610 lines
73 KiB
XML
610 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="12922B38B97EDD55104D60E866FF2175" ID-CLB-Dataset="3474" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.735.1239" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5378cee4-4671-4527-965e-72b98ab75a68" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5707947" ID-ZooBank="0E81E516-72A2-40BC-A766-FC66820831D8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613553783371" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haran, Julien M." docDate="2021" docId="2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-735_34-73.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 735" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Smicronyx san, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F652DB37-9106-483C-A89F-9F2375C52910" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="DC708E31FFC3FFF25B03FFF9FFD5500A" masterDocTitle="The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="34" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698929781913" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="4F5AE74F9F120A80AA701376838AC52F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5FCEE711EDCB52C90489A9C8FB986334">
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<mods:title id="7A8F4A48FF63738FB63639F2DB4EE9C1">The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8E680851CBC25BB47FABFFF463D7CCA7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="849EE451B85505330ECA33701CB22EE8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="80D710796DEDA064A263D7DC2511131D">Haran, Julien M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33B8E3021FAE61F4D4D66AA37AD4862F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9458-3785</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A20490BDA7170620AD293515EC2E91C0">CBGP, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France. Email: julien. haran @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3E2730D01AEBC972902396C0A2C78A2" type="email">julien.haran@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="924566A68384D513B251E81373426E59">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3BB478B29E8D18BCB300695B2B360A46">
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<mods:date id="CBB6829C817F3AFCB0B538AE72F6990C">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="12BD91497F66006A26A1594EFC0B0844">2021-02-17</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="AA8BE99DCC05FB7203458EF54231C887" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5C27F2EB8754E686CF05CA623354B52F">735</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708023" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190304188" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5708023" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F652DB37-9106-483C-A89F-9F2375C52910" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD9FFE8598CFA79FC705591" box="[655,933,1408,1435]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE8598CFA79FC705591" blockId="26.[376,1211,1408,1506]" box="[655,933,1408,1435]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="F317F033FFD9FFE8598CFA79FC705591" box="[655,933,1408,1435]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE8598CFA79FC965591" authority="Hanam, 2021" box="[655,835,1408,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE8598CFA79FC965591" bold="true" box="[655,835,1408,1435]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Smicronyx san</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE85849FA78FC705591" box="[842,933,1409,1435]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD9FFE85A7BFA5AFC0055EB" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE85A7BFA5AFB6E55B4" blockId="26.[376,1211,1408,1506]" box="[376,1211,1443,1470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<uri id="DC714B5DFFD9FFE85A7BFA5AFB6E55B4" box="[376,1211,1443,1470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="DC467D8AFFD9FFE85996FA5AFB6E55B4" box="[661,1211,1443,1470]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">F652DB37-9106-483C-A89F-9F2375C52910</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE8595DFA3EFC0055EB" blockId="26.[376,1211,1408,1506]" box="[606,981,1479,1506]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFD9FFE8595DFA3EFD7355EB" box="[606,678,1479,1505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[230,1381,734,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-107@7.[189,1398,719,1679]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus of species of Smicronychini from southern Africa (Part 2). A. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. B. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Orphium frutescens L. (E. Mey). C. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Sebaea Sol. ex R.Br. sp. D. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). E. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa.F. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). G. Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854, ♂ (CBGP), specimen from Israel. H. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂ (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707953/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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A–C, 4D, 5L, 6E;
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<tableCitation id="E56272E4FFD9FFE8587DFA3EFC0055EB" box="[894,981,1479,1505]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[189,258,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Checklist, distribution and host plants of Smicronyx of southern Africa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FC9F17D7FFC0FFF15BBEFEF0FBB75129" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="FC9F17D7FFC0FFF15BBEFEF0FBB75129">Table 1</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD9FFE85BBEF9F1FC2556B1" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE85BBEF9F1FE1C5628" blockId="26.[189,457,1544,1570]" box="[189,457,1544,1570]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="F317F033FFD9FFE85BBEF9F1FE1C5628" bold="true" box="[189,457,1544,1570]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE85BBEF9F1FE1C5628" bold="true" box="[189,457,1544,1570]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE85BBEF9CEFC2556B1" blockId="26.[189,1399,1591,1723]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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In the
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<collectingCountry id="D0F707CFFFD9FFE85A11F9CEFD9E565B" box="[274,587,1591,1617]" name="South Africa" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE8595FF9CEFD7D565A" box="[604,680,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE8595FF9CEFD7D565A" box="[604,680,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">S. san</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE859B7F9CEFCC1565B" box="[692,788,1591,1617]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is closest to
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE858C3F9CEFB7B565B" box="[960,1198,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="drakensbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE858C3F9CEFB7B565B" box="[960,1198,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">S. drakensbergensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE85FB8F9CEFACE565B" box="[1211,1307,1591,1617]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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; it can be distinguished from this species by the coating on the elytra (white and brown scales, grey in
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE85BBEF984FE7E569D" box="[189,427,1661,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="drakensbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE85BBEF984FE7E569D" box="[189,427,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">S. drakensbergensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE85ABBF987FDCE5692" box="[440,539,1662,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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), the ratio of its prothorax (isodiametric, slightly longer than wide in
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE85BBEF958FE7356B0" box="[189,422,1696,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="drakensbergensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE85BBEF958FE7356B0" box="[189,422,1696,1723]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">S. drakensbergensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE85AADF958FDD956B1" box="[430,524,1697,1723]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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), and its shorter penis body (
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<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFD9FFE8585DF959FC7756B1" box="[862,930,1696,1723]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[189,1398,335,1996]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5 (opposite page). Penis of Smicronyx from southern Africa, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view. A. Sharpia madibai sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). B. Afrosmicronyx cycnii sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). C. Afrosmicronyx louwi sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). D. Afrosmicronyx marshalli sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SANC). E. Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (BMNH). F. Smicronyx similis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SANC). G. Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). H. Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). I. Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836), ♂, neotype (NHRS). J. Smicronyx australis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). K. Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864, ♂, specimen from Tanzania. L. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. M. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). N. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. O. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). P. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂, holotype (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5708001/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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L–M).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD9FFE85BBEF91BFB3F577B" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE85BBEF91BFE9156F6" blockId="26.[189,324,1762,1788]" box="[189,324,1762,1788]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="F317F033FFD9FFE85BBEF91BFE9156F6" bold="true" box="[189,324,1762,1788]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE85BBEF91BFE9156F6" bold="true" box="[189,324,1762,1788]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD9FFE85BBEF8E9FB3F577B" blockId="26.[188,1399,1808,1905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">
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This species is dedicated to the San people, hunter gatherers whose first traces date back 44 000 years in southern Africa. They left remarkable marks of their presence along the coast in
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<collectingRegion id="6A2489BDFFD9FFE85F5CF8CDFAA75747" box="[1119,1394,1843,1870]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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, where
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<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD9FFE85A0FF8AEFE87577A" box="[268,338,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD9FFE85A0FF8AEFE87577A" box="[268,338,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="60">S. san</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFD9FFE85A5AF8AEFE61577B" box="[345,436,1879,1905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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forms dense populations due to the local abundance of its host plants.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD8FFE95BBEFEF1FD1D5459" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEFEF1FE7F5128" blockId="27.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
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||
<heading id="F317F033FFD8FFE95BBEFEF1FE7F5128" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95BBEFEF1FE7F5128" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BE9FECEFCC251B1" blockId="27.[187,1398,311,443]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
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||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95BE9FECEFCC251B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621323" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Stellenbosch" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95BE9FECEFE89515B" bold="true" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
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||
<typeStatus id="775BF9FDFFD8FFE95BE9FECEFE89515B" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="D0F707CFFFD8FFE95BBEFEA3FD9B517E" box="[189,590,346,372]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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||
•
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<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95965FEA3FD46517F" box="[614,659,346,373]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; “Rep. of South Africa;
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||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE958AEFEA3FB96517E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE958AEFEA3FB96517E" box="[941,1091,346,372]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.94277" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" name="Stellenbosch" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">Stellenbosch</location>
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||
[
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<collectingRegion id="6A2489BDFFD8FFE95F53FEA2FABE517F" box="[1104,1387,346,373]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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];
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||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95BBEFE84FE9F5192" box="[189,330,381,408]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="56.566" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-33.94277">33°56.566S</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95A50FE84FE365192" box="[339,483,381,408]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="52.402" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="18.873367">18°52.402E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="6F18EABAFFD8FFE95AEFFE84FDE35192" box="[492,566,381,408]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="156.0">
|
||
<elevation id="23CDA06CFFD8FFE95AEFFE84FDE35192" box="[492,566,381,408]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="156.0">156 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95942FE84FD6E519D" box="[577,699,381,407]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-02-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95942FE84FD6E519D" box="[577,699,381,407]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-02-20">20.ii.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE959C6FE87FCF05192" box="[709,805,382,408]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.” / “on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE958A2FE84FBAB519D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[929,1150,381,407]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE958A2FE84FBAB519D" box="[929,1150,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Chironia baccifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; JHAR00761_0101” / “HOLOTYPE;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE95A5FFE58FDD251B0" box="[348,519,417,443]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95A5FFE58FDD251B0" box="[348,519,417,443]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Smicronyx san</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Haran 2021”;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE959BFFE58FCC651B1" box="[700,787,417,443]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BE9FE1BFD1D5459" blockId="27.[186,1399,482,1107]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95BE9FE1BFADB522A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621387" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95BE9FE1BFEB251F6" bold="true" box="[234,359,482,508]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<typeStatus id="775BF9FDFFD8FFE95BE9FE1BFEB251F6" box="[234,359,482,508]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D0F707CFFFD8FFE95BBEFDFCFD825215" box="[189,599,517,543]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95977FDFCFD76522A" box="[628,675,517,544]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE959B0FDFCFD37522A" box="[691,738,517,544]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95FB5FDFFFADB522A" box="[1206,1294,518,544]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95E28FDFCFCF75249" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621346" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Rep. of South Africa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95E28FDFCFAA4522A" box="[1323,1393,517,544]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95BBEFDD0FED75249" box="[189,258,553,579]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE959D5FDD0FCF75249" box="[726,802,553,579]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE9583DFDD0FEC2526C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621345" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Rep. of South Africa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE9583DFDD0FCB85249" box="[830,877,553,579]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE9587EFDD0FC795249" box="[893,940,553,579]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95BBEFDB5FEC2526C" box="[189,279,588,614]" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95A36FDB5FC06526C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621339" box="[309,979,588,614]" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Rep. of South Africa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95A36FDB5FEB0526C" box="[309,357,588,614]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95A75FDB5FE70526C" box="[374,421,588,614]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE9587DFDB5FC06526C" box="[894,979,588,614]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">RMCA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE958F2FDB5FE535283" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621350" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Rep. of South Africa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE958F2FDB5FBF4526C" box="[1009,1057,588,614]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95A30FD96FE535283" box="[307,390,623,649]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95A9CFD96FBCC5283" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621386" box="[415,1049,623,649]" collectingDate="2018-02-20" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="156" latitude="-33.94277" location="Rep. of South Africa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873367" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95A9CFD96FE195283" box="[415,460,623,649]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95AD9FD96FDD25283" box="[474,519,623,649]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE958C8FD96FBCC5283" box="[971,1049,623,649]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95F31FD96FDE652C5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621316" collectedFrom="on Orphium frutescens" collectingDate="2018-02-24" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="16" latitude="-34.338333" location="Cape Peninsula" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.45815" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR00769" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Western Cape Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F31FD96FBA35283" box="[1074,1142,623,649]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">6 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F80FD96FB135283" box="[1155,1222,623,649]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">7 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A2489BDFFD8FFE95FD0FD96FEFD52A6" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95A30FD6BFE3E52A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95A30FD6BFE3E52A6" box="[307,491,658,684]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.338333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.45815" name="Cape Peninsula" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Western Cape Province">Cape Peninsula</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95AF6FD6BFD5252A6" box="[501,647,658,684]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="20.300" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-34.338333">34°20.300 S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95991FD6BFCF252A7" box="[658,807,658,685]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="27.489" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="18.45815">18°27.489 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt.
|
||
<quantity id="6F18EABAFFD8FFE9585FFD6BFC4F52A7" box="[860,922,658,685]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="16.0">
|
||
<elevation id="23CDA06CFFD8FFE9585FFD6BFC4F52A7" box="[860,922,658,685]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE958A7FD6BFBEA52A6" box="[932,1087,658,684]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-02-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE958A7FD6BFBEA52A6" box="[932,1087,658,684]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-02-24">24 Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95F49FD6AFB7F52A7" box="[1098,1194,659,685]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="1BFC04A2FFD8FFE95FEAFD6AFEE152C5" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE95E08FD6BFEE152C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Orphium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95E08FD6BFEE152C5" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Orphium frutescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE95A47FD4CFE0E52C5" box="[324,475,693,719]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR00769</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95AE4FD4CFDE652C5" box="[487,563,693,719]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE9594EFD4CFCE552F9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621379" collectedFrom="on Chironia baccifera" collectingDate="2019-06-29" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" location="Bottelaryberg" municipality="Stellenbosch" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR02343" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE9594EFD4CFD7252DA" box="[589,679,693,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">4 specs</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="483BDD25FFD8FFE959B7FD4CFC9852C5" box="[692,845,693,719]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Stellenbosch</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE9585AFD4CFC2B52C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE9585AFD4CFC2B52C5" box="[857,1022,693,719]" country="South Africa" municipality="Stellenbosch" name="Bottelaryberg" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Bottelaryberg</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95F09FD4CFB7352C5" box="[1034,1190,693,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2019-06-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95F09FD4CFB7352C5" box="[1034,1190,693,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2019-06-29">29 Jun. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95FB0FD4FFAC352DA" box="[1203,1302,694,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="1BFC04A2FFD8FFE95E5AFD4FFE4952F8" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE95BBDFD21FE4952F8" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[190,412,728,754]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95BBDFD21FE4952F8" box="[190,412,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Chironia baccifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE95AA8FD20FD9452F9" box="[427,577,729,755]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR02343</specimenCode>
|
||
; ethanol coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE959E7FD20FCE552F9" box="[740,816,729,755]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE9584BFD20FB32531C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621397" collectedFrom="on Sebaea" collectingDate="2018-08-19" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" elevation="443" latitude="-34.014668" location="Helderberg" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="18.892216" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR01367" specimenCount="14" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE9584BFD20FC7A52F9" box="[840,943,729,755]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">14 specs</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE958B9FD21FB9452F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE958B9FD21FB9452F8" box="[954,1089,728,754]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.014668" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="18.892216" name="Helderberg" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Helderberg</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95F4EFD20FB1C52F9" box="[1101,1225,727,755]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="0.88" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="9" value="-34.014668">34°0.88′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95FD6FD21FAA452F9" box="[1237,1393,727,755]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="53.533" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="18.892216">18°53.533′ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt.
|
||
<quantity id="6F18EABAFFD8FFE95BE8FD05FEEF531C" box="[235,314,764,790]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.43" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="443.0">
|
||
<elevation id="23CDA06CFFD8FFE95BE8FD05FEEF531C" box="[235,314,764,790]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.43" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="443.0">443 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95A4BFD05FE38531C" box="[328,493,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95A4BFD05FE38531C" box="[328,493,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-19">19 Aug. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95AF8FD05FD8A531C" box="[507,607,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="1BFC04A2FFD8FFE959A7FD05FCF4531C" box="[676,801,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE959CFFD05FCF4531C" box="[716,801,764,790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Sebaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE959CFFD05FCF4531C" box="[716,801,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Sebaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
sp.;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE95858FD05FC27531C" box="[859,1010,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR01367</specimenCode>
|
||
; ethanol coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95F98FD05FB32531C" box="[1179,1255,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95E01FD05FB775333" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621383" collectedFrom="on Chironia baccifera" collectingDate="2018-08-24" collectionCode="CMNC" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" location="Kapstyl" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR01438" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95E01FD05FAE4531C" box="[1282,1329,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95E42FD05FABA531C" box="[1345,1391,764,790]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BBEFCE6FEC95333" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BBEFCE6FEC95333" box="[189,284,799,825]" country="South Africa" name="Kapstyl" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Kapstyl</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95A29FCE6FE075333" box="[298,466,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95A29FCE6FE075333" box="[298,466,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-24">24 Aug. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95AE2FCE6FD935333" box="[481,582,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectedFrom id="1BFC04A2FFD8FFE9598EFCE6FC435333" box="[653,918,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE959B7FCE6FC435333" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[692,918,799,825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE959B7FCE6FC435333" box="[692,918,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Chironia baccifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE958ABFCE6FBEA5333" box="[936,1087,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR01438</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95F4FFCE6FB775333" box="[1100,1186,799,825]" collectionName="Canada, Ottawa, Canadian Museum of Nature" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95FC2FCE6FC6B5356" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621354" collectedFrom="on Chironia baccifera" collectingDate="2018-08-24" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" location="Kapstyl" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR01438" specimenCount="20" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95FC2FCE6FAFE5333" box="[1217,1323,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">20 specs</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for preceding;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE9593AFCBBFD055356" box="[569,720,834,860]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR01438</specimenCode>
|
||
; ethanol coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95871FCBBFC6B5356" box="[882,958,834,860]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE958D6FCBBFB5A5375" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621357" collectingDate="2007-11-14" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="E. Colonnelli" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.100666" location="Western Cape Province" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="18.1285" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE958D6FCBBFBD45357" box="[981,1025,834,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F0DFCBBFB845357" box="[1038,1105,834,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A2489BDFFD8FFE95F5DFCBAFAA75356" box="[1118,1394,834,861]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="B9ED5E7DFFD8FFE95BBEFC9CFE7A5375" box="[189,431,869,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">R27 near Langebaan</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95AB4FC9CFDEC5375" box="[439,569,869,895]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="06.04" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="9" value="-33.100666">33°06.04 S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE95947FC9CFD1D538A" box="[580,712,869,896]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="07.71" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="9" value="18.1285">18°07.71 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE959D1FC9CFCBA5375" box="[722,879,869,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2007-11-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE959D1FC9CFCBA5375" box="[722,879,869,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2007-11-14">14 Nov. 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE9587BFC9FFBC75375" box="[888,1042,869,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">E. Colonnelli</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95F4CFC9CFB5A5375" box="[1103,1167,869,895]" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95FA1FC9FFEDD53CC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621306" collectedFrom="on Chironia" collectingDate="2018-08-11" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" location="Grootbos private nature reserve" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR01317" specimenCount="7" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95FA1FC9FFB2C538A" box="[1186,1273,870,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">7 specs</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="483BDD25FFD8FFE95E01FC9CFAA75375" box="[1282,1394,869,895]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Gansbaai</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BB9FC71FDF853A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BB9FC71FDF853A9" box="[186,557,904,931]" country="South Africa" municipality="Gansbaai" name="Grootbos private nature reserve" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Grootbos private nature reserve</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE9593BFC70FD0353A9" box="[568,726,905,931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE9593BFC70FD0353A9" box="[568,726,905,931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2018-08-11">11 Aug. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE959E2FC70FC9753A9" box="[737,834,905,931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectedFrom id="1BFC04A2FFD8FFE95882FC70FBDA53A8" box="[897,1039,904,931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE958A5FC71FBDA53A8" box="[934,1039,904,930]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE958A5FC71FBDA53A8" box="[934,1039,904,930]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Chironia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
sp.;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE95F45FC70FB0853A9" box="[1094,1245,905,931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR01317</specimenCode>
|
||
; ethanol coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95BBFFC55FEDD53CC" box="[188,264,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95A27FC55FBCE53CC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621388" box="[292,1051,940,966]" collectingDate="1929-01" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. E. Turner" country="South Africa" location="Worcester" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="29" specimenCount-female="13" specimenCount-male="16" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95A27FC55FEAC53CC" box="[292,377,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">16 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95A84FC55FE0F53CC" box="[391,474,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">13 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95AEAFC55FDB653CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95AEAFC55FDB653CC" box="[489,611,940,966]" country="South Africa" name="Worcester" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Worcester</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95973FC55FD3353CC" box="[624,742,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1929-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95973FC55FD3353CC" box="[624,742,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1929-01">Jan. 1929</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE959F0FC55FCAA53CC" box="[755,895,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">R.E. Turner</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE958C0FC55FBCE53CC" box="[963,1051,940,966]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95F34FC55FDC253E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621377" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. Bevins" country="South Africa" location="Table Mountain" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F34FC55FBB353CC" box="[1079,1126,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F76FC55FB7653CC" box="[1141,1187,940,966]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95FB0FC55FAA753CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95FB0FC55FAA753CC" box="[1203,1394,940,966]" country="South Africa" name="Table Mountain" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Table Mountain</location>
|
||
; 1906;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95A05FC36FEAB53E3" box="[262,382,975,1001]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">W. Bevins</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95ABCFC36FDC253E3" box="[447,535,975,1001]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE9592DFC36FAA353E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621403" box="[558,1398,975,1002]" collectingDate="1925-12-14" collectingDateMax="1925-12-28" collectingDateMin="1925-12-14" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. E. Turner" country="South Africa" location="Cape Town" municipality="Town" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE9592DFC36FD8F53E3" box="[558,602,975,1001]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE9596BFC36FD3A53E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE9596BFC36FD3A53E3" box="[616,751,975,1001]" country="South Africa" municipality="Town" name="Cape Town" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Western Cape">Cape Town</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE959F8FC36FCA153E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE959F8FC36FCA153E3" box="[763,884,975,1001]" country="South Africa" municipality="Town" name="Milnerton" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="Western Cape">Milnerton</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE9587CFC36FB9F53E0" box="[895,1098,975,1002]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1925-12-14" valueMax="1925-12-28" valueMin="1925-12-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE9587CFC36FB9F53E0" box="[895,1098,975,1002]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1925-12-14" valueMax="1925-12-28" valueMin="1925-12-14">14–28 Dec. 1925</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95F56FC36FB0B53E3" box="[1109,1246,975,1001]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">R.E. Turner</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95E1DFC36FAA353E3" box="[1310,1398,975,1001]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95BD2FC0BFBED5407" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621381" box="[209,1080,1010,1037]" collectingDate="1931-12-17" collectingDateMax="1932-01-18" collectingDateMin="1931-12-17" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. E. Turner" country="South Africa" location="Swellendam" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95BD2FC0BFED55407" box="[209,256,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95A13FC0BFE705406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95A13FC0BFE705406" box="[272,421,1010,1036]" country="South Africa" name="Swellendam" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Swellendam</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95AB0FC0BFD805406" box="[435,597,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1931-12-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95AB0FC0BFD805406" box="[435,597,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1931-12-17">17 Dec. 1931</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95966FC0BFCD55406" box="[613,768,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1932-01-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95966FC0BFCD55406" box="[613,768,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="1932-01-18">18 Jan. 1932</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE9580DFC0AFC4F5407" box="[782,922,1011,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">R.E. Turner</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE958E3FC0AFBED5407" box="[992,1080,1011,1037]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="18884D02FFD8FFE95F55FC0BFD165459" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3407621338" collectingDate="2019-10-14" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.062214" location="Helderberg Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873993" municipality="Somerset West" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" specimenCode="JHAR01367_02" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="BEE68CD6FFD8FFE95F55FC0BFB645407" box="[1110,1201,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">4 specs</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="483BDD25FFD8FFE95FBCFC0BFAA75407" box="[1215,1394,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Somerset West</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BBEFBECFDD7543A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2049F649FFD9FFEE598CFA79FD92557C:AD3F1184FFD8FFE95BBEFBECFDD7543A" box="[189,514,1045,1072]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.062214" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.873993" municipality="Somerset West" name="Helderberg Nature Reserve" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Helderberg Nature Reserve</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE9590CFBECFD735425" box="[527,678,1045,1071]" degrees="34.062212" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="-34.062214">34.062212 S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CDD42198FFD8FFE959B7FBECFC9F543A" box="[692,842,1045,1072]" degrees="18.873992" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" precision="1" value="18.873993">18.873992 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="DC5E619FFFD8FFE95858FBECFC2D5425" box="[859,1016,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2019-10-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="CC1A9877FFD8FFE95858FBECFC2D5425" box="[859,1016,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" value="2019-10-14">14 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="05152289FFD8FFE95F06FBEFFBBD543A" box="[1029,1128,1046,1072]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; sweeping
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFD8FFE95E21FBECFED55458" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Sebaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95E21FBECFED55458" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Sebaea aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="F846EF24FFD8FFE95A13FBC1FE075458" box="[272,466,1080,1106]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">JHAR01367_02</specimenCode>
|
||
; ethanol coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="CEF1DF9AFFD8FFE95975FBC0FD165459" box="[630,707,1081,1107]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFD8FFEE5BBEFB83FDD953C8" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEFB83FE9B549E" blockId="27.[189,334,1146,1172]" box="[189,334,1146,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<heading id="F317F033FFD8FFE95BBEFB83FE9B549E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1146,1172]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFD8FFE95BBEFB83FE9B549E" bold="true" box="[189,334,1146,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEFB50FE2F54C9" blockId="27.[189,506,1193,1219]" box="[189,506,1193,1219]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">BODY LENGTH. 1.8–2.0 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEFB13FD115540" blockId="27.[189,1400,1258,1355]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">COLOUR. Body integument entirely black, shiny; vestiture of elytra consisting of recumbent, elliptical, twice as long as wide, overlapping scales, pale brown with transverse shades of white scales, densely covering but not concealing the integument.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEFA8BFD825636" blockId="27.[189,1399,1394,1596]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">
|
||
HEAD. Rostrum as long as head + prothorax in lateral view, moderately and regularly downcurved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFD8FFE95BC5FA6CFEF655A5" box="[198,291,1429,1455]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,649,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-46@14.[189,1398,603,1761]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Head and prothorax in lateral view of species of Smicronyx from southern Africa (Part 2). A. Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). B. Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836), ♂, neotype (NHRS). C. Smicronyx australis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). D. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, bred from Chironia baccifera L., holotype (SAMC). E. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). F. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707959/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
), in dorsal view punctate, covered with suberect brown scales in basal ⅓–½, glabrous in apical half; transverse furrow at base of rostrum shiny, bare of scales; head capsule glabrous; eyes flat, close to each other on ventral side, separated by a distance equal to width of 2–3 ommatidia; scape of antennae straight, slightly and regularly widening apicad, clavate in apical ⅓, segment 1 of funicle elongate, as long as 2 + 3, 4–7 wider than long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEF99DFAF75700" blockId="27.[187,1399,1635,1802]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">PROTHORAX. Isodiametric (ratio w/l: 1), widest near middle of length, narrowed at apex, sides rounded; integument greatly punctuate and granulous, shiny; scales pale brown, overlapping, usually concentrated on sides, with a spot of white scales near humeri; disc usually bare of scales or with narrow scales not concealing integument, forming a broad longitudinal strip where integument remains visible; median line sometimes bearing a narrow band of brown scales, generally visible at base near scutellum.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFD8FFE95BBEF8CBFD1D5798" blockId="27.[189,1398,1841,1938]" pageId="27" pageNumber="61">ELYTRA. Sides rounded, widest near middle of length (ratio w/l: 0.76); humeri raised; striae narrow, interstriae flat, wide, integument slightly reticulate, apex of interstria 5 lacking declivital callosity; scutellum small, not visible through coating.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFEF0FD92514C" blockId="28.[189,1398,265,327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">ABDOMEN. Underside mostly covered with overlapping pale brown scales, more condensed on metasternum and metanepisterna.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFE97FE6A51C4" blockId="28.[189,1399,366,462]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">LEGS. Covered with pale brown semi-erect elongate scales; femora clavate, bearing a tiny ventral tooth usually concealed by scales; tibiae straight on external side, slightly bisinuate ventrally at basal third; claws equal in length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFE0FFDED525D" blockId="28.[189,1399,501,599]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
GENITALIA. Body of penis very short (ratio w/l: 1), 0.8× as long as apodemes, sides sub-parallel or slightly expanding from base to apex in basal ¾, converging in apical ⅓, acuminate at apex, curvature in lateral view regular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFDFFFEE5ACCFDC5FDFF525D" box="[463,554,572,599]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1611,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-13@17.[189,1398,335,1996]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5 (opposite page). Penis of Smicronyx from southern Africa, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view. A. Sharpia madibai sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). B. Afrosmicronyx cycnii sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). C. Afrosmicronyx louwi sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). D. Afrosmicronyx marshalli sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SANC). E. Afrosmicronyx nebulosipennis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (BMNH). F. Smicronyx similis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SANC). G. Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). H. Smicronyx paucisquamis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). I. Smicronyx fallax (Gyllenhal, 1836), ♂, neotype (NHRS). J. Smicronyx australis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC). K. Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864, ♂, specimen from Tanzania. L. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. M. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). N. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. O. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). P. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂, holotype (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5708001/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Fig. 5L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFD84FE65529D" blockId="28.[189,432,637,663]" box="[189,432,637,663]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="F317F033FFDFFFEE5BBEFD84FE65529D" bold="true" box="[189,432,637,663]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFD84FE65529D" bold="true" box="[189,432,637,663]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFD55FE1652E3" blockId="28.[187,1399,684,745]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Females are distinguished from males by their rostrum, which is slightly longer, and less densely covered with scales in basal ½.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFCE9FE9A5320" blockId="28.[189,335,784,810]" box="[189,335,784,810]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="F317F033FFDFFFEE5BBEFCE9FE9A5320" bold="true" box="[189,335,784,810]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFCE9FE9A5320" bold="true" box="[189,335,784,810]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Life history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFCC6FDD953C8" blockId="28.[189,1399,831,963]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5BBEFCC6FEB25353" box="[189,359,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFCC6FEB25353" box="[189,359,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Smicronyx san</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFDFFFEE5A6EFCB9FE135350" box="[365,454,832,858]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
develops on various
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE59B8FCC6FC8B5353" box="[699,862,831,857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gentianaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5865FCC6FAD45350" authority="Linnaeus, 1753" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[870,1281,831,858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5865FCC6FB915353" box="[870,1092,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Chironia baccifera</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1753
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5E08FCC6FEEA5376" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Orphium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frustescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5E08FCC6FEEA5376" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Orphium frustescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L) E. Mey., 1838,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5935FC9BFD5E5376" box="[566,651,866,892]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Sebaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5935FC9BFD5E5376" box="[566,651,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Sebaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE584AFC9AFC795376" box="[841,940,867,893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Sebaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE584AFC9AFC795376" box="[841,940,867,893]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">S. aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L. f.) Roem. & Schult. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFDFFFEE5FE4FC9BFAFA5377" box="[1255,1327,866,893]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[331,1257,278,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-12@18.[312,1276,265,1749]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 6. Habitus in natura, host plants and habitats of Smicronyx of southern Africa. A. S. fallax (Gyllenhal, 1863) on Cuscuta campestris Yunck, 1932. B. Cuscuta campestris. C. S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. on Cuscuta sp. D. Cuscuta nitida E. Mey ex Choisy, host of S. pseudocoecus sp. nov. and S. australis sp. nov. E. S. san sp. nov. on Chironia baccifera L. F. Sebaea Sol. ex R.Br. sp., host of S. san sp. nov. G. Orphium frutescens L. (E. Mey), host of S. san sp. nov. and surrounding fynbos vegetation. H. Chironia baccifera, host of S. san sp. nov. I. S. zonatus Haran, 2018, in copula. J. Orobanchaceae Vent., host of S. zonatus growing in a marshy environment at the base of Cyperaceae Juss." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707963/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E–H). Adults were collected on the ground under its host plant or by beating the plant in February, June, August, October–December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFDFFFEE5BBEFC13FCCD5439" box="[189,792,1002,1075]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFC13FE83540E" blockId="28.[189,342,1002,1028]" box="[189,342,1002,1028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="F317F033FFDFFFEE5BBEFC13FE83540E" bold="true" box="[189,342,1002,1028]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFC13FE83540E" bold="true" box="[189,342,1002,1028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFBE1FCCD5439" blockId="28.[189,792,1048,1075]" box="[189,792,1048,1075]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D0F707CFFFDFFFEE5BBEFBE1FE365438" box="[189,483,1048,1074]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A2489BDFFDFFFEE5AF1FBE0FCD85439" box="[498,781,1048,1075]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E0FA14D4FFDFFFEE5BBEFBA3FD92557C" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFBA3FEFA547E" blockId="28.[189,303,1114,1140]" box="[189,303,1114,1140]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="F317F033FFDFFFEE5BBEFBA3FEFA547E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1114,1140]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFBA3FEFA547E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1114,1140]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A85F475FFFDFFFEE5BBEFB70FD92557C" blockId="28.[186,1399,1160,1398]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5BBEFB70FEBB54A8" box="[189,366,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BBEFB70FEBB54A8" box="[189,366,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Smicronyx san</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFDFFFEE5A78FB70FE0954A9" box="[379,476,1161,1187]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
belongs morphologically to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5874FB70FB1754A9" authority="(Gyllenhal, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[887,1218,1160,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reichi">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5874FB70FC0B54A8" box="[887,990,1160,1187]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">S. reichi</emphasis>
|
||
(Gyllenhal, 1835)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC713AAEFFDFFFEE5BC6FB55FE4154CC" author="Dieckmann L." box="[197,404,1196,1222]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" pagination="279 - 285" refId="ref20285" refString="Dieckmann L. 1990. Revision der Smicronyx reichi- Gruppe. Beitrage zur Entomologie 40 (2): 279 - 285." type="journal article" year="1990">Dieckmann 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE59C8FB55FCB954CC" box="[715,876,1196,1222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gentianaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and shows a much shorter body of the penis than other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5A30FB36FE7B54E3" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1843" box="[307,430,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5A30FB36FE7B54E3" box="[307,430,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Smicronyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC713AAEFFDFFFEE5915FB36FD6254E0" author="Pericart J." box="[534,695,1231,1258]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" pagination="71 - 89" refId="ref20939" refString="Pericart J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude du Genre Smicronyx (Subgen. Smicronyx s. str.) - Revision des especes gallo-rhenanes et corses (Col. Curculionidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 126: 71 - 89." type="journal article" year="1957">Pericart 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE59C5FB36FCDF54E3" box="[710,778,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="san" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE59C5FB36FCDF54E3" box="[710,778,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">S. san</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81A72636FFDFFFEE5812FB36FCBC54E3" box="[785,873,1231,1257]" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a polymorphic species, specimens obtained from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5BFEFB0BFE3A5506" box="[253,495,1266,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Orphium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frustescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BFEFB0BFE3A5506" box="[253,495,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Orphium frustescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFDFFFEE5AFCFB0BFD8D5506" box="[511,600,1266,1292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[230,1381,734,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-107@7.[189,1398,719,1679]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus of species of Smicronychini from southern Africa (Part 2). A. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. B. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Orphium frutescens L. (E. Mey). C. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Sebaea Sol. ex R.Br. sp. D. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). E. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa.F. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). G. Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854, ♂ (CBGP), specimen from Israel. H. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂ (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707953/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) are larger and have a less dense coating than specimens developing on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5BE6FAECFE9B5525" box="[229,334,1301,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5BE6FAECFE9B5525" box="[229,334,1301,1327]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Chironia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFDFFFEE5A62FAECFE165525" box="[353,451,1301,1327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[230,1381,734,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-107@7.[189,1398,719,1679]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus of species of Smicronychini from southern Africa (Part 2). A. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. B. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Orphium frutescens L. (E. Mey). C. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Sebaea Sol. ex R.Br. sp. D. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). E. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa.F. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). G. Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854, ♂ (CBGP), specimen from Israel. H. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂ (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707953/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens obtained from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE581BFAECFCB85525" box="[792,877,1301,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Sebaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE581BFAECFCB85525" box="[792,877,1301,1327]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Sebaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a more elongate body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30DB5BDAFFDFFFEE5FD0FAECFAE55525" box="[1235,1328,1301,1327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[230,1381,734,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-107@7.[189,1398,719,1679]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus of species of Smicronychini from southern Africa (Part 2). A. Smicronyx san sp. nov., ♂, holotype (SAMC), bred from Chironia baccifera L. B. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Orphium frutescens L. (E. Mey). C. S. san sp. nov., ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen bred from Sebaea Sol. ex R.Br. sp. D. Smicronyx drakensbergensis sp. nov., ♂, holotype (TMSA). E. Smicronyx zonatus Haran, 2018, ♂, paratype (CBGP), specimen from the Western Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa.F. Smicronyx lutulentus Dietz, 1894, ♂ (CBGP). G. Smicronyx albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854, ♂ (CBGP), specimen from Israel. H. Smicronyx namibicus Haran, 2018, ♂ (MNHN), specimen from Tanzania. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5707953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5707953/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) than those on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FE03CDCFFDFFFEE5A2EFAC1FE415558" box="[301,404,1336,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Chironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5A2EFAC1FE415558" box="[301,404,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">Chironia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the sequences of the gene
|
||
<emphasis id="9A949B4DFFDFFFEE5863FAC0FC465559" box="[864,915,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="62">COI</emphasis>
|
||
revealed no genetic divergence between populations from each host plant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |