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<document id="4C4D1424A83B2D487895111764B50916" ID-CLB-Dataset="36879" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3784.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="830784dc-7050-4956-9086-c87910d188e5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285803" ID-ZooBank="79EB8DEC-B2B3-4778-9A74-4A40184E872B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460402544359" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dupérré, Nadine" docDate="2014" docId="38643471FF968A2385881C7EFD07FF19" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03784p073.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3784 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ctenus satanas Strand 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="C45D4C09FF928A26851F181CFFB7FFC8" masterDocTitle="Demystifying three species of Ctenidae (Arachnida: Araneae) described by Embrik Strand. Part I, Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1698299365040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="819BFDA8B5AF29FDBB4398D8785F09D6">Demystifying three species of Ctenidae (Arachnida: Araneae) described by Embrik Strand. Part I, Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F678B6D0F00190E42320827B9A2F9096">Dupérré, Nadine</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="38643471FF968A2385881C7EFD07FF19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6122949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127667450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6122949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38643471FF968A2385881C7EFD07FF19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38643471FF968A2385881C7EFD07FF19" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF968A2285881C7EFEBFFB54" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285881C7EFE64FBB1" blockId="4.[151,467,1122,1180]" box="[151,467,1122,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<heading id="EB3A320BFF968A2285881C7EFE64FBB1" bold="true" box="[151,467,1122,1146]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2285881C7EFE64FBB1" ID-CoL="6BNMB" authority="Strand, 1909" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,467,1122,1146]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285881C7EFE64FBB1" bold="true" box="[151,467,1122,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285881C7EFE8AFBB2" bold="true" box="[151,317,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus satanas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D45CF896FF968A22845B1C7EFE64FBB1" author="Strand" box="[324,467,1122,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Nueu oder wenig bekannte sudamerikanische Cupiennius - und Ctenus - Arten. Zoologische Jahrbuecher Systematik, 28, 293 - 328." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285881C99FEBFFB54" blockId="4.[151,467,1122,1180]" box="[151,264,1157,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<figureCitation id="28F699E2FF968A2285881C99FEB3FB54" box="[151,260,1157,1180]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 10" captionStartId="5.[151,269,749,772]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,254,729]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,247,737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 10. Ctenus satanas Strand, 1909. Female 9 10. 9. Holotype, epigynum ventral view. 10. Holotype, internal genitalia dorsal view. Abbreviations: bs, base of spermathecae; cd, copulatory ducts; fd, fertilization ducts; hs, head of spermathecae; ls, lateral spurs; ll, lateral lobes; ml, median lobe; ms, median sector. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Figs 910</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF968A2285881CD6FDB2FB29" box="[151,517,1226,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285881CD6FDB2FB29" blockId="4.[151,517,1226,1249]" box="[151,517,1226,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="90DDA249FF968A2285881CD6FDB2FB29" box="[151,517,1226,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2285881CD6FDB7FB29" ID-CoL="6BNMB" authority="Strand, 1909: 320" authorityName="Strand" authorityPageNumber="320" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,512,1226,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285881CD6FE8EFB29" box="[151,313,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus satanas</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="316CA376FF968A22845F1CD6FDB7FB29" author="Strand" box="[320,512,1226,1249]" page="320" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="D45CF896FF968A22845F1CD6FE7CFB29" author="Strand" box="[320,459,1226,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Nueu oder wenig bekannte sudamerikanische Cupiennius - und Ctenus - Arten. Zoologische Jahrbuecher Systematik, 28, 293 - 328." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand, 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 320
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF968A2285881D0CFBA5FAA4" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285881D0CFBA5FAA4" blockId="4.[151,1437,1296,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285881D0CFE8AFAEF" bold="true" box="[151,317,1296,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<typeStatus id="6F763BC5FF968A2285881D0CFF78FAEF" box="[151,207,1296,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
Label 1: Species:
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A22871F1D0CFCE2FAEF" authority="Strand. Fundort" authorityName="Strand. Fundort" box="[512,853,1296,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A22871F1D0CFD14FAEF" box="[512,675,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus satanas</emphasis>
Strand. Fundort
</taxonomicName>
: 1♀
<typeStatus id="6F763BC5FF968A2286991D0CFC4FFAEF" box="[902,1016,1296,1319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
,
<collectingCountry id="C8DAC5F7FF968A22811D1D0CFBEAFAEF" box="[1026,1117,1296,1319]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, Santa Inaz. Leg. R. Haensch, Marz 1899. Det.
<bibRefCitation id="D45CF896FF968A22844B1D2EFE6DFA81" author="Strand" box="[340,474,1330,1353]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Nueu oder wenig bekannte sudamerikanische Cupiennius - und Ctenus - Arten. Zoologische Jahrbuecher Systematik, 28, 293 - 328." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand 1909</bibRefCitation>
. Zool. Mus. Berlin: Kat Nr. 30654. Label 2: Santa Inaz.
<collectingCountry id="C8DAC5F7FF968A2281521D2EFB1FFA81" box="[1101,1192,1330,1353]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, Marz 1899. M.71, R. Haensch. Label 3:
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2284401D49FDFBFAA4" authority="Strand" authorityName="Strand" box="[351,588,1365,1388]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2284401D49FDB7FAA4" box="[351,512,1365,1388]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus satanas</emphasis>
Strand
</taxonomicName>
[
<typeStatus id="6F763BC5FF968A2287461D49FD26FAA4" box="[601,657,1365,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Type</typeStatus>
!]. (Deposited
<collectionCode id="D6DC1DA2FF968A22862D1D49FCD9FAA4" box="[818,878,1365,1388]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">ZMB</collectionCode>
) EXAMINED.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF968A2285D81D64FF03FA79" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285D81D64FF03FA79" blockId="4.[151,1437,1296,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285D81D64FE83FA47" bold="true" box="[199,308,1400,1423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Females can be diagnosed from all
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2287A51D64FCAEFA47" box="[698,793,1400,1423]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ctenidae</taxonomicName>
by the short and squared median lobe of the epigynum (
<figureCitation id="28F699E2FF968A22806E1D64FF10FA79" captionStart="FIGURES 9 10" captionStartId="5.[151,269,749,772]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,254,729]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,247,737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 10. Ctenus satanas Strand, 1909. Female 9 10. 9. Holotype, epigynum ventral view. 10. Holotype, internal genitalia dorsal view. Abbreviations: bs, base of spermathecae; cd, copulatory ducts; fd, fertilization ducts; hs, head of spermathecae; ls, lateral spurs; ll, lateral lobes; ml, median lobe; ms, median sector. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF968A2285D81DA1FC32F814" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285D81DA1FE7EF8E7" blockId="4.[151,1437,1296,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285D81DA1FE0FFA1C" bold="true" box="[199,440,1469,1493]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
Description.
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2284431DA1FE18FA1D" bold="true" box="[348,431,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Female</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
Total length: 17; carapace length: 8; carapace width: 7. CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace orange-brown suffused with gray along radiating lines and on pars cephalica; fovea long. Clypeus low (
<date id="C473A3A7FF968A22803C1DFCFAF1FA3F" box="[1315,1350,1504,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">1 x</date>
AME). Sternum light brown, as long as wide. Endites longer than wide; labium not notch. Chelicerae dark reddish-brown, geniculate; promargin and retromargin with four teeth. EYES: Eight in three rows; AME rounded, separated by half their width; PME rounded, separated by half their width; AME-PME separated by half the width of AME; ALE oval, small close to PLE; PLE rounded. ABDOMEN: Light brown, elongated oval; with white median stripe. LEGS: Orange-brown with stripes of dark gray; legs spination damaged, not examined (see
<bibRefCitation id="D45CF896FF968A22866C1E91FC40F96C" author="Strand" box="[883,1015,1677,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Nueu oder wenig bekannte sudamerikanische Cupiennius - und Ctenus - Arten. Zoologische Jahrbuecher Systematik, 28, 293 - 328." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 320); metatarsus IV unmodified; tarsal claw with three teeth; claw tufts presents. GENITALIA: Epigynum with median sector excavated, with squared median lobe; lateral spurs positioned medially; large, basal lateral lobes (
<figureCitation id="28F699E2FF968A22864A1ECEFC2FF921" box="[853,920,1746,1769]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 10" captionStartId="5.[151,269,749,772]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,254,729]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,247,737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 10. Ctenus satanas Strand, 1909. Female 9 10. 9. Holotype, epigynum ventral view. 10. Holotype, internal genitalia dorsal view. Abbreviations: bs, base of spermathecae; cd, copulatory ducts; fd, fertilization ducts; hs, head of spermathecae; ls, lateral spurs; ll, lateral lobes; ml, median lobe; ms, median sector. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Internal genitalia: copulatory ducts long; head of spermathecae oval; base of spermathecae c-shaped; fertilization ducts short and wide, situated at end of the c-shaped spermathecae base (
<figureCitation id="28F699E2FF968A2284731F04FE0BF8E7" box="[364,444,1816,1839]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 10" captionStartId="5.[151,269,749,772]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,254,729]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,247,737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 10. Ctenus satanas Strand, 1909. Female 9 10. 9. Holotype, epigynum ventral view. 10. Holotype, internal genitalia dorsal view. Abbreviations: bs, base of spermathecae; cd, copulatory ducts; fd, fertilization ducts; hs, head of spermathecae; ls, lateral spurs; ll, lateral lobes; ml, median lobe; ms, median sector. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285D81F26FECAF899" blockId="4.[151,1437,1296,2012]" box="[199,381,1850,1874]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285D81F26FEB1F899" bold="true" box="[199,262,1850,1874]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285D81F26FF48F89A" bold="true" box="[199,255,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Male</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0728567FF968A2285D81F41FC32F814" blockId="4.[151,1437,1296,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2285D81F41FEBAF8BC" bold="true" box="[199,269,1885,1908]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Notes.</emphasis>
This species does not belong in
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2287751F41FD03F8BC" box="[618,692,1885,1908]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2287751F41FD03F8BC" box="[618,692,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but I am unable to place it with certainty in any other genus. I feel it is better to leave it in
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2284651F9CFE73F85F" box="[378,452,1920,1943]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2284651F9CFE73F85F" box="[378,452,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Ctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for now. The morphological cladistic analysis of
<bibRefCitation id="D45CF896FF968A2286CE1F9CFB4AF85F" author="Polotow" box="[977,1277,1920,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow and Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
(figs 1, 3) also confirmed that
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2284211FBEFE07F871" box="[318,432,1954,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satanas">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2284211FBEFE07F871" box="[318,432,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">C. satanas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not belong in the genus
<emphasis id="82B95975FF968A2287E21FBEFCF9F871" box="[765,846,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="77CDFEE4FF968A2287E21FBEFCFCF871" box="[765,843,1954,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ctenus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Furthermore, it probably needs to be placed in a new genus along with a new species from
<collectingCountry id="C8DAC5F7FF968A2287381FD9FDDFF814" box="[551,616,1989,2012]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(D. Polotow pers. comm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF978A2385D81884FD82FF67" box="[199,565,152,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF978A2385D81884FD82FF67" blockId="5.[199,688,152,209]" box="[199,565,152,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF978A2385D81884FE5AFF67" bold="true" box="[199,493,152,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Other material examined.</emphasis>
None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D7D6ECFF978A2385D818A6FD07FF19" box="[199,688,186,209]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B0728567FF978A2385D818A6FD07FF19" blockId="5.[199,688,152,209]" box="[199,688,186,209]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="82B95975FF978A2385D818A6FEEEFF19" bold="true" box="[199,345,186,209]" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="C8DAC5F7FF978A23844018A6FE0DFF19" box="[351,442,186,209]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, Tungurahua province.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>