518 lines
52 KiB
XML
518 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898705" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6835c7bd-ee52-4d78-9c66-b91ab58b8675" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192574181" ID-ISSN="2295-0214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898705" ID-ZooBank="1D61E1C2-5FF1-4E47-B6C8-74F7E50D6B29" approvalRequired="2" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" checkinTime="1642989463778" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gómez, Kiko" docDate="2022" docId="2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9" docLanguage="en" docName="BelgJEntomol.124.1-86.pdf" docOrigin="Belgian Journal of Entomology 124" docTitle="Aenictus guineensis Santschi 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="D04D7977A0231452FF92E332FF902908" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1643053992798" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gómez, Kiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">netodejulilla@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Belgian Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-01-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>124</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898821</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6835c7bd-ee52-4d78-9c66-b91ab58b8675</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5898821</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1D61E1C2-5FF1-4E47-B6C8-74F7E50D6B29</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898705" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192574181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898705" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection box="[560,1028,1362,1391]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="60.[537,1050,1362,1429]" box="[560,1028,1362,1391]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<heading bold="true" box="[560,1028,1362,1391]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="5" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="Santschi, 1924" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1924" box="[560,1028,1362,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[560,1028,1362,1391]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[560,824,1362,1390]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Aenictus guineensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="SANTSCHI F." box="[832,1028,1362,1391]" journalOrPublisher="Revue de zoologie et de botanique africaines" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="195 - 224" part="12" refId="ref39511" refString="SANTSCHI F., 1924. - Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides africains et notes diverses. II. Revue de zoologie et de botanique africaines, 12: 195 - 224." title="Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides africains et notes diverses. II" type="journal article" year="1924">Santschi, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[537,1050,1399,1429]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="60.[537,1050,1362,1429]" box="[537,1050,1399,1429]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<heading box="[537,1050,1399,1429]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="8" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="4">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[548,661,1399,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,228,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,189,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-109@10.[189,1399,189,1875]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 1. Mandibular and clypeal shapes for the different species groups. A, gr. rotundatus (Aenictus guineensis, CASENT0876634). B, gr. koloi (Aenictus koloi, sp. nov., KGCOL00552). C, gr. eugenii (Aenictus eugenii, CASENT0235822). D, gr. eugenii (Aenictus mvuvii, sp. nov., CASENT0350555). E, gr. popeyei (Aenictus popeyei, sp. nov., CASENT0810234). F, gr. decolor (Aenictus decolor, CASENT0317077). G, gr. asantei (Aenictus asantei, NHMUK012849241). H, gr. rixator (Aenictus rixator, CASENT0907030)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898823/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs 1 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[674,761,1399,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,228,1022,1046]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,194,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-133@11.[189,1399,194,1002]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Head sculpture and femora shapes. A, C, Aenictus guineensis (CASENT0876634). B, Aenictus xegi sp. nov. (NHMUK012849243). D, Aenictus susanae sp. nov. (CASENT0406729)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898825/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">2 A, C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[774,879,1399,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,228,1628,1652]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,841,1592]" captionTargetId="figure-384@61.[208,1380,841,1592]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 43. Aenictus guineensis, minor worker, type (CASENT0911438). A, head, dorsal view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, lateral view. D, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898923/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">43 A–D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[892,994,1399,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="62.[189,228,1188,1212]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,189,1169]" captionTargetId="figure-276@62.[208,1380,189,1169]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="Fig. 44. Aenictus guineensis, major worker (CASENT0876634). A, head, dorsal view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, lateral view. D, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, dorsal view. E, mandibles and clypeus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898925/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">44 A–E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[1007,1039,1399,1428]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="67.[189,228,1531,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-279@67.[264,1322,752,1509]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Fig. 51. Distribution of A. guineensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898943/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">51</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[189,1122,1463,1492]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,1463,1566]" box="[189,1122,1463,1492]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitation box="[189,1054,1463,1492]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authority="SANTSCHI, 1924: 204" authorityName="SANTSCHI" authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1924" box="[189,958,1463,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rotundatus" subSpecies="guineensis">
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<emphasis box="[189,454,1463,1492]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Aenictus rotundatus</emphasis>
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st.
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<emphasis box="[515,650,1464,1492]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">guineensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="SANTSCHI F." box="[666,958,1463,1492]" journalOrPublisher="Revue de zoologie et de botanique africaines" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="195 - 224" part="12" refId="ref39511" refString="SANTSCHI F., 1924. - Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides africains et notes diverses. II. Revue de zoologie et de botanique africaines, 12: 195 - 224." title="Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides africains et notes diverses. II" type="journal article" year="1924">SANTSCHI, 1924: 204</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 7
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</treatmentCitation>
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(w.)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,1463,1566]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964369" collectionCode="NHMB" collectorName="Silvestri" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Kakulima" municipality="Kakulima" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="CASENT0911438" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
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<typeStatus box="[1138,1246,1463,1492]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Syntype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1267,1394,1463,1492]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality box="[189,315,1500,1529]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Kakulima</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<collectorName box="[334,444,1500,1529]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Silvestri</collectorName>
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) (
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<specimenCount box="[474,513,1501,1530]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">1w</specimenCount>
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) [
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<specimenCode box="[541,784,1501,1530]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">CASENT0911438</specimenCode>
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]
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<collectionCode box="[802,898,1501,1529]" collectionName="Switzerland, Basel, Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">NHMB</collectionCode>
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[Examined]
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964474" collectionCode="NHMB" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
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<typeStatus box="[1078,1186,1501,1530]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Syntype</typeStatus>
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, same data (
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<specimenCount box="[1351,1393,1501,1530]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">1w</specimenCount>
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, beheaded)
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<collectionCode box="[328,424,1538,1566]" collectionName="Switzerland, Basel, Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">NHMB</collectionCode>
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[Examined].
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1398,1588,1654]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authority="TAYLOR et al., 2018" authorityName="TAYLOR" authorityYear="2018" box="[189,712,1588,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineensis">
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<emphasis box="[189,442,1589,1617]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Aenictus guineensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="TAYLOR B. & AGOINON N. & SINZOGAN A. & ADANDONON A. & KOUAGOU Y. N. & BELLO S. & WARGUI R. & ANATO F. & OUAGOUSSOUNON I. & HOUNGBO H. & TCHIBOZO S. & TODJIHOUNDE R. & VAYSSIERES J. F." box="[449,756,1588,1618]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Biodiversity" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="006 - 029" part="008" refId="ref39936" refString="TAYLOR B., AGOINON N., SINZOGAN A., ADANDONON A., KOUAGOU Y. N., BELLO S., WARGUI R., ANATO F., OUAGOUSSOUNON I., HOUNGBO H., TCHIBOZO S., TODJIHOUNDE R. & VAYSSIERES J. F., 2018. - Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 008 (1): 006 - 029. doi: 10.12976 / jib / 2018.08.1.2." title="Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem" type="book" year="2018">
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TAYLOR
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<emphasis box="[564,620,1588,1617]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
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., 2018: 10
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Raised to species]. Status confirmed here. Check below for discussion.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,1676,1854]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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DIAGNOSIS. Its sparse, erect, long setae, the presence of a developed subpetiolar process and the lack of a developed propodeal ridge separates this species from the rest of the species present in the
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<taxonomicName box="[265,404,1751,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis box="[265,404,1751,1780]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex, except for
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<taxonomicName authority="Gómez, 2022" authorityName="Gómez" authorityYear="2022" box="[666,866,1751,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugaduwensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[666,866,1751,1780]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. ugaduwensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[872,970,1752,1780]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[1028,1201,1751,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis box="[1028,1201,1751,1780]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and separation is feasible only via index analysis. It is more slender and presents more rectangular heads than
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<taxonomicName authority="Gómez, 2022" authorityName="Gómez" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,389,1825,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugaduwensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[189,389,1825,1854]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. ugaduwensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[398,498,1826,1854]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(details under that species).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,1876,2017]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": WILSON" authorityYear="1964" box="[189,451,1877,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[189,451,1877,1905]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Aenictus guineensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the western counterpart of the Southern and Eastern African
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and separating individuals can be difficult, especially with small, isolated individuals. TAYLOR
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<emphasis box="[461,517,1951,1980]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
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., (2018) raised this form to species, but in my opinion with wrong or not detailed enough arguments to do so. I do respect his prevalence in this matter, though.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="61.[189,860,201,230]" box="[189,860,201,230]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">For more detailed information see discussion below.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1399,252,468]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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There are some characteristics that may separate series of workers, but it’s a matter of comparison and very variable among individuals. Some of these for
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<emphasis box="[1079,1251,290,319]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A. guineensis</emphasis>
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are a more developed propodeal ridge (but as a thin line at most in larger individuals), smoother mandibles (which can become shagreened in the most sculpted
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<taxonomicName box="[866,1040,364,393]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
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<emphasis box="[866,1040,364,393]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), more rectangular rounded subpetiolar process (against more shark-finned), slightly longer scapes and relatively more elongated petiole.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1247,489,519]" box="[189,1247,489,519]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Clear separation can be obtained via index analysis (details in key and in page 65).</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1398,540,606]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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The type material [CASENT0911438] presents two labels, as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="SANTSCHI" authorityYear="1924" box="[992,1343,540,569]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rotundatus" variety="guineensis">
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<emphasis box="[992,1343,540,569]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A. rotundatus v. guineensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and as
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<emphasis box="[223,394,578,606]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A. guineensis</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1399,628,807]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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DESCRIPTION (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[375,491,628,658]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,228,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,189,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-109@10.[189,1399,189,1875]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 1. Mandibular and clypeal shapes for the different species groups. A, gr. rotundatus (Aenictus guineensis, CASENT0876634). B, gr. koloi (Aenictus koloi, sp. nov., KGCOL00552). C, gr. eugenii (Aenictus eugenii, CASENT0235822). D, gr. eugenii (Aenictus mvuvii, sp. nov., CASENT0350555). E, gr. popeyei (Aenictus popeyei, sp. nov., CASENT0810234). F, gr. decolor (Aenictus decolor, CASENT0317077). G, gr. asantei (Aenictus asantei, NHMUK012849241). H, gr. rixator (Aenictus rixator, CASENT0907030)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898823/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Figs 1 A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[504,695,629,658]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,228,1022,1046]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,194,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-133@11.[189,1399,194,1002]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Head sculpture and femora shapes. A, C, Aenictus guineensis (CASENT0876634). B, Aenictus xegi sp. nov. (NHMUK012849243). D, Aenictus susanae sp. nov. (CASENT0406729)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898825/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">2 A, 2 C, A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[708,809,629,658]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="62.[189,228,1188,1212]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,189,1169]" captionTargetId="figure-276@62.[208,1380,189,1169]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="Fig. 44. Aenictus guineensis, major worker (CASENT0876634). A, head, dorsal view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, lateral view. D, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, dorsal view. E, mandibles and clypeus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898925/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">44 A–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). WORKER. HL: 0.63 [0.51-0.76]; HW: 0.54 [0.42-0.67]; SL: 0.45 [0.32-0.55]; WL: 0.98 [0.76-1.19]; PL: 0.24 [0.18-0.28]; PH: 0.17 [0.13- 0.20]; PPL: 0.18 [0.12-0.22]; PPH: 0.16 [0.12-0.21]; CS: 0.59 [0.46-0.71]; CI: 86 [80-90]; SIL: 70 [62-75]; SIW: 81 [77-86]; WL/HW: 179 [172-187]; PI: 137 [129-147]; PPI: 115 [100-128]; CSR: 152; (n=28).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898923/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" startId="61.[189,228,1628,1652]" targetBox="[208,1380,841,1592]" targetPageId="61">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1399,1628,1684]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Fig. 43.
|
||
<emphasis box="[283,496,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": WILSON" authorityYear="1964" box="[283,375,1628,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
guineensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, minor worker, type (CASENT0911438). A, head, dorsal view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, lateral view. D, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="61.[189,1399,1719,2046]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
With the characteristics of the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[585,724,1719,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[585,724,1719,1748]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex and: scapes relatively long, almost reaching three quarters of the head (SL/HL~70). Funicular segments slightly longer than wide, the last three engrossing to the apical, which is about twice longer than wide. Head rectangular, longer than wide (CI~86), convex laterally and widest at the middle. Occipital line straight to slightly convex. Ventrolateral margin present, continuing behind the head to one fourth of its length. Mandibles triangular; with a long, sharp apical tooth followed by 5–6 triangular denticles. Clypeus a row of 6–10 conical teeth, clearly visible and longer than wide, decreasing to the sides, sometimes eroded. Frontal ridges present, not projecting frontally and not fused between the antennal sockets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898925/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[189,228,1188,1212]" targetBox="[208,1380,189,1169]" targetPageId="62">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="62.[189,1398,1188,1276]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Fig. 44.
|
||
<emphasis box="[278,488,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": WILSON" authorityYear="1964" box="[278,369,1189,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
guineensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, major worker (CASENT0876634). A, head, dorsal view. B, habitus, lateral view. C, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, lateral view. D, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole, dorsal view. E, mandibles and clypeus, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="62.[189,1399,1312,1602]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Pronotum convex, smoothly running into the straight mesonotum; mesopropodeal suture present and visible both laterally and dorsally, concave and meeting the propodeum at an angle; this with a very reduced but discernible anterior slope and elevated over the mesonotum; propodeal shape an elongated hexagon dorsally, widest in its anterior third over the propodeal spiracle, its sides often defined by weak rugulae. Transverse mesopleural groove not present. Mesometapleural suture present but very weak; propodeal ridge complete and present, except in the minima workers, where it can be reduced and faint; propodeal declivity concave below that line.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="62.[189,1399,1624,1839]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Petiole sessile with anterolateral ridges present, anterodorsal and dorsolateral ridges absent. Petiole ellipsoidal, rounded, anteriorly almost flat at 45 degrees and vertical posteriorly. Postpetiole subrectangular with rounded angles and vertical anterior and posteriorly, the posterior higher and less rounded, without carinae or ridges of any kind. Subpetiolar process developed with a bulky ellipsoidal process, followed by a lamellae variable in size from almost non-existent to about the size of the bulky process, rounded and pointing downwards.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="62.[189,1399,1861,2002]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Head, scapes, pronotum, mesonotum, dorsum of petiole and postpetiole, gaster and legs, smooth and shining; mandibles mostly smooth, variable rugulose in its upper half; propodeum, lateropetiole and lateropostpetiole alutaceus to reticulated, matt. Overall colour light brown to brown, slightly lighter at gaster and apex of funiculus.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="63.[189,1399,202,868]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Decumbent white setae, oriented backwards, present at head, dorsum of pronotum petiole, postpetiole and gaster. Dorsum of propodeum bare except for its posterior border, with 2–4 long erect setae. A few scattered, long, white, erect setae present at pronotum, petiole, postpetiole and gastral tergites, longer than petiole height. Scapes with white unequally long semierect setae, clearly longer than scape width.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[189,901,402,431]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="63.[189,1399,202,868]" box="[189,901,402,431]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
SEPARATION BETWEEN
|
||
<emphasis box="[484,653,402,431]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
AND
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[720,893,402,431]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[720,893,402,431]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="63.[189,1399,202,868]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,442,472,500]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": WILSON" authorityYear="1964" box="[189,299,472,500]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aenictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
guineensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was raised to species in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="TAYLOR B. & AGOINON N. & SINZOGAN A. & ADANDONON A. & KOUAGOU Y. N. & BELLO S. & WARGUI R. & ANATO F. & OUAGOUSSOUNON I. & HOUNGBO H. & TCHIBOZO S. & TODJIHOUNDE R. & VAYSSIERES J. F." box="[758,1075,471,500]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="006 - 029" part="008" refId="ref39936" refString="TAYLOR B., AGOINON N., SINZOGAN A., ADANDONON A., KOUAGOU Y. N., BELLO S., WARGUI R., ANATO F., OUAGOUSSOUNON I., HOUNGBO H., TCHIBOZO S., TODJIHOUNDE R. & VAYSSIERES J. F., 2018. - Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 008 (1): 006 - 029. doi: 10.12976 / jib / 2018.08.1.2." title="Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem" type="book" year="2018">
|
||
TAYLOR
|
||
<emphasis box="[873,929,471,500]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2018:10)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The reasons given were: ‘This species is some 75-80% of the size of the Eastern Africa species
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1096,1271,508,537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1096,1271,508,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has a notably more rectangular head and a flatter profile to the petiole among other differences.’
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="63.[189,1399,202,868]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Fig. 45 and Fig. 46 show the measurements done on 28 workers of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1086,1259,616,644]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and 44 of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,363,652,681]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,363,652,681]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
including types of both species. Regarding size and head shape (HW/HL), no significant difference can be appreciated. Also, the petiolar profile is similarly flat (Figs 43 C, 44 C, 57 C). If ‘flatter profile’ does not refer to shape but to height, PH by itself does not separate the species (Fig. 45 B), but is quite useful as an index (PI=PL/PH, Fig. 46A). Except for values between 125 and 135 it can separate both species easily, but for values between them a more thorough analysis is needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898929" box="[189,816,1824,1848]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898929/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[189,228,1824,1848]" targetBox="[319,1267,938,1808]" targetPageId="63">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="63.[189,816,1824,1848]" box="[189,816,1824,1848]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Fig. 45. Measurements of
|
||
<emphasis box="[469,611,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[663,812,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">A. rotundatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898931" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898931" box="[189,743,1094,1118]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898931/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[189,228,1094,1118]" targetBox="[319,1267,194,1065]" targetPageId="64">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="64.[189,743,1094,1118]" box="[189,743,1094,1118]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Fig. 46. Indexes of
|
||
<emphasis box="[396,538,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[590,739,1094,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">A. rotundatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="64.[189,1399,1177,1768]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Morphometric analysis was performed to assess if both species can be morphologically separated. PCA analysis did not produce any separation (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[938,1028,1214,1244]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="65.[189,228,1203,1227]" captionTargetBox="[265,1314,199,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-47@65.[260,1327,194,1177]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Fig. 47. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results for A. guineensis and A. rotundatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898935/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
). This result does not prove that they are the same species, just that PCA analysis cannot find an easy separation between them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="64.[189,1399,1177,1768]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
A more sophisticated analysis (Nest Centered Cluster Analysis) was performed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CSOSZ S. & FISHER B. L." journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="0152454" part="11" refId="ref37781" refString="CSOSZ S. & FISHER B. L., 2016. - Toward Objective, Morphology-Based Taxonomy: A Case Study on the Malagasy Nesomyrmex sikorai Species Group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). PLoS ONE 11 (4): e 0152454. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0152454." title="Toward Objective, Morphology-Based Taxonomy: A Case Study on the Malagasy Nesomyrmex sikorai Species Group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" type="journal article" year="2016">CSOSZ & FISHER, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In this case, separation between Eastern African and Western African nests was possible in 100% of the cases (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[584,675,1414,1444]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="65.[189,228,2009,2033]" captionTargetBox="[260,1272,1250,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-16@65.[259,1328,1212,1811]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="Fig. 48. Nest Centered Cluster Analysis (NCCA) results for A. guineensis and A. rotundatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898937/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
), so it seems to provide strong evidence that they can be two different morphological entities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="64.[189,1399,1177,1768]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Best Index Analysis was performed as in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="BAUR H. & LEUENBERGER C." box="[729,1125,1502,1532]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="813 - 825" part="60" refId="ref37456" refString="BAUR H. & LEUENBERGER C., 2011. - Analysis of ratios in multivariate morphometry. Systematic Biology, 60: 813 - 825. Pmid: 21828084." title="Analysis of ratios in multivariate morphometry" type="journal article" year="2011">BAUR & LEUENBERGER (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to find the couple of indexes that produce the best possible separation, which resulted to be PH/PL and WL/SL (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[199,290,1577,1606]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="66.[189,228,932,956]" captionTargetBox="[194,1391,194,906]" captionTargetId="figure-47@66.[189,1399,189,915]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Fig. 49. Best Index Analysis separation between A. guineensis and A. rotundatus, showing the discriminant boundary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898939/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
). LDA and Leave One Out analysis performed with these new variables also produced a neat separation between both species (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[702,793,1614,1643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="66.[189,228,1999,2023]" captionTargetBox="[301,1262,1029,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-45@66.[218,1370,1460,1984]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Fig. 50. LDA allocation results for A. guineensis and A. rotundatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898941/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="64.[189,1399,1177,1768]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The discriminant function 26.225*PH/PL+8.680WL/SL-40.524, separates both species in 100% of the tested samples, being positive for
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[807,984,1702,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[807,984,1702,1731]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and negative for
|
||
<emphasis box="[1217,1237,1703,1731]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1255,1390,1703,1731]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
. Based on these data,
|
||
<emphasis box="[458,628,1740,1768]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
is considered here a good species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898935" box="[189,1149,1203,1227]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898935/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[189,228,1203,1227]" targetBox="[265,1314,199,1171]" targetPageId="65">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="65.[189,1149,1203,1227]" box="[189,1149,1203,1227]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Fig. 47. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results for
|
||
<emphasis box="[802,945,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[996,1145,1203,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">A. rotundatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898937" box="[189,1179,2009,2033]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898937/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[189,228,2009,2033]" targetBox="[260,1272,1250,1962]" targetPageId="65">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="65.[189,1179,2009,2033]" box="[189,1179,2009,2033]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Fig. 48. Nest Centered Cluster Analysis (NCCA) results for
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,974,2009,2032]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1027,1176,2009,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">A. rotundatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898939/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[189,228,932,956]" targetBox="[194,1391,194,906]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[189,1398,932,986]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Fig. 49. Best Index Analysis separation between
|
||
<emphasis box="[744,890,932,955]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[952,1102,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[952,1102,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">A. rotundatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing the discriminant boundary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898941" box="[189,912,1999,2023]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898941/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[189,228,1999,2023]" targetBox="[301,1262,1029,1941]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="66.[189,912,1999,2023]" box="[189,912,1999,2023]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Fig. 50. LDA allocation results for
|
||
<emphasis box="[565,707,1999,2023]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">A. guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[760,908,1999,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aenictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatus">A. rotundatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[189,1399,247,737]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964385" collectingDate="06 / 2004" collectionCode="MSNM" collectorName="Moretto" country="Ivory Coast" location="Comoe" municipality="Comoe" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="4">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[583,805,247,276]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[821,832,247,275]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">•</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[844,936,247,276]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Comoe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectingDate box="[949,1054,247,276]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">06/2004</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName box="[1074,1185,247,276]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Moretto</collectorName>
|
||
). Savanne (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1339,1383,247,276]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">4w</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode box="[189,291,285,314]" collectionName="Italy, Milano, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">MSNM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964484" collectingDate="04 / 10 / 1976" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Longhurst" country="Nigeria" location="Mokwa" municipality="Mokwa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="NHMUK012849321, NHMUK012849323" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[313,450,285,314]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[471,482,285,313]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">•</emphasis>
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[501,633,284,313]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">16 km N</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[696,794,284,313]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Mokwa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectingDate box="[812,959,284,313]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">04/10/1976</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName box="[985,1120,284,313]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Longhurst</collectorName>
|
||
) (3 pins, 3w each) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[196,464,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">NHMUK012849321</specimenCode>
|
||
to
|
||
<specimenCode box="[512,780,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">NHMUK012849323</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[799,895,323,351]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964418" collectingDate="10 / 10 / 1973" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Critchley" location="Ibadan" municipality="Ibadan" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="NHMUK012849324" specimenCount="1">
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[930,1017,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Ibadan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1028,1174,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10/10/1973</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName box="[1195,1318,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Critchley</collectorName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1348,1388,322,351]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">1w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[196,468,359,388]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">NHMUK012849324</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[492,593,360,388]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964353" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KG03386" specimenCount="451" specimenCount-male="450">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[615,766,359,388]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">SENEGAL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[805,816,359,387]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">•</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[835,971,359,388]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Kedougou</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9:A102E6C2A0601411FC70E255FBA6288C" box="[994,1078,359,388]" country="Senegal" municipality="Kedougou" name="Dande" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Dande</location>
|
||
(2) (
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9:A102E6C2A0601411FB15E255FA9B288C" box="[1159,1291,359,388]" country="Senegal" municipality="Kedougou" name="Dindefelo" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Dindefelo</location>
|
||
)
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1317,1394,359,388]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">450m</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[189,312,396,425]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">12.36583</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[328,459,397,426]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">-12.32917</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<collectingDate box="[470,620,396,425]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">29/09/2016</collectingDate>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMethod box="[635,704,396,425]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Hand</collectingMethod>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName box="[725,865,397,426]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Gomez, K</collectorName>
|
||
). Savannah (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1036,1111,397,426]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">+20w</specimenCount>
|
||
in ethanol), Foraging under stone [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[351,481,434,463]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KG03386</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[500,585,434,463]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964314" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KGCOL00579, KGCOL00580" specimenCount="2">
|
||
• same data (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[756,773,434,463]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">2</specimenCount>
|
||
pins, 1 w each) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[988,1185,434,463]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00579</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1197,1391,434,463]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00580</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[189,274,471,500]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964503" box="[286,830,471,500]" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KGCOL00575" specimenCount="2">
|
||
• same data (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[460,501,471,500]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">2w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[529,727,471,500]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00575</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[745,830,471,500]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964543" box="[842,1375,471,500]" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="AFRC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KG03386A06" specimenCount="3">
|
||
• same data (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1016,1057,471,500]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">3w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1085,1273,471,500]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KG03386A06</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1292,1375,471,500]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AFRC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964406" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KG03386A07" specimenCount="3">
|
||
• same data (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[353,394,509,538]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">3w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[429,618,508,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KG03386A07</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[643,727,509,538]" collectionName="USA, California, San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CASC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964308" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KGCOL00576, KGCOL00577" specimenCount="1">
|
||
• same data (2 pins 3w each) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1197,1393,508,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00576</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode box="[189,383,546,575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00577</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[400,485,546,575]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964392" box="[495,1033,546,575]" collectingDate="29 / 09 / 2016" collectingMethod="Hand" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Gomez, K" country="Senegal" location="Dande" municipality="Kedougou" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KGCOL00578" specimenCount="4">
|
||
• same data (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[665,707,546,575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">4w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[734,931,546,575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL00578</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[948,1033,546,575]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964510" collectingDate="01 / 08 - 07 / 11 / 2018" collectionCode="KGPC" collectorName="Diallo, A." location="Niokolo Koba" municipality="Nemenick" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCode="KG03821B01" specimenCount="1">
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1065,1200,546,575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Neménick</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9:A102E6C2A0601411FB2DE110FAE62B37" box="[1215,1398,546,575]" municipality="Nemenick" name="Niokolo Koba" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Niokolo Koba</location>
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[189,312,583,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">10 km W</locationDeviation>
|
||
(
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C74010FA01F1411FDA2E660FB1C2BE9:A102E6C2A0601411FEDFE175FD992B6C" box="[333,521,583,612]" municipality="Nemenick" name="Niokolo Koba" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Niokolo Koba</location>
|
||
NP),
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[605,712,583,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">13.0764</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[729,860,583,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">-12.78196</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<collectingDate box="[872,1105,583,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">01/08-07/11/2018</collectingDate>
|
||
. Winkler (
|
||
<collectorName box="[1247,1383,583,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Diallo, A.</collectorName>
|
||
). Savannah (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[333,373,621,650]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">1w</specimenCount>
|
||
) [
|
||
<specimenCode box="[401,587,621,650]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KG03821B01</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[604,689,621,650]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451964456" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
• Thies, Mboro 2m, 15.14438, -16.86874 06/09/2018. Hand (Menchetti, M.). Cultives nr. savannah (2w), Foraging [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[977,1092,657,686]" collectionName="KGCOL" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGCOL</collectionCode>
|
||
00574]
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1189,1279,658,687]" collectionName="KGPC" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">KGPC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[189,1164,708,737]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="67.[189,1399,247,737]" box="[189,1164,708,737]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION. West Africa, known from Senegal to West Nigeria (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1053,1149,708,737]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="67.[189,228,1531,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-279@67.[264,1322,752,1509]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Fig. 51. Distribution of A. guineensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5898943/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |