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<document id="0642E5EE1FDA665B8AFFFEED1D9AF8AB" ID-CLB-Dataset="8160" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4545052" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0540f87c-c902-4df5-acd4-51801c9531bd" ID-Handle="2246/1634/B237-0004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545052" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613519208580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Simmons, Nancy B. &amp; Voss, Robert S." docDate="1998" docId="4F19FC10FF36FF08FCE72362FE888AD3" docLanguage="en" docName="B237-0004.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 237" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.1:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Molossus sinaloae J. A. Allen 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="168" masterDocId="B3208468FF93FFA0FFF22212FF8B893B" masterDocTitle="The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats" masterLastPageNumber="219" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1698929808253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ADA062DF43B0EFBCD62F1891658CEB8E">The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BC89A0FFD0AF2B6D625818603FD9163B">Simmons, Nancy B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="75B270F891976B6B006201A9C11A100E">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7FF17139ABA763788FD3735F6E94B42D">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2F9E053F85A9FE0E7FA6C40379E6D965">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7190FC98E0BB2AF6402524B110D0C5FC">1998</mods:date>
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<treatment id="4F19FC10FF36FF08FCE72362FE888AD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618167" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177422448" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618167" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F19FC10FF36FF08FCE72362FE888AD3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F19FC10FF36FF08FCE72362FE888AD3" lastPageId="168" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF36FF05FCE72362FBF788BC" box="[789,1148,368,391]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF36FF05FCE72362FBF788BC" blockId="165.[789,1148,368,420]" box="[789,1148,368,391]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
<heading id="9C47FA6AFF36FF05FCE72362FBF788BC" box="[789,1148,368,391]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FCE72362FBF788BC" ID-CoL="43YJ9" authority="J. A. Allen" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[789,1148,368,391]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FCE72362FC6488BC" box="[789,1007,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Molossus sinaloae</emphasis>
J. A. Allen
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF36FF05FC832383FB94889F" box="[881,1055,401,420]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="description">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF36FF05FC832383FB94889F" blockId="165.[789,1148,368,420]" box="[881,1055,401,420]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
<figureCitation id="5F8B5183FF36FF05FC832383FC5C889F" box="[881,983,401,420]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="161.[154,192,1515,1536]" captionTargetBox="[230,1131,213,1488]" captionTargetId="figure-12@161.[225,1135,208,1493]" captionTargetPageId="161" captionText="Fig. 64. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the skull of Molossus rufus (AMNH 269101; female) from Paracou. Dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views of the skull of M. sinaloae (AMNH 269107; female) from Paracou. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545191/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Figures 64</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5F8B5183FF36FF05FC112383FC77889F" box="[995,1020,401,420]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="162.[120,158,1507,1528]" captionTargetBox="[290,1002,212,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-16@162.[287,1005,208,1485]" captionTargetPageId="162" captionText="Fig. 65. Lateral views of the skull and lower jaw of (A) Molossus rufus (AMNH 269101; female) and (B) M. sinaloae (AMNH 269107; female). Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545193" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545193/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">65</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5F8B5183FF36FF05FBFA2383FB94889F" box="[1032,1055,401,420]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="167.[154,192,1491,1512]" captionTargetBox="[446,909,217,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-14@167.[439,922,208,1469]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Fig. 67. Comparative palatal cross sections of (A) Molossus rufus (AMNH 269101; female), (B) M. sinaloae (AMNH 269107; female), and (C) Promops centralis (AMNH 269114; female)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545198/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">67</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF36FF05FD2F23D3FBB88B50" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF36FF05FD2F23D3FBB88B50" blockId="165.[704,1233,449,1763]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
VOUCHER MATERIAL:
<materialsCitation id="77D8475BFF36FF05FC1423D3FBB88B50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037467338" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">6 females (AMNH *267542, *267543, *269107, *269109; MNHN *1995.974, *1995.975) and 6 males (AMNH *267547, *267549, *269110, *269112; MNHN *1995.972, *1995.973); see table 65 for measurements.</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF36FF08FD2C2063FEC78A48" lastPageId="168" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="description">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF36FF05FD2C2063FB408C9B" blockId="165.[704,1233,449,1763]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
IDENTIFICATION:
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC5E2063FB1F8BB3" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[940,1172,625,648]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC5E2063FB1F8BB3" box="[940,1172,625,648]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Molossus sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was named by Allen (1906) based on a specimen collected in the Mexican state of Sinaloa, and Goodwin (1959) described
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBF220DBFB1A8BDB" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1024,1169,713,736]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBF220DBFB938BDB" box="[1024,1048,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBD420DBFB1A8BDB" box="[1062,1169,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from a specimen collected at Port of Spain, Trinidad. Although Goodwin noted that his specimen resembled
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC7A2133FC608A03" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[904,1003,801,824]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC7A2133FC608A03" box="[904,1003,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having long bicolored fur, he emphasized differences in size (
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FD38214EFCBE8A48" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[714,821,860,883]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FD38214EFCBE8A48" box="[714,821,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger) and cranial breadth (the skull is narrower in
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC43216BFB978AAB" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[945,1052,889,912]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC43216BFB978AAB" box="[945,1052,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FCBD2185FC398A95" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[847,946,919,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FCBD2185FC398A95" box="[847,946,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 24524) is a female while the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBAE21A6FB5B8AF0" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1116,1232,948,971]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBAE21A6FB5B8AF0" box="[1116,1232,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 179987) is a male, making such comparisons hard to interpret given the sexual dimorphism characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBA9261EFB428D18" authorityName=", Dolan" authorityYear="1989" box="[1115,1225,1036,1059]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBA9261EFB428D18" box="[1115,1225,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Molossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Five years later, Goodwin and Greenhall (1964) reported more material of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FB942655FB5A8D65" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1126,1233,1095,1118]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FB942655FB5A8D65" box="[1126,1233,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including adult male and female topotypes), and reiterated that
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC6E2693FB8C8DA3" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[924,1031,1153,1176]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC6E2693FB8C8DA3" box="[924,1031,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBB32693FB2F8DA3" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[1089,1188,1153,1176]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBB32693FB2F8DA3" box="[1089,1188,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appeared clearly distinguishable. However, collections of additional material from southern Central America and northern South America have subsequently blurred the distinctions Goodwin observed. Most recent authors have considered
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FCB92723FC3D8C73" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[843,950,1329,1352]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FCB92723FC3D8C73" box="[843,950,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC0B2723FBD78C73" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[1017,1116,1329,1352]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC0B2723FBD78C73" box="[1017,1116,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be no more than subspecifically distinct (e.g., Handley, 1966;
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FCA6277EFB0E8CB8" author="Ojasti, J. &amp; O. J. Linares" box="[852,1157,1388,1411]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="165" pageNumber="165" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares, 1971</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FB65277EFD768C9B" author="Hall, E. R." journalOrPublisher="New York: Wiley and Sons" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" refId="ref94782" refString="Hall, E. R. 1981. Mammals of North America, 2 nd ed. New York: Wiley and Sons." title="Mammals of North America, 2 nd ed" type="book" year="1981">Hall, 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FCFE279BFC288C9B" author="Dolan, P. G." bookContentInfo="71 pp." box="[780,931,1417,1440]" journalOrPublisher="Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" refId="ref92751" refString="Dolan, P. G. 1989. Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ. 29: 71 pp." title="Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus" type="book" year="1989">Dolan, 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FC43279BFBFA8C9B" author="Koopman, K. F." box="[945,1137,1417,1440]" editor="D. E. Wilson &amp; D. M. Reeder" journalOrPublisher="Washington, DC: Smithson. Inst. Press" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" refId="ref96667" refString="1993. Order Chiroptera. In D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder (eds.), Mammal species of the World, a taxonomic and geographic reference, 2 nd ed.: 137 - 241. Washington, DC: Smithson. Inst. Press." title="Order Chiroptera" type="book" volumeTitle="Mammal species of the World, a taxonomic and geographic reference, 2 nd" year="1993">Koopman, 1993</bibRefCitation>
, 1994).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF36FF05FD2F27B4FB5B8FD8" blockId="165.[704,1233,449,1763]" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
Contra those authors listed above,
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FB6127B4FCC58CE0" author="Freeman, P. W." bookContentInfo="173 pp." journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zool., N" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" refId="ref93166" refString="Freeman, P. W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zool., N. Ser. 7: 173 pp." title="A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution" type="book" year="1981">Freeman (1981)</bibRefCitation>
concluded that
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBEB27D6FD728CC3" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBEB27D6FD728CC3" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Molossus trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was clearly distinct from
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBB027F3FB5A8CC3" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[1090,1233,1505,1528]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBB027F3FBD18CC3" box="[1090,1114,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FB9C27F3FB5A8CC3" box="[1134,1233,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of a morphometric analysis. In addition to her own observations,
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FB99240EFC858F6B" author="Freeman, P. W." bookContentInfo="173 pp." journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zool., N" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" refId="ref93166" refString="Freeman, P. W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zool., N. Ser. 7: 173 pp." title="A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution" type="book" year="1981">Freeman (1981)</bibRefCitation>
cited the work of
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF36FF05FC1B242BFB1A8F6B" author="Brown, R. E." box="[1001,1169,1593,1616]" journalOrPublisher="Mammalia" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" pagination="645 - 667" part="31" refId="ref91950" refString="Brown, R. E. 1967. Bacula of some New World molossid bats. Mammalia 31: 645 - 667." title="Bacula of some New World molossid bats" type="journal article" year="1967">Brown (1967)</bibRefCitation>
, who noted that the baculum of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC082445FBEE8F55" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1018,1125,1623,1646]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC082445FBEE8F55" box="[1018,1125,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is somewhat longer than that of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FC0A2466FBD08FB0" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[1016,1115,1652,1675]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FC0A2466FBD08FB0" box="[1016,1115,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and that the base of the baculum in
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FBF72483FBFB8F93" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1029,1136,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FBF72483FBFB8F93" box="[1029,1136,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more pointed than in any other species of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF36FF05FB8C24BDFD6E8FD8" authorityName=", Dolan" authorityYear="1989" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF36FF05FB8C24BDFD6E8FD8" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">Molossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, both of these studies were
</paragraph>
<caption id="93CF1D8EFF35FF06FF8A240FFD1B8F76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545195" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545195/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" startId="166.[120,158,1565,1586]" targetBox="[196,1096,212,1540]" targetPageId="166">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF35FF06FF8A240FFD1B8F76" blockId="166.[120,1198,1565,1587]" lastBlockId="166.[94,656,1591,1613]" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
Fig. 66. Dorsal (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF35FF06FECC240FFEDA8F09" bold="true" box="[318,337,1565,1586]" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">A</emphasis>
), ventral (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF35FF06FE34240FFE5C8F09" bold="true" box="[454,471,1565,1586]" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">B</emphasis>
), and lateral (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF35FF06FD87240FFD038F09" bold="true" box="[629,648,1565,1586]" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">C</emphasis>
) views of the skull of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF35FF06FC7A240CFBC08F08" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[904,1099,1566,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF35FF06FC7A240CFBC08F08" box="[904,1099,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Promops centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 269114; female) from Paracou. Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="93CF1D8EFF34FF07FF6827C1FBB48F39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545198/files/figure.png" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" startId="167.[154,192,1491,1512]" targetBox="[446,909,217,1465]" targetPageId="167">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF34FF07FF6827C1FBB48F39" blockId="167.[128,1233,1490,1539]" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">
Fig. 67. Comparative palatal cross sections of (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FD5127C0FD3D8CDC" bold="true" box="[675,694,1490,1511]" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">A</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FD3427C1FCEC8CD3" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[710,871,1491,1512]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FD3427C1FCEC8CD3" box="[710,871,1491,1512]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">Molossus rufus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 269101; female), (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FB6027C0FB288CDC" bold="true" box="[1170,1187,1490,1511]" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">B</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FB4627C1FF528F38" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FB4627C1FB418CD3" box="[1204,1226,1491,1512]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FF7227FCFF528F38" box="[128,217,1518,1539]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 269107; female), and (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FDCA27FFFDC08F39" bold="true" box="[568,587,1517,1538]" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">C</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FDAF27FCFC948F38" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[605,799,1518,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FDAF27FCFC948F38" box="[605,799,1518,1539]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">Promops centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AMNH 269114; female).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF34FF07FF72242BFBD08F56" blockId="167.[128,657,1593,1763]" lastBlockId="167.[704,1233,1593,1763]" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">
based on very small samples of each species drawn from extremes of the geographic range.
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF34FF07FF2B2466FEF58FB0" author="Dolan, P. G." bookContentInfo="71 pp." box="[217,382,1652,1675]" journalOrPublisher="Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" refId="ref92751" refString="Dolan, P. G. 1989. Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ. 29: 71 pp." title="Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus" type="book" year="1989">Dolan (1989)</bibRefCitation>
included many more specimens of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FEDF2483FE1B8F93" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[301,400,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FEDF2483FE1B8F93" box="[301,400,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in her morphometic analyses, and concluded (op. cit.: 56) that the position of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FE0C24DEFD1A8FD8" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[510,657,1740,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FE0C24DEFD9D8FD8" box="[510,534,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FDD424DEFD1A8FD8" box="[550,657,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly within the
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FC6B242BFBAE8F6B" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[921,1061,1593,1616]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FC6B242BFC3A8F6B" box="[921,945,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FC30242BFBAE8F6B" box="[962,1061,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cluster... argues against specific recognition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF34FF08FD2F2466FEC78A48" blockId="167.[704,1233,1593,1763]" lastBlockId="168.[94,622,214,1000]" lastPageId="168" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">
To identify our material from Paracou, we compared our specimens (table 65) with the holotypes of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FC9B24BDFC478FFD" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[873,972,1711,1734]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FC9B24BDFC478FFD" box="[873,972,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FBE624BDFBF48FFD" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[1044,1151,1711,1734]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FBE624BDFBF48FFD" box="[1044,1151,1711,1734]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(table 66), two topotypes of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF34FF07FC2824DEFBCE8FD8" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[986,1093,1740,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF34FF07FC2824DEFBCE8FD8" box="[986,1093,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(table 66), specimens of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FF0D22C5FEE989D5" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[255,354,215,238]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF0D22C5FEE989D5" box="[255,354,215,238]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Mexico (AMNH 204985, 204986), Honduras (AMNH 265132, 1265133), and Nicaragua (AMNH 41190, 41193, 41195), and measurements of
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FFAC235EFF4A8858" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[94,193,332,355]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FFAC235EFF4A8858" box="[94,193,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FF0F235EFEE38858" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[253,360,332,355]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF0F235EFEE38858" box="[253,360,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
published by
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FDE0235EFEBA88BB" author="Alvarez, T. &amp; C. E. Avina" journalOrPublisher="Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="243 - 254" part="25" refId="ref90842" refString="Alvarez, T., and C. E. Avina 1964. Nuevos registros en Mexico de la familia Molossidae. Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat. 25: 243 - 254." title="Nuevos registros en Mexico de la familia Molossidae" type="journal article" year="1964">Alvarez and Aviña (1964)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FECD237BFD9088BB" author="Jones, J. K. &amp; J. D. Smith &amp; R. W. Turner" bookContentInfo="35 pp." box="[319,539,361,384]" journalOrPublisher="Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas 2" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" refId="ref96267" refString="Jones, J. K., J. D. Smith, and R. W. Turner 1971. Noteworthy records of bats from Nicaragua, with a checklist of the chiropteran fauna from the country. Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas 2: 35 pp." title="Noteworthy records of bats from Nicaragua, with a checklist of the chiropteran fauna from the country" type="book" year="1971">Jones et al. (1971)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FDDB237BFECD88A6" author="Ojasti, J. &amp; O. J. Linares" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, Marinkelle and Cadena (1972), Husson (1978), and
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FE3123B6FDE18880" author="Dolan, P. G." bookContentInfo="71 pp." box="[451,618,420,443]" journalOrPublisher="Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" refId="ref92751" refString="Dolan, P. G. 1989. Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ. 29: 71 pp." title="Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus" type="book" year="1989">Dolan (1989)</bibRefCitation>
. We were unable to find any characters that unambiguously separate
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FE7923CDFE6588CD" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[395,494,479,502]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE7923CDFE6588CD" box="[395,494,479,502]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FDC023CDFF1C8B28" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDC023CDFF1C8B28" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although specimens referred to
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FDC023EEFF1C8B0B" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDC023EEFF1C8B0B" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are usually larger than those referred to
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FFAC2025FF4B8B75" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[94,192,567,590]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FFAC2025FF4B8B75" box="[94,192,567,590]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, measurements of our Paracou material overlap in all dimensions with measurements of specimens from Nicaragua reported by
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FF2A209CFE3C8B9E" author="Jones, J. K. &amp; J. D. Smith &amp; R. W. Turner" bookContentInfo="35 pp." box="[216,439,654,677]" journalOrPublisher="Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas 2" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" refId="ref96267" refString="Jones, J. K., J. D. Smith, and R. W. Turner 1971. Noteworthy records of bats from Nicaragua, with a checklist of the chiropteran fauna from the country. Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas 2: 35 pp." title="Noteworthy records of bats from Nicaragua, with a checklist of the chiropteran fauna from the country" type="book" year="1971">Jones et al. (1971)</bibRefCitation>
. In the absence of a thorough revision, we therefore follow the current consensus and treat
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FE2320DBFDB78BDB" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[465,572,713,736]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE2320DBFDB78BDB" box="[465,572,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FFAC20F5FF4A8BC5" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[94,193,743,766]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FFAC20F5FF4A8BC5" box="[94,193,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as conspecific. Given apparent size differences, recognition of two subspecies (
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF952133FFF48A03" box="[103,127,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF7D2133FF118A03" box="[143,154,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">s</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FF582133FE868A03" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" box="[170,269,801,824]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF582133FE868A03" box="[170,269,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FEBA2133FEEB8A03" box="[328,352,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE822133FEF08A03" box="[368,379,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">s</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FE792133FE7D8A03" authorityName="Goodwin. Am. Mus. Novitates" authorityYear="2195" box="[395,502,801,824]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatus">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE792133FE7D8A03" box="[395,502,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">trinitatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) might be justified; if so, our material from Paracou represents the latter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3BFF08FF89216BFE888AD3" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FF89216BFE888AD3" blockId="168.[94,622,214,1000]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
FIELD OBSERVATIONS: We captured 12
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FDCF216BFE9B8A95" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinaloae">
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDCF216BFE9B8A95" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Molossus sinaloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Paracou, all of which were taken in nets suspended 1723 m over a narrow dirt road.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>