194 lines
22 KiB
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194 lines
22 KiB
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<mods:title id="42D047264F65DD1BF29AEF0C6B279CEA">Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FC6C0B107E9B4C2FF4BC9C56D766542">Couvreur, Thomas L. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="43B69D6604A3D44712AA78DD6837301C">IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France & Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="208B3232A0520DAAB5CF248D004A966C">Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B1816C14445AAD785BA1572921D59C28">IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="62F500F2995DB47659FBFC2EE7AE3F4D">Ghogue, Jean-Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="27142A0538F6CB4507A627525CD9F477">Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon & Green Connexion, Environmental Group, siege face GP Melen, a cote de l'immeuble Palais des verres. Yaounde, Cameroun</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE49967FE922FE95EAFDA0119E84B6CA">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="83698D17C4763B970AFC297A3CF2179F">Kamdem, Narcisse G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EEE9A49E1FAD9D2991AAE8316B7FFA08">Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B935C600D552725BC7189674A8490A88">Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C2D3FE5A76128379A015142039D11DF8">Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5A7679FA9F6A9839857E5331B8C0D84">Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E6954990FCADE9C06CA543177958AF8D">Sonke, Bonaventure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0948725AE32F5DC728FE09AB8AAEF658">Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="22C7294A41D735E66774A1759E5F7D61">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D130B5999FB7CA6CD12DD3B14B7C1DBE">2022-09-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3B5E59F1151BAC97E2E8A475644233D0">207</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A9D39EBB60037A65941527E72F63BB89">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="B7084C8BE53C4C716662717125521DE8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AE8F0297786B40E3832DF35365390F0B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="70ACAFE863FC58DE35648EFD83821D01" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-207-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="343A917F1C997D6DE6DDA718D0F06465" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7228827" ID-GBIF-Taxon="200764606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7228827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:343A917F1C997D6DE6DDA718D0F06465" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/343A917F1C997D6DE6DDA718D0F06465" lastPageId="167" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" scope_family="Annonaceae">
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<subSubSection id="DC62F7D15355EFB4558480D9440A72AA" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CA1655F7EF2ADC62597E9043D55D2508" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="9610A671D6B4913424A7D7A328E94985" ID-CoL="63BQF" authority="Baill., Bull. Soc. Linn, Paris 2: 878, 1890" authorityName="Baill., Bull. Soc. Linn, Paris 2: 878" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Monanthotaxis Baill., Bull. Soc. Linn, Paris 2: 878, 1890</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="29D770AA1B4B22E307E067B394C58C6F" lastPageId="166" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8F52C9527D728699D3C9E3B5573EEABC" pageId="165" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="86A28974B645544933C5549A5C2AB153" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Clathrospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clathrospermum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="165" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Clathrospermum</taxonomicName>
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Planch. ex Benth., Gen. Pl. 1(1): 29, 1862.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="048DCE1D46B45D24424B89396F23A231" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="A48C38688D713D6B48944A5B99300D78" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enneastemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Enneastemon" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Enneastemon</taxonomicName>
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Exell J. Bot. 70 (Suppl. 1): 209, 1932.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1E2E5DDEE096A2341AE5771B4665C6E" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="DBE72F6170110E23EC389F318BF3DCAD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Exellia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Exellia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Exellia</taxonomicName>
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Boutique, Bull. Jard. Bot.
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<normalizedToken id="279B5E841704D181AFF8442065DA77DE" originalValue="État" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Etat</normalizedToken>
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Bruxelles 21: 117, 1951.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CBA392091E39189B09F3DC8B2795D0FF" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="6CB7E6AE7AABDAA0B52A9C2115D3B809" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Atopostema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atopostema" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Atopostema</taxonomicName>
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Boutique, Bull. Jard. Bot.
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<normalizedToken id="DD2A2D184EA7E345CACD648884C762F1" originalValue="État" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Etat</normalizedToken>
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Bruxelles 21: 121, 1951.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="40E8852A119E5120DE6DFEB346785BF4" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="C3A810FF3D0CED28E0E6259F2C2E0022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Gilbertiella</taxonomicName>
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Boutique, Bull. Jard. Bot.
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<normalizedToken id="7FE3878610F1997AF8D35C1A4DC6F84B" originalValue="État" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Etat</normalizedToken>
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Bruxelles 21: 124, 1951.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BB80C8EBC06677E49ADC38C19C74839E" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8644B8AEAECEAD71B13B237F52FCA004" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="44D8396C564E1FF3892A85122210245F" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Scrambling shrubs or lianas, up to 30 m tall, d.b.h. up to 11 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent. Indumentum of simple hairs. Leaves: petiole 1-11 mm long, 1-3 mm in diameter; blade 3-35 cm long, 1.4-12.5 cm wide, linear to elliptic to ovate to obovate to oblong, apex acuminate to acute, base decurrent to subcordate, discolorous, whitish below; midrib sunken or flat; secondary veins 6 to 23 pairs; tertiary venation percurrent. Individuals unisexual or bisexual; inflorescences cauliflorous or ramiflorous on old or young foliate branches, axillary, leaf opposed or extra axillary. Flowers with (6-)9 perianth parts in 2 or 3 whorls, 1 to more than 50 per inflorescence with a peduncle from 1 to 70 mm long; pedicel 1-60 mm long; in fruit 2-55 mm long; bracts 2 to 3, one or two basal and one inserted on the pedicel at varying levels; sepals 3, valvate, free, 0.5-10 mm long, ovate to elliptic to triangular, apex acute or obtuse, base truncate; petals free; outer petals 3 or 6 (when petals in one whorl), valvate, 1-50 mm long, 1-25 mm wide, ovate to elliptic, apex acute to rounded, base truncate; inner petals (0-)3, valvate, 0.5-25 mm long, 0.3-10 mm wide, ovate to elliptic to rhombic, apex acute to rounded, base truncate; stamens 1 to more than 125, in 1 to 6 rows, 1-2 mm long, linear or cuneiform to clavate; anthers sometimes connate apically covering connectives, connective discoid to truncate to absent, glabrous or pubescent; staminodes 6 to 12(13) or absent; carpels free, 3 to 150, 1-4 mm long, stigma bilobed or cylindrical or elongate and flattened at top, pubescent or glabrous. Monocarps sessile or stipitate, stipes 1-25 mm long; monocarps 2 to 25, 6-60 mm long, 5-25 mm in diameter, moniliform, cylindrical to ellipsoid, apex rounded to apiculate, smooth or verrucose or weakly torulose; seeds 6-25 mm long, 4-11 mm in diameter, ellipsoid; aril absent.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3862DE3B7C0178A871DC62F79DD5A33D" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="A0E3B12357D17FDA317373E52BEDE349" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A020CA0C8CD83CFEDA9E25DD1078D52D" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="BFD7F0AC56F7DD24A48032B03C776425" authorityName="Baill., Bull. Soc. Linn, Paris 2: 879" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis congoensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congoensis">
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<emphasis id="CF9584C3B70D64FBC759E833D075183F" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Monanthotaxis congoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Baill.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21768402F6DF4338DE84BA0E181A10EB" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">A genus of scrambling shrubs or lianas with 79 known continental African species, from West, Central and East Africa, plus around 23 endemic species from Madagascar. In Cameroon 26 species are known, six endemic.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="491BDA2B50F3F378898465F56D8CE563" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="3C677D8D6BF18E0554924A64F8696457" authorityName="Baill., Bull. Soc. Linn, Paris 2: 878" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="78E97E55C98CCE6CB1C51EC5BB34640F" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily identified when sterile by its lianescent or scrambling habit, discolorous leaves with very glaucous lower surface, and percurrent (parallel) tertiary venation. Some species are unisexual and have cauliflorous inflorescences; some are confirmed as monoecious, but for others, even though male and female flowers are known, it remains to be confirmed if they occur on the same or different individuals. The stamen number is highly variable within the genus ranging from 1 or 2 to over 100 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EA32633F9147147E613362632BE2D545" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30607-2" author="Hoekstra, PH" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" refId="B155" refString="Hoekstra, PH, Wieringa, JJ, Smets, E, Chatrou, LW, 2018. Floral evolution by simplification in Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) and hypotheses for pollination system shifts. Scientific Reports 8: e12066. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30607-2" title="Floral evolution by simplification in Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) and hypotheses for pollination system shifts. Scientific Reports 8: e 12066." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30607-2" year="2018">Hoekstra et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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); some species have very characteristic large anthers fused towards the apex, hiding the small or absent connective (
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<taxonomicName id="790434AFC8E298A91A2DF865E9412350" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. bicornis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="774C3F25371996878CECC582A537EB2F" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">M. bicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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|
<taxonomicName id="A2AE8F10E3E630967690B766B3D3F476" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pellegrinii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pellegrinii">
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<emphasis id="60E1DD2AA149FC03B83ED9A55EEA0ECD" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">M. pellegrinii</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EC2EE41A2A050091253E61A1BB12181E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. zenkeri" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zenkeri">
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|
<emphasis id="169D63A136A4B908EC5EA3FE156A62FE" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">M. zenkeri</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Some species also have staminodes varying in number from 6 to 12.
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8FC9AB2C2352421AB1D5D6AAB2215A2F" lastPageId="167" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">
|
|
In the checklist to the plants of Mt Cameroon (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="32889BE99B9FF0434F4B5810870239ED" author="Cable, S" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew London" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" refId="B20" refString="Cable, S, Cheek, M, 1998. The plants of Mt Cameroon: a conservation checklist. Kew Publishing. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew London" title="The plants of Mt Cameroon: a conservation checklist. Kew Publishing." year="1998">Cable and Cheek 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, p. 11) the species
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|
<taxonomicName id="9FA561540E709B6D474627BE69F718E6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. oligandra" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligandra">
|
|
<emphasis id="DC33AB0727BACF068623CC72685B1832" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">M. oligandra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Exell is cited as present, but its occurrence in the country is not confirmed by the recent taxonomic revision (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D8D95191DB5F310F7EEEBEB59737620B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" author="Hoekstra, PH" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" pagination="107 - 221" refId="B156" refString="Hoekstra, PH, Wieringa, JJ, Maas, JM, Chatrou, LW, 2021. Revision of the African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae). Blumea 66: 107 - 221, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" title="Revision of the African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" volume="66" year="2021">Hoekstra et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Though we have not seen the specimen,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9F00446B5FC27C191D6C50ADC9DCA46" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. oligandra" order="Magnoliales" pageId="166" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligandra">
|
|
<emphasis id="B25AB4B9786D6B7EECFA0BAE1C9D0CDA" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="166">M. oligandra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is not known to occur north of South-West Democratic Republic of the Congo, so its presence in Cameroon is unlikely.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="45AA289F567C2C91BC5C9BEE8D956F55" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" type="taxonomy">
|
|
<paragraph id="95AC4970BDC0D102BF91CE8CC31E143E" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">Taxonomy.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BD448974F10A513C7EAF6D1BC8F67BAF" pageId="167" pageNumber="167">
|
|
African species (excluding Madagascar) are revised in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2BE5A946238FCA221274AE996BA2D1F5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" author="Hoekstra, PH" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="167" pageNumber="167" pagination="107 - 221" refId="B156" refString="Hoekstra, PH, Wieringa, JJ, Maas, JM, Chatrou, LW, 2021. Revision of the African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae). Blumea 66: 107 - 221, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" title="Revision of the African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.02.01" volume="66" year="2021">Hoekstra et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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</document> |