392 lines
48 KiB
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392 lines
48 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C70D183A2F1DE0E1A9368F42D772DC98">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FE8701553EE8984041DBE1B34E16354">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FF3104ECFE52490C6A45FE205A383F0">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FDEC47A5BDC73B72D2062C0EF760587F">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5541DCFFAD8EFF91D2E21C984698856">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B22ED8E92A202EDC1518CB3A5E7A96E9">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EECBDAB8F99458EF35644F23A1B75B75">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13F99FB7817C9FD8C5E7094402DE687A">Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="648E97C4681C32D43CBA1F98BD75B731">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="40B14E6AD9A7279B77D4E6FF5C7C519A">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600050" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Stenocyathidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria">
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<subSubSection id="FD829B9F0C104F862139CDBB722B6408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="9244DFE29D347C52F6770ABF48DCE71A" ID-CoL="32R4G" authority="(Alcock, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Cyathotrochus pileus (Alcock, 1902)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="48AD03831B6D47BCC79E43AAFFD2D999" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A, B Cyathotrochus pileus (SAMC _ A 087424, off Durban, 270 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Deltocyathoides orientalis (BIVa 2, locality unknown, 80) C calicular view D basal view E, F Deltocyathoides sentus (USNM 91551, off Shaka's Rock, 300 m) G, H Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi (SAMC _ A 090086, off Cape Point, 24 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus (SAM _ H 1416, off the Agulhas, 366 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus (SAMC _ A 090085, locality data unknown, 43 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus (USNM 91715 _ Holotype, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 44 m) K calicular view L lateral view O, P Tropidocyathus lessonii (SAMC _ A 073218, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, J-M, O-P); 2 mm (I, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604118" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 15A, B</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="2F9874C0AF354E720626DADDC247DC8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="459C405116532A0BCBC4F0C1DC52BE22" authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">Endopachys australiae</taxonomicName>
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Tenison-Woods, 1878: 333, pl. 6, fig. 1A-C.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BF3B4BC815A7F97CCBE3F5710F849EA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="30EAE7E81652A8DD815D0CC48EC6138F" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus bougainvillea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bougainvillea">Tropidocyathus bougainvillea</taxonomicName>
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Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1857: 57.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61723812D2CA27F39A31D3A6F6D195C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D8FB2038888423A41F55410D2927F7ED" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Trochocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochocyathus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Trochocyathus pileus</taxonomicName>
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Alcock, 1902a: 96-97. -
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<bibRefCitation id="4927F5B97EEB7F4641DF1376161E7FF9" author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Alcock, A, 1902c. Report on the deep-sea Madreporaria of the Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie 16a: 1-52. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11383" title="Report on the deep-sea Madreporaria of the Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie 16 a: 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11383" year="1902 c">Alcock 1902c</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 15-16, pl. 2, figs 11, 11A
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<bibRefCitation id="A60F2F731B2E48840D9F29B0AB55BC41" author="Faustino, L" journalOrPublisher="Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B92" refString="Faustino, L, 1927. Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands. Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands." year="1927">. -Faustino 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 8, 34, 39, 81
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<bibRefCitation id="C0C8CC3C86F47DED876828BCDBAB8597" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
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: 187. -
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<bibRefCitation id="3ECB9B0A82B6B38AA75BABDF5FEF570F" author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B326" refString="Yabe, H, Eguchi, M, 1942b. Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22(2): 105-178." title="Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22 (2): 105 - 178." year="1942 b">Yabe and Eguchi 1942b</bibRefCitation>
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: 106, 123.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4AD9DA08390BF65F6AAD05F643711F98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7992F7165105BE81B5A1D4B9AC2D9B3A" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Tropidocyathus pileus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation id="ECD3D83292ACB6A12D2D0D2A2B55EA4B" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
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: 34-35, pl. 17, figs A-H
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<bibRefCitation id="CB911CD55C3764C8BD51483B9B306A98" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 68, pl. 29, figs D, E. -
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<bibRefCitation id="37E8E467EF92115F39A777D50BEFF903" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 91, pl. 28, figs A-C. -
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<bibRefCitation id="41B6841444F36EF6170DDACF4CFAAD4A" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 147-148, fig. 19H, I.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1C69C6FF2898A5F2A1974AD26C41F13F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<taxonomicName id="0D38948F46785AE8D74979671F2EA58C" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">Cyathotrochus pileus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation id="082F678068AE19B4E3A62041AF018244" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 55" refId="B39" refString="Cairns, S, 1997. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Turbinoliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 591: 1 - 55" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Turbinoliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="591" year="1997">Cairns 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 16, pl. 1, figs F-G, pl. 4, fig. F. -
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<bibRefCitation id="D04B0B43E607521DA7E4349911F1501A" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 392.- Cairns 1999: 110-111. -
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0BE79C483AEC7B4AE95392D91E8AC225" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 40
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<bibRefCitation id="5E0BF98A324BDB5DA155AD738E45109E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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: 292, figs 6D, E. -
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<bibRefCitation id="9F34ACC004A832CF0B73FF2C3C2501EF" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B157" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, Stolarski, J, Blair, D, Miller, D, 2010b. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e11490. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011490" title="A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) based on mitochondrial CO 1 sequence data. PLoS ONE 5: e 11490. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0011490" year="2010 b">Kitahara et al. 2010b</bibRefCitation>
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: 9. -
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<bibRefCitation id="339FB2FB1FBCA78C3F5B767098E6337B" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: 95-96, 98, figs 36H, 37, 38A-C.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AA1D5F25010B75A0F19B352D67FED785" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph id="EE2A43A10DD6A3155771F375CA413BC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="353EC47991EA62AE9B4B0B7E8E647EBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Sulu Archipelago, Philippines (HMS
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8B39DC6CC6D98601C6DC00CCCD0BFF60" originalValue="‘Siboga’">'Siboga'</normalizedToken>
|
||
stn. 95:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="48B6E7FB8A8F10F238B89387D935D72E" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="5.7166667">5°43'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EF35426EEFD938B6378DDBCE14215C03" degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="119.666664">119°40'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); 522 m
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9EF7E55CE3FE9E758BD44E9872AD709" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56E56AA4969EA3AE2D3C3EEAE83622FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC0160C1D6499940E28F0E28620D7D2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="859865A4E53259D00E9A9F28D2467CEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Four syntypes are deposited at the ZMA
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A0E7911C2700063ED41ACE0C4FDC199" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6E25A1183F32E50A3F94AB4E73E09FB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="815BC2C141D39C01D58738F4C16B7CEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="098BE77C0BF4B6D7F303C022BDB54CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="CCFC6B356E8C36F5B003C1C637E35A29" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bulolo Estuary" elevation="190" latitude="-31.7317" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.536697" municipality="Port St. Johns" specimenCount="2">
|
||
SAMC_A073181 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="515FFAF1339A2821124197FF026271F0" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location id="D1801A4E0870F932096972911F39DFC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15:D1801A4E0870F932096972911F39DFC9" county="Bulolo Estuary" latitude="-31.7317" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.536697" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity id="D957B6ADE1B52C4FB04EC95739001F21" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8E41EAB2E087DA46785B2F3F2D491C69">Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity id="3D67058CDFAD25A75E60A32B109F6CC5" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty id="93A86BC02D7B1CA29D1CC8097265D1D2">Bulolo Estuary</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF335E40F1AAB5A22DCA5B84F0F882BF" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.12" value="-31.7317">31°43'54.12"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="049479A1C3A4B8C693A8D822BD30899C" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="29.536697">29°32'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="8CDDAE2DEF3B342AAF6FF341822FF4F6" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="2C3676A76EAD20EDFD445B230BE55A75" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="190.0">
|
||
<elevation id="43AFF7A3CE33E0D4E3A235849DA3660F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="190.0">190 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A5266E6F2907D95482D735C7C39DB972" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Beachwood Mangroves" elevation="270" latitude="-29.89" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.186697" municipality="Durban" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SAMC_A087424 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="101D93188D577A5C12D3BA77B16FF62F" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location id="DB503E88AEF7D1FADA72F6369344C6D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BD4AD9AB4B38DF9B955EA8E31869A15:DB503E88AEF7D1FADA72F6369344C6D9" county="Beachwood Mangroves" latitude="-29.89" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.186697" municipality="Durban" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin,
|
||
<quantity id="E89C96B1A2192B3D223BB05EB88EDDC2" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="539F111F7BA15090824A4FD355CE8C1F">Durban</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity id="3833DC54BA8BA35D6BFD605CA10BBFB3" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCounty id="F4C30EB716D79211E85E8C3D45550B85">Beachwood Mangroves</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6E42C2198BFD0897E8B6C4C13CB23FE3" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-29.89">29°53'24.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C7C2E2EE9B28664A4B347F3DA9EF4CE3" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="31.186697">31°11'12.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="E65249506A3F4AB8C7AB7F2B11EF3CE3" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="2E0EAE0CFE6EB8544DA878A560B15BCD" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="270.0">
|
||
<elevation id="666EB151F97D3714DE304AE740F62E26" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A28D0663159F05F3DA423B598E34B701" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1450C70BA1F72603FEBAA517ABB11165" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2974F2374CBEB3A46787C3CB3FA4FD98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Corallum cuneiform, laterally compressed, with a rounded base. Thecal edge crests absent. Calice elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.7-1.9), calicular margin lanceted. Largest specimen examined (SAMC_A073181) 21.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F7A2DCBE90AA8716BC6103248AB5CA4F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
12.3 mm in CD, and 21.5 mm in H. Costae ridged, serrated, highly granular, and equal in width. Intercostal striae narrow, deep, and extend to base. Corallum predominantly pale cream, but freshly collected specimens pale orange with white septa and calicular margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B35BC490431065C7ECE3BBB606229F91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in five incomplete cycles according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2> S4> S3 or S1 ≥ S2> S3> S5> S4. S1 highly exsert and each bearing a small palus. S2 slightly less exsert, and slightly smaller or equal in size to S1. P2 similar to P1 but rising higher than it in fossa. In half-systems without S5, S3 smaller and less exsert than S2 and bear the widest pali. S4 dimorphic in development: those adjacent to S1 are wider than those adjacent to S2. S4 fuses to S1 and S2 at calicular margin forming triangular apexes. In half-systems with S5, S3 small and bear a wide palus. S4 adjacent to S2 slightly wider than S3 and also bear a wide palus. S4 adjacent to S1 lack pali. S5 dimorphic in development: those adjacent S1 wider but as exsert as ones neighbouring S2. All axial edge of septa and pali slightly sinuous, with faces being uniformly covered by pointed and sharp granules. Columella papillose and aligned with GCD, but sometimes difficult to view due to the highly compressed corallum.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4742F08B79170A80A6D284807EF94CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="503C05D83AA064EDE3C4E6F0A4CD224D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5FC638CC84D6160A5459B458F2618BE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Port St. Johns extending towards Durban; 190-270 m. Elsewhere: Tanzania
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE99871D3F2A526D0FEABF50258A4554" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Japan; South China Sea
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40C87535B328463E6A2EAD03CF62604A" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Philippines; Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2892E7245529F7A6D59DAA40F23C542B" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Australia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7EF0A6AAC97969EC8A630DF6566DFF36" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Vanuatu (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E7DF48145CC19AE10FD0C128119D8A93" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Caledonia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F84F554AE745BC6493FB18EDE6F5AD28" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 123-1110 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="18FC62DEB9ABC1F716520F5A0179A362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="6EA7B6EE817498B36B47D0598D3E1453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D56A76220A52261308655FC4DF6906B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Although two authors have reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4206F996232669A4189B135F64F3389F" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A1BDF3160F7785C597BB65A3027FAE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
before (Alcock, 1902a), their priority is discounted based on varying nomenclature reasons.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C299696AB68C01B0B6F4625071B44631" authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="EFC4C71063455BFCD958F467E5EC1000" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopachys australiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2EA1B6FD1BF6FBB08A1DE1C494218E05" author="Tenison-Woods, J" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="292 - 341" refId="B276" refString="Tenison-Woods, J, 1878. On the extratropical corals of Australia. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales 2: 292 - 341" title="On the extratropical corals of Australia." volume="2" year="1878">Tenison-Woods 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
account of species was not used in the literature subsequent to its original description. Whilst
|
||
<taxonomicName id="404A2DF347097CC2E2AB15FB991E2EE5" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus bougainvillea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bougainvillea">
|
||
<emphasis id="5672C3FEC6CA7E9AFFB99A25FA113E74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus bougainvillea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1857 type material is untraceable and the authors did not illustrate their specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B99F656B65D573A3163F7ED9A54DE32D" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, according to article 23.9.1 of the ICZN (1999),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="244B9C6D793F15BBAA2437A8B50B6188" authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1878" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Endopachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endopachys australiae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="15D9BA380DC9E4CE281DD3DD9A49A0B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Endopachys australiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered to be a nomen oblitum and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43B567D7DAC30E11581C6D386FA348A7" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="28C4D7DBED6B82326EC0146850855DE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a nomen protectum. There are two extant species belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83E29472D0CF6D6CEE24E5CF165C7CA9" authorityName="Bourne" authorityYear="1905" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="505A2E8081C3AEA806572084C2E04746" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF0D17B843D49CEB473ABBC1D58C9CD8" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D156C66AD275B3BD8B68BDCED7F91426" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F2BC6392617603590B14CA920C3BB40" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. nascornatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nascornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8247E868F90E88E73C4ACCB68E70C335" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nascornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B2CC3AC1BF0D9C92ABC9B30107CFF43" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">(Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)), which may be distinguished based on the irregularity of coralla (as a result of asexual reproduction) taken by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A33508C379963A7FE3EB46920170914" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. nascornatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nascornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E49FEE091DCBDCC57C4D961184B8527D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. nascornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A3A26DB91938215FC643816EFA7B9583" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nonetheless, examined specimens represent new records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25B38ADE8FA81EF4A07B7D8C1EE9C623" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="54B6764A67401A1CE696DC9CF5493255" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South Africa and, therefore, extend its known distribution from south of Tanzania. Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F9CC3B17896DD385E0EF36C5557CE87" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Turbinoliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the region,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC39C1B372630A68785DD9D70C8B6666" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CD9EBE60F5E883B37F056091675AA982" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12682878288B848D1747E5C4C59433B7" baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus lessonii" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lessonii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F883302A6E32583AE01A13B33F94CBAC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus lessonii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be distinguished by the lack of thecal edge crest, ridged costae, and triangular apexes at the calicular margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7BD165767AD9042945CADD0816B459FB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604118" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph id="104423E766B008950B1E213058418741" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="6E880007FF3FD1B3754F211B1D30E609" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="2F54D80D5751A6443921B86718377E8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="0FD0B11E112AD35208CF19E4FED6ECE6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6159C499015D0A9004D6720B017E51F3" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Cyathotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyathotrochus pileus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileus">
|
||
<emphasis id="323038C48A2A063AC99297FE0A13707F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyathotrochus pileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A087424, off Durban, 270 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="70EF992D2725E84FD60D3885A9311C4E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="0FA018011A936E361FD64207596D418D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="434DD3C6BD7CC5D0EE36F99DAE02BEE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="06ACF507C4B94FAF3A3619C9DEC64B5F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="455623FC4C4998E0DF07F0689307098A" baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Deltocyathoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Deltocyathoides orientalis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEE3645FC3822109E7BF6B5E78D60EDC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Deltocyathoides orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BIVa2, locality unknown, 80)
|
||
<emphasis id="2CFF101FD058E19F54A3BA7331F7FDA3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="930B85D1B2DB71248FF587F07B4AF678" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis id="82D758BD747479017E86C0D01F7EED9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="68C8D224E4B8F65D76E105D64C3A425C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEE3D4C4302AC0B80B96FA5DC7506F9C" authorityName="Kitahara & Cairns" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Deltocyathoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Deltocyathoides sentus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A16DC790961A05F117F703137A712C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Deltocyathoides sentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 91551, off
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F30F51DDD267767B0995022A2A5A5A14" originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock, 300 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="DB9006F12D490C322C438BD549F956BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="9A8F4986231F563661E68CFE7A7732D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6AED8E57AF6E4D2B757965915EFB0AA" authorityName="Gardiner" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gilchristi" subGenus="Eusthenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A090086, off Cape Point, 24 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="944B62739D9707E3CA0DCC9E1C1F184B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="A62671980D663B1025452693D97004FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="399899E28BDA55BB021AAAD142632D13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="A8C28215FF152F454A40AC431B065678" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCC2C561371691E43139603D7821FDEA" authorityName="von Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiacus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_ H1416, off the Agulhas, 366 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="FE743AF8A85F5C664A88A5C7583BF9CC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="CBB88E90CD2E19FD4151A2EF8F5BE973" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="9CB15B0F4A309DC1F113A4ECF1DD171C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="D0458B9574648C86793EC3F822AD1F2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F7A34BCBF7D1CBCDB442C7307AF8F39" authorityName="Cairns in Cairns & Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="evexicostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A090085, locality data unknown, 43 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="21E38520F76208FE1E307FEC212EDFA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="1D0116F7DD4A98C2B0FA93EB8C794600" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="3A5A28AF8FFA15DF050F914BC1CA6086" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="A3075D83EBE2A4CF3DFC37C0CE061503" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CF0C93264AF2609C65B3B243E3B96BD" authorityName="Cairns in Cairns & Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imbricaticostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 91715_Holotype, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 44 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="9B479354CF84BE837704EC25A39A8FB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="B0EB3B2D094338155628713330022BF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="AF3B435847AEE20CF6284AF4FB896E7B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="61852900EAD3BDD2E9B532E485CC3694" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE7340948DCAE480DAEE41D2C523515B" baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Tropidocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocyathus lessonii" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lessonii">
|
||
<emphasis id="CE34D6E87A4482DD306948E66AB5B329" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tropidocyathus lessonii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_ A073218, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="65E115061562D25331AC351AA80C8E86" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="C25F05E9C4064FB8715275C74F3D3E4A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="C65BA43A57C7F8CF23F4EB0D55B363DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6A073711342BD461F3092A97D41FE537" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J-M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1E8DCA2F602CACF1CFA319020E9823F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O-P</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="014E68F69A4EB4CB11531C36CA08A187" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="2F1FCE053CB101E99A4AF7E186511D7B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |