181 lines
26 KiB
XML
181 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="694C41B12006511CA2E477BB97A06565" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3454.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5254709" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629804185619" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kallies, Axel" docDate="2012" docId="4416643FFFD06075FF07FEBB00E6CFFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03454p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3454 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3454.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cossodes White 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="B82F1C47FFC76062FF90FFF80573CA5E" masterDocTitle="Revision of Cossinae and small Zeuzerinae from Australia (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) 3454" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699114205071" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A4D8C30336E2EDDDB8B8FE6CF22B0525">Revision of Cossinae and small Zeuzerinae from Australia (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) 3454</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47610A6D4730E64F12C7D60F0EB7449C">Kallies, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="4416643FFFD06075FF07FEBB00E6CFFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5256313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5256313" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4416643FFFD06075FF07FEBB00E6CFFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4416643FFFD06075FF07FEBB00E6CFFF" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="84A586A2FFD06075FF07FEBB04D1CB02" box="[151,418,322,349]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF07FEBB04D1CB02" blockId="23.[151,418,322,349]" box="[151,418,322,349]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="97486245FFD06075FF07FEBB04D1CB02" bold="true" box="[151,418,322,349]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FF07FEBB04D1CB02" ID-CoL="9263R" authority="White, 1841" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[151,418,322,349]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF07FEBB04D1CB02" bold="true" box="[151,418,322,349]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF07FEBB0475CB03" bold="true" box="[151,262,323,349]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cossodes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FE9DFEBA04D1CB02" author="White, A." box="[269,418,322,348]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="450 - 482" refId="ref44632" refString="White, A. (1841) Notes on some insects from King George's Sound, collected and presented to the British Museum by Captain George Grey. In Grey, G., Journals of two expeditions of discovery in north west and western Australia, during the years 1837, 38, and 39. Under the authority of Her Majesty's government, describing many newly discovered, important and fertile districts, with observations on the moral and physical character of the aboriginal inhabitants, & c. & c. T. and W. Boone, London, pp. 450 - 482." type="book chapter" year="1841">White, 1841</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84A586A2FFD06075FF07FE7C07E2C98E" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF07FE7C0736CBC7" blockId="23.[151,581,388,409]" box="[151,581,388,409]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="13046B8BFFD06075FF07FE7C05B4CBC7" box="[151,199,388,409]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FE88FE7C0732CBC7" authority="White, 1841" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[280,577,388,409]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lyonetii">
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Cossodes lyonetii
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FE58FE7C0732CBC7" author="White, A." box="[456,577,388,409]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="450 - 482" refId="ref44632" refString="White, A. (1841) Notes on some insects from King George's Sound, collected and presented to the British Museum by Captain George Grey. In Grey, G., Journals of two expeditions of discovery in north west and western Australia, during the years 1837, 38, and 39. Under the authority of Her Majesty's government, describing many newly discovered, important and fertile districts, with observations on the moral and physical character of the aboriginal inhabitants, & c. & c. T. and W. Boone, London, pp. 450 - 482." type="book chapter" year="1841">White, 1841</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF07FE3C049EC87D" blockId="23.[151,1436,452,1441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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This unusual monotypic genus was excluded from
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FD48FE3C064ECB82" box="[728,829,452,476]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FCF9FE3C0160CB82" author="Schoorl, J. W." box="[873,1043,452,476]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 295" refId="ref44237" refString="Schoorl, J. W. (1990) A phylogenetic study on Cossidae (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia) based on external morphology. Zool. Verh. Leiden, 263, 1 - 295, Figs 1 - 138, pl. 1, tables 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1990">Schoorl (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FBDCFE3C007ACB82" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[1100,1289,452,476]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref44849" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2011) Catalogue of the Family Cossidae of the Old World (Lepidoptera). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 66, 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2011">Yakovlev (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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, but retained in the family by
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FEC6FE1F077DCBA1" author="Edwards, E. D." box="[342,526,487,511]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref42670" refString="Edwards, E. D. (1996) Cossidae. In: Nielsen, E. S., Edwards, E. D. & Rangsi, T. V. (Ed.) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Series 4. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 119 - 121." type="book chapter" year="1996">Edwards (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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. We follow
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FD0AFE1F063CCBA1" author="Edwards, E. D." box="[666,847,487,511]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref42670" refString="Edwards, E. D. (1996) Cossidae. In: Nielsen, E. S., Edwards, E. D. & Rangsi, T. V. (Ed.) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Series 4. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 119 - 121." type="book chapter" year="1996">Edwards (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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and consider
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FC7FFE10012AC85E" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[1007,1113,488,512]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FC7FFE10012AC85E" box="[1007,1113,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cossodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a primitive
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FB76FE1F0038CBA1" box="[1254,1355,487,511]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
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genus, tentatively placed in
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FE11FDF30499C87D" box="[385,490,523,547]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cossinae">Cossinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF57FDD706CCC8EC" blockId="23.[151,1436,452,1441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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The single known species,
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FE6CFDD70701C819" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[508,626,559,583]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lyonetii">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FE6CFDD70701C819" box="[508,626,559,583]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. lyonetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FD13FDD70674C819" box="[643,775,559,583]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 84, 85</figureCitation>
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), occurs only in the far southwest of
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<collectingCountry id="B4A895B9FFD06075FB24FDD70068C819" box="[1204,1307,559,583]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FABBFDD700E3C819" box="[1323,1424,559,583]" captionStart="FIGURES 167–172" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,167,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-59@60.[166,1430,167,1924]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 167–172. Distribution Maps, Cossinae. 167. Macrocyttara expressa (), M. pamphaea (⊖). 168. Zyganisus fulvicollis sp. nov. 169. Z. caliginosus. 170. Z. propedia. 171. Z. acalanthis sp. nov. (), Z. cadigalorum (⊖). 172. Cossodes lyonetii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254757" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254757/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 170</figureCitation>
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). Several specimens were collected during daytime resting in sedges in heath land, suggesting that the larvae may develop in the roots of sedges or shrubs. A larva, preserved in
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<collectionCode id="AAAE4DECFFD06075FCC9FD8F06D3C8D1" box="[857,928,631,655]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ANIC</collectionCode>
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, was collected while feeding in the roots and subterranean stem of a sessile species of
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FDF1FD6306C8C8EC" authority="(Edwards 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[609,955,666,691]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FDF1FD63078DC8ED" box="[609,766,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Xanthorrhoea</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FC9BFD6206C1C8EC" author="Edwards, E. D." box="[779,946,666,690]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref42732" refString="Edwards, E. D. (1997) Moths in the Sun. ANIC News, 10, 7 - 8." type="journal article" year="1997">Edwards 1997</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF57FD4507E2C98E" blockId="23.[151,1436,452,1441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF57FD450768C888" bold="true" box="[199,539,701,726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF57FD45044FC888" box="[199,316,701,726]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">Genitalia.</emphasis>
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Male (
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FE00FD45077EC888" box="[400,525,701,726]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 86a–c</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Uncus long, finger-like and pointed; gnathos not ending in a club-like structure (bulla) as seen in other Australian
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<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FDBDFD1A07E1C8A4" box="[557,658,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cossinae">Cossinae</taxonomicName>
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(compare
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FC81FD1A0616C8A4" box="[785,869,738,762]" captionStart="FIGURES 40–45" captionStartId="41.[151,263,1950,1973]" captionTargetBox="[277,1300,188,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-82@41.[243,1345,161,1949]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 40–45. Culama species, male genitalia. Figs 40–41. C. australis. 40. a. lateral projection of transtilla, b. lateral lobe of juxta, c. bulla (GP AK614, CAK). 41. (GP AK615, CAK). Fig. 42. C. anthracica sp. nov. (GP AK604, CAK). Fig. 43. C. crepera (GP AK709, ANIC). Fig. 44. C. dasythrix (GP AK713, ANIC). Fig. 45. C. suffusca sp. nov. (GP AK605, CAK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254719/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
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) but in a fine tip, with gnathos arms connecting directly to the membrane of tuba analis; valvae are broad and rounded with a conspicuous, pointed crista sacculi near the ventral margin; transtilla is not developed; juxta lacking any extended lateral lobes; vinculum and saccus very small (
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FE8BFCB5040FC93B" box="[283,380,845,869]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 86a</figureCitation>
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); phallus strongly bent with a single tooth distally and a pair of small teeth towards the middle (
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FF0FFC890442C9D7" box="[159,305,881,905]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 86 a, b</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FEDBFC89076EC9D7" bold="true" box="[331,541,880,905]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Female (
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<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FE26FC88077CC9D7" box="[438,527,880,905]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Ovipositor short and wide, papillae anales broad; ductus bursae with wellsclerotized antrum, ductus itself partially sclerotized and strongly twisted, opening into a simple corpus bursae; with a relatively large weak secondary bursa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84A586A2FFD06075FF57FC2406A5CEDD" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF57FC2406A5CEDD" blockId="23.[151,1436,452,1441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF57FC2404A9C9AB" bold="true" box="[199,474,988,1013]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
|
||
Diagnosis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5484C9ACFFD06075FED9FC2404BEC9AB" box="[329,461,988,1013]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–87" captionStartId="47.[151,263,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,213,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-50@47.[151,1436,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 84–87. Cossodes lyonetii, Western Australia. 84. ♂ (ANIC). 85. ♀ (ANIC). 86. Male genitalia, a. ventral view, b. phallus, c. details of phallus (GP H18, ANIC). 87. Female genitalia (GP 18558, ANIC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5254733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5254733/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 84, 85</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Medium sized cossid moths with striking white and black marked forewings, thorax, and abdomen and with black hindwings with a strong bluish lustre. Antennae simple, without distinct pectination or rami; in males very shortly serrate at the tip. The genitalia of both male and female are very unusual, in particular the absence of a bulla, the lack of lateral projections of the transtilla, and the presence of a crista in the male, and the short ovipositor and the twisted ductus bursae in the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84A586A2FFD06075FF57FB7700E6CFFF" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC00D529FFD06075FF57FB7700E6CFFF" blockId="23.[151,1436,452,1441]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FF57FB770448CEF9" bold="true" box="[199,315,1167,1191]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The male and female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FD2AFB770657CEF9" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[698,804,1167,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FD2AFB770657CEF9" box="[698,804,1167,1191]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cossodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ distinctly from typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FBE0FB7701AACEF9" box="[1136,1241,1167,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cossinae">Cossinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In particular, the short ovipositor, the strongly twisted ductus bursae and the presence of a crista sacculi on the valva appear to be distinct apomorphies of this genus. Furthermore, the biology of the species is unusual with the larvae feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FF07FB020416CF4C" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,357,1274,1298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Xanthorrhoeaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a monocotyledon plant family, whereas all other Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FB85FB020109CF4C" box="[1045,1146,1274,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cossinae">Cossinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with known biology feed on dicotyledon plant families. This biological feature is shared, however, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FB81FAE60006CF68" authority="Walker, 1855" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" box="[1041,1397,1310,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Ptilomacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senex">
|
||
<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FB81FAE601A6CF68" box="[1041,1237,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ptilomacra senex</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FB4DFAE60006CF68" author="Walker, F." box="[1245,1397,1310,1334]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="977 - 1257" refId="ref44538" refString="Walker, F. (1855) List of the specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. Lepidoptera Heterocera, 5, 977 - 1257." type="journal article" year="1855">Walker, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an unplaced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FE97FAB9041FCF07" box="[263,364,1345,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FE4BFAB907F0CF07" author="Edwards, E. D." box="[475,643,1345,1369]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref42670" refString="Edwards, E. D. (1996) Cossidae. In: Nielsen, E. S., Edwards, E. D. & Rangsi, T. V. (Ed.) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Series 4. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, pp. 119 - 121." type="book chapter" year="1996">Edwards 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) that was excluded from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FC25FAB90169CF07" box="[949,1050,1345,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by some authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FB69FAB900EBCF07" author="Schoorl, J. W." box="[1273,1432,1345,1369]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 295" refId="ref44237" refString="Schoorl, J. W. (1990) A phylogenetic study on Cossidae (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia) based on external morphology. Zool. Verh. Leiden, 263, 1 - 295, Figs 1 - 138, pl. 1, tables 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1990">Schoorl 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A82EA8D8FFD06075FF07FA9D0430CF23" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[151,323,1381,1405]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref44849" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2011) Catalogue of the Family Cossidae of the Old World (Lepidoptera). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 66, 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2011">Yakovlev 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Resolving the systematic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FD63FA9D062ECF23" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1841" box="[755,861,1381,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Cossodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FECB093BFFD06075FD63FA9D062ECF23" box="[755,861,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cossodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is beyond the scope of this paper and will require a broader phylogenetic analysis of the Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BBFAEAAFFD06075FD3FFA710667CFFF" box="[687,788,1417,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some species currently placed outside of this family.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |