180 lines
19 KiB
XML
180 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.636.10592" ID-GBIF-Dataset="94204677-1d13-4675-bb46-397e33975e79" ID-PMC="PMC5126516" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-636-51" ID-PubMed="27917064" ID-ZBK="D721AC91B98449E08433B170484115AE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-636-51" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 636" ModsDocTitle="A new earwig of the genus Echinosoma from Penang Island, Peninsular Malaysia, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the genus Cranopygia (Insecta, Dermaptera, Pygidicranidae)" checkinTime="1480088853958" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kamimura, Yoshitaka, Nishikawa, Masaru & Lee, Chow-Yang" docDate="2016" docId="2181E079F88A0E6953923D0335B673D5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 636: 51-65" docOrigin="ZooKeys 636" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.636.10592" docTitle="Echinosoma roseiventre Kamimura & Nishikawa, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="A1DA37A5-838E-4B46-A5A1-977893C9460A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="8970503CFF97DA7C3B6BFFA0FFA9B407" masterDocTitle="A new earwig of the genus Echinosoma from Penang Island, Peninsular Malaysia, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the genus Cranopygia (Insecta, Dermaptera, Pygidicranidae)" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1668163755986" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A new earwig of the genus Echinosoma from Penang Island, Peninsular Malaysia, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the genus Cranopygia (Insecta, Dermaptera, Pygidicranidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kamimura, Yoshitaka</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Nishikawa, Masaru</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lee, Chow-Yang</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>636</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>51</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>65</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.636.10592</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.636.10592</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-636-51</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D721AC91B98449E08433B170484115AE</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D721AC91B98449E08433B170484115AE</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127879018" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1DA37A5-838E-4B46-A5A1-977893C9460A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2181E079F88A0E6953923D0335B673D5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/A1DA37A5-838E-4B46-A5A1-977893C9460A" authority="Kamimura & Nishikawa" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre Kamimura & Nishikawa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="52">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figs 1a, 2-6, 7-9
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma" order="Dermaptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Echinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kamimura, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" pagination="233 - 257" title="The earwig fauna (Insecta: Dermaptera) of Penang Island, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new species." url="10.11646/zootaxa.4084.2.4" volume="4084" year="2016">Kamimura et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 240, figs 9, 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is a small species less than 8 mm including the forceps. This species differs from all other similar sized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma" order="Dermaptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Echinosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the combination of the following characters: abdomen uniformly reddish brown or rosy without a distinct pattern; ultimate tergite not pubescent, but with small rounded swellings; pygidium broader than long; virga very long, more than five times longer than parameres, tubular and simple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Holotype (male): length of body (without forceps): 7 mm. Length of forceps: 0.9 mm. Head width: 1.5 mm. Pronotum width: 1.6 mm. Pronotum length: 1.1 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Color: General body color dull smoky black but abdomen, especially caudal part, pygidium, and forceps reddish brown or rosy (Fig. 1a). Mouth parts brownish. Antennae dark brown except for first three segments dirty white. Legs dirty white but femora with a broad fuscous band near the base. Caudal margin of tegmina with distinct, narrow whitish band. First abdominal segment whitish. Body covered with obtuse bristles sparsely. Head (Fig. 2) slightly broader than long; frons convex; transverse and median suture indistinct; caudal margin feebly emarginated in middle. Antennae (Fig. 3); 17 segments (left side partly broken, 16 segments remaining), segments mostly stout; 1st expanded apically, nearly half long as the distance between antennal bases; 2nd short, quadrate, almost as long as broad; 3rd long, twice as long as broad; 4th and 5th short, as long as broad; 6th and beyond gradually becoming longer and narrowing basally rendering some segments subpyriform. Eyes long, approx. as long as the post-ocular length. Post-ocular margin with a row of five long bristles. Pronotum (Fig. 2) broader than long; surface rough; sides rounded; frontal and caudal angles weakly and strongly rounded, respectively; caudal margin convex with distinct emargination in middle; prozona distinctively raised; median sulcus week but visible; row of long bristles on frontal and lateral margins. Tegmina almost as long as pronotum; surface rough; humeral angle weak and anal angle shortly rounded off to show a small, triangular scutellum; caudal margin obliquely truncate, outer and caudal margins with long bristles. Hind wings wanting. Legs stout; femora not compresed, ecarinate; arolium small; hind tarsi with 1st segment longer than the third. Abdomen stout, more or less parallel-sided, except first three segments narrowed; sides of segments almost straight; tergites with scattered granules or very short obtuse bristles with whitish apex; first two tergites and lateral sides of 3rd tergites onward with long bristles near caudal margins. Penultimate
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="53" start="start">sternite</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(Fig. 4) transverse, narrowed posteriorly with caudal margin being nearly half of the anterior, widely emarginated. Ultimate tergite (Fig. 5) transverse, with small rounded swellings above the base of forceps; caudal margin almost straight. Pygidium short, rectangular, transverse. Forceps (Fig. 5) short, strongly curving inwards, tapering apically; surface, smooth at tips. Genitalia (Figs 6-9) with slender, finger-like parameres with obtuse tips and broad base (Fig. 7); penis lobe almost twice length of
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="start">parameres</pageBreakToken>
|
||
; virga very long, more than five times longer than parameres, tubular and simple (Figs 6, 8); penis lobes also enclose a funnel-shaped sclerite at the base of virga, and a long ellipse sclerite distally (Fig. 9).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Figure 1. Holotype (male) of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (a), a male (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="b–d">b-d</normalizedToken>
|
||
) and a female (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="e–f">e-f</normalizedToken>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cranopygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cranopygia pallidipennis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidipennis">Cranopygia pallidipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Penang Island, and a male of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cranopygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cranopygia similis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">Cranopygia similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Java (MM No. 3639) (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="g–i">g-i</normalizedToken>
|
||
). (a, b, e, g) habitus; (c, d, h, i) male genitalia; (f) female genitalic region and ovipositor. The red and blue arrowheads indicate the expanded outer angle of the parameres (c) and the distal process of the virgae (c, d, i), respectively. Abbreviations: AP, anal plate; ce, cercus (=forceps); gl8, gonoplac (=coxal lobe) VIII; gl9, gonoplac (=coxal lobe) IX; gp8, gonapophysis VIII; gp9, gonapophysis IX; LC9, laterocoxa IX; LP, lateral plate; TG8-TG10, tergum
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIII–X">VIII-X</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Scale bars: 3 mm in a, b, e, and g; 1 mm in c, f and h; 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in d and i.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Figures 2-6.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (male) 2 Head and thorax 3 The basal part of left antenna 4 Penultimate sternite (pubescence omitted) 5 Ultimate tergite and forceps 6 Genitalia (before mounting in Euparal). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Figures 7-9.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (male). 7 Right paramere 8 The tip of right virga 9 The base of right virga (indicated by the gray arrowhead) with the funnel-shaped sclerite (indicated by the solid arrowhead) and the long ellipse sclerite (indicated by the open arrowhead). Scale bars: 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="55" start="start">Paratype</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(male). Length of body (without forceps), 6.5 mm; length of forceps, 0.8 mm; head width, 1.2 mm; pronotum width, 1.2 mm; pronotum length, 0.8 mm. Antennae broken, five (right) and eleven (left) segments remaining. Tegmina longer, approx. 1.5 times longer than pronotum. Penultimate sternite not strongly narrows posteriorly, almost rectangular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="type series">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Type series.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Holotype: 1 male (genitalia mounted in Euparal between two coverslips and attached to the pin of the specimen), Bukit Jambul, Penang Island, West Malaysia, 27.XI.2012, Y. Kamimura leg. [OMNH]. Paratype: 1 male (genitalia mounted in Euparal between two coverslips and attached to the pin of the specimen), same locality as holotype, 24.VI.2012 (8.VII.2012 emerged from a nymph), Y. Kamimura leg. [LKCNHM].</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Penang Island, Peninsular Malaysia</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">The specific epithet refers to the characteristic rosy abdomen of this new species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma andamanensis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Echinosoma andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Srivastava, 1988, described from India. Currently these two species can only be distinguished by differences in the length of the virgae (shorter than five times the parameres in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma andamanensis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Echinosoma andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the shape of the pygidium (longer than broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma andamanensis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Echinosoma andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and body coloration (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma andamanensis" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Echinosoma andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is generally dull smoky black but the abdomen, pygidium, and forceps are shiny;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Srivastava, GK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" title="Fauna of India and the adjacent Countries, Dermaptera Part I: Pygidicranoidea." year="1988">Srivastava 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
In addition to the species listed in the key below,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma rufomarginatum" order="Dermaptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufomarginatum">Echinosoma rufomarginatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Borelli, 1931, which
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hincks, WD" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" title="A Systematic Monograph of the Dermaptera of the World. Part II. Pygidicranidae excluding Diplatyinae." year="1959">Hincks (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Steinmann, H" journalOrPublisher="Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin" pageId="13" pageNumber="64" title="Das Tierreich" year="1986">Steinmann (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Srivastava, GK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" title="Fauna of India and the adjacent Countries, Dermaptera Part I: Pygidicranoidea." year="1988">Srivastava (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated as a doubtful species, also has a small body size (body length with forceps of ~11 mm;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hincks, WD" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" title="A Systematic Monograph of the Dermaptera of the World. Part II. Pygidicranidae excluding Diplatyinae." year="1959">Hincks 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, according to the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Borelli, A" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="11" pageNumber="62" pagination="289 - 308" title="Dermapteres de l'Inde meridionale." volume="38" year="1931">Borelli (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the male penultimate sternite of this species has a very deep emargination on the caudal margin.
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="56" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma burri" order="Dermaptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burri">Echinosoma burri</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hincks, 1959, recorded from Java and Sumatra, are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Echinosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinosoma roseiventre" order="Dermaptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseiventre">Echinosoma roseiventre</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., but the body size is much larger (male body length with forceps of 18-20 mm;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hincks, WD" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="12" pageNumber="63" title="A Systematic Monograph of the Dermaptera of the World. Part II. Pygidicranidae excluding Diplatyinae." year="1959">Hincks 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |