212 lines
25 KiB
XML
212 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="C9999FCC1F186F8E24B61EC680186D05" ID-CLB-Dataset="6117" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.43.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="83557c59-7c82-48bc-8b98-7f03d76f77f8" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894908" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622652712175" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Henderson, Andrew" docDate="2012" docId="3F64C34FFFF57217FF6CF6E9FB12F99E" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.43.1-48.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 43" docSource="http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.43.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pholidostachys pulchra Burret 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="C35DBB37FFF97219FFFBF13FFFB2FC19" masterDocTitle="A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698999734440" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="97BD5CAF893A7F09A3F867A993221C0E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="75D64409540C908781537B9887514BE8">
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<mods:title id="236DF96C1152B99142E3379DB9B86546">A revision of Pholidostachys (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4E5E77F63EABA5A75A5F42A04A1376C2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E2543FA409CE01781E53DD91938BFDFC">Henderson, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="189B906B0D35CE5A5FB7476F7F40BF35">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA52703BA573B92B763B12B73F0A651D">
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<mods:title id="C603A3BF56D4ED1CED0362EC73F7DA11">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DC3CBCAFE963AEEEAAE957B972F6EFDD">
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<mods:date id="C76E9FBD330E312B6DBCE631F5EDE04A">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4CE6F8C8E6A16B843106C63C30812610">2012-02-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3EA2222A1857FF9E361B70AFEA9D5EA6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2A9B906E6B104E30AB0C7A4A2190EB36">43</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="64E8FD45DD405DA40FF002714A4FC3C1">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="28D3C707B1D8682B69E2F96B34CD90FB">http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.43.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="843F653DA362C530EE4176FAD0A95414">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9B9F0C60FAED268A2FFC501A0B0AAC89" type="CLB-Dataset">6117</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FBCE50506CFE92D68B8FEF787B0943B1" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.43.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EF310D366A3DC46B07D008E9086C221A" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CC7E9BAAB5FB17B806D927C81A7C5956" type="Zenodo-Dep">4894908</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3F64C34FFFF57217FF6CF6E9FB12F99E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928352" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182654196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4928352" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3F64C34FFFF57217FF6CF6E9FB12F99E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F64C34FFFF57217FF6CF6E9FB12F99E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="FFD721D2FFF57215FF6CF6E9FCF8FBE9" box="[151,842,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF57215FF6CF6E9FCF8FBE9" blockId="12.[151,1436,2006,2032]" box="[151,842,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF57215FF6CF6E9FCF8FBE9" bold="true" box="[151,842,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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5.
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF57215FF4FF6E9FCF6FBE9" ID-CoL="77BPP" authority="Wendl. ex Burret (1930: 130)" authorityName="Burret" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1930" box="[180,836,2006,2032]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF57215FF4FF6E9FE62FBE9" bold="true" box="[180,464,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pholidostachys pulchra</emphasis>
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Wendl. ex
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<bibRefCitation id="D35C0FA8FFF57215FDA7F6E9FCF6FBE9" author="Burret, M." box="[604,836,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="123 - 270" refId="ref10884" refString="Burret, M. (1930) Geonomeae americanae. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 63: 123 - 270." type="journal article" year="1930">Burret (1930: 130)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFD721D2FFF57215FCA9F6E8FA2EFBE9" box="[850,1436,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF57215FCA9F6E8FA2EFBE9" blockId="12.[151,1436,2006,2032]" box="[850,1436,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF57215FCA9F6E8FA2EFBE9" authority="(Wendl. ex Burret) Wessels Boer, 1968: 74" authorityName="Wessels Boer" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Wendland ex Burret" box="[850,1436,2006,2032]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Calyptrogyne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF57215FCA9F6E8FBE1FBE9" box="[850,1107,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Calyptrogyne pulchra</emphasis>
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(Wendl. ex Burret)
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<bibRefCitation id="D35C0FA8FFF57215FAC5F6E9FA2EFBE9" author="Wessels Boer, J. G." box="[1342,1436,2006,2032]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 202" refId="ref11929" refString="Wessels Boer, J. G. (1968) The geonomoid palms. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandsche Akademie Van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 58: 1 - 202." type="journal article" year="1968">Wessels</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FFD721D2FFF47217FF6CF1A7FB12F99E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF47214FF6CF1A7FEE8FCC1" blockId="13.[151,1435,152,216]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Boer, 1968: 74. Type:
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF47214FE59F1A7FDE0FCAB" box="[418,594,152,178]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF47214FDA5F1A7FD72FCAB" box="[606,704,152,178]" country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Heredia</collectingRegion>
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: “flum. Sarapiquí”, 1857,
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FC02F1A7FB7EFCA8" box="[1017,1228,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. Wendland s. n.</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="6876CCFBFFF47214FB27F1A7FAF7FCAB" box="[1244,1349,152,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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GOET
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FF6CF180FF0DFCC1" box="[151,191,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8A1330FFF47214FF6CF180FF0DFCC1" box="[151,191,191,216]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="variety">n.v.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, isotype K!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF47214FF6CF034FDD6FED6" blockId="13.[151,1436,267,796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FF6CF034FF52FD3C" bold="true" box="[151,224,267,293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stems</emphasis>
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3.7(1.5–6.6) m long, 4.6(3.0–8.0) cm diameter, solitary or rarely clustered.
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FBA5F034FB06FD3C" bold="true" box="[1118,1204,267,293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leaves</emphasis>
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12(7–23) per stem; sheaths 32.1(20.0–48.0) cm long; petioles 85.3(49.0–150.0) cm long; rachises 70.5(32.0–130.0) cm long, 6.8(3.3–13.1) mm diameter; pinnae 6(3–9) per side of rachis; basal pinna 48.1(35.5–61.0) cm long, 1.2(0.4– 3.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 62(42–93)° with the rachis; apical pinna 40.3(30.0–54.0) cm long, 11.3(4.0–20.0) cm wide, forming an angle of 16(11–27)° with the rachis.
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FC0DF099FB14FDD9" bold="true" box="[1014,1190,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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spicate, with a welldeveloped peduncle, absent rachis, and 1 rachilla, this arching or erect at anthesis; prophylls 14.8(5.0–29.0) cm long; peduncular bracts 31.4(12.5–59.0) cm long, inserted 3.4(1.1–10.0) cm above the prophyll; peduncles 13.1(4.5–33.0) cm long, 5.7(3.6–11.8) mm diameter; rachilla 1, 37.2(7.5–85.0) cm long, 9.4(6.2–16.2) mm diameter; proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved;
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FEC7F358FE33FE98" bold="true" box="[316,385,615,641]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">fruits</emphasis>
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compressed, obovoid in lateral view with an asymmetric base, ellipsoid in frontal view, with a pronounced longitudinal ridge on one side and several lesser ridges on opposite side, 22.3(11.5–29.2) mm long, 11.1(6.6–14.6) mm diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF47214FF3DF3E4FBE8FF05" blockId="13.[151,1436,267,796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FF3DF3E4FE47FEEC" bold="true" box="[198,501,731,757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
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. From 11°22’–
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<geoCoordinate id="D2F9149EFFF47214FD52F3E3FD4CFEEF" box="[681,766,732,758]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="3.1666667">3°10’N</geoCoordinate>
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and 76°13’–
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<geoCoordinate id="D2F9149EFFF47214FC69F3E3FBB2FEEF" box="[914,1024,732,758]" degrees="84" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-84.4">84°24’W</geoCoordinate>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF47214FBDFF3E3FB2DFEEF" box="[1060,1183,732,758]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF47214FB50F3E3FA9EFEEF" box="[1195,1324,732,758]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF47214FAC3F3E3FA2AFEEF" box="[1336,1432,732,758]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, and western
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF47214FED0F23DFE2DFF05" box="[299,415,770,796]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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at 331(12–1000) m elevation in lowland rainforest (
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<figureCitation id="2FF66EDCFFF47214FBFFF23DFBFEFF05" box="[1028,1100,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,257,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,866,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-264@13.[150,1437,854,1913]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution maps of Pholidostachys pulchra, P. sanluisensis, P. synanthera subsp. synanthera, and P. synanthera subsp. robusta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894920/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E3B222D1FFF47214FF6CF646FE04FBAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4894920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4894920/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,257,1913,1937]" targetBox="[159,1425,866,1888]" targetPageId="13">
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF47214FF6CF646FE04FBAF" blockId="13.[151,1436,1913,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FF6CF646FEA4FB88" bold="true" box="[151,278,1913,1937]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
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. Distribution maps of
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FDE8F646FC66FB89" box="[531,980,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FDE8F646FCAEFB89" ID-CoL="77BPP" box="[531,796,1913,1936]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">Pholidostachys pulchra</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FCD3F646FC62FB89" ID-CoL="6VBPS" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2012" box="[808,976,1913,1936]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanluisensis">P. sanluisensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FC27F646FAF4FB89" ID-CoL="5KDN4" authority="subsp. synanthera" box="[988,1350,1913,1936]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="synanthera" subSpecies="synanthera">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FC27F646FBC4FB89" box="[988,1142,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. synanthera</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FB37F646FAF4FB89" box="[1228,1350,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">synanthera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FA7FF646FE1DFBAF" ID-CoL="5KDN3" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="synanthera" subSpecies="robusta">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FA7FF646FEBCFBAF" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. synanthera</emphasis>
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subsp.
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FEA5F6A0FE1DFBAF" box="[350,431,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">robusta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF47217FF3DF6FCFC7CFCAB" blockId="13.[151,1436,1913,2014]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FF3DF6FCFE2AFBC4" bold="true" box="[198,408,1987,2013]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FE5DF6FBFD0EFBC4" ID-CoL="77BPP" authorityName="Wendl. ex Burret" box="[422,700,1988,2013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FE5DF6FBFD0EFBC4" box="[422,700,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pholidostachys pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shares with
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF47214FCB4F6FBFC44FBC4" ID-CoL="6VBPP" authorityName="Henderson" authorityYear="2012" box="[847,1014,1988,2013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamensis">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF47214FCB4F6FBFC44FBC4" box="[847,1014,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. panamensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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a spicate inflorescence and unequal prophyll and peduncular bract. It is a widespread and variable species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF181FDA9FD55" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF77217FF3DF181FE7FFCC1" bold="true" box="[198,461,190,216]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Subspecific variation</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF77217FE27F180FD43FCC1" ID-CoL="77BPP" authorityName="Wendl. ex Burret" box="[476,753,191,216]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF77217FE27F180FD43FCC1" box="[476,753,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pholidostachys pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in at least six geographically separate populations. However, no subspecific division is made here for two reasons. It is not clear if the gaps between some of the populations are artifacts of insufficient collecting, and in most cases there are too few specimens to test for differences amongst populations.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF066FB7DFE17" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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From the north, at low elevations of 245(15–750) m in
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<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FC96F066FC57FD6A" box="[877,997,345,371]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
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and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FBDEF066FB15FD6A" box="[1061,1191,345,371]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
there is a large and apparently uniform population. This population has proximal lips that are slightly different from other populations; they are wider than long and the apex of each lip slightly overlaps the bases of the next two, distal lips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2FF66EDCFFF77217FEE6F0F2FEC9FDFE" box="[285,379,461,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,1714,1730]" captionTargetId="graphics-172@6.[151,1437,1714,1731]" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Proximal lips of flower pits irregularly shaped, often acute or acuminate, completely covering pits before anthesis (Pholidostachys dactyloides; left de Nevers 8402, right Arguëllo 477). B. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved (P. panamensis; de Nevers 6767). C. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved (P. pulchra; left Henderson 712, right Henderson 59). D. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, not covering pits before anthesis, recurved (left P. occidentalis, Henderson 138; right P. synanthera subsp. synanthera, Henderson 161). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928647/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
, left). One specimen from near Puerto Viejo in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FC40F0F2FB8DFDFE" box="[955,1087,461,487]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is reported to have clustered stems; all others are solitary. There is a single outlier in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FCDDF0CBFC1BFE17" box="[806,937,500,526]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from the Osa Peninsula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF325FCF8FEB1" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The gap between the Nicaraguan and Costa Rican population and the next, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF77217FB99F325FB62FE2D" box="[1122,1232,538,564]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FB26F325FA88FE2D" box="[1245,1338,538,564]" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
appears real since there are collections of many other palms from the intervening region. The
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF77217FB5DF37EFAA6FE42" box="[1190,1300,577,603]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
|
||
population occurs at higher elevations of 712(400–1000) m and has shorter stems, smaller leaves, smaller inflorescences, and larger fruits than the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FE45F3B1FD84FEB1" box="[446,566,654,680]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FDC4F3B1FD0FFEB1" box="[575,701,654,680]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
population.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF38AFB50FF05" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The next population, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF77217FE15F38AFD87FED6" box="[494,565,693,719]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coclé</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FDBFF38AFD16FED6" box="[580,676,693,719]" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, occurs at slightly lower elevations at 519(100–775) m. It has shorter and narrower apical pinnae with a narrower angle and longer peduncular bracts and interbract distances than other populations. One specimen from here is reported to have clustered stems.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF216FA8EF861" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The next population occurs east of the Canal Zone, in three areas, the Santa Rita Ridge, Cerro Brewster, and the western end of the Serranía de San Blas. These are likely to represent collecting localities rather than populations, and all are treated together. This population occurs also occurs at slightly lower elevations at 426(200–850) m. It has longer stems, longer and wider rachises, longer and wider peduncles, and longer and wider rachillae than other Central American populations. One specimen (
|
||
<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF77217FBFCF2FBFB73FFC4" box="[1031,1217,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">de Nevers 5206</emphasis>
|
||
) has an unusually short inflorescence. In this population, several specimens are reported to have clustered stems. This and other Panamanian populations (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF77217FE2BF52EFDF1F832" box="[464,579,1041,1067]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7509BCBBFFF77217FDAAF52EFD2BF832" box="[593,665,1041,1067]" country="Panama" name="Cocle" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coclé</collectingRegion>
|
||
) have different proximal lips from the Costa Rican/Nicaraguan population; they are usually longer than wide and do not overlap the two distal lips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2FF66EDCFFF77217FB89F507FB7FF84B" box="[1138,1229,1080,1106]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,1714,1730]" captionTargetId="graphics-172@6.[151,1437,1714,1731]" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Proximal lips of flower pits irregularly shaped, often acute or acuminate, completely covering pits before anthesis (Pholidostachys dactyloides; left de Nevers 8402, right Arguëllo 477). B. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved (P. panamensis; de Nevers 6767). C. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, completely covering pits before anthesis and not recurved (P. pulchra; left Henderson 712, right Henderson 59). D. Proximal lips of flower pits regularly shaped, rounded, not covering pits before anthesis, recurved (left P. occidentalis, Henderson 138; right P. synanthera subsp. synanthera, Henderson 161). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928647" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928647/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
, right). However, a few specimens from San Blas have proximal lips more like the Costa Rican/Nicaraguan population.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF5BAFEABF90A" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Almost
|
||
<quantity id="7035DFBCFFF77217FEDDF5BAFE30F886" box="[294,386,1157,1183]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
|
||
further south, there are two populations in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CFDA32C9FFF77217FC0CF5BAFBDDF886" box="[1015,1135,1157,1183]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. One of these, from near Quibdó at 356(200–450) m elevation, comprises several specimens that have unusually short inflorescences and smaller fruits. These tend to have the inflorescence bracts surrounding, although not covering, the rachilla at anthesis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7727259FFF77217FF3DF41FFB12F99E" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Furthest south, from Valle at 129(12–600) m elevation, there are several specimens that also have unusually small fruits, like those of the population from near Quibdó. However, unlike that population, the Valle specimens have the longest rachillae of any population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="70CD09DAFFF77217FC78F452FB2AF99F" ID-CoL="77BPP" authorityName="Wendl. ex Burret" box="[899,1176,1389,1414]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pholidostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="85B9AE4BFFF77217FC78F452FB2AF99F" box="[899,1176,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pholidostachys pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |