157 lines
18 KiB
XML
157 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="3245089694970E391031D915E4A02623" ID-CLB-Dataset="51060" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171005" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f44239af-f680-4f39-901c-b7da05e8b94f" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171005" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459717764273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yan, Chuncai, Tang, Hongqu & Wang, Xinhua" docDate="2005" docId="3F7C91208071FFE12F67FED6FC9EF9FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00910.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 910" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Demicryptochironomus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="C345E9588066FFF92E6FFFCAFFDEFFF5" masterDocTitle="Demicryptochironomus Lenz from China (Diptera: Chironomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698212082548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5BFBBF6E861401E5A16B9A467373E50E">
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<mods:title id="AEEED441207BA05C47F3DAA863CE39EA">Demicryptochironomus Lenz from China (Diptera: Chironomidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B1A47E9A70A60D144DA4AF3BA757C9EA">Yan, Chuncai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC8FF09BE7838758A87C0441460D8426">Tang, Hongqu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="33E32AAB92356D9A75A9B934542AA088">Wang, Xinhua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F293322938A64DC79C0C5C6E3BC772D5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D2C458618B6100124E15BA7CEF5B7AF1">
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<mods:date id="D363A75A0047ED5AC0B14CDDDC04EA96">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="1B095E80C9620D65BDFA8E68C62948F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171005</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3F7C91208071FFE12F67FED6FC9EF9FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6265302" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119334993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6265302" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3F7C91208071FFE12F67FED6FC9EF9FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F7C91208071FFE12F67FED6FC9EF9FB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="FFCF73BD8071FFEE2F67FED6FCC0FEC0" box="[264,798,283,310]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFEE2F67FED6FCC0FEC0" blockId="23.[264,798,283,310]" box="[264,798,283,310]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="EC22975A8071FFEE2F67FED6FCC0FEC0" bold="true" box="[264,798,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2F67FED6FCC0FEC0" bold="true" box="[264,798,283,310]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="70D55BB58071FFEE2F67FED6FDFBFEC3" ID-CoL="42V4" ID-ENA="1891129" box="[264,549,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Demicryptochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2F67FED6FDFBFEC3" bold="true" box="[264,549,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Demicryptochironomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1 (
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB38071FFEE2C1AFED1FD08FEC0" box="[629,726,283,309]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
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A–E)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFCF73BD8071FFE12F67FEACFD01FEAB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFEE2F67FEACFE2AFE5C" blockId="23.[264,1324,358,585]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2F67FEACFE26FE75" bold="true" box="[264,504,358,384]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined</emphasis>
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: 1 larva,
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<collectingCountry id="CFC260A68071FFEE2C1EFEADFD64FE74" box="[625,698,359,385]" name="China" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
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, Hebei Province, Zunhua County Sahe River,
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<date id="C36B06F68071FFEE2A80FEADFE9BFE5C" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1999-10-05">5. X. 1999</date>
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, leg. X. Wang.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFEE2F57FE7DFDCCFE24" blockId="23.[264,1324,358,585]" box="[312,530,439,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fourthinstar larva</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFEE2F57FE15FE02FDBC" blockId="23.[264,1324,358,585]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Small species, total length
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<quantity id="702D8DD38071FFEE2C15FE15FD39FE0C" box="[634,743,479,505]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.89" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.89">2.89 mm</quantity>
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, with pale brown color in alcohol. Head capsule and posterior occipital region pale. Head capsule 150 µm wide, 192.5 µm long, cephalic index (W/L) 0.78.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E3AA70BE8071FFEE2F67F980FDB3F971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" targetPageId="23">
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFEE2F67F980FDB3F971" blockId="23.[264,1323,1610,1668]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2F67F980FE45F997" bold="true" box="[264,411,1610,1634]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="70D55BB58071FFEE2FC9F980FD7FF994" box="[422,673,1610,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Demicryptochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2FC9F980FD7FF994" box="[422,673,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Demicryptochironomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="B76A20368071FFE12F57F97DFD01FEAB" blockId="23.[264,1325,1719,1906]" lastBlockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC248071FFEE2F57F97DFE7DF924" bold="true" box="[312,419,1719,1745]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Antenna</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB38071FFEE2FDCF972FDD6F927" box="[435,520,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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A): Total length 118 µm long, about 0.61 times as long as head; with 6 segments, each segment length (in µm): 37.5, 15, 20, 25, 5, 2. AR 0.57–0.60. Basal segment 12.5 µm wide, ratio (L/W): 3.0. Ring organ located in apical third of basal segment, 4 µm in diameter, distance from base 27.5 µm. Second antennal segment relatively long, 7.5 µm wide, twice as long as wide. Blade situated at 1/2 of third segment,
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<quantity id="702D8DD38071FFEE2AEBF892FB39F887" box="[1156,1255,1880,1906]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="37.5">37.5 m</quantity>
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long, extending to apex of fifth segment. Accessory blade short. Style located at apex of fifth segment, about as long as fifth segment.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFCF73BD807EFFE12F57FEA1FC47FB53" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FEA1FC56FE23" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FEA1FE77FE70" bold="true" box="[312,425,363,389]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Labrum:</emphasis>
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SI hairlike, small. SII simple and strong, bladelike, 40 µm long, extending to posterior part of ungula. SIV divided into 3, each division length (in µm) 12.5, 10, and 5. Premandible (
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB3807EFFE12FA6FE76FDC0FE23" box="[457,542,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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B) 45 µm long, with 3–4 teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FE29FD1DFD83" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FE29FE6EFE08" bold="true" box="[312,432,483,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mandible</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB3807EFFE12FACFE2EFDC2FE0B" box="[451,540,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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C): Total length 60 µm long. With apical tooth and 2 sharp inner teeth. Apical tooth 15 µm long, combined width of inner teeth 7.5 µm. Seta interna with 2 long bladelike branches. Pecten mandibularis with 2 or 3 short branches, not extending beyond the inner margin of mandible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FD4EFC05FCE3" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FD4EFE7DFD6B" bold="true" box="[312,419,644,670]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mentum</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB3807EFFE12FD9FD4EFDD1FD6B" box="[438,527,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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E): 62.5 µm wide, with 7 pairs of dark brown lateral teeth, and 1 semicircular pale median tooth. Each half of sclerotized lateral teeth 17.5 µm wide and median pale tooth 25 µm wide. Ventromental plate slender longer, 80 µm wide, with numerous striae; distance between ventromental plates 35 µm
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FCEEFAFCFC7B" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FCEEFE6DFCCB" bold="true" box="[312,435,804,830]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Maxillary</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="2FEE3CB3807EFFE12FACFCEEFDC7FCCB" box="[451,537,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[264,368,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[360,1234,627,1591]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[333,1267,624,1605]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Demicryptochironomus sp. 1. Fourthinstar larva. A. Antenna B. Premandible. C. Mandible D. Maxilla. E. Mentum" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171016/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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D): Maxillary palp with 2 parts, basal portion about 3 times as long as wide (length 30 µm; width 10 µm), distal 1/3 not well sclerotized. Second part 20 µm long, with 4–6 short blades, b sensillum 3segmented, with ratio between segments 2: 3: 1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FC56FD55FBA3" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FC56FE65FC43" bold="true" box="[312,443,924,950]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Posterior parapods 120 µm long, 60 µm wide. Procercus 22.5 µm high and 25 µm wide, with 8 anal seta, 450–500 µm long, two small subapical anal setae each 50 µm long. Supraanal seta 250 µm long, longer than posterior parapods. Anal tubules 2 pairs, upper pairs sausagelike, 62.5 µm long and 25 µm wide; lower pairs broadly triangular, 87.5 µm long, 37.5 µm wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FBAEFC47FB53" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FBAEFE7AFB8B" bold="true" box="[312,420,1124,1150]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ecology:</emphasis>
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The larva was collected from sandy substrata in the Sahe River, a branch of the Luanhe River, in shallow water less than
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<quantity id="702D8DD3807EFFE12D79FB46FC8CFB53" box="[790,850,1164,1190]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5m</quantity>
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deep.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFCF73BD807EFFE12F57FB7EFC9EF9FB" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B76A2036807EFFE12F57FB7EFC9EF9FB" blockId="24.[264,1325,284,1550]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12F57FB7EFE6DFB3B" bold="true" box="[312,435,1204,1230]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The larva is distinguished by having a 6segmented antenna and a maxillary palpiger with well developed 3segmented A seta, which differs from the diagnosis of the genus (antenna with 7 segments). Other characters agree with the generic diagnosis given by
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<bibRefCitation id="D3445DC7807EFFE12F18FAE6FD49FAB3" author="Pinder" box="[375,663,1324,1350]" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" refString="Pinder, L. C. V. & Reiss, F. (1983) The larvae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplementum, 19, 293 - 435." type="journal article" year="1983">Pinder and Reiss (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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. Measurements (except for the number of antennal segments) resemble those of
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<taxonomicName id="70D55BB5807EFFE12C59FA9EFBE7FA9B" authority="Townes" authorityName="Townes" box="[566,1081,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Demicryptochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastigatus">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12C59FA9EFC1DFA98" box="[566,963,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Demicryptochironomus fastigatus</emphasis>
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(Townes)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="70D55BB5807EFFE12A1CFA9EFEB3FA60" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Demicryptochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12A1CFA9EFEB3FA60" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Demicryptochironomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. A sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="D3445DC7807EFFE12C6CFAB6FD42FA63" author="Epler" box="[515,668,1404,1430]" pageId="24" pageNumber="29" refString="Epler, J. H. (2001) Identification Manual for the Larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. A Guide to theTtaxonomy of the Midges of the Southeastern United States, Including Florida. Special Publication SJ 2001 - SP 13. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC, and St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, FL, 526 pp." type="book" year="2001">Epler (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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. The elongated fourth segment of
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12A42FAB6FB95FA60" box="[1069,1099,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D.</emphasis>
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sp.1 is subequal to the combined lengths of the fourth and fifth segments of other larvae in this genus. As only one larval specimen was examined, we temporarily treat it as
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<emphasis id="85A1FC24807EFFE12D9BFA06FBCEFA10" box="[1012,1040,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D.</emphasis>
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sp.
|
||
<quantity id="702D8DD3807EFFE12A50FA06FBB5FA13" box="[1087,1131,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
the preliminary key to known larvae of the genus (given below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |