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85 lines
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<mods:title id="D9D0D1C4C7694701FF9F874AEBFC44E5">Ontogeny, anatomy and attachment of the dentition in mosasaurs (Mosasauridae: Squamata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="963FFC6F0F1E83177283DAF7FDB39B5F">Caldwell, M. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0996C887E6A09010480944450B41B974">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AB93A13E3AE62946C316C2A1CD143C08">2007-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5D7A7D5546BEC62931B521C689B1904E">149</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9A2B712E3A3BD36D2338511447BE1A5C" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00280.x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3D0E87BEFFACE624DCA0D898DD93F9C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5489090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5489090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D0E87BEFFACE624DCA0D898DD93F9C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D0E87BEFFACE624DCA0D898DD93F9C3" lastPageNumber="695" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">
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<paragraph id="B51836A8FFACE624DCA0D898DAF3FE4A" blockId="8.[857,1372,369,425]" box="[1016,1212,401,425]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">
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<heading id="EE5081C4FFACE624DCA0D898DAF3FE4A" allCaps="true" box="[1016,1212,401,425]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" reason="1">
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(
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<taxonomicName id="72A74D2BFFACE624DCA7D898DAFCFE4B" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1853" box="[1023,1203,401,425]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mosasaurinae">MOSASAURINAE</taxonomicName>
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)
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="B51836A8FFACE624DC7ED8B3DA2AFC9E" blockId="8.[806,1422,442,1568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">
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The illustrated specimen (
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<figureCitation id="2D9C2A2DFFACE624DB0CD8B3DA88FE2C" box="[1108,1223,442,464]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[162,240,1459,1478]" captionTargetBox="[325,1279,195,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-221@9.[322,1282,193,1426]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Cross-sectional views of mosasaur tooth-bearing elements. A, right dentary of Prognathodon waiparensis (CM ZFR 108) (Upper Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) from New Zealand. B, close-up of ‘A’. C, right dentary of Platecarpus sp. (FMNH P 495) (Upper Cretaceous, Santonian) from Kansas, USA. D, close-up of ‘C’. Abbreviations: pc, pulp cavity; rt, replacement teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5429378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5429378/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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) is a fragment of the right dentary of the one of the geologically youngest known mosasaurs [there are some potentially younger mosasaur fossils (
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<bibRefCitation id="D1364B59FFACE624DB3EDB1FDAACFDCF" author="Jagt J" box="[1126,1251,534,556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" pagination="283 - 301" refId="ref9139" refString="Jagt J. 2005. Stratigraphic ranges of mosasaurs in Belgium and the Netherlands (Late Cretaceou) and cephalopod-based correlations with North America. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84: 283 - 301." type="journal article" year="2005">Jagt, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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) but they are nowhere as complete as this specimen], a large prognathodontid found less than
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<quantity id="725F9B4DFFACE624DBD1DB5ADAFAFD8A" box="[1161,1205,595,617]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
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below the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary along the Waipara River,
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<collectingCountry id="CDB07638FFACE624DC7EDB98DD89FD44" box="[806,966,657,679]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="D1364B59FFACE624DC86DB98DABBFD44" author="Welles SP & Gregg DR" box="[990,1268,657,679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" pagination="1 - 111" refId="ref9479" refString="Welles SP, Gregg DR. 1971. Late Cretaceous marine reptiles of New Zealand. Records of the Canterbury Museum 9: 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1971">Welles & Gregg, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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). The crosssectional view (
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<figureCitation id="2D9C2A2DFFACE624DC8EDBA6DA08FD26" box="[982,1095,687,709]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[162,240,1459,1478]" captionTargetBox="[325,1279,195,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-221@9.[322,1282,193,1426]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Cross-sectional views of mosasaur tooth-bearing elements. A, right dentary of Prognathodon waiparensis (CM ZFR 108) (Upper Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) from New Zealand. B, close-up of ‘A’. C, right dentary of Platecarpus sp. (FMNH P 495) (Upper Cretaceous, Santonian) from Kansas, USA. D, close-up of ‘C’. Abbreviations: pc, pulp cavity; rt, replacement teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5429378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5429378/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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) presents the distinct tissue
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<typeStatus id="6A1C880AFFACE624DC7EDBC7DD2CFD00" box="[806,867,718,739]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">types</typeStatus>
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described by
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<bibRefCitation id="D1364B59FFACE624DCA5DBC7DABFFD07" author="Caldwell MW & Budney LA & Lamoureux D" box="[1021,1264,718,740]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" pagination="622 - 630" refId="ref8975" refString="Caldwell MW, Budney LA, Lamoureux D. 2003. Histology of thecodont-like tooth attachment tissues in mosasaurian squamates. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23: 622 - 630." type="journal article" year="2003">
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Caldwell
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<emphasis id="87D3EABAFFACE624DB30DBC6DAD6FD00" box="[1128,1177,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">et al</emphasis>
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. (2003)
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</bibRefCitation>
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: fibrolamellar bone of the TBE, woven-fibre bone of the alveolar process lining the alveolus, the root cement, the cementcovered dentine root, the pulp cavity, the crown and a resorption pit with a developing tooth crown deep within the resorption crypt.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FDBD6523FFACE624DC67DA8FDD93F9C3" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B51836A8FFACE624DC67DA8FDD93F9C3" blockId="8.[806,1422,442,1568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">
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This specimen (CM ZFR 108) presents important ontogenetic information. First, the diameter of the developing tooth crown is substantially larger than the diameter of the resorption pit at its upper limit. In other words, the crown was substantially smaller when resorption was initiated but has been developing within the resorption crypt as resorption has proceeded. Secondly, it appears that at this stage of development, at least in this species of
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<taxonomicName id="72A74D2BFFACE624DBF6DD72DB00FB73" box="[1198,1359,1147,1168]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Prognathodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="695" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="87D3EABAFFACE624DBF6DD72DB00FB73" box="[1198,1359,1147,1168]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="695">Prognathodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, only the enamel portion of the crown is present (while all teeth develop in the manner, i.e. enamel cap first, the unusual aspect in this case is that the cap is deeply set down into the resorption crypt). The dentine tissues are not yet present as an ossified matrix, indicating that prior to its descent into the resorption crypt, the only mineralized portion of the tooth is the enamel crown. Thirdly, resorption appears to affect only alveolar bone and the root cement; the bone of the dentary appears not to be undergoing resorption. Additionally, resorption has created such a substantial erosional surface into the root cementum that an overhang or crypt is formed.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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