298 lines
37 KiB
XML
298 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="A1A05D1EA9A00D8A7ADE170D72D0C2C8" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2011.557557" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5203720" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629050214301" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Areekul-Butcher, Buntika & Quicke, Donald L. J." docDate="2011" docId="291E87E2FF961D3A36DDFB8A22F4F103" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.45.21-24.1403-1476.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 45 (21 - 24)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.557557" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) ugandaensis Butcher and Quicke 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1469" masterDocId="D527FF9AFFD71D7F3631FFE1203DF54F" masterDocTitle="Revision of Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) with reappraisal of subgeneric limits, descriptions of new species and phylogenetic analysis" masterLastPageNumber="1476" masterPageNumber="1403" pageNumber="1466" updateTime="1699058009328" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="1005F8F7FBFEA6A343BAF9ED7DC70C05" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D398338E8C459D7D73DFF4F212B709F1">
|
||
<mods:title id="93925CFF27D195ED345D8626407C6633">Revision of Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) with reappraisal of subgeneric limits, descriptions of new species and phylogenetic analysis</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A5D735D6E357B5182B098F184440A497" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1AED28D3CDB0FBB31C216E4B1AFC1268">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D88492EEDC0C3CD44A12FACA75C4B056">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5E8785E773AFAC5DA60A10305CA97127">Areekul-Butcher, Buntika</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8A09F7DC9E839068CF4503E1C90E7B9A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="089D60B38935F935F23A0E40E5CBBA31">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="35D45C4C6291836BD4166D0F7084E7DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="CBF806C3155C10D0BA29C65CECEA74A4">Quicke, Donald L. J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="284D6E4D9EEA13B568331D91F7F511E1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="E258A463F61D81B523C37E9D0E397197" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="1D03AE3F8F9BC29385FD5D4285E7C8FC">
|
||
<mods:title id="479DD2FD8D59F84BE88988FB521CF248">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="FC098BCE90DBCDAD65828015628B9E58">
|
||
<mods:date id="469EA90DF8B29106B59ADED917B9E2BE">2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EB88152B0B2BC0BDB2DDA1F351379542" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="2CB2FCC3313257E0E9B4F57210A851FA">2011-06-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2A840950EDCF19066D1853FD897DBD78" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="38F6CA43AFD5CE0E1629CC30BAAC90AA">45</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="69D95E7FF499F38C72785C2E5CD1407E" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="1C3EEE8973D58EFEE7CE75DE04849F5B">21 - 24</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="98688DD23603FF14FF40E865D5C6AAF7" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="9EBBA7FA87D86D995CCF9DC80AD7D535">1403</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="577934FCB6AA2AE5A3E9D5D5DDDD7AFB">1476</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="405D8D8A62ECA2C56C89C9B61A26E837">
|
||
<mods:url id="8C53DF24FF0ECB5377CEEDD2B6EA3C7D">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.557557</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E8E0ED94C258E62F864859D262E0BFFB">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C40205EFF0AE2D038D4B3907D50ABCAB" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2011.557557</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FC8FC54AD93D8A568C08876D0C81BBFA" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5E5C9BA5577CD001EC4ECA1266311D56" type="Zenodo-Dep">5203720</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="291E87E2FF961D3A36DDFB8A22F4F103" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:291E87E2FF961D3A36DDFB8A22F4F103" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/291E87E2FF961D3A36DDFB8A22F4F103" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="1469" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9AD657FFF961D3E36DDFB8A23CCF1CC" box="[236,1009,1131,1155]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E36DDFB8A23CCF1CC" blockId="65.[236,1009,1131,1187]" box="[236,1009,1131,1155]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<heading id="FA408198FF961D3E36DDFB8A23CCF1CC" box="[236,1009,1131,1155]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" reason="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF961D3E36DDFB8A23A8F1CC" authority="Butcher and Quicke" authorityName="Butcher and Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[236,917,1131,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandaensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E36DDFB8A2292F1CC" bold="true" box="[236,687,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) ugandaensis</emphasis>
|
||
Butcher and Quicke
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF961D3E35ADFB8D23CCF1CC" box="[924,1009,1132,1155]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9AD657FFF961D3A3421FB6A22F4F103" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="1470" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E3421FB6A22FDF1EC" blockId="65.[236,1009,1131,1187]" box="[528,704,1163,1187]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF961D3E3426FB6A22AFF1EC" box="[535,658,1163,1187]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="66.[213,280,1042,1064]" captionTargetBox="[210,1170,161,1005]" captionTargetId="figure-6@66.[210,1171,161,1005]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Figure 34. Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) ugandaensis sp. nov., CellD® light micrographs. (A) Habitus lateral aspect and associated mummified geometrid host remains; (B) head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; (C) head, lateral aspect; (D) postero-ventral aspect of head showing occipital carina curving towards and joining hypostomal carina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203788/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Figures 34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF961D3E34ACFB6A2284F1EC" box="[669,697,1163,1187]" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="67.[144,211,1405,1427]" captionTargetBox="[142,1099,161,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-7@67.[142,1100,160,1368]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Figure 35. Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) ugandaensis sp. nov., CellD® light micrographs. (A) Basal part of fore wing; (B) detail of fore wing subbasal cell, with single sclerome and associated setae, and hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203790/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">35</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E36A1FB0C215FF04A" blockId="65.[144,354,1261,1285]" box="[144,354,1261,1285]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E36A1FB0C215FF04A" box="[144,354,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E36A1FAF52415F023" blockId="65.[144,1101,1300,1388]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="11DF3CA9FF961D3E36A1FAF52415F023" collectingDate="1936-08-22" collectorName="A. M. Gwynn" country="Uganda" location="Female" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Serere" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E36A1FAF520C3F063" box="[144,254,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<typeStatus id="7E0C8856FF961D3E36A1FAF520C7F063" box="[144,250,1300,1324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="A468602FFF961D3E3734FAF52164F063" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:291E87E2FF961D3A36DDFB8A22F4F103:A468602FFF961D3E3734FAF52164F063" box="[261,345,1300,1324]" country="Uganda" name="Female" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" stateProvince="Serere">Female</location>
|
||
, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9A07664FF961D3E375EFAF521EDF063" box="[367,464,1300,1324]" name="Uganda" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6373F816FF961D3E37EAFAF5221FF063" box="[475,546,1300,1324]" country="Uganda" name="Serere" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Serere</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 8.viii.36 –
|
||
<date id="D5091034FF961D3E3490FAF52318F063" box="[673,805,1300,1324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" value="1936-08-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C54DE9DCFF961D3E3490FAF52318F063" box="[673,805,1300,1324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" value="1936-08-22">22.viii.1936</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="0C425322FF961D3E3501FAF523EFF063" box="[816,978,1300,1324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">A. M. Gwynn</collectorName>
|
||
; puparium
|
||
<collectedFrom id="12AB7509FF961D3E36A1FAD4223FF003" box="[144,514,1332,1356]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF961D3E3684FAD5223FF003" authority="" (BMNH)" baseAuthorityName="BMNH" box="[181,514,1332,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calycinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E3684FAD521BDF003" box="[181,384,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Hibiscus calycinus</emphasis>
|
||
” (BMNH)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
. Specimen mounted on same pin as heavily tanned, mummified geometrid larva with mid-dorsal, posterior parasitoid emergence hole.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E36A1FA542124F082" blockId="65.[144,281,1461,1485]" box="[144,281,1461,1485]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E36A1FA542124F082" box="[144,281,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Morphology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3E36A1FA3C2290F0BA" blockId="65.[144,685,1501,1525]" box="[144,685,1501,1525]" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
Length of body
|
||
<quantity id="664F9B11FF961D3E3774FA3C21B5F0BA" box="[325,392,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and of fore wing
|
||
<quantity id="664F9B11FF961D3E3460FA3C2294F0BA" box="[593,681,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466" unit="mm" value="7.9">7.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF961D3D36A1F9C02343F028" blockId="65.[144,1101,1569,1688]" lastBlockId="66.[213,1170,1263,1384]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="1467" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF961D3E36A1F9C020E9F376" box="[144,212,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="1466">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Antenna with 65 flagellomeres; terminal flagellomere acuminate; transverse, 1.66 times wider than maximally long in dorsal view; width of head 2.75 times shortest distance between eyes; height of eye 1.77 times shortest distance between eyes; frons shiny with weak aciculate sculpture, with distinct mid-longitudinal sulcus and with fine striation behind antennal sockets; without pit in front of anterior ocellus; posterior ocellar line: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 1.8: 4.5: 1.0; occiput coriaceous with distinct transverse rugae medially; occipital carina broadly obliterated medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F5C8667CFF951D3D36E4FBF32360F1CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203788" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5203788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203788/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467" startId="66.[213,280,1042,1064]" targetBox="[210,1170,161,1005]" targetPageId="66">
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF951D3D36E4FBF32360F1CF" blockId="66.[213,1170,1039,1152]" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">
|
||
Figure 34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF951D3D377CFBF322DFF168" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[333,738,1042,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandaensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF951D3D377CFBF3219CF168" box="[333,417,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">Aleiodes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF951D3D3784FBF32267F168" box="[437,602,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">Hemigyroneuron</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF951D3D345CFBF322DFF168" box="[621,738,1042,1063]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">ugandaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF951D3D34DEFBF3237FF167" box="[751,834,1042,1064]" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<superScript id="56C29BBCFF951D3D3561FBF323A1F152" attach="left" box="[848,924,1039,1064]" fontSize="6" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">CellD®</superScript>
|
||
light micrographs. (A) Habitus lateral aspect and associated mummified geometrid host remains; (B) head and mesosoma, dorsal aspect; (C) head, lateral aspect; (D) postero-ventral aspect of head showing occipital carina curving towards and joining hypostomal carina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF951D3D36E4FA2323CBF3D7" blockId="66.[213,1171,1473,1688]" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF951D3D36E4FA23216EF095" box="[213,339,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="1467">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesoscutum coriaceous-rugulose and densely short-setose; notauli weakly indicated by lines of somewhat coarser sculpture; mesopleuron shiny with dense puncturation, without depressed precoxal suture; prepectal carina complete; (scutellar sulcus obliterated by pin); scutellum strongly sculptured, longitudinally striate-rugulose medially, more coarsely rugose laterally; median area of metanotum finely coriaceous; propodeum rugulose anteriorly becoming foveate-rugose posteriorly, with a complete mid-longitudinal carina, without tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F5C8667CFF941D3C36A1FA9C215BF082" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5203790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203790/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468" startId="67.[144,211,1405,1427]" targetBox="[142,1099,161,1367]" targetPageId="67">
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF941D3C36A1FA9C215BF082" blockId="67.[144,1100,1401,1485]" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">
|
||
Figure 35.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF941D3C3739FA9C22A0F0DD" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[264,669,1405,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandaensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF941D3C3739FA9C2161F0DD" box="[264,348,1405,1426]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">Aleiodes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF941D3C3741FA9C2228F0DD" box="[368,533,1405,1426]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">Hemigyroneuron</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF941D3C3419FA9C22A0F0DD" box="[552,669,1405,1426]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">ugandaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF941D3C349BFA9C22C0F0DC" box="[682,765,1405,1427]" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<superScript id="56C29BBCFF941D3C353AFA9C236AF0C7" attach="left" box="[779,855,1401,1427]" fontSize="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">CellD®</superScript>
|
||
light micrographs. (A) Basal part of fore wing; (B) detail of fore wing subbasal cell, with single sclerome and associated setae, and hind wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF941D3B36A1F9C02411F5B1" blockId="67.[144,1101,1569,1688]" lastBlockId="68.[213,1170,166,254]" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="1469" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF941D3C36A1F9C02134F376" box="[144,265,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="1468">Fore wing.</emphasis>
|
||
Subbasal cell moderately setose basally, largely glabrous distally; vein M+CU with a short posterior spur demarking slightly oval, posterior part of subbasal cell which contains a single, oval, yellow sclerome with dense cluster of setae ventrally, and with small patch of setae in membrane anterior to sclerome; vein 1-CU1 2.25 times length of 2-CU1; vein cu-a weakly curved and strongly swollen posteriorly; length of veins r: 3-SR: SR1 = 1.0: 2.2: 5.3; vein m-cu 1.4 times length of 2-SR+M, forming an angle of.110
|
||
<superScript id="56C29BBCFF931D3B37D0FF0321D7F5BC" attach="left" box="[481,490,226,243]" fontSize="7" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">◦</superScript>
|
||
with vein 3-CU1; vein 2-M 3.0 times length of r-m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FEC8243AF42F" blockId="68.[213,1170,296,352]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FEC82173F40E" box="[213,334,297,321]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Hind wing.</emphasis>
|
||
Vein M+CU 1.25 times length of vein 1-M; vein 2-SC+R short longitudinal; basal, subbasal and discal+subdiscal cells more or less evenly setose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FE6A24AFF4EC" blockId="68.[213,1170,395,419]" box="[213,1170,395,419]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FE6A211DF4EC" box="[213,288,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Claws.</emphasis>
|
||
With long, colourless pecten spines extending just beyond middle of basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FE2C22CCF76A" blockId="68.[213,1170,461,549]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FE2C216EF4AA" box="[213,339,461,485]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergites 1 and 2 with strong longitudinal striation and with ill-defined punctures between striae; basal 0.7 of 3rd tergite striate; 2nd tergite 1.35 times wider posteriorly than long, 1.2 times longer than 3rd.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FD8C2164F7CA" blockId="68.[213,345,621,645]" box="[213,345,621,645]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FD8C2164F7CA" box="[213,345,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Colouration</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FD752118F643" blockId="68.[213,1170,660,780]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Body pale brown-yellow, antennae and stemmaticum black. Wings largely clear with apical 0.25 very pale infuscate and a pale infuscate band, somewhat darker anteriorly at level of parastigma. Fore wing veins 1-M, 1-SR and basal part of 1-SR+M darker brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FCB523A2F623" blockId="68.[213,927,852,876]" box="[213,927,852,876]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FCB523A2F623" bold="true" box="[213,927,852,876]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
Description of male tergal gland anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B34F1FCB523A2F623" box="[704,927,852,876]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subscleroma" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B34F1FCB523A2F623" bold="true" box="[704,927,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">A. (H.)subscleroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FC9A2271F1DD" blockId="68.[213,1170,891,1171]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
Light microscopic examination of the gland openings in all but one species for which males are known show that there are a cluster of setae within each pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF931D3B3232FC7A24B8F6FC" box="[1027,1157,923,947]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="36.[213,280,1370,1392]" captionTargetBox="[210,1170,162,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-6@36.[210,1170,161,1333]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 16. Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) glandularis sp. nov., CellD® light micrographs. (A) Head, frontal aspect; (B) head, dorsal aspect; (C) head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; (D) hind claw showing extensive pecten; (E) basal half of fore wing; (F) metasomal tergites 2–6 showing large medial gland pores on tergites 4–6 in broader depression." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203752/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Figure 16F</figureCitation>
|
||
), though when the pore is small these can be very hard to see. Following potassium hydroxide dissolution of non-chitinous tissue and staining of non-sclerotized chitin of the metasoma of a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B37D0FC1A2281F15C" box="[481,700,1019,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subscleroma" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B37D0FC1A21C9F15C" box="[481,500,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">A</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3438FC1A2222F15C" box="[521,543,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">H</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3407FC1A2281F15C" box="[566,700,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">subscleroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with chlorazol black, the external opening can be seen to lead to a parallel-sided duct running anteriorly just under the surface of the tergum, and originating in a large bilobed internal reservoir (
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF931D3B35E5FBDA24B8F11C" box="[980,1157,1083,1107]" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="69.[144,211,812,834]" captionTargetBox="[142,1100,166,767]" captionTargetId="figure-7@69.[142,1101,163,779]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="Figure 36. Features of male tergal gland light micrographs. (A, B) Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) subscleroma, metasomal tergites 4 and 5 respectively, following maceration in potassium hydroxide and staining with chlorazol black, showing setae inside duct behind pore (arrows) and chitinous intima of large bilobed gland reservoir; (C) Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) dubiosus (Fullaway), posterior metasomal tergites showing peribasal concavities and specialised setal arrangement." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203792/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Figures 36A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some species, the duct can be seen clearly through the dorsal cuticle of the tergum e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3733FB9A2173F1DC" box="[258,334,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">roborti</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nov., (
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF931D3B378CFB9B227DF1DD" box="[445,576,1146,1170]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="54.[213,280,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[212,1171,162,1461]" captionTargetId="figure-6@54.[211,1171,162,1461]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figure 27. Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) roberti sp. nov., CellD® light micrographs. (A) Metasoma, dorsal aspect; (B) metasomal tergites 4–6, detail showing pore openings (arrows) and internal glandular ducts visible through cuticle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203774/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Figure 27B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3B36E4FB3B22A1F1BD" blockId="68.[213,668,1242,1266]" box="[213,668,1242,1266]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FB3B22A1F1BD" bold="true" box="[213,668,1242,1266]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
Phylogeny of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B375DFB3B22A1F1BD" authority="" box="[364,668,1242,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B375DFB3B21F4F1BD" bold="true" box="[364,457,1242,1266]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Aleiodes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B37E8FB3B22AFF1BD" bold="true" box="[473,658,1242,1266]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Hemigyroneuron</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A10836F4FF931D3A36E4FAE322F4F103" blockId="68.[213,1170,1282,1688]" lastBlockId="69.[144,1101,1043,1100]" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="1470" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3778FAE3224AF055" authority="" box="[329,631,1282,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3778FAE3219BF055" box="[329,422,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Aleiodes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3785FAE32250F055" box="[436,621,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Hemigyroneuron</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rarely collected and therefore molecular phylogenetics is not currently a viable approach to understanding the biogeography of the included species. The morphological phylogenies presented here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="398C2A71FF931D3B35E2FAA3247EF015" box="[979,1091,1346,1370]" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="70.[213,280,1490,1512]" captionTargetBox="[210,493,168,1443]" captionTargetId="graphics-173@70.[217,492,631,991]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 37. (A) Strict consensus of 100 trees from analysis of characters treated as unordered (length = 145, RI = 0.618); (B) single successive approximations weighting tree from analysis of unordered characters (score = 79.96); (C) strict consensus of three trees from implied weighting analysis of unordered characters (score 25.964); (D) strict consensus of nine most parsimonious trees’ characters all treated as ordered (length = 159, RI = 0.919); (E) single successive approximations weighting tree from analysis of ordered characters (score = 86.804); (F) strict consensus of three trees from implied weighting analysis of ordered characters (score 25.226)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5203794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5203794/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">Figure 37</figureCitation>
|
||
), using a variety of approaches and assumptions about character state transitions, all show broadly similar topologies, with (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3448FA632318F0D5" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[633,805,1409,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="certum" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3448FA6322B1F0D5" box="[633,652,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">A</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3496FA632280F0D5" box="[679,701,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">H</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B34E8FA632318F0D5" box="[729,805,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">certum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forming the sister group to all other species; (2) a monophyletic group comprising all non-Afrotropical species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B36E4FA2321AFF095" authorityName="Chen and He" authorityYear="1997" box="[213,402,1473,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Hemigyroneuron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans" subGenus="Hemigyroneuron">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B36E4FA2320D5F095" box="[213,232,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">A</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3731FA23212BF095" box="[256,278,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">H</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B371FFA2321AFF095" box="[302,402,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">nigricans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9A07664FF931D3B37E6FA202221F096" box="[471,540,1473,1497]" name="China" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
being basal in that clade and (3) a clade comprising the Afrotopical species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3783FA00222BF0B6" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[434,534,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plurivena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3783FA00222BF0B6" box="[434,534,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">plurivena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B342DFA03224EF0B6" box="[540,627,1506,1529]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B344CFA00233CF0B6" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[637,769,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B344CFA00233CF0B6" box="[637,769,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">ugandaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B3537FA032360F0B6" box="[774,861,1506,1529]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3556FA0023F3F0B6" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[871,974,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoretae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3556FA0023F3F0B6" box="[871,974,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">amoretae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B35E2FA032414F0B6" box="[979,1065,1506,1529]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3205FA002453F0B6" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[1076,1134,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elgon" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3205FA002453F0B6" box="[1076,1134,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">elgon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B3242FA03213AF356" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3720F9E02149F356" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[273,372,1537,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faddenae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3720F9E02149F356" box="[273,372,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">faddenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B3748F9E321EDF356" box="[377,464,1538,1561]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B37EBF9E02278F356" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[474,581,1537,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenwickae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B37EBF9E02278F356" box="[474,581,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">fenwickae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B347DF9E3229FF356" box="[588,674,1538,1561]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B349DF9E02325F356" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[684,792,1537,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meruensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B349DF9E02325F356" box="[684,792,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">meruensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B352FF9E3234FF356" box="[798,882,1538,1561]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3599F9E023D8F356" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[936,997,1537,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pappi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3599F9E023D8F356" box="[936,997,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">pappi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B35DAF9E32402F356" box="[1003,1087,1538,1561]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Rather surprisingly the three species with a well-developed spur from fore wing vein M+CU clearly demarking an oval distal part of the subbasal cell (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3561F9A023F4F316" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[848,969,1601,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glandularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3561F9A023F4F316" box="[848,969,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">glandularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B35FFF9A02419F317" box="[974,1060,1601,1624]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B321CF9A024ACF316" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[1069,1169,1601,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plurivena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B321CF9A024ACF316" box="[1069,1169,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">plurivena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B36E4F9802111F337" box="[213,300,1633,1656]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B74D77FF931D3B3707F98021AFF336" authority="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke, 2011" authorityName="Areekul-Butcher & Quicke" authorityYear="2011" box="[310,402,1633,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharkeyi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="93C3EAE6FF931D3B3707F98021AFF336" box="[310,402,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">sharkeyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88F0579DFF931D3B37A8F98021D5F336" box="[409,488,1633,1657]" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) never form a clade. Within the East Palaearctic (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9A07664FF931D3B3223F9802464F336" box="[1042,1113,1633,1657]" name="China" pageId="68" pageNumber="1469">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and Asian clade, the three species with a sclerome in the subbasal cell are always widely dispersed on the trees, indicating the homoplastic nature of the presence/absence of this feature and its inadequacy for defining genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |