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<mods:title id="2109E816A6FC8566A350407D713C70E2">Taxonomic revision of the P. chartergoides species-group of the genus Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="B4F8C404E32B62DA07CD7F6983228660">Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Instituto de Estudos do Xingu, R. Constantino Viana, s / n, 68380 - 000, São Félix do Xingu, PA, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E5319DB52D10A106C0B8B48DCD44EBA3">Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, MCTI, Av. Perimetral s / n, Campus de Pesquisa, 66040 - 170, Belem, PA, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1548F217495FADBFD2BFAA0" authority="(Cameron, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[151,716,1373,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidibalteatus">
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<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495FADBFE14FAAF" bold="true" box="[151,499,1373,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Protopolybia pallidibalteatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F217600FADBFD23FAA0" author="Cameron, P." box="[514,708,1373,1399]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="207 - 231" refId="ref9409" refString="Cameron, P. (1912) The Hymenoptera of the Georgetown Museum. Part III. The Marabuntas or wasps. Timehri: The Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guiana, 2, 207 - 231." type="journal article" year="1912">Cameron, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
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(
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, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28)
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<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1548F217495FA43FD7BFA09" author="Cameron, P." box="[151,668,1477,1502]" page="219" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" year="1912">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1548F217495FA43FD7BFA09" authority="Cameron, 1912: 219" authorityName="Cameron" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,668,1477,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Charterginus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidibalteatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495FA43FE24FA0A" box="[151,451,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Charterginus pallidibalteatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F2175CBFA40FD7BFA09" author="Cameron, P." box="[457,668,1478,1502]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="207 - 231" refId="ref9409" refString="Cameron, P. (1912) The Hymenoptera of the Georgetown Museum. Part III. The Marabuntas or wasps. Timehri: The Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guiana, 2, 207 - 231." type="journal article" year="1912">Cameron, 1912: 219</bibRefCitation>
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. 
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: 
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type locality not stated, [
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1548F217021FA40FB90FA09" box="[1059,1143,1478,1502]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Guyana</collectingCountry>
] (BMNH), examined. 
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1548F217495FA62FD7AFA2B" author="Bodkin, G. E." box="[151,669,1508,1532]" page="321" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" year="1918">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1548F217495FA62FD7AFA2B" authority=": Bodkin 1918: 297 - 321" authorityName="Bodkin" authorityPageNumber="297 - 321" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,669,1508,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Chartergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidilineatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495FA62FE45FA2B" box="[151,418,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Chartergus pallidilineatus</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F2175B2FA62FD7AFA2B" author="Bodkin, G. E." box="[432,669,1508,1532]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="297 - 321" refId="ref9249" refString="Bodkin, G. E. (1918) Notes on some British Guiana Hymenoptera (exclusive of the formicidae). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1918, 297 - 321. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1918. tb 02573. x" type="journal article" year="1918">Bodkin 1918: 297–321</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="95904504A1548F217495F985FCDEF9ED" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1548F217495F985FD2DF9CC" author="Richards, O. W." box="[151,714,1539,1563]" page="154" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1548F217495F985FD2DF9CC" authority=": Richards 1978: 154" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="154" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,714,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pseudochartergus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidibalteatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495F985FE13F9CC" box="[151,500,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Pseudochartergus pallidibalteatus</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F217603F985FD2DF9CC" author="Richards, O. W." box="[513,714,1539,1563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" refId="ref10165" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards 1978: 154</bibRefCitation>
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, 157; 
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<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F21770AF985FBB1F9CC" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W." box="[776,1110,1539,1563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="177 - 186" refId="ref9622" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W. (1990 [1989]) Synonymy of the genera Protopolybia and Pseudochartergus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). Psyche, 96, 177 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1989 / 82471" type="journal article" year="1990">Carpenter and Wenzel 1990: 180</bibRefCitation>
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, 182; 
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<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F217096F985FAA9F9CC" author="Wenzel, J. W." box="[1172,1358,1539,1563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="480 - 519" refId="ref10825" refString="Wenzel, J. W. (1991) Evolution of nest architecture. In: Ross, K. G. &amp; Matthews, R. W. (Eds.), The social biology of wasps. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 480 - 519. https: // doi. org / 10.7591 / 9781501718670 - 017" type="book chapter" year="1991">Wenzel 1991: 515</bibRefCitation>
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. 
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<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1548F217495F9A7FCE6F9ED" authority=": Santos-Junior et al. 2015: 174" authorityName="Santos-Junior" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,769,1569,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidibalteatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495F9A7FE26F9EE" box="[151,449,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Protopolybia pallidibalteatus</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1548F2175CDF9A7FCE6F9ED" author="Santos-Junior, J. N. A. &amp; Silveira, O. T. &amp; Carpenter, J. M." box="[463,769,1569,1594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548" pagination="151 - 182" refId="ref10196" refString="Santos-Junior, J. N. A., Silveira, O. T. &amp; Carpenter, J. M. (2015) Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) with description of four new species. Zootaxa, 3956 (2), 151 - 182. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3956.2.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
Santos-Junior 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217662F9A4FD6AF9EE" box="[608,653,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">et al</emphasis>
. 2015: 174
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, 182.
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<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F217495F9E1FEEDF956" bold="true" box="[151,266,1639,1665]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Length of fore wing 
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; eyes glabrous; gena narrow, about 0.5 × eye width; body almost completely covered by diminute bristles; pronotal carina laterally very developed, angular; prominence in front of the pronotal fovea developed, short (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1548F217608F936FDA8F91D" box="[522,591,1712,1738]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1267,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[340,1247,560,1243]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. 7, 8. Protopolybia isthmensis; 9, 10. Protopolybia pallidibalteatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537532/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep; mesoscutum without conspicuous bristles. Metanotum short, metanotal process with apex narrowly rounded; propodeal valves narrow (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1548F2170F5F952FAAEF939" box="[1271,1353,1748,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1267,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[340,1247,560,1243]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. 7, 8. Protopolybia isthmensis; 9, 10. Protopolybia pallidibalteatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537532/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Color black with few marks on front and gena.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F2174C5F89DFE8AF8E2" bold="true" box="[199,365,1819,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">Redescription</emphasis>
. FEMALE. Length of fore wing 
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; clypeus narrow, approximately as long as wide (HClp=0.82; MxWClp=0.90; TeW=0.70; MiWClp 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1548F2176D0F8C6FD05F88D" bold="true" box="[722,738,1856,1882]" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">=</emphasis>
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), ventral margin narrowly subtruncated; tentorial pit closer to antennal socket than to eye margin; interantennal area relatively wide, approximately 2 × diameter of antennal socket; mandibles relatively sh
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1548F2074C5F82AFE92F820" blockId="6.[151,1437,1639,2026]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,1943,2040]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="549" pageId="6" pageNumber="548">
ort, with length 0.60 × times distance between eyes at vertex; gena narrow, about 0.5 × eye width; occipital carina distinct, extending for approximately three fourths of height of gena, fading very close to insertion of mandibles 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1558F207495F811FEACF878" bold="true" box="[151,331,1943,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="549">FIGURES 11–22</emphasis>
. 11, 12, 13, 14. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1558F2075E9F81EFCE6F867" authorityName="Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht" authorityYear="1991" box="[491,769,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chartergoides">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1558F2075E9F81EFCE6F867" box="[491,769,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="549">Protopolybia chartergoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 15, 16, 17, 18. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1558F2077A1F81EFB91F867" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[931,1142,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscata">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1558F2077A1F81EFB91F867" box="[931,1142,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="549">Protopolybia fuscata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 19, 20, 21, 22. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1558F207115F81EFED1F803" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidibalteatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1558F207115F81EFED1F803" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="549">Protopolybia pallidibalteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Parameres. 11, 15, 19. Aedeagus in lateral and dorsal views. 12, 13, 16, 17, 20, 21. Volsella in lateral view. 14, 18, 22. Scale 
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1558F207522F866FE96F820" box="[288,369,2016,2040]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="549" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E1FF32A2A15A8F2F7495F8DBFB83F835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537536" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4537536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537536/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" startId="8.[151,264,1885,1909]" targetBox="[293,1334,197,1799]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15A8F2F7495F8DBFB83F835" blockId="8.[151,1437,1885,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7495F8DBFEAAF8A2" bold="true" box="[151,333,1885,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">FIGURES 23–40</emphasis>
. 23. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F757DF8D8FDBDF8A1" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1857" box="[383,602,1886,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F757DF8D8FDBDF8A1" box="[383,602,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">Protopolybia diligens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 24. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F768FF8D8FCE7F8A1" box="[653,768,1886,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amarella">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F768FF8D8FCE7F8A1" box="[653,768,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. amarella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 25. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7731F8D8FC5AF8A1" authorityName=": Carpenter &amp; Wenzel" authorityYear="1990" box="[819,957,1886,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duckeianus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7731F8D8FC5AF8A1" box="[819,957,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. duckeianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 26. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F77F2F8D8FBA0F8A2" box="[1008,1095,1886,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picteti">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F77F2F8D8FBA0F8A2" box="[1008,1095,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. picteti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 27. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7078F8D8FB29F8A1" baseAuthorityName="Ducke" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1146,1230,1886,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7078F8D8FB29F8A1" box="[1146,1230,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 28. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7103F8D8FF52F84E" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palidibalteatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7103F8D8FF52F84E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. palidibalteatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 29. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F74E4F804FEA1F84D" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[230,326,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscata">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F74E4F804FEA1F84D" box="[230,326,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. fuscata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 30. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7575F804FE1CF84D" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1907" box="[375,507,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvotincta">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7575F804FE1CF84D" box="[375,507,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. fulvotincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 31. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F762EF804FD9DF84D" baseAuthorityName="Ducke" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[556,634,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F762EF804FD9DF84D" box="[556,634,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P.nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 32. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F76A9F804FCC8F84E" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[683,815,1922,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutiscutis">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F76A9F804FCC8F84E" box="[683,815,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. acutiscutis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 33. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7762F804FBE3F84D" authorityName="Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht" authorityYear="1991" box="[864,1028,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chartergoides">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7762F804FBE3F84D" box="[864,1028,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. chartergoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 34, 35. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F705BF804FB1AF84D" authorityName="Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht" authorityYear="1991" box="[1113,1277,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chartergoides">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F705BF804FB1AF84D" box="[1113,1277,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. chartergoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 36. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F712FF804FA72F84D" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1857" box="[1325,1429,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F712FF804FA72F84D" box="[1325,1429,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. diligens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 37. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F74BFF820FEF6F869" baseAuthorityName="Ducke" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[189,273,1958,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F74BFF820FEF6F869" box="[189,273,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 38. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7541F820FE3AF869" box="[323,477,1958,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chatergoides">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7541F820FE3AF869" box="[323,477,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. chatergoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 39. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F7612F820FD7CF869" authorityName=": Carpenter &amp; Wenzel" authorityYear="1990" box="[528,667,1958,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duckeianus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7612F820FD7CF869" box="[528,667,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. duckeianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 40. 
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A15A8F2F76CCF820FCB9F86A" baseAuthorityName="Zavattari" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[718,862,1958,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F76CCF820FCB9F86A" box="[718,862,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">P. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale 1.0 mm. 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7003F820FBD6F86A" box="[1025,1073,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">mg=</emphasis>
median groove; 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F70D9F820FAECF869" box="[1243,1291,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">dm=</emphasis>
distal margin; 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7495F84CFF27F836" box="[151,192,1994,2017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">pv=</emphasis>
propodeal valve; 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F7574F84CFE0FF836" box="[374,488,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">black setae</emphasis>
= occipital carina; 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15A8F2F76A7F84CFCF5F836" box="[677,786,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="550">red setae=</emphasis>
spiracles tending to face forward
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E7495FF11FED0FE96" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">
(
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA15B8F2E74A2FF11FF12FF66" box="[160,245,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–40" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[293,1334,197,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[195,1392,181,1826]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 23–40. 23. Protopolybia diligens; 24. P. amarella; 25. P. duckeianus; 26. P. picteti; 27. P. nitida; 28. P. palidibalteatus; 29. P. fuscata; 30. P. fulvotincta; 31. P.nitida; 32. P. acutiscutis; 33. P. chartergoides; 34, 35. P. chartergoides; 36. P. diligens; 37. P. nitida. 38. P. chatergoides; 39. P. duckeianus; 40. P. panamensis. Scale 1.0 mm. mg= median groove; dm= distal margin; pv= propodeal valve; black setae= occipital carina; red setae= spiracles tending to face forward" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537536/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
); pronotal carina laterally very developed, angular; prominence in front of the pronotal fovea developed, short (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA15B8F2E74E3FF3DFECFFF02" box="[225,296,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1267,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[340,1247,560,1243]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. 7, 8. Protopolybia isthmensis; 9, 10. Protopolybia pallidibalteatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537532/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep; length of mesoscutum 0.98 × its width; metanotum short, length of median axis 0.58 × width of central disk, metanotal process with apex narrowly rounded; propodeum with wide and shallow cavity; propodeal valves narrow (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA15B8F2E76E2FE85FCD2FECA" box="[736,821,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–10" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1267,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-153@6.[340,1247,560,1243]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–10. 7, 8. Protopolybia isthmensis; 9, 10. Protopolybia pallidibalteatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537532/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
); T1 sessile, distinctly wider than long, approximately as wide as T2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E74C5FECDFE03FE06" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Front, mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum and propodeum with sparse micropunctation and deeper and stronger mesopunctation; T1–T5 with mesopunctation strong and deep; clypeus with short golden bristles, except on ventral margin, which has elongated bristles; eyes glabrous; mesoscutum with conspicuous bristles; propodeum with short and sparse bristles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E74C5FE5DFB13FDB6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Color black, scape and pedicel ventrally brown, antennomeres and mandibles black to brown; mandibles black with distal region brown, clypeus almost entirely, inner orbit with narrow band which extends to the ocular sinus, outer orbit with narrow band which extends to the occiput; tegulae black, propodeum without dorsal marks; distal margin of T1–T5, with a narrow yellow band. Legs black to brown; wings hyaline, venation brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E74C5FDEDFB70FC8A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">
MALE. Length of fore wing 
<quantity id="7278CFCFA15B8F2E7604FDECFD8BFD52" box="[518,620,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.50 mm</quantity>
; eyes wide, strongly produced inwards; clypeus narrow, longer than wide, with silvery and long bristles, ventral margin little produced and subtruncated; tentorial pit closer to eye margin than to antennal socket; gena very narrow; color like female. 
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15B8F2E774EFD35FC5AFD1A" box="[844,957,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Genitalia.</emphasis>
Parameral spine without elongate bristles; basal angle of paramere widened, apical angle narrow (Fig. 19); digitus narrow with apical margin approximately rounded, with few long bristles, basal process acuminate (Fig. 22); cuspis moderately covered by long bristles; ventral process of aedeagus laterally projecting, strongly sclerotized and weakly serrated; preapical region of aedeagus not angular in lateral view (Fig. 20); apex approximately truncated in dorsal view (Fig. 21).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A15B8F2E74CCFCE0FCDBFC72" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E74CCFCE0FCDBFC72" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15B8F2E74CCFCE0FE57FC57" bold="true" box="[206,432,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Material examined</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A15B8F2E75BCFCE1FCDFFC72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559369" collectingDate="1951-10" collectingDateMax="1997-12" collectingDateMin="1951-10" collectionCode="AMNH, BMNH" collectorName="P. Benno" country="French Guiana" location="Petit-Saut" municipality="St. Jeane di Havani" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA15B8F2E75BCFCE1FD40FC56" box="[446,679,871,897]" name="French Guiana" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">FRENCH GUIANA</collectingCountry>
: 
<location id="B05F34F1A15B8F2E76B3FCE1FCC5FC56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1548F2E7495FADBFD68FC1E:B05F34F1A15B8F2E76B3FCE1FCC5FC56" box="[689,802,871,897]" country="French Guiana" municipality="St. Jeane di Havani" name="Petit-Saut" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Petit-Saut</location>
, 
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A15B8F2E772FFCE1FCB7FC56" box="[813,848,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A15B8F2E775CFCE1FC64FC56" box="[862,899,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, sample 7 (
<date id="C13E44EAA15B8F2E7001FCE1FB85FC55" box="[1027,1122,871,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" value="1997-12">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A15B8F2E7001FCE1FB85FC55" box="[1027,1122,871,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" value="1997-12">xii.1997</collectingDate>
</date>
) (
<collectorName id="187507FCA15B8F2E7078FCE1FB0AFC55" box="[1146,1261,871,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">A. Dejean</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA15B8F2E7106FCE1FAB8FC56" box="[1284,1375,871,897]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">AMNH</collectionCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A15B8F2E7170FCE1FA70FC56" box="[1394,1431,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="555BF850A15B8F2E7495FC0DFE97FC72" box="[151,368,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">St. Jeane di Havani</collectingMunicipality>
ou 
<collectorName id="187507FCA15B8F2E759BFC0DFE16FC72" box="[409,497,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Mavani</collectorName>
, 
<date id="C13E44EAA15B8F2E75FFFC0CFDADFC72" box="[509,586,906,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" value="1951-10">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A15B8F2E75FFFC0CFDADFC72" box="[509,586,906,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" value="1951-10">x.1951</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA15B8F2E765BFC0DFD27FC72" box="[601,704,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">P. Benno</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA15B8F2E76D4FC0DFCD7FC72" box="[726,816,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A15B8F2E74C5FC28FD68FC1E" box="[199,655,942,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA15B8F2E74C5FC28FD68FC1E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,969]" box="[199,655,942,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A15B8F2E74C5FC28FEBEFC1F" bold="true" box="[199,345,942,968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA15B8F2E7565FC29FDF7FC1E" box="[359,528,943,969]" name="French Guiana" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
; 
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA15B8F2E761EFC29FD6CFC1E" box="[540,651,943,969]" name="Suriname" pageId="9" pageNumber="551">Suriname</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>