135 lines
14 KiB
XML
135 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="7A74DC45D1784298E2F37CCC2E7092F2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187023" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f47f2de5-ebee-4164-92d8-e3542a1cd334" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187023" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461060654237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hsueh, Pan-Wen & Kuo, Chia-Ming" docDate="2009" docId="3B3687EBBF10D15DFF35FEA619FA5B28" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02067p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2067" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thysanocardia nigra Ikeda" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="C70FFF93BF16D15BFFA2FFD91D0C5F08" masterDocTitle="New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698582104263" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2FB255CA4C6B043AB742826D2EFDD0D0">New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="258D616B11F20B5D37AC93F6D4304CB0">Hsueh, Pan-Wen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0B4AFF0416A6260F521FFB7748D1C1B4">Kuo, Chia-Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5D7EF9385DD039CB16AF6D145974B132">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FD0DEECB13CC88D9A6510E97E9443739">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2DD7AB54B44BFF599954AF6D69FA8F69">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6FD5FCF73E15B6DA6298B9F839E98DAC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="20468D3726FB46BC970075C1CAE6AEA3">2067</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A82D1B674B149403555BB4616098674C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187023</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3B3687EBBF10D15DFF35FEA619FA5B28" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5671987" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5671987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B3687EBBF10D15DFF35FEA619FA5B28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B3687EBBF10D15DFF35FEA619FA5B28" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<heading id="E8688191BF10D15DFF35FEA61CFA5E91" bold="true" box="[151,502,383,409]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFF35FEA61CFA5E91" ID-CoL="56TJ5" authority="Ikeda" authorityName="Ikeda" box="[151,502,383,409]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF35FEA61CFA5E91" bold="true" box="[151,502,383,409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF35FEA61C985E91" bold="true" box="[151,404,383,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Thysanocardia nigra</emphasis>
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(Ikeda)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B32036FDBF10D15DFF35FE7B1DE05EB4" blockId="6.[151,502,383,444]" box="[151,236,418,444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<figureCitation id="2BA42A78BF10D15DFF35FE7B1DD65EB4" box="[151,218,418,444]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="3.[151,256,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[434,1154,185,1843]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[434,1156,185,1843]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, Sipunculus robustus Keferstein. B, Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley). C, Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka and Bülow). D, Golfingia margaritacea margaritacea (Sars). E, Golfingia muricaudata (Southern, 1913). F, Thysanocardia nigra (Ikeda). Scalebars: A-E, 10 mm; F, 2.5 mm. G, Themiste minor minor (Ikeda), H, Phascolosoma arcuatum (Gray). I, Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter). J, Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri Diesing. K, Aspidosiphon coyi de Quatrefages. Scalebars: G, 5 mm; H – J, 10 mm; K, 2.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FB856576BF10D15DFF35FE2919965D0F" box="[151,1178,496,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B32036FDBF10D15DFF35FE2919965D0F" blockId="6.[151,1178,496,519]" box="[151,1178,496,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="938F11D3BF10D15DFF35FE2919965D0F" box="[151,1178,496,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFF35FE291F095D0F" ID-CoL="56TJ5" authority="Cutler, 1994" authorityName="Cutler" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,517,496,519]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF35FE291C7B5D0F" box="[151,375,496,519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Thysanocardia nigra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D70E4B0CBF10D15DFEDFFE291F095D0F" author="Cutler" box="[381,517,496,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" refString="Cutler, E. B. (1994) The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology and Evolution. New York: Cornell University. 453 pp." type="book" year="1994">Cutler, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="323E10ECBF10D15DFDADFE291FC85D0F" author="Cutler" box="[527,708,496,519]" page="103" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="D70E4B0CBF10D15DFDADFE291F9D5D0F" author="Cutler" box="[527,657,496,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" refString="Cutler, E. B. (1994) The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology and Evolution. New York: Cornell University. 453 pp." type="book" year="1994">Cutler 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 103
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</treatmentCitation>
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–105, fig. 25D, E (for complete synonymy).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FB856576BF10D15DFF35FDEF1C165D96" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B32036FDBF10D15DFF35FDEF1C165D96" blockId="6.[151,1436,566,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF35FDEF1C875D58" bold="true" box="[151,395,566,592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Material examined.</emphasis>
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One specimen (NMNS-4478-016), offshore Station 7 from Taichung Harbour, Taichung County, central western
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<collectingCountry id="CB88766DBF10D15DFE1FFD841F145D7F" box="[445,536,605,631]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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, bottom dredge (
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in depth), medium sand bottom, coll. C.-S. Kuo,
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<date id="C721103DBF10D15DFADCFD841C1A5D96" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" value="2004-08-20">20 Aug. 2004</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FB856576BF10D15DFF64FD7319FA5B28" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B32036FDBF10D15DFF64FD731DD25CA3" blockId="6.[151,1436,566,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF64FD731C4C5DCC" bold="true" box="[198,320,682,708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Among the three recognised species in the genus,
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFC3DFD73199A5DCB" box="[927,1174,682,707]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFC3DFD73199A5DCB" box="[927,1174,682,707]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Thysanocardia nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFB70FD7318635DCB" box="[1234,1391,682,707]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="catharinae">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFB70FD7318635DCB" box="[1234,1391,682,707]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">T. catharinae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are relatively large in body size; their adults have a trunk length often exceeding
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<quantity id="74679B18BF10D15DFBB8FD0819635DE3" box="[1050,1135,721,747]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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, compared to less than
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<quantity id="74679B18BF10D15DFADDFD081DC95C1A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFF48FD211C6D5C19" box="[234,353,760,785]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF48FD211C6D5C19" box="[234,353,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">T. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Moreover, the former two species can be readily separated by the presence of dark pigment in
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFF17FCC61C1D5C30" box="[181,273,799,824]" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFF17FCC61C1D5C30" box="[181,273,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">T. nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The specimen examined in the present study is a large worm, with its trunk length measuring
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<quantity id="74679B18BF10D15DFACAFCC71DC55C57" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="63.5">63.5 mm</quantity>
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. Other morphological features, such as the gray trunk (
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<figureCitation id="2BA42A78BF10D15DFCE9FC9C1E9E5C57" box="[843,914,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A" captionStartId="3.[151,256,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[434,1154,185,1843]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[434,1156,185,1843]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A, Sipunculus robustus Keferstein. B, Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley). C, Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka and Bülow). D, Golfingia margaritacea margaritacea (Sars). E, Golfingia muricaudata (Southern, 1913). F, Thysanocardia nigra (Ikeda). Scalebars: A-E, 10 mm; F, 2.5 mm. G, Themiste minor minor (Ikeda), H, Phascolosoma arcuatum (Gray). I, Phascolosoma glabrum glabrum (Sluiter). J, Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) muelleri Diesing. K, Aspidosiphon coyi de Quatrefages. Scalebars: G, 5 mm; H – J, 10 mm; K, 2.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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F), the presence of long branched contractile vessel villi and a dark-pigmented tentacular crown (
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<bibRefCitation id="D70E4B0CBF10D15DFCA2FCB5196F5C8E" author="Cutler" box="[768,1123,876,902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" refString="Cutler, E. B. (1994) The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology and Evolution. New York: Cornell University. 453 pp." type="book" year="1994">Cutler 1994: 104, fig. 25D, E</bibRefCitation>
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), indicate its identity as
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<emphasis id="81EBEAEFBF10D15DFA24FCB51DD25CA3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="749F4D7EBF10D15DFA24FCB51DD65CA3" class="Sipunculidea" family="Golfingiidae" genus="Thysanocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Golfingiiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Sipuncula" rank="species" species="nigra">T. nigra</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B32036FDBF10D15DFF64FC6019FA5B28" blockId="6.[151,1436,566,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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This species was previously reported from the east coast of the Pacific (northern California to Washington), as well as from islands (central and northern
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<collectingCountry id="CB88766DBF10D15DFCE4FC391E805CF2" box="[838,908,992,1018]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="CB88766DBF10D15DFC35FC3919125CF2" box="[919,1054,992,1018]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="CB88766DBF10D15DFB8BFC3919975CF2" box="[1065,1179,992,1018]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="CB88766DBF10D15DFB71FC3918405CF2" box="[1235,1356,992,1018]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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) in the western Pacific (
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<bibRefCitation id="D70E4B0CBF10D15DFEF8FBDF1CE75B28" author="Cutler" box="[346,491,1030,1056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" refString="Cutler, E. B. (1994) The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology and Evolution. New York: Cornell University. 453 pp." type="book" year="1994">Cutler 1994</bibRefCitation>
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). The finding of this species in Taiwanese waters is not surprising.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |