291 lines
34 KiB
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291 lines
34 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-231-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" ModsDocID="1314-2003-231-1" checkinTime="1693383686345" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra, Saerkinen, Tiina & Barboza, Gloria E." docDate="2023" docId="4C637EAD217091FC52F8DF1F6BD1DC1A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 231: 1-342" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 231" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" docTitle="Solanum physalifolium Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 88. 1896." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" masterDocTitle="A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1693383686345" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="42482E0E899E64BD3D5C700B3C7370B6">
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<mods:title id="B54C0EAF3E50B3578383FC605A39684D">A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D800467750AE707783E2F8B97D32B529" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="58B7E3A4F20AC6F085390A9544EA767F">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="46553E3AD74783D488019EE5A689656E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="712CCBE639862DD738C7FA3710B3E9D2">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B776346DC1AEBA22CDE385F31A4AD5C9" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DA4D84FF07BBB2A2E64954D1BB22B0D7">Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA8E39F220E4C980472788C1A5034F71" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-3093</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="91A5AC8B8CC07F5F3F074DFE246C6576">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="47DC4376B7B4602A268A3A6E031C09E6">Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5EC7FFD04343680DF9A1625E2B6E1F25" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C4CA9DC640382E14D69DB0B723943DF2">Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC66871C7B21670986EFE60B92A4F18E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B126C34966F79789B4D31A4EB3DC6F6F">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6252C4FE9AF4AC96CC937F848F644769">
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<mods:date id="2E76B4DB41875CACF2120DDE66CC24CF">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C7E48E44AB3117C1AC0A7597A3D6CF84">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F64212DB5D50AC156FD6E30F48752C9D">231</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="3F80297ED2419555B4A5AFCFFA92584D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:url>
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<treatment id="4C637EAD217091FC52F8DF1F6BD1DC1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C637EAD217091FC52F8DF1F6BD1DC1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C637EAD217091FC52F8DF1F6BD1DC1A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="D82722F64A533F0241198C39A8C46F8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FBF34FD8DAF20C2C3F3D51AF10142BDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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40.
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<taxonomicName id="70151E73E21C7C20480EDF52EE523E6D" ID-CoL="4Y3RD" ID-ENA="45836" authority="Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 88. 1896." authorityName="Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 88. 1896." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">Solanum physalifolium Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 88. 1896.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8330C920FEE34BD58660576CD6CC6A67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6E56D4E0CF7DEDD25EE3508A1E93A8FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="B43BA00D333D84EA599C2CB348BA4395" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Representative fruits, seeds and stone cells of South American morelloids A bilobed fruits in S. tripartitum with fully mature red berries at the base of the inflorescence and maturing green, yellow, and orange fruits more distally B orange-red fleshy berries of S. corymbosum in highly branched inflorescences C fully mature marbled fruits in S. physalifolium D immature ellipsoid fruits of S. antisuyo E fully mature fruits of S. antisuyo F immature green fruits amongst fully mature purple-black fruits in S. cochabambense G fully mature fruits of S. polytrichostylum H stone cells (also known as sclerotic granules or brachysclerids) found in the fruits of most species of the Morelloid clade (left side of photo) next to the teardrop shaped seeds (right side of photo; S. umalilaense Manoko) I stone cells visible in dried fruits of herbarium specimens (S. triflorum). (A Barboza 3563 B Saerkinen et al. 4604 B C Knapp et al. 10334 D Gonzales 10256 E Gonzales 10256 F Knapp et al. 10363 G Saerkinen et al. 5277 H Nijmegen accession A 24750133 I Podlech 8624 BM 000848286). Photos by P. Gonzales, S. Knapp, and T. Saerkinen." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897465" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2A657F02D79C68CC66C037D619B0AAA6" captionStart="Figure 122" captionStartId="F122" captionText="Figure 122. Solanum physalifolium A flowering branch B inflorescence C calyx D flower E dissected flower F gynoecium G fruit (A-G Barboza et al. 2229). Illustration by S. Montecchiesi. Previously published in Barboza et al. (2013: 253)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure122" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 122</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7B3A92856D4CDE96616D6E650588F519" captionStart="Figure 123" captionStartId="F123" captionText="Figure 123. Solanum physalifolium A habit B abaxial surface of flower C flowers and buds D developing fruits (A-D Knapp et al. 10332). Photos by S. Knapp." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure123" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897584" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 123</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0DCB0983B51C1FB32DEC1F6C63C49FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E12B31732143C33D0B48B6811E4180FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="93DA992F4EA2262AC19FD34686EA1DA4" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nitidibaccatum subsp. var. var. robusticalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nitidibaccatum" subSpecies="var." variety="robusticalyx">Solanum nitidibaccatum Bitter var. robusticalyx</taxonomicName>
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Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 209. 1912. Type. Bolivia. Cochabamba: Parotani, [2,400 m], 20 Mar 1892.
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<emphasis id="3CFAFC9F71FFEA2277DCB36260CB54ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.E.O. Kuntze s.n.</emphasis>
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(lectotype, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="545B73B9F6C34F1029AAEB17E93EF5F2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B81" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1986. Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 92 (1): 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" title="Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" volume="92" year="1986">Edmonds 1986</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 25: NY [00172105]; isolectotype: US [00027706, acc. # 702148]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D005D6EF694AA92D5B841F23AB876DC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="833F07528A399E337C0C3C6E859E4D08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="344E7095EB0F42FBEC653C7336F2A5F7">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A520EF046284F959E2C155F4981AF04C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="1FF0149C5B80574F2720265141A27651" accessionNumber="NDG45199" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="M. Bang" country="Bolivia" location="Cochabamba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<collectingCountry id="69594874CEB41BAA1C018D4A2F47D2A5" name="Bolivia">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="7B89915FDD49FFDA0AA41A9E5E6EA723" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
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: vic.
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<collectingRegion id="3EDAB0B4D046A389A20B3B5F7EA593E3" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
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, 1891,
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<emphasis id="010C211A7F22D27F6426941215496B1F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName id="570091948149D7AAC28C1D478923BC48">M. Bang</collectorName>
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1159
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="948068D90CA1DE921666195596EC4513">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="A4DD3EC12AB63C77569AE03DED3FA0A7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B81" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1986. Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 92 (1): 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" title="Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" volume="92" year="1986">Edmonds 1986</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 25, second step designated here: NY [00172129]; isolectotypes: GH [00077734], K [K001390419], MO [MO-503737, acc. # 5579576], NDG [
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<accessionNumber id="E8F0BF636C35C0EEC6069D880012880B" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NDG45199">NDG45199</accessionNumber>
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], NY [00172128],
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectingCountry id="635798F8D3BCB91B358FBCAF3E1DC98B" name="Philippines">PH</collectingCountry>
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[00030469],
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<collectingCountry id="8E13CB47A0C3772A0715C875BC486E38" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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[00027742, acc. # 1324703; 00650472, acc. # 3412820], WIS [v0256203WIS]).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="682D9E8EFB8753EFF00F6AAC717B664F" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure122" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 122" startId="F122">
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<paragraph id="FDFEC0FF2708071774CB4F85CD6CFEB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="29A3E5BEA92FF6C55211D6AC72956AD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 122.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F91FD7E899BC0352632EC6AC353F1867" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
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<emphasis id="B9D8CA59778DDD3F828F8CF099353771" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="405CE64857D1A5184F00C9CBB305DC7B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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flowering branch
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<emphasis id="F21B1A60B148C6BE89EE2B7751FEDE41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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inflorescence
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<emphasis id="5B0352D28C1BD406FD5EB0AC4EE42487" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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calyx
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<emphasis id="BEEF74E6A3E1456F94CF5EEEE99CC08F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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flower
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<emphasis id="05657710D202E8D3F61F700DBA6C3910" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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dissected flower
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<emphasis id="431CEFAC219C25029ADE2072F0DBE079" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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gynoecium
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<emphasis id="F5D65E2A33E7B213ADC1C6CEDECC0441" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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fruit (
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<emphasis id="4D5EB996BC76EA9C9A9D5B1963F1F97A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-G</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="9DD6977FA0087C21D4B09F1684DA912F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Barboza et al. 2229</emphasis>
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). Illustration by S. Montecchiesi. Previously published in
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<bibRefCitation id="C096CE942BD7E777542D6ECED8258D50" author="Barboza, GE" editor="Anton, AM" journalOrPublisher=") Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="231 - 264" refId="B10" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In: Anton, AM, Zuloaga, FO, Eds., Barboza GE (Coord.) Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina: 231 - 264" title="Grupo VII. Moreloide." volumeTitle="Barboza GE (Coord." year="2013">Barboza et al. (2013</bibRefCitation>
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: 253).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BA56D087EE7BF3D9B14A5BAF7B9B452D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="765B1709F6E9F1F49040994AF24FC6C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7D9E7F6A11D6E3547006EDDA3F56850" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Annual herbs to 0.5 m high, spreading to 1 m in diameter, from a strong taproot and occasionally somewhat woody at the base. Stems terete or occasionally winged from decurrent leaf bases, the wings if present to 1.5 mm wide, densely glandular-pubescent with transparent 6-10-celled simple uniseriate trichomes to 2 mm long, but most shorter than 2 mm, later glabrescent; new growth densely glandular-pubescent with transparent simple uniseriate trichomes like the young stems, the longest trichomes ca. 2 mm long; bark of older stems pale brown, glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate or trifoliate, the leaves not usually geminate. Leaves simple, entire or shallowly toothed, the blades (1.4)2-6 cm long, (0.8)1.4-3.2 cm wide, ovate to elliptic-ovate, widest in the lower third, membranous, concolorous; adaxial surface sparsely to moderately and evenly glandular-pubescent with transparent 6-10-celled simple uniseriate trichomes 1.5-2 mm long; abaxial surfaces glandular-pubescent like the upper surfaces, but the trichomes denser along the veins; principal veins 3-5 pairs, drying somewhat yellowish green; base abruptly truncate then attenuate onto the petiole; margins entire to shallowly toothed, the teeth ca. 1.5 mm long, deltate with acute tips; apex acute; petiole 0.3-1.5 cm long, winged from the decurrent leaf bases. Inflorescences internodal or occasionally opposite the leaves, unbranched, 0.8-2.1 cm long, with 3-6 flowers clustered at the tips and the inflorescence more or less subumbellate, densely glandular-pubescent like the stems; peduncle 0.7-1.7 cm long; pedicels 0.6-0.8 cm long, ca. 0.25 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the apex, filiform, spreading at anthesis, glandular-pubescent like the rest of the inflorescence, articulated at the base; pedicel scars 0.5-3 mm apart, the lowermost flower more distant from the rest. Buds ellipsoid, the corolla just exserted from the calyx lobe tips before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, cosexual (hermaphroditic). Calyx tube 1-1.2 mm long, conical, the lobes 1.5-2 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, triangular with slightly rounded tips, densely glandular-pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems. Corolla 0.8-1 cm in diameter, white with a green central eye, stellate, lobed ca. 1/2 way to the base, the lobes 3-3.5 mm wide, 2.5-3 mm wide, broadly triangular to deltate, spreading to slightly reflexed at anthesis, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely papillate at the tips and margins and with long transparent trichomes at tips and along the midvein, these a mixture of glandular and eglandular. Stamens equal; filament tube ca. 0.3 mm long; free portion of the filaments 1-1.2 mm long, adaxially pubescent with tangled eglandular simple uniseriate trichomes; anthers 2-3 mm long, 1-1.1 mm wide, ellipsoid, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style 3.5-5 mm long, strongly hooked in the distal part, exserted beyond the anther cone, densely papillate in the lower half to 3/4 where enclosed in the anther cone; stigma capitate, the surface minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry, 0.8-1 cm in diameter, green and strongly marbled with white when mature, the pericarp thin, shiny and translucent, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.8-1.2 cm long, ca. 0.75 mm in diameter at the base, not markedly woody, strongly deflexed at the base, not persistent; fruiting calyx accrescent and spreading, not enclosing or appressed to the berry, the tube 3.5-5.5 mm long, the lobes ca. 5.5 mm wide, 4.5-5.5 mm wide, the venation prominent in dry specimens. Seeds 30-40 per berry, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, flattened and teardrop shaped, reddish brown, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells rectangular in shape. Stone cells absent or present and 2 at the apex of the berry or 6 with 2 apical and 4 equatorially positioned, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter, creamy white. Chromosome number: not known.</paragraph>
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|
<caption id="F7635326C27F95D6B77AA3C896990E16" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure123" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897584" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 123" startId="F123">
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|
<paragraph id="2BE164F2A367BC074298D515B50AEC17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
<emphasis id="B63747CD6DD5E80F9524B78AFB95922F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 123.</emphasis>
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|
<taxonomicName id="FAD3F049D03C3D1028A916DCB66B0135" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
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|
<emphasis id="813AEEC288B6BF658AE3C35CD926AF26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
<emphasis id="52BC096C4A6E8FCC26AAC1071625FA5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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|
habit
|
|
<emphasis id="F45A4754ADEC92478AEDCD75549C5B21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
abaxial surface of flower
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|
<emphasis id="3DD62E32A0C11E437139E71C5350BBBC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
flowers and buds
|
|
<emphasis id="C3D38F157B6CB92CE5884FE1A0552C6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
developing fruits (
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|
<emphasis id="50766F0AC2EE46EF5522623C8A7F4262" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="2216149707E12A98E13479A0C634486B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Knapp et al. 10332</emphasis>
|
|
). Photos by S. Knapp.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="82C2E7A1B3CEB9E2FC9BD2AF10C7E181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="5C78C3897D33C4C01C32EE2667708E20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4F2CC3941DDC3459F686ADB63E23AC1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="96F4C1F5F2800F0AECC5563FA1D636BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(Fig.
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|
<figureCitation id="C1F9B9FB5DC0815CBC40DF1158FDC2D7" captionStart="Figure 124" captionStartId="F124" captionText="Figure 124. Distribution map of Solanum physalifolium." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure124" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897585" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">124</figureCitation>
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|
).
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|
</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CEABBC3378C0294486820DFEB8EBDAC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="CF00FE4E2400E5FF84E77A39E448F1BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is an Andean species, occurring from southern Peru (Depts.
|
|
<normalizedToken id="960324255B4D5A95B12CAA3AEC594818" originalValue="Apurímac">Apurimac</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Cusco) through Bolivia (Depts. Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E1BC052957742514E18AE3A214BA35F0" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Santa Cruz, Tarija) to northern Argentina (Provs. Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="1921549342EF8B37972649DC37254A7C" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure124" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897585" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 124" startId="F124">
|
|
<paragraph id="F19988337752122ED0C1CA69865B1A5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="4ADC7DC09A3A033DA09A662BD7B7C18F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 124.</emphasis>
|
|
Distribution map of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="202084AF956C0D443BC4D2465E8BB328" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="983A97BE7D7998CC1ED1A1417C0AE516" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="896F7802FBD692D639E0ACA3451F311E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="1C37B8F5A200C445149988CD0E6BADB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5AAFEACAE605D09B778C766BCBAF7A9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DBF6E98976163629236B18DDB2834879" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="474443A9DB33B5AC55BF244043340810" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
grows in dry interAndean valleys, often along streams or in the shade of small trees, from 1,500 to 3,500 m elevation.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="A5233754AD0AA78A146073798959D131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
|
<paragraph id="816633236CE26006038C5B8A208BD68D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D425C7C4938D74C518EEDB2865A28519" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="E73F7F1DA59C51D6E4651E9C76D5C21E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
|
<paragraph id="C69BDEEBCDCB2F47299AAE0D2C79B0B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DAAE3C77ED2CB735F80954E7E5510F8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="170F82FED51121178A7F9BEA831EB637" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D52D8BDD9163B4B62DC21423FE9FA8C3" author="Ibarrola, DA" journalOrPublisher="Nueva Serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B116" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Least Concern [LC]. EOO = 757,522 km2 [LC]; AOO = 172 km2 [EN].
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2AEE50D12F9CC8279ACD2DC43CB82CBC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="9C84B7CE1558D159EB5F853BD99CC62A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a plant of open disturbed areas and has a wide distribution along the Andes. It occurs in protected areas in Argentina (e.g., Parque Nacional
|
|
<normalizedToken id="67B4263F6B44E325289D0575AE7BC077" originalValue="Baritú">Baritu</normalizedToken>
|
|
) and Peru (around the ruins of
|
|
<normalizedToken id="2DB954205535D17C3B23FE394E55A89A" originalValue="Sacsayhuamán">Sacsayhuaman</normalizedToken>
|
|
near Cusco).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="49D43F4B81E0C760DEE71DF100290C3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="7F51B2F734F9DA194D641676017C31AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E8B7DF55799E7ADC419E2938F80C4235" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E734972E76093408DBF12C8288ADA8D3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="90EEFB56DD9879C6674451B89A028291" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is one of several glandular-pubescent morelloids from the southern Andes. Morphologically it is similar to both
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1BA1DB545417EFEA54F7D156B8A165EF" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalidicalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalidicalyx">
|
|
<emphasis id="E15457A57E3E6C118611F79B379201D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalidicalyx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0A00A83DF61B6F72446AB698C33AD3CB" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. profusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="profusum">
|
|
<emphasis id="5B77CED89E2CE82C26579DEAAFD9ABA9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. profusum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; the three species all have anthers 2-3 mm long and long, sticky glandular trichomes.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="13B8529C831841BC3EEFEEF1873193D0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="F9ACAE6266099B74F1E1E26F415D320C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F0534FEC2130A8792A941531F98A4C99" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalidicalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalidicalyx">
|
|
<emphasis id="838636BF2953C6893BA1EE1A7B075860" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalidicalyx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in mature fruits; the calyx is inflated and completely covering the whitish green to cream berry in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9A0F4FFF04CDC8CF1B0C2D06BD63C6F4" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalidicalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalidicalyx">
|
|
<emphasis id="29319CC9A252FBF2B6A4F9710CADBA22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalidicalyx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and only partially covering the dark green marbled berry in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8F7D87935CCCF53DD2ECC4AC68B9B3E7" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="D3CE1C076AFCD7BD3213F209A49B1AAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EA1CABE29BA4907D69DED7A2F6379BB1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="AACB9A0132DE3020DA29C0EF5A20BDF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is an annual, while
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9EE1F349D95096397E5F257E3FC75C9" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. profusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="profusum">
|
|
<emphasis id="4E3E5A8E320E3F1E7E2DB22025154A59" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. profusum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a rhizomatous perennial. Leaf shape also differs;
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9617CE712BCD6FC3258C16E17F6669E5" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. profusum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="profusum">
|
|
<emphasis id="463D452C590C45295B6F7CFAE268B35A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. profusum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has more lanceolate to lance-elliptic leaves, while those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="92753FB75C9622510129E2ABDDDE39F6" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="273D3B4FBDB024C1ED3C6DAC65A5AD5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4A3A51E4507D15817910752A029FD532" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalidicalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalidicalyx">
|
|
<emphasis id="EB64FFB2C515771641E02FA917822A6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalidicalyx</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are ovate to elliptic ovate. The distributions of the three species do not overlap. A key to the glandular-pubescent morelloids can be found in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="00EB2EA98A8299B05499B91BA1696003" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.164.54504" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="33 - 66" refId="B137" refString="Knapp, S, Chiarini, F, Cantero, JJ, Barboza, GE, 2020. The Morelloid clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in Argentina: Nomenclatural changes, three new species and an updated key to all taxa. PhytoKeys 164: 33 - 66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.164.54504" title="The Morelloid clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in Argentina: Nomenclatural changes, three new species and an updated key to all taxa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.164.54504" volume="164" year="2020">Knapp et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4F862D2FCC7E336E1AD4978DB181940E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
In lectotypifying
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E57263B0EFA8098BD869A17A4D15FBB9" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. physalifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="physalifolium">
|
|
<emphasis id="A68D40382636E7D68EE16D2E4BB64107" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. physalifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E8D9DBAEAA950AA0D8FE23ED970C1485" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B81" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1986. Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 92 (1): 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" title="Biosystematics of Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. and S. physalifolium Rusby (S. nitidibaccatum Bitter)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1986.tb01425.x" volume="92" year="1986">Edmonds (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
only cited
|
|
<normalizedToken id="D9DED0494C81886B0591615EAD8EDE55" originalValue="“NY”">"NY"</normalizedToken>
|
|
and did not specify which sheet of Bang
|
|
<emphasis id="EAAA8088DA5CDFDE6F9B113AAFA921AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1159</emphasis>
|
|
she was referring to as the lectotype; we here select the better preserved of the two sheets held at NY (00172129) in a second step lectotypification.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |