146 lines
16 KiB
XML
146 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="16D772B432D35506D5B4F1576764C7D4">A short biography of Hubert Ludwig and a note on the publication dates of his monograph Die Seewalzen (1889 – 1892)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="192A0469FFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFE62F856" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6094737" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119646628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6094737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:192A0469FFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFE62F856" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/192A0469FFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFE62F856" pageId="6">
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<subSubSection id="D999E6F4FFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFDDBF99E" pageId="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="913CB57FFFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFC64F9E4" blockId="6.[151,1010,1518,1544]" box="[151,1010,1518,1544]" pageId="6">
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<heading id="CA740213FFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFC64F9E4" bold="true" box="[151,1010,1518,1544]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFC64F9E4" bold="true" box="[151,1010,1518,1544]" pageId="6">
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFDADF9E4" authority="Ludwig, 1889" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,571,1518,1544]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bataviae">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FF67FA7DFE1CF9E4" bold="true" box="[151,394,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria bataviae</emphasis>
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Ludwig, 1889
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FD88FA7DFC64F9E4" authority="Ludwig, 1891" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1891" box="[632,1010,1518,1544]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FD88FA7DFCD4F9E4" bold="true" box="[632,834,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria kurti</emphasis>
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Ludwig, 1891
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="913CB57FFFA8FFC4FF67F9A6FDDBF99E" blockId="6.[151,1436,1589,1978]" pageId="6">
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Unfortunately, Ludwig introduced two
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FD9BF9A5FC92F9A1" box="[619,772,1590,1613]" italics="true" pageId="6">nomina nova</emphasis>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FCB1F9A6FB46F9A2" authority="Sluiter, 1889" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1889" box="[833,1232,1589,1614]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lamperti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FCB1F9A6FBBDF9A2" box="[833,1067,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria lamperti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FBC9F9A6FB46F9A2" author="Sluiter" box="[1081,1232,1589,1614]" pageId="6" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1889) Nachtragliches uber die Echinodermen Fauna des Java-Meeres. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 49 [1890], 105 - 110, 1 pl. [= Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie (8 th Serie), 10]" type="journal article" year="1889">Sluiter, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[non
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FAEFF9A6FE3FF99E" authority="Ludwig, 1886" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1886" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lamperti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FAEFF9A6FF60F99E" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria lamperti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FF0DF9CAFE3FF99E" author="Ludwig" box="[253,425,1625,1650]" pageId="6" refString="Ludwig, H. (1886 a) Die von G. Chierchia auf der Fahrt der Kgl. Ital. Corvette " Vettor Pisani " gesammelten Holothurien. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Zeitschrift fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 2 (II), 1 - 36, pls. I - II." type="journal article" year="1886" yearSuffix="a">Ludwig, 1886a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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] (see
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<tableCitation id="DC0180C4FFA8FFC4FE1BF9CAFDA9F99E" box="[491,575,1625,1650]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 3. Pagination of the taxa introduced in Ludwig's Die Seewalzen (1889 – 1892)." pageId="6">Table 3</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D999E6F4FFA8FFC4FF37F9EEFE62F856" pageId="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="913CB57FFFA8FFC4FF37F9EEFE62F856" blockId="6.[151,1436,1589,1978]" pageId="6">
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FF37F9EEFE3AF97A" box="[199,428,1661,1686]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bataviae">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FF37F9EEFE3AF97A" box="[199,428,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria bataviae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was erected by Ludwig on page 174 (footnote) (= fascicles 5/6 of Ludwig
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<date id="E53D93BFFFA8FFC4FAFAF9EDFA12F97A" box="[1290,1412,1662,1686]" pageId="6" value="1889" valueMax="1892">1889-1892</date>
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= Ludwig 1889), but is probably a
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FDEFF931FD5AF955" box="[543,716,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="6">forgotten name</emphasis>
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since it is missing for instance in the
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FB66F932FAECF956" box="[1174,1402,1697,1722]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiidae" genus="Ankyroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Molpadida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="annotated" subSpecies="catalogue">annotated catalogue</taxonomicName>
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of Holothuroidea by
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FE93F956FDE8F932" author="Smiley" box="[355,638,1733,1758]" pageId="6" refString="Smiley, S. & Pawson, D. L. (1991) An annotated catalogue of the holothurians. [Unpublished manuscript]. Institute of Arctic Biology, Fairbanks, Alas. & National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C., 184 pp." type="book" year="1991">Smiley & Pawson (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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or in the
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FD19F956FBF4F931" box="[745,1122,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="6">World Register of Marine Species</emphasis>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FB14F956FA0AF932" box="[1252,1436,1733,1758]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FB14F956FA0AF932" box="[1252,1436,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria kurti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(introduced by Ludwig in a footnote on page 329 = fascicle 13/14 of Ludwig
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<date id="E53D93BFFFA8FFC4FBF7F979FB16F8EE" box="[1031,1152,1770,1794]" pageId="6" value="1889" valueMax="1892">1889-1892</date>
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= Ludwig 1891b) on the other hand gained acceptance to replace
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FDAFF89EFC02F8CA" authority="Sluiter" authorityName="Sluiter" box="[607,916,1805,1830]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lamperti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FDAFF89EFCD7F8CA" box="[607,833,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="6">Holothuria lamperti</emphasis>
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Sluiter
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FC2BF89EFB12F8CA" author="Meissner" box="[987,1156,1805,1830]" pageId="6" refString="Meissner, M. (1895) Bericht uber die wissenschaftlichen Leistungen in der Naturgeschichte der Echinodermen wahrend des Jahres 1891. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 58 (II) [3], 115 - 150." type="journal article" year="1895">Meissner 1895</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FB60F89EFA01F8CA" author="Koehler" box="[1168,1431,1805,1830]" pageId="6" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1908) An account of the littoral Holothurioidea collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator / Holothuries recueillies par l'Investigator dans l'Ocean Indien. II. Les Holothuries littorales. In: Echinoderma of the Indian Museum. Holothurioidea. Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, iv + 54 pp., 3 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1730" type="book" year="1908">Koehler & Vaney 1908</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FF67F8A2FEB0F8A6" author="Sluiter" box="[151,294,1841,1866]" pageId="6" refString="Sluiter, C. P. (1914) Die von Dr. P. N. van Kampen, wahrend seiner Fahrten mit dem Regierungsdampfer " Gier ", 1906 - 1909, im Indischen Archipel gesammelten Holothurien. Contributions a la faune des Indes Neerlandaises, 1 (1), 1 - 28, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1914">Sluiter 1914</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FEC4F8A1FD9AF8A6" author="Samyn" box="[308,524,1841,1866]" pageId="6" refString="Samyn, Y., Kerr, A., O'Loughlin, M., Massin, C., Pawson, D. L., Rowe, F. W. E., Smiley, S., Solis-Marin, F., Thandar, A. S., VandenSpiegel, D. & Paulay, G. (2010) Using sea cucumbers to illustrate the basics of zoological nomenclature. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin, 30, 33 - 40." type="journal article" year="2010">
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Samyn
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FE7BF8A1FE50F8A6" box="[395,454,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="6">et al.</emphasis>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Lately Liao Yulin thought that
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FC77F8A1FB1FF8A6" authority="Ludwig, 1891" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1891" box="[903,1161,1841,1866]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FC77F8A1FC76F8A6" box="[903,992,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="6">H. kurti</emphasis>
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Ludwig, 1891
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</taxonomicName>
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is probably a young
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FA71F8A1FDA1F89D" authority="Liao 1980" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1980" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ocellata" subGenus="Theelothuria">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FA71F8A1FE36F89E" italics="true" pageId="6">H. (Theelothuria) ocellata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FE44F8CAFDA6F89D" author="Liao" box="[436,560,1881,1906]" pageId="6" refString="Liao, Yulin (1980) The Aspidochirote holothurians of China with erection of a new genus. In: Jangoux, M. (Ed.), Echinoderms: Present and Past. Proceedings of the European Colloquim on Echinoderms. Brussels / 3 - 8 September 1979. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 115 - 120." type="journal article" year="1980">Liao 1980</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, other authors placed this species in the subgenus
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FB7DF8C9FAD4F89E" box="[1165,1346,1881,1906]" italics="true" pageId="6">
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H. (
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FB4BF8CAFAACF89E" box="[1211,1338,1881,1906]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Holothuria</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FA71F8C9FE89F87A" italics="true" pageId="6">H. (Metriatyla)</emphasis>
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(cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FEACF8EDFDC2F87A" author="Rowe" box="[348,596,1917,1942]" pageId="6" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. CSIRO Australia, Melbourne, xiii + 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
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).] Presently,
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<taxonomicName id="5683CEFCFFA8FFC4FD1CF8EDFC62F879" authority="Ludwig, 1891" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1891" box="[748,1012,1917,1942]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurti">
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FD1CF8EDFCD1F87A" box="[748,839,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="6">H. kurti</emphasis>
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Ludwig, 1891
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</taxonomicName>
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is considered to be a species of
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<emphasis id="A3F7696DFFA8FFC4FA71F8EDFEACF856" italics="true" pageId="6">H. (Theelothuria)</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F512C88EFFA8FFC4FEB8F832FE7EF856" author="Paulay" box="[328,488,1953,1978]" pageId="6" refString="Paulay, G. (2014 b) Holothuria (Theelothuria) kurti Ludwig, 1891. Available from: World Register of Marine Species at http: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = taxdetails & id = 724874 (accessed date 0 3 2015)." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">Paulay 2014b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |