128 lines
16 KiB
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128 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.227.3797" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2060b92d-c547-4fce-85b3-83857b8b0dff" ID-PMC="PMC3487650" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-227-63" ID-PubMed="23166465" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-227-63" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 227" ModsDocTitle="New Mecyclothorax spp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) define Mont Mauru, eastern Tahiti Nui, as a distinct area of endemism" checkinTime="1451248689101" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2012" docId="3E49A95205B343E33D90C41F47B83518" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 227: 63-99" docOrigin="ZooKeys 227" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.227.3797" docTitle="Mecyclothorax toretore Liebherr, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFB1FFA89F731D3AFF93FD2CFF88B227" masterDocTitle="New Mecyclothorax spp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) define Mont Mauru, eastern Tahiti Nui, as a distinct area of endemism" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1668154542876" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New Mecyclothorax spp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) define Mont Mauru, eastern Tahiti Nui, as a distinct area of endemism</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>227</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>99</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.227.3797</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.227.3797</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-227-63</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037265" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F574F1B-39E0-4FF0-B7E3-3185CC86ABF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E49A95205B343E33D90C41F47B83518" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="12" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="75">
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4.
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F574F1B-39E0-4FF0-B7E3-3185CC86ABF1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax toretore" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toretore">Mecyclothorax toretore</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="12" pageNumber="75">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 4A8C
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="75">
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This species shares fully striate elytra and transversely-lined elytral microsculpture with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax fuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">Mecyclothorax fuscus</taxonomicName>
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Perrault. Both species are also characterized by presence of only the anterior dorsal elytral seta and only the apical elytral seta; setal formula 2111. However, this species differs by: 1, the very narrow elytra with subparallel lateral margins versus more ovoid elytra in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax fuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">Mecyclothorax fuscus</taxonomicName>
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; and 2, the laterally extended humeri resulting in a MEW/HuW ratio of 1.89 in this species, versus MEW/HuW = 1.97 for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax fuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">Mecyclothorax fuscus</taxonomicName>
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. The pronotal hind angles are also profoundly margined in this species (Fig. 4A), with the lateral and basal marginal beads defining a U-shaped pronotal laterobasal depression. Conversely, the hind angles are upraised but without a distinctly beaded margin in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax fuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">Mecyclothorax fuscus</taxonomicName>
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. Standardized body length is 4.2 mm for this species versus 4.0 mm for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax fuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">Mecyclothorax fuscus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="12" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="12" pageNumber="75">
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Head capsule withlinear, slightly convergent frontal grooves, broad and shallow at frontoclypeal suture, terminated posteriorly mesad thin carina inside anterior supraorbital seta; neck slightly depressed between two pairs of supraorbital setae, depression visible dorsally (Fig. 4A); ocular lobe moderately protruded, hind margin joining gena at 135° angle, juncture marked by narrow, shallow groove; ocular ratio 1.34, ocular lobe ratio 0.88; labral anterior margin nearly straight, emarginated <0.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; antennomeres 1-3 glabrous except for apical setae, pore sensilla visible in the translucent cuticle; antennae elongate, filiform, antennomere 8 length 2.29
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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maximal breadth; mentum tooth sides defining acute angle, apex narrowly rounded. Pronotum subquadrate, MPW/PL = 1.14, base constricted with distinctly sinuate lateral margins anterad sharply projected, nearly right hind angles, MPW/BPW = 1.46; median base moderately depressed relative to disc, 14-16 regular punctures each side; basal margin slightly convex between laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression very fine and shallow on disc, indistinct transverse wrinkles emenating onto disc anteriorly, lenticular depression at front of median base; anterior transverse impression very broad, very shallow medially, impression incised in outer half of breadth each side; anterior callosity slightly convex, crossed with numerous fine longitudinal wrinkles; front angles slightly protruded, broadly rounded laterally; front angles closer together than hind angles, APW/BPW = 0.90; lateral marginal depression very narrow laterally,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="76" start="start">slightly</pageBreakToken>
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wider at front angle, margin beaded throughout, bead broad at sinuate basolateral margin; surface of U-shaped laterobasal depression sparsely lined with minute micropunctures; prosternal process distinctly beaded laterally between procoxae, medially convex between beads. Elytra narrowly subparallel, MEW/HuW = 1.89; disc slightly convex toward apical ⅓ of suture, sloped toward sides but ninth interval visible in dorsal view; basal groove broadly curved to point basad stria 5, then distinctly curved anterad to angulate humerus; parascutellar seta present, situated near sutural stria; parascutellar striole 4-5-punctate, striole shallow between shallow punctures; sutural interval broadly upraised to suture basally, narrower with similar convexity apically, therefore appearing more callouslike; striae 1-6 minutely punctate in basal ⅓, punctures associated with strial irregularities, striae 5-6 obsolete basally; intervals 2-5 moderately convex on disc; striae 1-4 plus 7 deep apically, striae 5-6 shallow but traceable; eighth interval broadly convex from midpoint of posterior lateral setal series to apex; 1 dorsal elytral seta situated at 0.26
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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elytral length, seta situated in deep, evident depression that spans
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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width of interval 3; apical elytral seta present, subapical seta absent; lateral elytral setae 7 + 5; elytral marginal depression narrow, margin little upturned at humerus, margin slightly explanate outside anterior lateral setal series, beadlike in posterior half; subapical sinuation broad, shallow. Mesepisternum with about 16 punctures in 2-3 vertical rows; metepisternum slightly elongate, width to length ratio 0.79; metepisternum separated from metepimeron by distinct suture. Abdomen with visible ventrites 1-3 irregularly wrinkled laterally, ventrites 3-6 with rounded depressions laterally; suture between visible ventrites 2 and 3 complete. Legs somewhat foreshortened, metatarsomere 1 length 0.17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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metatibial length; metatarsomere 4 slightly emarginated apically, overall length 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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median tarsomere length; metatarsomere 4 with apical and subapical setae; metatarsal dorsolateral sulci shallow and lateral, tarsomere median surface broadly convex. Microsculpture of head an indistinct transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length, surface glossy; pronotal disc with transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
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length, mixed with transverse lines; pronotal median base with shallow transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length among the punctures; elytral disc with well-developed transverse lines, only occasional cross-connections, surface subiridescent; elytral apex with a mixture of transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
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length, and transverse lines; metasternum with distinct transverse mesh; laterobasal abdominal ventrites with swirling isodiametric and transverse scultpicells. Coloration of head capsule dark rufous, clypeus rufoflavous; antennomeres 1-2 rufoflavous, antennomere 3 slightly darker, 4-11 rufobrunneous; pronotal disc dark rufous; pronotal margins and median base paler, rufous; proepipleuron rufoflavous, proepisternum dark rufous; elytral disc dark rufous with piceous cast in apical ⅓; sutural interval rufous basally, pale rufous apically; elytral marginal depression concolorous with disc at humerus, lateral marginal depression paler, rufoflavous laterally and apically; elytral epipleuron rufoflavous dorsally, more brunneous ventrally, metepisternum rufobrunneous; abdomen rufobrunneous medially, visible ventrites 1-3 with piceous cast laterally; apical
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
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of apical visible abdominal ventrite paler, rufoflavous; metafemur flavous; metatibia flavous with darker carina associated with longitudinal setal series.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="77" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
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reproductive tract.- The unique female holotype was not dissected, although the gonocoxae were exposed allowing their preliminary characterization (Fig. 8C). Basal gonocoxite 1 with angulate apical margin, the margin angled toward base along lateral half of apical gonocoxite 2; basal gonocoxite with apical fringe of 2 setae; apical gonocoxite 2 distinctly convergent in basal half of length, apical half more narrowly convergent to subacuminate tip, with 2 lateral ensiform setae and 1 dorsal ensiform seta that extends medially-and is thus visible in ventral view-and 2 apical nematiform setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">
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Holotype female (MNHN) labeled: French Polynesia: Tahiti Nui / Mt. Mauru cloud for. 1080 / m el. 20-IX-2006 lot 03 /
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.631933">17°37.916'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-149.37196">149°22.318'W</geoCoordinate>
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/ pyrethrin fog fern frond / tangles C.P. Ewing // HOLOTYPE / Mecyclothorax / toretore / J.K.
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebherr, J" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="26" pageNumber="89" pagination="37 - 80" title="The first precinctive Carabidae from Moorea, Society Islands: new Mecyclothorax spp. (Coleoptera) from the summit of Mont Tohiea." url="10.3897/zookeys.224.3675" volume="224" year="2012">Liebherr 2012</bibRefCitation>
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(black-bordered red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="77" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">
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The Tahitian word toretore means striped, as in striped cloth (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wahlroos, S" journalOrPublisher="The Ma'ohi Heritage Press, Honolulu, Hawai'i" pageId="27" pageNumber="90" title="English-Tahitian Tahitian-English Dictionary." year="2002">Wahlroos 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The
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<normalizedToken originalValue="word’s">word's</normalizedToken>
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use as the species epithet signifies the deep, distinct elytral striae, and is to be used as a noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="77" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="77">
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The lone specimen of this species was found in the highest, wettest rain forest sampled-1080-1100 m elevation-during a tropical rainstorm, the use of a hand-held pyrethrin fog canister over a beating sheet the sole collecting method of any utility under those conditions. That the beetle plus those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax tutei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tutei">Mecyclothorax tutei</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax pirihao" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pirihao">Mecyclothorax pirihao</taxonomicName>
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were found in dead fern tangles during this storm suggests that the beetles had moved into such tight quarters due to the rain. Neither
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax tutei" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tutei">Mecyclothorax tutei</taxonomicName>
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nor
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax toretore" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toretore">Mecyclothorax toretore</taxonomicName>
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were collected during drier conditions in this elevational band of forest even though extensive beating of vegetation had been undertaken over the course of three days.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |