Charjan and Joshi 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7CBD7D9FF215799CB17F0AA1CEE6D386" author="Sayeswara, HA" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Science and Nature" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="495 - 500" refId="B308" refString="Sayeswara, HA, Jeevan, EN, Ashashree, HM, Naik, KL, Kumara, SN, 2015. A check list of snakes in and around Shivamogga city corporation, Karnataka, India. International Journal of Science and Nature 6 (3): 495 - 500" title="A check list of snakes in and around Shivamogga city corporation, Karnataka, India." volume="6" year="2015">Sayeswara et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D54128533D4632CE00EE1F05109A29DD" author="Dileepkumar, R" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B113" refString="Dileepkumar, R, Sharma, VR, Oommen, OV, Laladhas, KP, Krishnan, AS, Kumar, AV, 2016. Handbook on snakes of Kerala. Kerala State Biodiversity Board, Thiruvananthapuram, (12)+1-32+1-8+203+(1) pp." title="Handbook on snakes of Kerala. Kerala State Biodiversity Board, Thiruvananthapuram, (12) + 1 - 32 + 1 - 8 + 203 + (1) pp." year="2016">Dileepkumar et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9D05923B4E0B672CA94E9CEE1C30C75E" author="Ingle, M" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="76 - 84" refId="B184" refString="Ingle, M, Yadav, U, Bhilala, AK, Pawar, M, 2019. Urban Herpetofauna: A case study in Ujjain City of Central India. International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences 6 (5): 76 - 84" title="Urban Herpetofauna: A case study in Ujjain City of Central India." volume="6" year="2019">Ingle et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In some places, e.g. Bhadrak, Odisha, 30-40 individuals were found hibernating together in the cob walls in human habitations (Mohalik pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="921818CF11A589F3A79D5D553A75687C" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
It is a diurnal species that is only exceptionally observed active during the night and known for its defensive and pugnacious behaviour. If threatened or captured it erects itself, flattens the forebody and furiously attacks when further provoked which one can confuse with a cobra (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD7576A39EBA968081D6CDBBBC71235A" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="101 - 129" refId="B390" refString="Wall, F, 1907. Notes on Snakes collected in Fyzabad. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 18 (1): 101 - 129" title="Notes on Snakes collected in Fyzabad." volume="18" year="1907">Wall 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D703947C4FA5F650876D2ABD8C58F3F" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F44FC715AE2B2AF4C092F9C87DC8577" author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B394" refString="Wall, F, 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R. Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" title="Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R." year="1921">1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="323A333810373EF53FCEC723B50A4E64" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Its antipredator mechanism was summarized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4648DE5605174505BDEAC07EE832F1A6" author="Green, HW" editor="Gans, C" journalOrPublisher="Volume 16, Ecology B, Defense and life history. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 152" refId="B157" refString="Green, HW, 1988. Antipredator Mechanism in Reptiles. In: Gans, C, Huey, RB, Eds., Biology of the reptilia. Volume 16, Ecology B, Defense and life history. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York: 1 - 152" title="Antipredator Mechanism in Reptiles." volumeTitle="Biology of the reptilia." year="1988">Green (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as follows: (1) dorsoventral body compression, (2) dorsoventral neck compression, (3) lifting of head and neck, (4) S-coil striking posture, (5) lunging and striking, and (6) bite. One female caught while crossing a road immediately defecated and started attempting to bite. In other instances, individuals were observed climbing electric cables and visiting switch boxes, possibly looking for hiding geckos (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C24AA199C29AFB050D7399A36C5064D" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Hemidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemidactylus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9726ACC2C6B80A3404D361F4C0928C8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Hemidactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0DB66ABF32DD5F23C94A7DCAE30F8FCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
The Banded racer is an active hunter that usually kills its prey by constriction or body pressure. Its prey consists of small mammals like rats, mice, shrews and bats, but also frogs, lizards, birds, worms, and for juveniles insects are part of the food spectrum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="65AFDEA3F79DD38B352693D804C6C530" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="57B663D02C026B4C6D0A8740AEDF43FB" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B80" refString="Daniel, JC, 1989. The book of Indian reptiles. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" title="The book of Indian reptiles." year="1989">Daniel 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8F1C8A219AFFBD145F5A8754A98B7566" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F7856EC4D7CA21806CD675A68D18AEC9" author="Sharma, BD" editor="Sharma, BD" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="40 - 47" refId="B323" refString="Sharma, BD, 1999a. Snakes and human ecosystem. In: Sharma, BD, Kumari, T, Eds., Snakes in India: a source book. Asiatic Publishing House, Delhi: 40 - 47" title="Snakes and human ecosystem." volumeTitle="Snakes in India: a source book." year="1999 a">Sharma 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F72D4A9FB5A52B541996EE7446843B6C" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B94" refString="Das, I, De Silva, A, 2005. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ. Ltd., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ." year="2005">Das and de Silva 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B538CB926F8A3038467D9D9BF00398B9" author="Satish" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Fauna of Conservation Areas 7, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B305" refString="Satish, 2008. Snakes of Coorg. A field guide to the snakes of Kodagu. Coorg Wildlife Society, Madikeri, xii+143+(1) pp. [bilingual English/Kannada]." title="Snakes of Coorg. A field guide to the snakes of Kodagu. Coorg Wildlife Society, Madikeri, xii + 143 + (1) pp. [bilingual English / Kannada]." year="2008">Satish 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ADAF1C6AC53FE09B833EFDDAC2BDFA61" author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BBCF7566ACBE6D85246DBA9D943C707E" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Mating of the Banded racer was observed between late winter and mid-monsoon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="52DB8DBD77FC036A0C390EAC674995CE" author="Dileepkumar, R" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B113" refString="Dileepkumar, R, Sharma, VR, Oommen, OV, Laladhas, KP, Krishnan, AS, Kumar, AV, 2016. Handbook on snakes of Kerala. Kerala State Biodiversity Board, Thiruvananthapuram, (12)+1-32+1-8+203+(1) pp." title="Handbook on snakes of Kerala. Kerala State Biodiversity Board, Thiruvananthapuram, (12) + 1 - 32 + 1 - 8 + 203 + (1) pp." year="2016">Dileepkumar et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The reproduction is oviparous with clutch sizes between 2 and 23 eggs and egg sizes between 26.8-34.7 mm length and 16.5-22.4 mm width, laid between January and September (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D4A14C77786E71547FBCA4501528808F" author="Vyas, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 231" refId="B378" refString="Vyas, R, 1987. A list of the snakes of the Bhavnagar District, Gujarat State. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 84 (1): 227 - 231" title="A list of the snakes of the Bhavnagar District, Gujarat State." volume="84" year="1987">Vyas 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D441A5873AF2ABF4F611ADF0F971CC9D" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B201" refString="Khaire, N, 1996. Indian Snakes. Indian Herpetological Society, Pune" title="Indian Snakes." year="1996">Khaire 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B07A6056FDB7C6D89952828D809F9C9" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Indian Herpetological Society ' USANT', Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B202" refString="Khaire, N, 2008. A guide to the snakes of Maharashtra Goa & Karnataka. Indian Herpetological Society 'USANT', Pune" title="A guide to the snakes of Maharashtra Goa & Karnataka." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="745E50DD745C12E696FF78CDE9E5059D" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Indian Herpetological Society ' USANT', Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B203" refString="Khaire, N, 2010. Snakes. M. L. Paranjape & J. Prakashan Publ., Pune, 103+(1) pp. (third reprint 2013), [in Maharati]." title="Snakes. M. L. Paranjape & J. Prakashan Publ., Pune, 103 + (1) pp. (third reprint 2013), [in Maharati]." year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2713773B8A653C2130E87F1A9F1C05" author="Khaire, N" journalOrPublisher="Jyotsna Prakashan, Pune" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B204" refString="Khaire, N, 2014. Indian snakes. A field guide. Jyotsna Prakashan, Pune" title="Indian snakes. A field guide." year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="31F5480706AA3A68C3F7C6A8060F767D" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="New Holland Publ., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B89" refString="Das, I, 2002. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publ., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India." year="2002">Das 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F0871A1F59B835B5B256207326205C6" author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B94" refString="Das, I, De Silva, A, 2005. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ. Ltd., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ." year="2005">Das and de Silva 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E40A9C3AF9682A73069C623158734E53" author="Satish" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Fauna of Conservation Areas 7, Kolkata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B305" refString="Satish, 2008. Snakes of Coorg. A field guide to the snakes of Kodagu. Coorg Wildlife Society, Madikeri, xii+143+(1) pp. [bilingual English/Kannada]." title="Snakes of Coorg. A field guide to the snakes of Kodagu. Coorg Wildlife Society, Madikeri, xii + 143 + (1) pp. [bilingual English / Kannada]." year="2008">Satish 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74CB912B1C7CD2DCDF4978A3494DF3D6" author="Ingle, P" journalOrPublisher="World Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="134 - 137" refId="B185" refString="Ingle, P, Bali, S, Khandagale, J, 2014. Preliminary Survey of Snake Diversity from Malegaon Tehsil of Washim District. World Journal of Zoology 9 (2): 134 - 137" title="Preliminary Survey of Snake Diversity from Malegaon Tehsil of Washim District." volume="9" year="2014">Ingle et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9FA25EF064F1195A842FD24C2526CCA8" author="Tambre, GN" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="105 - 115" refId="B360" refString="Tambre, GN, Chavan, SP, 2016. Snake Species Diversity of Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Maharashtra State, India. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review 4 (6): 105 - 115" title="Snake Species Diversity of Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Maharashtra State, India." volume="4" year="2016">Tambre and Chavan 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Parsar 2018;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="291E091ECEE9C866A1EE2CA8253CF9FB" author="Patel, H" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="148 - 149" refId="B280" refString="Patel, H, Vyas, R, Ramani, D, 2019b. Argyrogena fasciolata (Banded Racer). Reproduction / Clutch size. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 148 - 149" title="Argyrogena fasciolata (Banded Racer). Reproduction / Clutch size." volume="50" year="2019 b">Patel et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hatchlings have been observed in May (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F7FEB2591F4BECE54BF215FD74F4F36B" originalValue="D’Abreu">D'Abreu</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C2B13E7FE0319A2BA71F3DF2F566E05" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and July (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64E404934E448EFFBDA65977C6E37DA1" author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B9FDEC5DE1B261A7778E587B4EA9703" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B80" refString="Daniel, JC, 1989. The book of Indian reptiles. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" title="The book of Indian reptiles." year="1989">Daniel 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D0C1C860440A8B172699E89ED54FB8E" author="Daniel, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford University Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B81" refString="Daniel, JC, 2002. The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii +238 pp." title="The book of Indian reptiles and amphibians. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford Univiversity Press, Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, vii + 238 pp." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B569D5865ACA538B177862ECD3366DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Manhas (2015a) observed the Banded racer as roadkill during monsoon in Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh state and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4BA68ED188DE2AE38F40D3D4CB1AE19B" author="Mohalik, RK" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="150 - 151" refId="B253" refString="Mohalik, RK, Sahu, SB, Arif, M, Kar, NB, 2019. Bungarus caeruleus (Common Krait). Colouration and diet. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 150 - 151" title="Bungarus caeruleus (Common Krait). Colouration and diet." volume="50" year="2019">Mohalik et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the predation of this species by a leucistic Krait,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="791C634765C20F7BCB5AAA9A79ED8572" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Bungarus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus caeruleus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
|
||
<emphasis id="928E5F875528BCB8237F078617AF9A9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Bungarus caeruleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Patharakali area of the Bhadrak district in Odisha state of India.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C5224FBA8B98B7D4EB4753155B5C8499" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
For Pakistani specimens,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB236D7AF050DE2F1183839BC987FF9E" author="Minton, SA [jr]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B250" refString="Minton, SA [jr], 1966. A contribution of the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 134(2): 27-184, pl. 9-36." title="A contribution of the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 134 (2): 27 - 184, pl. 9 - 36." year="1966">Minton (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A722822A184EABAA7B6F2F640687A0B8" author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed semifossorial behaviour and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="22940CAB25ED638D70D48F8062D3BF19" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B213" refString="Khan, MS, 2002. Die Schlangen Pakistans. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main" title="Die Schlangen Pakistans." year="2002">Khan (2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9AECD0609A4BC171249550C725EE363A" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Asiatic Herpetological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B215" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi+311 pp." title="Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, xvi + 311 pp." year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reported that reproduction in Banded racer occurs twice a year, during the months April to May and August to September, with clutch sizes from 23 to 30 eggs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |