treatments-xml/data/38/1D/14/381D14FA8BEA48F78477394839173B4E.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26068" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa995d4c-58b4-474d-9899-d600b14f0240" ID-PMC="PMC6189230" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-183" ID-PubMed="30337829" ID-ZBK="21EE3AE1CBAC41A5A08C8420E132F63C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-183" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="A new genus and three new species of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" checkinTime="1539050161020" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars G." docDate="2018" docId="381D14FA8BEA48F78477394839173B4E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 183-199" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26068" docTitle="Rhabdorthodes pattersoni Crabo, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DCF3F28F-22BA-473C-B9AC-16A03F32F5CD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="188" masterDocId="944AFFDCFFFD6C429676FF881A5CFFE3" masterDocTitle="A new genus and three new species of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" masterLastPageNumber="199" masterPageNumber="183" pageNumber="185" updateTime="1668166259773" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A new genus and three new species of noctuid moths from western United States of America and Mexico (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>788</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26068</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.26068</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DCF3F28F-22BA-473C-B9AC-16A03F32F5CD" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes pattersoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pattersoni">Rhabdorthodes pattersoni</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="185">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1-4, 7, 10, 13, 16
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="185" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="185">USA: Colorado: Clear Creek County: Doolittle Ranch, Mt. Evans, 2987 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
Holotype, male. USA: Colorado: [Clear Creek County]: Doolittle Ranch, Mt. Evans, 9,800' [2987 m], 10 VIII 1961, E. W. Rockburne. / Specimen ID CNCLEP 00140423. CNC. Paratypes. 49 m, 5 f. USA: Arizona: Apache County: Alpine, 3-5 mi [4.8-8.0 km] SE, 16 VI 1967 (1 m); Greer, White Mts., 8500' [2591 m], 6 VIII 1962, E. &amp; I. Munroe, black light (1 m); same collection label / Genitalia slide # 11,732 male (1 m); [Greenlee County], Hannagan Meadow, 13 VI 1967, R. F. Sternitzky / Genitalia CNC slide # 17406 female (1 f); same collection label / [CNC] Slide No. 11,734 (1 m); Colorado: Archuleta County: [north of Pagosa Springs], 8[000]' [2438 m.], 15 VI 2004, Vargo leg. / Specimen ID CNCLEP 00120092 (1 m); same collection label / Specimen ID CNCLEP 00120092 (1 f); [Boulder County]: Boulder, Silver Saddle Motel, 5500' [1676 m], 5 VI 1961, M. R. MacKay (1 m); [Clear Creek County]: Doolittle Ranch, Mt. Evans, 9800' [2987 m], 16 VII 1961, E. W. Rockburne / Genitalia CNC slide # 15894 male (1 m); same collection label, 30 VII 1961 (1 m); same collection label / [CNC] Slide No. 10,766 female (1 f); same locality &amp; collector, 31 VII 1961 (4 m); same collection label / [CNC] Slide No. 10,764 male (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 1 VIII 1961 (8 m); same locality and collector, 2 VIII 1961 (6 m); same collection label / Genitalia CNC slide # 15893 male (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 3 VIII 1961 (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 5 VIII 1961 (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 6 VIII 1961 (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 6 VIII 1961 (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 8 VIII 1961 (1 m); Teller County: Florissant, 3.5 mi [5.6 km] SW, 38.904° -105.323°, 8-9 VII 2016, 2660 m, L. G. Crabo &amp; G. Morrell leg. (4 m); Idaho: Bear Lake County: Georgetown Cyn., 42.524° -111.263°, 2100 m, 4 VII 2016, L. G. Crabo &amp; G. Morrel leg. / Specimen ID CNCLEP00140350 / Barcode 
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="186" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
Life Project, Leg removed, DNA extracted (1 m); New Mexico: Colfax County: Cimarron Canyon, Sangre de Cristo Mts., 7900' [2408 m], 6 VII 1982, black light, E. &amp; I. Munroe (1 m); same collection label / [CNC] slide No. 11733 male (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 8 VII 1962 (1 m); same locality &amp; collector, 11 VII 1962 (1 m); Lincoln County: Capitan Mts., Capital Ridge, radio towers, summit, 10,000' [3048 m], 3 VII 1982, RWH [Ronald H. Hodges] (2 m); same locality &amp; collector, 10 VII 1982 / Genitalia slide # 17407 female (1 f); Otero County, High Rolls, Karr Cyn., 32.898° -105.813°, 2400 m, 9 VI 2016, L. G. Crabo leg. (1 f); Sandoval County: San Jose Ca[illegible]., 4 mi [6.4 km] E. Regina, Jemez Mts., NW slope, 8500' [2591 m], 26 June, 1983, UV, RWH [Richard W. Holland] (1 m); Utah: [Iron County]: Cedar City, 11 mi [17.7 km] SE, 8300' [2530 m], 29 VIII 1965, D. F. Hardwick (1 m); Sanpete County: Ephraim, 8 mi [12.9 km] E, 39.317°-[39.]337° -111.448°-[111.]470°, 10000' [3048 m], 21 VII 2006, L. G. Crabo leg. / Specimen ID CNCLEP00140348/Barcode of Life Project, Leg removed, DNA extracted (1 m); same collection label / Specimen ID CNCLEP00140349 / Barcode of Life Project, Leg removed, DNA extracted (1m); Wyoming: Albany County: T13N R77W, Section 4, 1.5 mi (2.6 km) NW of Woods Landing, Fox Creek, el. 7,600 ft (2316 m), 21 VI 1997, black light trap, J. S. Nordin leg. (1 m): CNC, LGC, TM.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
Figures 1-6. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
adults 1 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
, holotype male, USA, Colorado, Clear Creek County, Doolittle Ranch, Mt. Evans 2 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
, paratype male, USA, Colorado, Teller County, Florissant, 5.6 km SW 3 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
, paratype male, USA, Utah, Sanpete County, Ephraim, 12.9 km E 4 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
, paratype female, USA, Colorado, Archuleta County, Pagosa Springs 5 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. durango" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="durango">R. durango</taxonomicName>
, holotype male, Mexico, Durango, El Salto 6 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. petersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="petersoni">R. petersoni</taxonomicName>
, holotype male, Mexico, Nuevo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Léon">Leon</normalizedToken>
, Cerro Potosi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="186" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes pattersoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pattersoni">Rhabdorthodes pattersoni</taxonomicName>
is the most drab and poorly patterned of the three 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
species, appearing dull dark brown with faint markings. The forewing subterminal line of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
is faint pale gray, whereas those of the Mexican species are more prominent, luteous preceded by dark wedge-shaped spots. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes pattersoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pattersoni">Rhabdorthodes pattersoni</taxonomicName>
is the only species in the genus that is known to occur in the United States.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
Structurally, males of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
are distinguished from the Mexican species by the smaller ventral process of the distal clasper (Figure 7), relatively short and triangular. In both other species this process is longer and curves toward the apex of the valve.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">The shape of sternite A7 is shallowly concave with a quadrate lateral margin (Fig. 13). Those of the two Mexican species are more complex, with distinct lateral flanges, deeper pits, and more strongly concave edges (Figs 14, 15).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
The Barcode Index Number (BIN) of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
from Colorado and Utah (n = 5) is BOLD:ADH0770.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
This moth resembles several nondescript brown species of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="tribe" tribe="Eriopygini">Eriopygini</taxonomicName>
- such as species of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Homorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Homorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Homorthodes</taxonomicName>
McDunnough and 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protorthodes</taxonomicName>
- but is probably most similar superficially to &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthosia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthosia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthosia</taxonomicName>
&quot; noverca (Grote), a common widespread western North American moth that lacks a satisfactory generic placement. Most &quot; 
<taxonomicName genus="O." lsidName="O." pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="genus">O.</taxonomicName>
&quot; noverca have thicker and more prominent black forewing pattern elements than those of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
can be identified without dissection by observing the ends of the valves for the chunky claspers in males and the sculpted seventh sternite in females. In addition, males of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
have biserrate antennae, simple in look-alikes other than 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protorthodes</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
Figures 7-9. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
male genitalia, valves and phalluses with everted vesicas 7 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
8 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. durango" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="durango">R. durango</taxonomicName>
9 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. petersoni" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" rank="species" species="petersoni">R. petersoni</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="186">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="3" pageNumber="186">
Adults.Head. Male antenna total width 3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
shaft; dorsal scales dark gray-brown, scattered off-white on proximal ⅓. Labial palpus scales gray-brown, scat 
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="187" start="start">tered</pageBreakToken>
off-white on second and third segments, increasing toward tip. Frons scales gray brown; dorsal head scales white tipped gray-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="4" pageNumber="187">
Thorax. Dorsal scales long, white tipped gray-brown; appearing uniform dull gray-brown to dark brown. Wings: Forewing length 13.0-13.5 mm (males); 13.5 mm (females); scales gray-brown, scattered white tipped gray-brown, appearing uniform gray-brown to dark brown; costa spots luteous gray; basal, antemedial, and postmedial lines double, black and dark gray-brown, filling ground and slightly lighter gray; basal line uneven, indistinct; antemedial line slightly irregular, pointed basad on veins; medial line slightly darker than ground, angled distad from mid costa to reniform stigma, thence basad to posterior margin; postmedial line indistinct, evident mostly as black inner part and pale gray filling, scalloped; subterminal line irregular off-white patches between veins, preceding shade faint, brown; terminal line thin, dark gray; fringe striped dark gray, base thin, pale; orbicular stigma round, often incomplete, black, lined with few pale-gray scales, center ground color; claviform stigma small, black, filled with ground color, or reduced to a spot; reniform stigma moderate size, weakly figure-8 shaped, open at posterior end, black, with adjacent luteous and pale-gray lining strongest at medial and lateral sides, center ground color. Hindwing: Dorsum gray, 
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="188" start="start">basal</pageBreakToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
paler; veins and faint discal spot dark; terminal line thin, black; fringe gray with copper luster, base thin, pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
Abdomen. Male genitalia: (Figure 7) Uncus length 0.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
juxta. Juxta height 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, rod length 1.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height. Valve length 5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width, part distal to clasper curved slightly dorsad; cucullus weak, paddle shaped; sacculus length 0.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and width 0.75 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
valve; distal clasper 1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
valve width, left slightly larger than right, thick, mesial surface with molar like ridges, dorsal distal margin expanded to broad rounded projection, ventral distal margin triangular with slight curve distad; ampulla directed 45° basad, scythe shaped with 120-180° curve distad; digitus small, thin. Phallus and vesica as in genus description. Female genitalia (Figs 10, 13): Sternite A7 lateral concavity shallow with quadrate raised lateral margin; posterior margin weakly concave. Papilla analis, segment A8, and bursa copulatrix as in genus description.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
Figures 10-12. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
female genitalia 10 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
11 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. durango" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="durango">R. durango</taxonomicName>
12 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. petersoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="petersoni">R. petersoni</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">I am pleased to name this moth after Robert (Bob) Patterson of Bowie, Maryland in recognition of his contribution to the study and enjoyment of North American moths through his work on the Moth Photographers Group website (http://mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes pattersoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pattersoni">Rhabdorthodes pattersoni</taxonomicName>
occurs in the mountains of the American West (Figure 16). It has been collected from southeastern Idaho and south-central Wyoming in the north to southwestern Utah, eastern Arizona and south-central New Mexico in the south. Most records are from Colorado and New Mexico. It flies in mid- to high-elevation forest at elevations from 1600 to 3050 meters. Collection dates range from early June to early August. The early stages are unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
This species is moderately common in collections. Specimens are often mixed in with other brown species in the tribe 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="tribe" tribe="Eriopygini">Eriopygini</taxonomicName>
, often &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthodes</taxonomicName>
&quot; noverca and &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthodes</taxonomicName>
&quot; obscura (Smith).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
Figures 13-15. 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rhabdorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhabdorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhabdorthodes</taxonomicName>
females. Distal abdomen (scales removed), left ventrolateral aspect showing sculpted sternite A7. 13 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pattersoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="pattersoni">R. pattersoni</taxonomicName>
14 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. durango" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="durango">R. durango</taxonomicName>
15 
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. petersoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="petersoni">R. petersoni</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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