277 lines
33 KiB
XML
277 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="4003AED08B1B1754B32BE45BA53ED21E" ID-CLB-Dataset="35621" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.557.6298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae832508-cc24-4ed7-95c4-be921d2183da" ID-PMC="PMC4740834" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-557-1" ID-PubMed="26877697" ID-ZooBank="D01314A3CC0F40EFBED01C0CAD991372" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-557-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 557" ModsDocTitle="Overview of the genus Briareum (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Briareidae) in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species" checkinTime="1454061946959" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Samimi-Namin, Kaveh & van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2016" docId="35E3F26A7D7EE71EDA0DC23B115F93EC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 557: 1-44" docOrigin="ZooKeys 557" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.557.6298" docTitle="Briareum hamrum Gohar 1948" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF83B61BFFF5BC638527FFF406602E10" masterDocTitle="Overview of the genus Briareum (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Briareidae) in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1701382396838" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="56C0FB2C0E96B9E81EE408BD64DC1CF9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A1B3CA20989EA20F43D8D632C4C90E73">
|
||
<mods:title id="15858140FFDE673DA7C266BA206B8674">Overview of the genus Briareum (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Briareidae) in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of a new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="ABBE21AF9404D678115F066C6D2ADA30" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2B414D70FEB14804B5A56592AD6E6E4F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="571857CDE8AB123DADB6C5F472220C29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5E6F05CAA46D2EC50D9DCEF13E22FED2">Samimi-Namin, Kaveh</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="15087B0645B1F0522428BF62E92E21F9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6F814E823BB758C36470E75D725791C3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="FB2EEA24BA30384C39E3AF550BF29833">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8D7E26F5FB36BFDC8FE3F5318D7DC9C3">van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="33048F70AAAD9A0F2644334CE21D0033">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7AB3D06199EBEF48E44BB88B7C8A07C9" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="95EAA826309FF2D43BEB33E8539D6079">
|
||
<mods:title id="6A541356EE2FB8225765F92B6CCC69AB">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9EB48D1BB523187B3B91AFAB8447ACA3">
|
||
<mods:date id="E032F8CE885262C7416A8F4CF498BEBB">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="19B93193D7CE683B49A3EB2599D861EF" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="1B6E4C0979E63A11D56D8C6A0EE91F75">557</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="3C6C4D55F2A6959DBFA04B984D5D9558" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="D52F7A11BAA98D5BA9FD68FF6AD3154E">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="0D7266EACC3D76D0523C6112E907004A">44</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="5C5DA3F8DC0E865DEB095C38CFE67F83">
|
||
<mods:url id="4644331548F0CB504545E4F39352D8E1">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.557.6298</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5763F8C7FC736FE10E084296986FA211">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="174BFE7C2C5139E1A652B1F008A382C1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.557.6298</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B4F1AC252AF74A452165B88C82A30BAE" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-557-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="778C16853BA602DDC72CFA86243C6587" type="ZooBank">D01314A3CC0F40EFBED01C0CAD991372</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="35E3F26A7D7EE71EDA0DC23B115F93EC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127862685" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:35E3F26A7D7EE71EDA0DC23B115F93EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/35E3F26A7D7EE71EDA0DC23B115F93EC" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<subSubSection id="F0E1DBDB0AC5A39581F3672257317BA0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A261EBD4F66C8CD21CD893A6F4F61D2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Taxon classification Animalia Alcyonacea Briareidae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8087B37A446CC63F37BD61F95F3EDBB2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="7DCF31946975028BCD50CBB73FC2BABA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DB6575E44280DB1A16898EF183A1625" ID-CoL="5X2QL" authority="Gohar, 1948" authorityName="Gohar" authorityYear="1948" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum (Gohar, 1948)</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figures 8, 9, 10, 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="52ED17D02EC9BF5AAD92345261CA3F32" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8CA60B44F6034B9CB30C9ABBCD559DB7" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 26
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FF02618ADE03A7D3B24D0357FDBACAD9" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="02ADC0CB1DB39334DB7341C3CCDCEDA0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="5AAD30ABA4277EBFEB3A7DA0C910C110" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BCBE167D6B46CB242DA583E7C1669F1" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium punctatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctatum">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="EF0150CC24BC89FA0B01A7239EA07246" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">?</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Sympodium punctatum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
May, 1898: 11 (Tumbatu, Zanzibar);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9338E7ACF033E89D7CC9D985A11B74D6" author="Thomson, JA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="393 - 443" title="The marine fauna of Zanzibar British East Africa, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 and 1902. Alcyonaria." volume="1" year="1906">Thomson and Henderson 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 408, pl. 29 fig. 9 (Chuaka, Tanzania);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23DE40917E292AE30710148E52A8EA1D" author="Tixier-Durivault, A" journalOrPublisher="Faune Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 456" title="Octocoralliaires de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes." volume="21" year="1966">Tixier-Durivault 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 104, figs 96-97 (Madagascar).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="62D48D5D8B811055E9A81C901133C4FF" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C359108D8A55DF6B89A4303788A97BBC" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium splendens" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">? Sympodium splendens</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thomson & Henderson, 1906: 409, pl. 29 fig. 8 (Chuaka, Tanzania).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D7DC257BB178DB7D8C4B7EF72C8BA87A" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3754B179567A196C20524E458CBE418B" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alcyonium (Erythropodium) contortum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="contortum" subGenus="Erythropodium">? Alcyonium (Erythropodium) contortum</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6A7D055C1936A9D57966D1F12427AA97" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1906: 50, pl. 7 figs 34-36, pl. 8 figs 37-38 (Red Sea, Tor, Jimschi).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="11F337C971C2BA67C1E07352F08E1210" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F322A4CE8820D60CE225C17431806D76" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Solenopodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenopodium contortum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="contortum">? Solenopodium contortum</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C15D7F750A091679BDA6E6B34B08C7B8" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1919: 41;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B7FC2A05E8703656C3DC8012FCDE50C" author="Stiasny, G" journalOrPublisher="Siboga Expedition Monograph" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 138" title="Die Gorgonacea der Siboga Expedition. Supplement II. Revision der Scleraxonia mit Ausschluss der Melitodidae und Coralliidae." volume="13 d" year="1937">Stiasny 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10, fig. B (re-examination type).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="55C9A56529E51E8088D097B37C5CF9A9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A105F58B2081D7ACD6D1F2FF5B3FE099" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gohar, 1948: 4, figs 1-5 (Hurghada, Red Sea);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E5F70CFDB1056F2CDB973ED9F42AB22" author="Verseveldt, J" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="209 - 229" title="Report on some Octocorallia (alcyonacea) from the northern Red Sea." volume="19" year="1970">Verseveldt 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 209 (Eilat).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0BAD22AEDC101D9BE8D077C1470CA710" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9704911720FFF12BE3F637D63A73E59E" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Solenopodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenopodium violaceum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="violaceum">Solenopodium violaceum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Broch & Horridge, 1956: 157 (Hurghada, Red Sea).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D710B2B2E84B112B5F6143746F1AE387" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41499F4728121A587548D320BED7B6A7" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="584739F10504C8B1BAEFDF80A0FEFB59" author="Alderslade, P" journalOrPublisher="Leiden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="237 - 249" title="Four new genera of soft corals (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), with notes on the classification of some established taxa." volumeTitle="Zoologische Mededelingen" year="2000">Alderslade 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 246;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A7739E8F49A7F3BCC1BF7D3F79B0048" author="Benayahu, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="49 - 57" title="Corals of the South-west Indian Ocean: VI. The Alcyonacea (Octocorallia) of Mozambique, with a discussion on soft coral distribution on south equatorial East African reefs." volume="345" year="2003">Benayahu et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 51 (Bazaruto Island, Mozambique).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B8BEB07493564CC1DB403FF4EB11FA51" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0889DABF25CFC3C398200B14F4185F72" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Briareum hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C2D5C509341ABF69D7012A043A69F504" author="Alderslade, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="27 - 44" title="Pinnule-less polyps: a new genus and new species of Indo-Pacific Clavulariidae and validation of the soft coral genus Acrossota and the family Acrossotidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia)." volume="1400" year="2007">Alderslade and McFadden 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 42.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5F38F20ABB9B96CDD14C82711B4BCCA9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B0AF9A668AF9D624104FA5E9D26E2CEE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="72DCE71731BBFEF2CF5020376673A71C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
RMNH Coel. 6809, Red Sea, coll. L.F. Fishelson, NS 6468, det. J. Verseveldt; RMNH Coel. 41406, Madagascar,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="30A2E21E55C3378B73530F63D378DB8C" originalValue="Tuléar">Tulear</normalizedToken>
|
||
, coll. Nicole Gravier-Bonnet (179), 1967-69, don. H. Zibrowius, Centre
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8F7055CBD610E05C6E7E83757C1D9F6D" originalValue="d’Oceanologie">d'Oceanologie</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Marseille, Station Marine
|
||
<normalizedToken id="074F78192209AC8D283E08BD51962BF1" originalValue="d’Endoume">d'Endoume</normalizedToken>
|
||
; RMNH Coel. 41407, Iran, Persian Gulf, north of Kish
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="A0DC8C22D2B5E309F27C3E0A2223433F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">Island</pageBreakToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AAE2FD61361605D1D1163395A2B3ABFC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.5752">26°34.512'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="08BFDFA9C2387A0C5D65E6BFB02B5247" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="53.988667">53°59.320'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 10 m depth, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 1 October 2009; RMNH Coel. 41408, Iran, Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf, north of Larak Island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="06FC151C64A7BF90CC48EDC39BDC841C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.8884">26°53.304'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8AEF8996D2810D02530B187D88B2D9BD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="56.39615">56°23.769'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth 12 m, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 17 February 2009; RMNH Coel. 41409-41411, Oman, Daymaniyat Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A55BBA2DF1E9FDD66C6DAF82961DA255" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.866083">23°51.965'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3A53588E2D2BD3AE2DCC0ED22B1BF84B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="58.093433">58°5.606'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, coll. K. Samimi-Namin; RMNH Coel. 41412, Persian Gulf, north of Farur Island, depth 12-15 m, 10 February 2010, coll. K. Samimi-Namin; RMNH
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AA8AF1A15F415A96806A427D3E880946" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Coel</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. 41413, Oman, Daymaniyat Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A2EBAE3F08E702E67CA28AF652CFD34D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.862">23°51.720'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65C5A4E1EA5F3F56E15C259EB7B8ED08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="58.104218">58°6.253'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth 18 m, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 23 April 2011; RMNH Coel. 41414, Oman, Daymaniyat Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="636C985F3AC87E4AF47BD6A60A6D8D9D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.862">23°51.720'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1383581354BFA2ADA3126E9BE0FB94C3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="58.104218">58°6.253'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth 18 m, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 23 April 2011; RMNH Coel. 41415, Oman, Daymaniyat Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AFCDFBE4E8C7C863C79757A85BCC549E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.862">23°51.720'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6A06724BC5DF63E0D3FFBA051D2C134D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="58.104218">58°6.253'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth 18 m, coll. K. Samimi-Namin, 23 April 2011.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DFF46A7E1682009235C2D71CE8F6CD94" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="43B00FEFB7B64F6DC5D991D4639918D3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2241C7CF0ACD7C72C59E31FA431A1F0F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Calyx with straight spindles containing small tubercles arranged in transverse rows and flattened spindles (Figure 8A). Cortex with straight or bent spindles with complex tubercles (Figure 8B). Coenenchymal sclerites 0.10-0.35 mm long. Medulla additionally has branched sclerites with simple or complex tubercles (Figure 8C). These sclerites are slightly shorter, up to 0.30 mm long. Sclerites of the surface layer are colourless; interior sclerites are magenta.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="83F29DB0FA32DB3B00DF877223A8EBA7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="04C3A211112C284F6CFD8A266F1FA21C" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Figure 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="16F6DFE864A50FB4BEC25CE143BF4D93" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gohar, 1948), RMNH Coel. 6809; A sclerites of top calyx B cortex sclerites C medullar sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FB7C674A131D1F30A9552D9D8A4B8D88" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="1343C459F75521E7714ED029397B5FAB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F6FEC7F5D06B85A5210D454949C4F69" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="921828C3C647C628283AE1F3E7C038F5" author="Alderslade, P" journalOrPublisher="Leiden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="237 - 249" title="Four new genera of soft corals (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), with notes on the classification of some established taxa." volumeTitle="Zoologische Mededelingen" year="2000">Alderslade (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60BED9F69AA4EDE35A066C8816973478" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gohar, 1948 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E19B80EEA072197BAC957B0BB677384F" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Briareum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, consequently the species name had to be changed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48B4B865B09D97C6BE5B9D608B6C9FAD" genus="Octocorallia" lsidName="Octocorallia hamrum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="hamrum">hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B5F70B12BAA6AB870B9307345C79292C" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF52AA9EF3472595C4E7E563ACB014BE" author="Gohar, HAF" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Marine Biological Station of Al-Ghardaqa (Red Sea)" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="3 - 33" title="A description and some biological studies of a new alcyonarian species Clavulariahamra Gohar." volume="6" year="1948">Gohar (1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10) compared his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5960F0AB2E8137BEEECB417BFA7B7190" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
with both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E99DF3BC6E6193BF56D571B00E21206B" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium punctatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctatum">Sympodium punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
May, 1898 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="751401BB4D35B0C0D1AB3AF3678BEB06" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium splendens" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">Sympodium splendens</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thomson & Henderson, 1906, and noticed their close resemblance. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E4F68FE2DCE2E75E78564747D97B6671" author="Gohar, HAF" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Marine Biological Station of Al-Ghardaqa (Red Sea)" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="3 - 33" title="A description and some biological studies of a new alcyonarian species Clavulariahamra Gohar." volume="6" year="1948">Gohar (1848)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4BDF113A9E04CA2019B0BA4B27D55AE" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium punctatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctatum">Sympodium punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having sclerites up to 0.266 mm long while they are up to 0.35 mm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E5216AC219CE4D41101B2CDEF598F6" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="037B05D6AEC224418B56C1B9C69CC391" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium splendens" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">Sympodium splendens</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having two rows of pinnules on either side of the tentacles, each row consisting of 20-24 pinnules, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76806197D00D726C5EA9A1DDCE4052B7" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is only one row of 16-22 pinnules, which are much longer. However, an odd second row of 1-3 pinnules can be present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA07B412CDAA7820388ADCDD013F1AD4" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF1E0F4A5C8CAD51D5EAC39ABA70B819" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clavularia hamra" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamra">Clavularia hamra</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no triradiate or tetraradiate sclerites, described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0465C92E0DB193E2977968CC00802191" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium splendens" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">Sympodium splendens</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Next to the radiates
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB5CDEC054D584082938CB96A4C685D4" author="Thomson, JA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="393 - 443" title="The marine fauna of Zanzibar British East Africa, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M. A., B. Sc., F. Z. S., in the years 1901 and 1902. Alcyonaria." volume="1" year="1906">Thomson and Henderson (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the sclerites to be straight and curved spindles, up to 0.4 mm long. From our material and findings of Prof. Y. Benayahu (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB8E2C2AB83A89D68F94C259D47E15C9" author="Alderslade, P" journalOrPublisher="Leiden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="237 - 249" title="Four new genera of soft corals (Coelenterata: Octocorallia), with notes on the classification of some established taxa." volumeTitle="Zoologische Mededelingen" year="2000">Alderslade 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 246) it seems only one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="652A8BF2EF4AA5C14EE1C41B0FBEFB8E" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Briareum</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is present in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean. Consequently, the correct name should be the oldest available,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06A6FC39D0F37C2965BB98FB007FB278" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum punctatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctatum">Briareum punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
May, 1898, but the type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78ADA6C24B6F9699A08115A639325F49" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum punctatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctatum">Briareum punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is missing. As we had no material from its type locality, Zanzibar, we could not designate a proper neotype yet. As the species was never again found in Zanzibar we still have some doubts about its identity and thus defer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B47D4E0238A6AADEF8A8A1864871D7FB" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the moment. Notably, also the type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C3FB0A60626D074A7156BC5C919349E" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sympodium splendens" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="splendens">Sympodium splendens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="027BFEB2AC85FEBEF0157DDBA59C8C03" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Alcyonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alcyonium (Erythropodium) contortum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="contortum" subGenus="Erythropodium">Alcyonium (Erythropodium) contortum</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57D32A40B720012A52387523EFF704FD" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be missing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="12054C06E79005BAFE76668218F9768F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
This is the first record of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EFB3080D22BE48ED918BDFC0A91EAE6" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Briareum</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E4C66E2D237EFEF9934025C50908A1C" author="Samimi-Namin, K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 52" title="Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf." volume="2058" year="2009">Samimi-Namin and van Ofwegen 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="51C6244B32375E71B82F8D594D6CFAAE" author="Samimi-Namin, K" editor="Riegl, BM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" title="Springer Netherlands" url="10.1007/978-94-007-3008-3_12" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D97FDB0E3A75E11F9144DFE5E6F0C70C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="morphological variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="804C09AE8E24DB51DF7879BB40B84529" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Morphological variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="46B2B5793BA0426EA9654160CB272BE5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
RMNH Coel. 41407 (Figure 2F) from the Persian Gulf differs from the above described Red Sea specimen. It has longer sclerites (up to 0.40 mm long; Figure 9B) and more slender interior branched bodies (Figure 9C). RMNH Coel. 41410 (Figure 11A) from Oman has even longer sclerites than the Persian Gulf specimen (up to 0.45 mm long; Figure 10); it is the only specimen having long calyces. RMNH Coel. 41409 (Figure 11B), also from Oman, has sclerites (Figure 9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="59127A55782ADF70B5B8F13B576C49D4" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
) with the same size as the Red Sea specimen, but the slender interior branched bodies as the Persian Gulf and other Oman specimen. RMNH Coel. 41412 has completely colourless sclerites, however, the colour of live specimens was similar to others.
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="DB0B0B655C562D51E7B0455AAC3AAE68" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
shape of the colonies in the examined material showed variation, from completely encrusting to somewhat having branches and an undulated surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6D8432E1B9BA40DFEDCF79DF3BF06731" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="BCEFB79AE45BAED0D22677EEA13B67DE" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Figure 9.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39682F3769FFBBAF527282EADC8F02A0" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gohar, 1948), RMNH Coel. 41407; A sclerites of top calyx B cortex sclerites C medullar sclerites; RMNH Coel. 41409 D sclerites of top calyx E cortex sclerites F medullar sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="10335040E817DF2EDD1BAC9B4395789F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="82901CF3230AD6C6BB47AD18873FCC1D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Figure 10.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B04D2158E0573E51F89183E42F69460D" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gohar, 1948), RMNH Coel. 41410; A sclerites of top calyx B cortex sclerites C medullar sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="8F076FFF1787FBB291722AAB951DA9C0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="82594C6DFA31511090F071F1E254808D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Figure 11.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7E3CC210DDCC2AC2059A62F24A554D3E" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
Colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="613B9032A4E4FCC1E2306D254B8A4E82" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum hamrum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hamrum">Briareum hamrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
; A RMNH Coel. 41409 B RMNH Coel. 41410
|
||
<normalizedToken id="81D0EB4E72197AF7555F6072C5A9F37A" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0085F950B1F01DB6B3920AB06B320A4E" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum stechei" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stechei">Briareum stechei</taxonomicName>
|
||
C ZMB 5828, holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C69E53FE8ACAB3EF0A261B0B2D69084" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Erythropodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythropodium stechei" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stechei">Erythropodium stechei</taxonomicName>
|
||
D ZMB 5816
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F6709CF85C05C013DA898675BD812453" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46E6D112F2A7A9FFF2FA68337DA23E2A" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Solenopodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenopodium stechei var. novaepommeraniae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="stechei" variety="novaepommeraniae">Solenopodium stechei var. novaepommeraniae</taxonomicName>
|
||
E ZMB 5016 F ZMB 5854 G ZMA 3410, syntype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52667AB0841CBC90DC858244CDA9296D" class="Anthozoa" family="Briareidae" genus="Briareum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Briareum excavatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="excavatum">Briareum excavatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="95182A78570B854D665710908D7CDE7E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="colour">
|
||
<paragraph id="BD1294888BA9A6F40C2C13EB40A185F4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colour.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33A4B898A87AAB61112E1B5420EAD025" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The living colonies were cream with magenta tints in some parts of the colony. Polyps were dark green to brown, brown pinnules, white oral disk and white line that continues along the tentacles (Figure 26
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0EED88133E4EA29E4EF0B40D35A7EB31" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80562C7356EBB633108DC181DF774BBF" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="68B35A0E127BBC67E900091DAC998A5B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9D64F3BF115A40D7FBB180E0C4DB706C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Red Sea, East Africa, Oman Sea, Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |