1344 lines
216 KiB
XML
1344 lines
216 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DE109A7BE0D0F7881975AEF6BE902F41">Contributions to the taxonomy of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in the Neotropical region, with comments on the morphology of the chelicerae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FA9EC7620889715A04D5CDED7503628D">Castanheira, Pedro de Souza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="63E9237CB48650961BA6E1C2F47A2499">Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F066E8639E5B501B87C61642843AC65">Pizzetti, Daniela Dos Passos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FB9FB4F373AFD5C0ABBE80EDEE25E813">Teixeira, Renato Augusto</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="14137CC410E35456A1EFC549B6F1C9AA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159834639" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:14137CC410E35456A1EFC549B6F1C9AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/14137CC410E35456A1EFC549B6F1C9AA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" scope_family="Tetragnathidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="482DA3A0C510910DEB2CE1C58745182C" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6280D3954655107379670FB918C9ECDE" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
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<taxonomicName id="122305B8F710F7A3773E61161C08E2D9" ID-CoL="55M92" LSID="14137CC4-10E3-5456-A1EF-C549B6F1C9AA" authority="Keyserling, 1865" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1865" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865</taxonomicName>
|
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<figureCitation id="92A30182307D5286787F348E716B8D99" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4BFB13F385C50B4BFC2D19B0D6941569" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="88036C5A6100CE1E2A7DAE9899001E12" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="37803FC09575D47144CEB987CF20EDA2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 labels. A. T. bogotensis from Taquara, Brazil (NHM); B. T. bogotensis from Bogota, Colombia (NHM); C. T. ramboi syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467); D. T. bemalcuei holotype from Paraguay (NMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="339F56F5D3E4CADCA5800CFEAE165DDF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Embolous and conductor tip detail, dorsal view, SEM photos. A. T. bogotensis (MCTP 4299); B. T. elongata (MCTP 43306 ex 0370); C. T. keyserlingi (MCTP 43319 ex 6944); D. T. mandibulata (SMF 1356); E. T. nitens (MACN 2252); F. T. vermiformis (MCTP 43339 ex 1133). Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A, B, C, E, F); 0.02 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349446" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="038F518DF2526CCCFF4B0888607D5790" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">
|
||
21
|
||
<normalizedToken id="51D2EF4D2497C1F4DFCE53AC23E03983" originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="68CCB23C727243BAC00012EA14CFC66D" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Records of the material we analysed (circles), including the type localities of Neotropical junior synonyms cited in the text (stars and triangles). A. Tetragnatha bogotensis; B. Tetragnatha elongata; C. Tetragnatha keyserlingi (excluding Haiti); D. Tetragnatha mandibulata; E. Tetragnatha nitens; F. Tetragnatha vermiformis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349448" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure22">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9D8BE5A8475B543E52B8B994137A0732" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="E4A9788E74EF5B5224F73B3C040E1F24" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D25075398D9B3096A9121B237EA473D" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">Tetragnatha bogotensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C50EFA673ED6F64778DF73A4EBDA4576" author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="799 - 856" refId="B40" refString="Keyserling, E, 1865. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799 - 856" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr." volume="15" year="1865">Keyserling 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 854, pl. 21, fig. 5 (♀).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="57251052E1CAFE1C15AB056EB7CBA23A" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA43309A166520657C9440F92473B0A2" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha andina" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andina">Tetragnatha andina</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taczanowski 1878: 144, pl. 1, fig. 2 (♀);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="10EBB32288DEC0BF0D899326CC9E75EB" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 291 (removed from syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6C90EFC953ECB813F96BAEA28D13717" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">T. nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4E7B143FE1F322D9B546319EEFBF172B" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BE5E33CEB9D027CD91D3CEC6275B54" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha boydi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boydi">Tetragnatha boydi</taxonomicName>
|
||
O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C9D23F34BFC64404E6C08D3995FC1D7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" author="Pickard-Cambridge, O" editor="Dixey, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B63" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O, Dixey, F, Burr, M, Pickard-Cambridge, O, 1898. N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" title="N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66 (3)" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" year="1898">Pickard-Cambridge 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 389, pl. 31, fig. 4 (♀) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="82E89D3C7D51592C1BE259655D2B5537" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC3AF97B1E43F98AC7B4E2FE476B6585" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha peninsulana" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peninsulana">Tetragnatha peninsulana</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70E5489C21FC57D4F1325D8686D8CB8A" author="Banks, N" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="205 - 309" refId="B7" refString="Banks, N, 1898. Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 3: 205 - 309" title="Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico." volume="3" year="1898">Banks 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 246, pl. 15, fig. 12 (♂ ♀);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9586A88CA641E2E98FBEF338738402EA" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 291 (removed from syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0688D27B2EABF6DDFA70C997BD50A92" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">T. nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) syn nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9CA57B24A425192F99830C5D896E7B01" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79C6D26236CA17217CFFEC62C0C786D0" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha praedator" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedator">Tetragnatha praedator</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A822A76F80C9B7BF775610FE3D60A017" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" author="Tullgren, A" editor="Yngve, S" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" refId="B79" refString="Tullgren, A, Yngve, S, 1910. Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20(6). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" title="Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20 (6)" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" year="1910">Tullgren 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 147, pl. 3, fig. 69 (♂)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C50D6CDA0FEABB0041D92541CA7F4BD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB0C01D63E252DC06A19889AD7F864F2" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha mandibulata" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="mandibulata" subspecies="bidentata">Tetragnatha mandibulata bidentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="70E95DD8E8228E454CD7C48BB0789847" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.1478" author="Gravely, FH" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="423 - 459" refId="B35" refString="Gravely, FH, 1921. Some Indian spiders of the subfamily Tetragnathinae. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 22: 423 - 459" title="Some Indian spiders of the subfamily Tetragnathinae." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.1478" volume="22" year="1921">Gravely 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 442, fig. 3c, f (♂ ♀).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10DC95C9579E737CBDC1AB48A786304B" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B77C43CC8ADFFD033F926FE41D53E106" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha eremita" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eremita">Tetragnatha eremita</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="05B9B1AB18F2D91CCAEFAD96A0A85627" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.63-2481.1" author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B19" refString="Chamberlin, RV, 1924. Descriptions of new American and Chinese spiders, with notes on other Chinese species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 63: 1 - 38" title="Descriptions of new American and Chinese spiders, with notes on other Chinese species." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.63-2481.1" volume="63" year="1924">Chamberlin 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 645, figs 89, 90 (♂);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A25256FB7FF93F2723DADE2DA80A523" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292 (removed from syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F50E763276096D0BE4FE833DF3199B25" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">T. nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="12D8C86FC76BF5C3CACE6792EB86672A" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47685E18E40B6E11E7F40C798E473929" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">Tetragnatha nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="160DF5BB5C937DB9432EF868E7B6FE3E" author="Lawrence, RF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B43" refString="Lawrence, RF, 1927. Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 1 - 75" title="Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida." volume="25" year="1927">Lawrence 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 27, pl. 3, fig. 61, pl. 4, fig. 77 (♂ ♀ misidentified).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4B5E7AFA705DAAEE7F734AEDEE25F681" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AB2D619D3DA7F395C6424114BB84A51" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bemalcuei" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemalcuei">Tetragnatha bemalcuei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38881A6B34C52FFCE1EC11A72BE49C59" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.117928" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="43 - 93" refId="B49" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1939. Araignees americaines du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Bale. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 46: 43 - 93" title="Araignees americaines du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Bale." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.117928" volume="46" year="1939">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="17A1FDEAE690F86C85C6F11F6841F7AD" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
1939
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 67, figs 42-44 (♀) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2ECC06E36B3B46DEFA0EFFBCB8C659C2" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BC8A2E4A03771C2A5D55862DFF459B4" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha ramboi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramboi">Tetragnatha ramboi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="642CF8FB5F75D176EB28E0A41964838D" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 245" refId="B50" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1943. Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 37: 147 - 245" title="Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul." volume="37" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="55D0493631B8EAB288C9A18BA6C099BE" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
1943
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 193, fig. 24, 24a, b (♂) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E7BB4D87DF19A6E6F10C27DED7A84F5D" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DDF1EB1B83EC3D2B77B391666476C17" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha haitiensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haitiensis">Tetragnatha haitiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE387956D29CD722D1E44EC7EA4C516F" author="Bryant, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="357 - 422" refId="B15" refString="Bryant, EB, 1945. The Argiopidae of Hispaniola. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 95: 357 - 422" title="The Argiopidae of Hispaniola." volume="95" year="1945">Bryant 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 408, fig. 37 (♀);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B71B0768B927DD4790ED51E030AC4136" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292 (removed from syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC9905606D9CBAA1CDAA8A891CEBDC3" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">T. nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5319C7A110D73BE4213320291BD6E3C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B3F3783D2597809ED6DBCA45566622" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">Tetragnatha nitens kullmanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA72A9A16EF99891ED027AF374EA913A" author="Wiehle, H" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" pagination="377 - 383" refId="B82" refString="Wiehle, H, 1962. Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 43: 377 - 383" title="Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae)." volume="43" year="1962">Wiehle 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 379, figs 1-5, 6b, 9-11, 14, 15 (♂ ♀);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="34FA183959B0BF9D47E61F5F8E3F395B" author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 619" refId="B85" refString="Wunderlich, J, 1992. Die Spinnen-Fauna der Makaronesischen Inseln: Taxonomie, Oekologie, Biogeographie und Evolution. Beitraege zur Araneologie 1: 1 - 619" title="Die Spinnen-Fauna der Makaronesischen Inseln: Taxonomie, Oekologie, Biogeographie und Evolution." volume="1" year="1992">Wunderlich 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 365 (removed from syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="494BCAA60E5541BFFE10AF63816AD91F" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitens">T. nitens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) syn nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="235C78BF4C9D7AE5D729AF751FB1F4B5" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF75E2B3037C1301D3CB1B7E1211C32F" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha infuscata" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infuscata">Tetragnatha infuscata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D456403E89A6D49AAC43EDF258CE0FE" author="Benoit, PLG" journalOrPublisher="Revue Zoologique Africaine" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="663 - 674" refId="B12" refString="Benoit, PLG, 1978. Contributions a l'etude de la faune terrestre des iles granitiques de l'archipel des Sechelles (Mission P.L.G. Benoit - J.J. Van Mol 1972). Tetragnathidae et Araneidae-Nephilinae (Araneae). Revue Zoologique Africaine 92: 663 - 674" title="Contributions a l'etude de la faune terrestre des iles granitiques de l'archipel des Sechelles (Mission P. L. G. Benoit - J. J. Van Mol 1972). Tetragnathidae et Araneidae-Nephilinae (Araneae)." volume="92" year="1978">Benoit 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 667, fig. 2D, E (♂);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A612A1A973C35317B809D9A5F964333C" author="Saaristo, MI" journalOrPublisher="Phelsuma" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="13 - 28" refId="B67" refString="Saaristo, MI, 2003. Tetragnathid spiders of Seychelles (Araneae, Tetragnathidae). Phelsuma 11: 13 - 28" title="Tetragnathid spiders of Seychelles (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)." volume="11" year="2003">Saaristo 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 23, figs 21A, B, 25 (syn. with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88304DB97BBE91C21429D0A4CF959A74" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. boydi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boydi">T. boydi</taxonomicName>
|
||
rejected, see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C435CABEF6434DBA4D330B38E739E8E1" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. mandibulata" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandibulata">T. mandibulata</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B88DF997CEFC901176255A7AE7F70ACE" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0A00EED0DFE7DBD4C06D44115C3901AD" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha boydi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="boydi" subspecies="praedator">Tetragnatha boydi praedator</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4AE539ED8FC3C1D69E836E2C21E2AA90" author="Schmidt, G" journalOrPublisher="Arachnologisches Magazin" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 11" refId="B70" refString="Schmidt, G, Krause, RH, 1993. Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II. Arachnologisches Magazin 1: 3 - 11" title="Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II." volume="1" year="1993">Schmidt and Krause 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 6, fig. 5 (♂ ♀) syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="558A74C02466C0E924DB48775DBFF9BD" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="623E2364F03433B4D381AF1FFDCC6075" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CCCA181EFAF453834FBC37EA3C1E2929" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4AFD8C2FA6E557D41AB142F393B8602" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F729D0F0739F0A65D426474779724B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: COLOMBIA: ♀♀ syntypes, "Nova Granada" [surely
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE122038382C538A41F324BDB98C9BC5" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
], 1859-1863? Alexander Lindig leg., not located, probably lost.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2CBB7D8F67D47075D0D245F9B9CCE429" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha andina" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andina">
|
||
<emphasis id="D530AD67AE70EDE455381181240BBCEB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha andina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: PERU: ♂♂, ♀♀ syntypes, "Amable Maria" [surely province of Tarma, region of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9688E152C3A4CCBD9BF9C337FCBDE18E" originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
|
||
] (38 syntypes, Coll. K. Jelski, MIZ 225346-225446), examined (photos).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CD4FA088207C842059DE8644A0A4221" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha boydi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8BE2D54A3709552F7F0AC02DD61D831" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: YEMEN: ♀ syntype, Socotra, not located.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9231D40C6B66846257694C77760BE689" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha peninsulana" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peninsulana">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B4AFD6CF6BA8B11EE8A1097F3FF310A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha peninsulana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: MEXICO: ♂♂ (CAS), ♀♀ (MCZ 22587) syntypes: San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="693828F95EB820EBF5CF298AAEAF6310" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Cabo, Baja California Sur, females examined (photos), males destroyed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7244B73D7283070074CF3957541C29FE" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6407D3FE9D1A12BA1A194B81A97B111D" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha praedator" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B0E93739E0C8EA1AD0FC94619EA361" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: KENYA: 4♂, syntypes (NHRS JUST000000671-672), Kilimandjaro and Meru, examined (photos).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E054C9A9D992F785E59579DCE3022133" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha eremita" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eremita">
|
||
<emphasis id="945560AA32877323F7D1C857E38789BB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha eremita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: MEXICO: ♂ holotype, Baja California, Puerto Escondido, Arroyo de Escondido (Coll. J. C. Chamberlin, 14.vi.1921, male pedipalp in MCZ 15283, labeled RVC 1111; whole specimen in CAS 1430), examined (photos of CAS 1430); ♀ paratype, same data as holotype (MCZ 25228), examined (photos).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B68EF7DDFCBA2425090BEBFDE4C3F5D8" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bemalcuei" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemalcuei">
|
||
<emphasis id="01DCA5C9DA2E8712BCFD697DC5B75E6F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bemalcuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: PARAGUAY: ♀ holotype,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D40217130D520D47B981DA385520B6C5" originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Coll. C. Ternetz, 1895, NMB-ARAN 01092a), examined (photos).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1F463DAE75C2C7C0DD2D46928C69D69" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha ramboi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramboi">
|
||
<emphasis id="AC3FEBFD5B01CE130F9E41C1AA844FCB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha ramboi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: BRAZIL: ♂, lectotype, Rio Grande do Sul (Coll. Father
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CFE79A8853CF0648E1714C7577487DF5" originalValue="Balduíno">Balduino</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rambo, MNRJ 42467), examined.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5F361B40D52557E01DF7E927B70DB143" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha haitiensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haitiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A941BB78BF22266378E3B1C116EA6C45" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha haitiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: HAITI: ♀ holotype,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="300ADAC181A451C40BCE9589C54A7186" originalValue="“Hispaniola”">"Hispaniola"</normalizedToken>
|
||
[Ennery] (Coll. P. J. Darlington Jr., 07.vii.1934, MCZ 21516), examined (photos).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF438010857CE1E649A42DE5C20A91AF" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha nitens" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EF806F5804003B7500888E021BA5A30" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha nitens kullmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: ITALY: ♂, holotype (SMF 12741), 2♀, 1 immature, paratypes (SMF 12742), Sardinia, Oliena (E. Kullmann leg.), not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C710BDB1D9610C3CC9947715081B82D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" type="extended diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="5BD7AA7877309EB70961AC422C4AC69C" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Extended diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A83E41CD97B5A48DA2EE65E388496881" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC64E6F066448174BE7126127A052ABC" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EB8331FDE9261FA332B221FE596500D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFA23D037DE088DBED469E44A66AF020" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4654FC74F54E8C54563F9CBD49D9F2A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Audouin, 1826) and share chelicerae with an elongated
|
||
<normalizedToken id="319D2B359B50BA1F6D7120D26052269B" originalValue="‘a’">'a'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and AXu and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B633DF097FE5B905F54A702F82315159" originalValue="‘t’">'t'</normalizedToken>
|
||
extremely elongated and distally bent. AXu and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="598BDA01CB3E6DDC98021433BD20C8F0" originalValue="‘t’">'t'</normalizedToken>
|
||
differ as follows: thick and triangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32921F882B148B48F8E8F33D6A49BA7F" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2C254AEA36655870B145F26FAF7A8471" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="614278895BB1515220FE2D7A2BE496C2" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2C2C258DA3BC68EF985D4FDE667392FC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but thinner and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EB21623E3F38642746B9D5C5A9BA0467" originalValue="‘t’">'t'</normalizedToken>
|
||
sickle-like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="649756724E2DB5C10AC53E81F71B6BC4" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCE7B810D422A2C3CB2140BEE7ED41C6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="2210E15194174EDB55181B88BF83A5C7" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">Figs 14C, D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="909B16125ED93B1412FB78FCB8E1A3C0" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gu longer, sharper, straight and larger than U2 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AE5C26F83F8457A0553B9F581ED27E2" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4D13724C57AD13702203C0E9AB8B074D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E688346F5EB72CD482D3EAC88679594C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FF9BB9594EACBF965984FE99D4E9562" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
) while it is shorter than U2 and slightly curved downward in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BD853B9A928299E992527F1CE621A38" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C786E4629B04CF7398C271333D6622FB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="3D60E35DC02E9EB22439BBBF05EEF48E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">Figs 14C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="55750EE4A839F3414EDDC252518542AC" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palps share medium-sized conductors without pleats (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A31D6506135D8076FEF4D7EA20E11DF0" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="665C17630D1A8F8A3CEA52F79449DEA3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="AB29451995E4A539FD8F3B462AD55BC1" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">14G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DBCE98728434DB4B355569D8E968DE2D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="760C211352AB0A8C961A59FCA7C8DBFB" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0135C31255767A4910ABA17629DB44AF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
palps differ by shorter tibias (ca 3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D30AE493AF96A682C712DD0FDE5883D5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1C74D26447A3ECD85EA287A883F2A161" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">
|
||
Figs 1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="90EA13778553DAFA7DF47BD6784D9DFE" originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26A2561CE6222B4A1E9EBA96EA80375C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), conductors not twisted at their distal halves, with completely folded apexes enclosing the emboli tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="726A14B37A0077B8D8257002C52DD744" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="B20F6A48CC444376BB10DD3461B41725" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="A01D59B9AB89D33B68FF7D982791DABF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Embolous and conductor tip detail, dorsal view, SEM photos. A. T. bogotensis (MCTP 4299); B. T. elongata (MCTP 43306 ex 0370); C. T. keyserlingi (MCTP 43319 ex 6944); D. T. mandibulata (SMF 1356); E. T. nitens (MACN 2252); F. T. vermiformis (MCTP 43339 ex 1133). Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A, B, C, E, F); 0.02 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349446" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and longer paracymbia, overreaching the upper border of teguli, each bearing deeper notch, resulting in an elongated tip of the paracymbium proper, and thinner and relatively narrow translucent lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E518565445FB25D3BAE4395B64FFD8DF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1I, K</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F553CDDB2DB420E8F93BCADFC89ACAA1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A32B896955D6A47E5FE535B6B06DE5A2" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFDFB07F13032693A6357D50D9EDC605" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, palps have longer and thinner tibias (almost 4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D30306C5EF962DD941A123AC54BB7683" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6A32A74F6B66FABC950280071D2AEB4C" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">
|
||
Figs 14
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9ABBC8DDC18CA0347320FA9054017518" originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="8BA9BE083E0D09BA1B746BF143089419" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16E</figureCitation>
|
||
), conductors twisted in distal half with their apexes rounded and excavated, exposing the emboli tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CC350673A5F036196F824FBA2ADEC9EF" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">Figs 14G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3D529738ADA6B6C4CCD8281ED3557A4E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">
|
||
16
|
||
<normalizedToken id="83070BE3CDD3E7DAF20E72E5A7F57272" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3B6217A163492158A7335FB3F0C9554B" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Embolous and conductor tip detail, dorsal view, SEM photos. A. T. bogotensis (MCTP 4299); B. T. elongata (MCTP 43306 ex 0370); C. T. keyserlingi (MCTP 43319 ex 6944); D. T. mandibulata (SMF 1356); E. T. nitens (MACN 2252); F. T. vermiformis (MCTP 43339 ex 1133). Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A, B, C, E, F); 0.02 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349446" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20">20E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and shorter paracymbia that do not reach the upper border of teguli, with expanded and very wide translucent lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3F56402AD392991FA76DAAEB80DBB971" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), male (MCTP 1426). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C-F. Left chelicera: C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-J. Left male palp: G. Mesal view. H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view (paracymbium); J. Paracymbium detail, ventral view. Scale bars, 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F); 0.5 mm (G, H, I); 0.2 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349439" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure14">Figs 14I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="572BE76702732792779A2290971898B4" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The epiandrous field is straight, with 19 fusules, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47324A3F6C484E233CB704D0368A5E8A" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6418E044BBBD50BF2AD75FFD0CD1C9D3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="411A53DDC6C74D5F88D9DF0D0EAA8C38" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
) but arched and smaller, with only 15 fusules, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98986C828C6F83601DD9CF1CE8941A8B" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="994E5A02634D2B3C8B7F87159F8A7CE1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="D7A6510C61A345C610F7A6B989F10171" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1D810E2BDFC1A2644F58D7435E694552" doi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph id="5C41C301E6E20EAFFCAFAEFD37E19712" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="459A06A2AFFEA60A98EA84C16AEB1E26" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB8BA34B9FF519A12174D1120006D6A5" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D076E6C054E7AC527291AA8A10293FB4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035).
|
||
<emphasis id="C7535AA787E4B9F221D5585DD5FCB56A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus;
|
||
<emphasis id="4BE02279F2F55962F57602C3E32C6125" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral habitus;
|
||
<emphasis id="D9063E566800933AD770F03C24AA9E4B" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Chelicerae upper row and eyes;
|
||
<emphasis id="DA0F947EED3A6D38FF16E54C076DA0AF" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Chelicerae lower row and maxilla;
|
||
<emphasis id="6FB20B913D6836CA65210AE2666B6494" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84A7981649406E5FF95345E23A60F3E4" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Left chelicera:
|
||
<emphasis id="C9D803DAE2F9921E38ABD2A535525C9C" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Upper view;
|
||
<emphasis id="FD757F2EAE539275FBC95C023EC9A856" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Inner view;
|
||
<emphasis id="C85FE655173A0B90CC35F72169A09A6D" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Lower view;
|
||
<emphasis id="641479477A601645BFAA25282DB5819D" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Outer view;
|
||
<emphasis id="DFC51DB46D7B7E9AC6DE3F627E891BEA" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="831A628B6029256A965931DCAE8B3ACB" originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Left male palp:
|
||
<emphasis id="792F6DAE958547E13D4EC13C76B5D7C8" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">I.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="130C9E5983EBB3C327330B2A7CC20B22" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="3722150220D94137225F56E66F229477" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">K.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="093C470911F6E8BD39DA7F98A22EEE7A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="2F9ECF695E2573741F7532DE20849AF0" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">C, D, E, F, G, H</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB07ADF482D2AD5C9B919C3AB1EEDB2" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">I, J, K</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="14F769F0FB59472F17D78B166BF6AD0E" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
Females are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F23378952C872EB0430ABD21BA8A6B1" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="639F4E552E79732AE89162BA2B23B0F7" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DFFCCB52E33C9AA352231BF16A8C70" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7BA77953B14893CDC345CAF43D089EF6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walckenaer, 1841, sharing: bulky body, wide and pointed at the terminal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="85C6DD06D6AF32EE7C075AAB66CC278D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="43805885D2A72B3E7F0158F8B8613107" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">
|
||
12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84B121D0B284D69237B2E8035DB6A159" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="22D32304D857D5042E40D799304D14FD" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and elongate genital fold (
|
||
<figureCitation id="88A4D23A2CAD63AE8449B2B8EC49AB51" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7077630FF06EC645F0519B42B04077B3" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C8092EA9CFD91ACED518DD013CEEA4B7" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Their chelicerae also bear an evident basal cusp (BC) in the fang (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3434AA3F62182AF076DBD79691F13C61" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7117B5EDE87E4E2F1DDFD1D9AF376B01" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">
|
||
12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B736A428DC774D4FC359A78CF3D8BA54" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="833DFD4A3EAF6189F546CC39D59BA18B" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FF9CFEC53BAC564E8D96CD51EEB7DC1B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">
|
||
15D,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A00217C8A3539ECBFFB1E4EFEFCEDCB" originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7CC3A218D9733C40DF8010E3C5544BA3" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
), Gu elongated and not contiguous to U2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8355A371CD92A3C68390C69113647050" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B5B930B3CD46F2044EC7B6CF716DDF80" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B467E04599DD6A3A609CEA1131FCA19" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CE7C5627D3DE7E0C76E709C450424D77" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D18F2E6EEAE3153B2350D02F66FD4ED7" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
); Gl large and pointed distalward, followed by smaller L2 and L3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30A3D337980DECC8ECB94821E70BCD3A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D6C55A32934A526199F2BD6DBCC25AD5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="640A1630A145606681D22D72AF508534" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2C21093D960DA50FCAD25AAAFDDE7E3E" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F9685B1577508A131411EFE9189B4097" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15D, F, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B57A5BF414E9EA04835981507EBCFA0" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A320F3D41EBC07482CC36B29C9547113" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C0AD41A7678BF557B96D343A293112E4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62B02ECB2390C87C43AF71940B8A7C04" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="32EAF450BE270B56BFCE102151E86A16" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="684AB8BE00253032F5EA6A6A1D711F2B" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="808F427BA240786042A46B44E687FC12" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by distinct bulky AXl, which are elongated, pointed and with large bases, clearly visible and overreaching the claws even in upper view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ED0495F06DDD33B7FBE4FA6904DFE4D8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">
|
||
Figs 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B5794121D73AF46C5FE44943D91CD8ED" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="530A79D51F6E2D30607C006B4CB32584" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9B2E58B6FCA21E85EE870988F0F34E30" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">
|
||
12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3F559222E25456D2A78E3992D1518B7C" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D96B74EA711E88547BF1A69CEBD93C49" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F458418313D2D4DF0D272E3EB46558" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D0BC5F6CF8CAE85495A457F7E5C0E4D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is short and not pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="88E00D7CC38E2A5FE08930912A43A922" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">
|
||
Figs 15
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6A17C29C90F2BE437CECD4F85EA8D982" originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5942B5C2FFC2E75F50CAAED05887A1B3" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A3236DE2BF6AA107BCD6BC580F670941" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A02945B72C515B0013FAD8F68FBF3886" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06B9660AA07F8CA2471DE98C2E184D8B" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFDECC421AB762B74A7E7CEB107C3EDD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differ by the conspicuous bulge (CB) in the area between both rows (
|
||
<figureCitation id="25129F744B9BBDBFDDB4A80B07F1636F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="439B02CC4E7B08582822F3BC78E99E8F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EAEB051324E8029B136D75A5D2F39F5" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="36E79F327813813318FAEFB3D693DA28" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EAF249A5402AB5C521D26F4AFDD96AD3" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFA4E89A4F0C000C1E391BDFEB4427DF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62472BCB56DD843D2A9C76D6045DE480" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="96AFD45A39930189CEEB19837DBD8AA2" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
chelicerae can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="154E352A2E3C8C9EB1DF085640DB8854" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6F5B37FFBB40515B63CCEA496BB326C" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following characters: more robust basal cusp (BC), placed at the middle line of the lower side of the claw, compared to a smaller BC, displaced towards the outer face of the claw (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08FA3FC79ED28796B9C54BD06FAF71B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="54B2E46B61263E1E61559B3F4D210597" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">
|
||
3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="85A6F95E75BAE2F027E3E2BD740D5C40" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="AB4E576982939F08CBEC0FA379415356" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">
|
||
12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5EF52EEAF5D9EBAAF94F88EC20E698D" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2FC2140A45E49AC6B07C50268301161E" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); Gu straight with a large basis, being separated from U2 by a wide and deep furrow, versus both teeth not quite spaced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BCB63E3237B97D3231C50691E058AD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="61DD2BEF43895C23DB766FA5E5E10705" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9EF0B1E1A9416DE51B709A47BC4ECC53" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CB40B4FF254CF1585352250C6D535471" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C</figureCitation>
|
||
); AXl bulkier, with much larger basis, compared to a thinner and shorter tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0A7A578AFE23E805019CDEB30EBD628B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">
|
||
Figs 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BF9A9825E1EEB028B7224EBD0623D13" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="27C29BDA91384D11F6EB165A6D2D5CCA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3C12C20EC48B284A7E62F58D3F48F18B" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">
|
||
12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8CDB7DB0FF8E5620523086F55E7ACB16" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3512686912053B6BBE9F8C96EE60A65B" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); Gl shorter, straight and pointed, with wider basis, and much smaller than AXl, versus a longer and slanted Gl, regularly tapered and just a bit smaller than AXl (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE7D61368518DC52DB6F5CEF7807028" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="20A7B50F91CC3A1CF6F2B21731EC076E" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="59EDE5F893B98C48168B40ADF300DD64" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13D</figureCitation>
|
||
); and CB rounded and wide, extending from a bit above L2 to L3, and placed in the middle line between both rows of teeth, contrasting to a smaller and lower CB, extending from the basis of Gl to the middle of the gap between L2 and L3, and adjoined to the basis of L2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EED4A85D592D6071F1707E59BD4368B8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="F50353B9EEA7E519956BD63348E1E329" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E8F0E531317A801D40C87195FC59A3C7" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="449330D3B230D36EDB9ABD57E27DDFB2" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper view (SMF 1356); B. Left male chelicera, lower view (SMF 1356); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (SMF 1552); D. Left female chelicera, lower view (SMF 1552); E. Left male palp, mesal view (SMF 1356); F. Left male palp conductor detail, mesal view (SMF 1356); G. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 1356); H. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 1356). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, C, D, E); 0.05 mm (F); 0.1 mm (G); 0.02 mm (H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349438" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure13">13C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA3A36238DFE1CCADAA6C714AC099D54" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CC499918240A7F51539FD9A48E2DC1A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, BC is placed at a similar position to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFDD0A93CEAD9CF71F251E3E6A801ED2" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="486D27A129CEA1B935B2BBE05400259D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is larger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="69EAAE3E929A0373BF31D9E363AB226C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">
|
||
Figs 15D,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E96D0BD59970F15D6C165DDD679638C6" originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B56C218DD5CF62C668772C392394C87" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and Gu is connected to U2 by a thin and dark ridge, with a gap of similar size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19679C00D0E4425C3F2CC25A9F6F65A3" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="30584F2C80362C16595A4EF87DC4E2F3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DE890895A7684AFBA329020D0167472F" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">Figs 15C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="901DD9071A0DC1283192E098ED22F40A" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), SEM photos. A. Left male chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 1618). B. Left female chelicera, upper and lower views (MCTP 11555). C. Epiandrous field, ventral view (MCTP 1618). D. Left male palp, bulb detail, mesal view (MCTP 5985). E. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 5985); F. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (MCTP 5985). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C); 0.5 mm (D, E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349441" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure16">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genital fold (
|
||
<figureCitation id="815778930BAD893C1C9210EB92BA23E8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="81B9F91E782AE510127F32634FA1DEE0" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D863938125A4DDF7FD15D2FB9004BD46" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">15J</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar in all three species but shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="824F157ECB8B6DEC24F1A9CC8A2773D7" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DF7A78B709572D85CCFF511B17A3EB7" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(genital fold length around 0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="98B958701DCB408051427C337C0CC23B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
the width), intermediate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07AC136CFB07D8D18566C4E70D7A8A62" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2EE9992CD4A49C74B9D49C3F3115AA4E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9E7943FFDB89043F87DF75D5DECDEAA1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
) and longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE09A7418686590E64F1F260C968EABC" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BE020883A53329FDD01E57BC02DC764B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="26228510204AD12A6965514DFB502F34" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
). The internal genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="887186B791646ED4F57F140802AF2EF9" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1F7B1B61E2272F8AD65C32A919C1FD28" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AE9D33E430B5DA058CAB2D4F7488CD7" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C00E1783695B4D70193F0F3378F598" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with medium-sized spermathecae and a sclerotized and rounded fundus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="338477BA1AE5FF0212EEE84BCB1F0B3E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Figs 2H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C5C1B47C5C579F9166497F862F5EEC2F" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">12I</figureCitation>
|
||
), in contrast to wider spermathecae without a well-defined fundus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A861D5DC0A984A77BFC9CBF77ACE9DF9" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="426482A262193BFBE8786791F5EB9AE3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="83C4796F30ECC87ECC2F78DDD2FF34E3" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">Fig. 15K, L</figureCitation>
|
||
). The central membranous sac (CS) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1836FA236990516931B1ADF4FD418795" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D0C96C78F8781146CFA8536F61EF3A51" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is medium-sized, with almost the same size of the spermathecae, and placed at the same level of their bases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1DFA073F32CADF5B08E06A491E794263" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">Fig. 2H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CB1E6EDA869A28984ACFEA047B9049B" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="mandibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5A14CB1F2C1B3F32446D5AFD9DEEBF54" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. mandibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is massive, longer, and placed at the same level as the spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BE99A8BD24540B16AB33251CCA41D270" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1552); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1552); C. Ventral habitus (SMF 1552); D-G. Left chelicera (SMF 1552): D. Upper view; E. Inner view. F. Lower view; G. Outer view; H, I. Genital area: H. Genital fold, ventral view (SMF 1552); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1124). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B, C); 1 mm (D, E, F, G, H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349437" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure12">Fig. 12I</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B678AE3533B7E2ECB09D32D9C6595A0" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4A33BA5E8ABB6F23F159455D598AC2A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the CS is about the same size as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29595177C4B206AB69AC446D2D14B5AC" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="57B31E5C3B8E1EAF3BDECCAA18F463B3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but with a stalk of variable size, sometimes longer than the spermathecae, placing the apical portion of the CS at the same level or anteriorly to the spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEB7C808A7A5D89E8E0C7FA12B93CBBE" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">Fig. 15K, L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5A5613FF3D9E6BE2F2898B690E97A450" doi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A6C2001F3EDE4E9CC0BA9425057E6D4" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="2BAA88BFD0D5CD0224C86BF3456B9969" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F8AF52F04B862185C95085ED7CC025" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="02910FFB5B54E05F7FB9A07BD4A27D62" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Keyserling, 1865, female.
|
||
<emphasis id="B19A17F239D7C26F321986C9F0C50764" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314);
|
||
<emphasis id="7AC3EA862C069938CF98B5F997D9EA1E" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral habitus (SMF 1314);
|
||
<emphasis id="9F25FCB60928D3D92370556E584BA38A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A25CBD97692C44DEB15AFFCC556A1A0E" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Left chelicera (SMF 1314):
|
||
<emphasis id="EC3F0328D9D645E370B22F8BAF6D0212" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Upper view;
|
||
<emphasis id="2DCACE027DF00FB196472F9E00FB4EFB" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Inner view;
|
||
<emphasis id="649268CD9FCF9352255D962D120B1A62" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Lower view;
|
||
<emphasis id="EFA35B4B5C5DCEA8C8ACD784DC2CEED2" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Outer view;
|
||
<emphasis id="AF99D853B5F4448E76ED7F8D1225A164" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FFD4BEC2A1BE538FFB32611709C87DE8" originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Genital area:
|
||
<emphasis id="9B1785ED0917471F0E40F868A51FDF99" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381);
|
||
<emphasis id="52ABF02CC367E56341609B61F62AD066" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314);
|
||
<emphasis id="01BBA6938E61F70132CC061C25541A1A" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">I.</emphasis>
|
||
Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="412D79F9F8D5C0BDB557482A1CD4631E" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFE64F3D6B1074DDECCA1F578C006FB3" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">C, D, E, F, G</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="2C65813DDB3762C2F472236003045327" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">H</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FBDAE34850014944E173F0C596C733" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">I</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BC607BCDF34471841759EFFA00588333" doi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="A37BC8397BE21FBDCD2835FDB82CA075" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="78B06BF01AEF58BB5B179E6C8E5A6FDC" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20C5C84770F676FC90BFD8E312CB088D" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D335B97E37764C6414802CCDCB0F7AFB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos.
|
||
<emphasis id="A9479C9A1E2EEA8C573287B8C49D2150" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299);
|
||
<emphasis id="E51236B6F4751D15F44CD861FAF9F0B0" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299);
|
||
<emphasis id="445F17B84D59AB40BA585A55B8C17CF8" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299);
|
||
<emphasis id="04F0D6482FC1A9D8F9B4F3301A920A3F" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044);
|
||
<emphasis id="30E8746259BA7B1DCCD9B2088B5A71FF" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299);
|
||
<emphasis id="653C62B4B46C2BE59B8000FF9D60A57B" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="3884EEE8FE73BFC3E267FDC6D8A5F256" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="719BBB5BF5F7837CD9B4BD95C3B503B7" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">B, C</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="1C716CF85D1A556C271C738F5116B6BA" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.05 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="12F8D24D2CA3739E8432AAB228C63D15" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">E</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.02 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="BF25650929EDC7B2248E06A6FA97B530" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2572D6DDE7FD8DBB2AF4923234E531B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" type="synonymy and notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="2DA3BD74A0EB8496EDD0ABBA73D07209" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">Synonymy and notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DDE22FB0F7BE5ED64E0AF837D6C86A5E" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD77D42120B222CE97712BEBE68CD463" author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="799 - 856" refId="B40" refString="Keyserling, E, 1865. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799 - 856" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr." volume="15" year="1865">Keyserling (1865)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species based on female specimens from "Nova Granada", which encompasses a large area ranging from Panama to Ecuador, and which were collected by Alexander Lindig, who gathered many animals and plants in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="93B40B45DA107AE7A7D96F7459E7A927" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Colombia) from 1859 to 1863 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85267B87EF65ED97F024DC944239F428" author="Meagher, D" journalOrPublisher="Australasian Biological Newsletter" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="9 - 10" refId="B47" refString="Meagher, D, 2012. The mysterious Alexander Lindig (c. 1815-?1882). Australasian Biological Newsletter 60: 9 - 10" title="The mysterious Alexander Lindig (c. 1815 -? 1882)." volume="60" year="2012">Meagher 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, the type specimens were most likely collected, at least partially, in this city, as indicated by the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0186FF6CB551479B9F296F79D991D122" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4781FEA883D1454E06407B296316739" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The drawing of one female by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3AE7726BBA702ECA5449717F7D068353" author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="799 - 856" refId="B40" refString="Keyserling, E, 1865. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799 - 856" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr." volume="15" year="1865">Keyserling (1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 21, fig. 5) allows the recognition of the species by showing the long and robust AXl placed near to a smaller and traverse Gl of the right chelicera. In the original description, Keyserling wrote that he had "many copies in my collection", without citation of any males (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0699FB80501BD8425DA6AF5AE9B5B4B" author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="799 - 856" refId="B40" refString="Keyserling, E, 1865. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799 - 856" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr." volume="15" year="1865">Keyserling 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 855).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="98B08A9BBBEA6AD592D042028A348257" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="468" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">
|
||
The first author of this paper visited three collections with type material by Keyserling: MIZ; NHM (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1BBE821AF621015E11DFF98D93740EC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2012.15.9.303" author="Beccaloni, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="303 - 312" refId="B11" refString="Beccaloni, J, 2012. The Arachnida and Myriapoda collections at the Natural History Museum, past and present. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 15: 303 - 312" title="The Arachnida and Myriapoda collections at the Natural History Museum, past and present." url="https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2012.15.9.303" volume="15" year="2012">Beccaloni 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and ZMB (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DDB40105720B8B5E105CB82931BB2708" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1524/9783050047829" author="Kretschmann, C" journalOrPublisher="Akademie Verlag, Berlin" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B42" refString="Kretschmann, C, 2006. Raeume oeffnen sich. Naturhistorische Museen im Deutschland des 19. Jarhhunderts. Akademie Verlag, Berlin" title="Raeume oeffnen sich. Naturhistorische Museen im Deutschland des 19. Jarhhunderts." url="https://doi.org/10.1524/9783050047829" year="2006">Kretschmann 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and we also contacted curators of NHMW and USNM. Possible well-preserved type specimens were found in two vials at only the NHM. In the first vial (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8DD603F6835EF23071028E9D80364859" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 labels. A. T. bogotensis from Taquara, Brazil (NHM); B. T. bogotensis from Bogota, Colombia (NHM); C. T. ramboi syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467); D. T. bemalcuei holotype from Paraguay (NMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
), there were three females labeled
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B5D464999AC44A0D285F39EF3B6F9F68" originalValue="“type”">"type"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and originated from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DEF871A292A4C5C749CE74F109B097AE" originalValue="“Taquara”">"Taquara"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(originally "Taquara do Mundo Novo", state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). In the second vial (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AE61A0E38CCC707F1E4D5AECEB974A83" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 labels. A. T. bogotensis from Taquara, Brazil (NHM); B. T. bogotensis from Bogota, Colombia (NHM); C. T. ramboi syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467); D. T. bemalcuei holotype from Paraguay (NMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
), there were two females and one male labeled
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AFE9305068B02619BD9A4CEC0A94DA6A" originalValue="“Bogotá”">"Bogota"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, but with no clear indication as type. All five females from both vials are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D232F8C84099AE842552F0DAE9D251A9" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1D6A92C2D55CE42A3B928DCDF70DCE1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the male from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="38FB1EDD2FF1B4BC372BBCF3AE639703" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="991383C4C7807A9643201104335F2D16" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="2" pageNumber="467" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC4CDD55B8D1CC40057F4279ABB7963" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="467">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="B314712CC178B8D1E08BE8BB1CBB761E" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" start="start">We</pageBreakToken>
|
||
consider
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0BBDE95EEB85FEF99FDF21E20754EE55" originalValue="Keyserling’s">Keyserling's</normalizedToken>
|
||
syntypes to be lost, as there is no clear indication that the specimens above were used to describe the species: females from Taquara are not syntypes because Keyserling had not cited any specimens from that Brazilian locality, and females from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C389C6258AA51CD43277703609DF94F7" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
are also not syntypes as they were not labeled as type or "N. Granada" and are kept in the same vial as the additional male. Therefore, the confirmation of the identity of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3B85EFDE574D1C60BF19096697BA0E86" originalValue="Keyserling’s">Keyserling's</normalizedToken>
|
||
species relies on the illustration in the original description and the fact that specimens collected in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3C046F8E017B94E28ED4616A58A8E1F6" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
and other cities from Colombia clearly display the key cheliceral teeth characters that allow the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="613D2EB4450D0A24F42FA5B18E63B920" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E330E10E5DF91A00B67417AE6847AAE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4D19E28BCABCC45A948261D578AB08AF" doi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="055D33C8DB640837E0DA6A9E5BE76146" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="59ADE7D90ACBCB6E52365B954A519372" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6417D811E027E948B3AC7977682D1C17" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bogotensis" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D641BD411E21CE1D2BC5EE7B18D13AF8" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">Tetragnatha bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Keyserling, 1865 labels.
|
||
<emphasis id="0D09C48AA08C1D3554264B7D43448F90" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F87B69838F00BFD43B8CAA0F468CA2BD" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="286DE518B1850AEC4AFBDDDD9C770AB1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Taquara, Brazil (NHM);
|
||
<emphasis id="ECBC351B93FAB4398B34C1944BD8A1EE" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B11EB773CA0AA9F6786D6F0C2CA6DFD" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A431B6399020D3D49F81A3FDB8EEF54F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE277FF6BC6E42B098DE3CB5A29919B3" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Colombia (NHM);
|
||
<emphasis id="6C3A91E7B5259311EDADD8C6BFB34FF1" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B9EB3A18FA9961C20951106DAD247EF" lsidName="T. ramboi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="ramboi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6212BE04BEDBAC119A9DE387067CC43F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. ramboi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467);
|
||
<emphasis id="B6395BE975EE7CCD5A8313F43C90995E" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A54BE7382C6AB9F5583AB116D7998B1A" lsidName="T. bemalcuei" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bemalcuei">
|
||
<emphasis id="4D766DD45F6B61FB21A48868C8CC1BB0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bemalcuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype from Paraguay (NMB).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B56CF944969F933C650BA8FDBF4BF0C1" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1BB58DBC2AD952286201B3C6D0C20FEF" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha boydi" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E55DB4674580346B64BC0DB0D82832" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">Tetragnatha boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been redescribed and illustrated many times (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21887C55333BA21123F81BCE9F886C8E" author="Wiehle, H" journalOrPublisher="Die Tierwelt Deutschlands" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B84" refString="2019. . http://wsc.nmbe.ch" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2019">World Spider Catalog 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3FA55BB284F9B91EDF75BADD3BD306A1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" author="Pickard-Cambridge, O" editor="Dixey, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B63" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O, Dixey, F, Burr, M, Pickard-Cambridge, O, 1898. N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" title="N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66 (3)" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" year="1898">Pickard-Cambridge (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this species based on a female from Socotra (Yemen), giving detailed illustrations of the lower and inner views of the chelicerae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="93BBA2BAD3E129F8AAE0BC4F4AB24449" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" author="Pickard-Cambridge, O" editor="Dixey, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B63" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O, Dixey, F, Burr, M, Pickard-Cambridge, O, 1898. N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" title="N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66 (3)" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" year="1898">Pickard-Cambridge 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4a, b). Males were first described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49FED2C8BE615EC8350753810D774898" lsidName="T. praedator" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="22E74A2A90C75474D82255AACE2B5318" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tullgren, 1910 from Kenya, a species considered junior synonym afterwards (see below). Unfortunately, the female type material was not located at NHM or in OUMNH, institutions where O. Pickard-Cambridge normally deposited his specimens, and remains lost.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C850DC8034960AC491380DC8F9E2983" author="Lawrence, RF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B43" refString="Lawrence, RF, 1927. Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 1 - 75" title="Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida." volume="25" year="1927">Lawrence (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(sub
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE387EEEDB97CABBD0776DE491589E61" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE8BBD996E3CB5307DB5E29D8BBF4A5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E4868E6D54D70036EA60ADC8812EE9DF" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="69 - 80" refId="B55" refString="Okuma, C, 1983. New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Esakia 20: 69 - 80" title="New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)." volume="20" year="1983">Okuma (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were the first authors to correctly match both sexes in their papers.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="582BC597EAF07A38BF18061F86BB9ADD" author="Lawrence, RF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B43" refString="Lawrence, RF, 1927. Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 1 - 75" title="Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida." volume="25" year="1927">Lawrence (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave very detailed illustrations of the male left palp and chelicera, clearly showing the diagnostic characters of this species. On the other hand, the females were not illustrated, but his description points to the "inferior margin with a large apical tooth" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0248DA80881DFAA816F288B3037AC85B" author="Lawrence, RF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B43" refString="Lawrence, RF, 1927. Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 1 - 75" title="Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida." volume="25" year="1927">Lawrence 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 28), thereby rejecting the identification as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="187F778B39209857BA8F637F9AE83C3D" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="755CB13C0D6B38E45C7DDFE7ECD4BA90" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A0ABA98C867EFDED09657B520E7E888" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="69 - 80" refId="B55" refString="Okuma, C, 1983. New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Esakia 20: 69 - 80" title="New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)." volume="20" year="1983">Okuma (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also correctly matched the couples, gave very detailed drawings of chelicerae and genitalia, synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9E95649370B74070209762A9D4DB91A" lsidName="T. mandibulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="subspecies" species="mandibulata" subspecies="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9B07D56414000CB8ED840B605BAD574" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. mandibulata bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47D61BE50FB806E7228993FF28C65EAF" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7F91BA36AA0AFCB070454D3C1739A7E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens kullmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A62F268AB9DC9A0ED19C0D0779D81FD" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1835D122B976479818A1569E11459A42" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and gave the first records for Brazil. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="27174E4195E37FE7F99A39CBD3BB6E13" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="219 - 243" refId="B59" refString="Okuma, C, 1992. Notes on the Neotropical and Mexican species of Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University 36: 219 - 243" title="Notes on the Neotropical and Mexican species of Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) with descriptions of three new species." volume="36" year="1992">Okuma (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also provided new drawings of the species. After examining illustrations by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23EAC291DD8C4F975850109A6E65991A" author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="799 - 856" refId="B40" refString="Keyserling, E, 1865. Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799 - 856" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr." volume="15" year="1865">Keyserling (1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 21, fig. 5), the NHM specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="887A6F73513091FD0AF641EA2E61CD09" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE17FA151C6112305D22B8F5790032AE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the type locality (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2320D8E9EE91CAC7053E36A789A7B8E0" originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
|
||
), and making comparisons with O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="368F9B6F80455EA8E1AE96FA11F6F4BE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" author="Pickard-Cambridge, O" editor="Dixey, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B63" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, O, Dixey, F, Burr, M, Pickard-Cambridge, O, 1898. N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" title="N. Bennett in Socotra, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 66 (3)" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03159.x" year="1898">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FF0B6C08C0A7FDB53CA0F8B638AD8E97" originalValue="Pickard-Cambridge’s">Pickard-Cambridge's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1898)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrations and the later illustrations by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BBBD1641A4EE3E15D5920BCF377D487B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" author="Tullgren, A" editor="Yngve, S" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" refId="B79" refString="Tullgren, A, Yngve, S, 1910. Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20(6). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" title="Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20 (6)" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" year="1910">Tullgren (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D3AD09B1645CD69A321F6AC5CD46296A" author="Lawrence, RF" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B43" refString="Lawrence, RF, 1927. Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida. Annals of the South African Museum 25: 1 - 75" title="Contributions to a knowledge of the fauna of South-West Africa V. Arachnida." volume="25" year="1927">Lawrence (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="339BD9AC24FEFF318EAB37C9D2B8415A" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="69 - 80" refId="B55" refString="Okuma, C, 1983. New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Esakia 20: 69 - 80" title="New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)." volume="20" year="1983">Okuma (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="26D1246F601C9BEBEFDF17C589A9A357" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="219 - 243" refId="B59" refString="Okuma, C, 1992. Notes on the Neotropical and Mexican species of Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University 36: 219 - 243" title="Notes on the Neotropical and Mexican species of Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) with descriptions of three new species." volume="36" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we conclude that all specimens belong to the same common species and establish that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10D9D6A5328AC19E08593C19673B8B68" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A73F64317773FF7BB4ADD67A482ED1EC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D0DECC8195B6B248DA5554D75DC5E7A" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="98A19C5FA2AAB20D980694CBBF5141A6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9681DF3B4C30F40AE5C1192428EEBC27" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E6B2EC5DB3A5DDA5EC12511FCBB8056" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha praedator" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="60276611A7CB6AF3EF29938822024F55" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">Tetragnatha praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A96070FA96F912AB4D409DA08A29E4C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" author="Tullgren, A" editor="Yngve, S" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" refId="B79" refString="Tullgren, A, Yngve, S, 1910. Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20(6). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" title="Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20 (6)" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" year="1910">Tullgren (1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 69a, b) was described from four male specimens from Kilimandjaro and Meru (Kenya).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C544EAB887A89944A922314D71C368D4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.27521" author="Lessert, R de" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 80" refId="B46" refString="Lessert, R de, 1915. Arachnides de l'Ouganda et de l'Afrique orientale allemande. (Voyage du Dr J. Carl dans la region des lacs de l'Afrique centrale). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 23: 1 - 80" title="Arachnides de l'Ouganda et de l'Afrique orientale allemande. (Voyage du Dr J. Carl dans la region des lacs de l'Afrique centrale)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.27521" volume="23" year="1915">Lessert (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also cited males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9866D0176CAF8271A9FEEE5325048299" lsidName="T. praedator" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="3370B0C9ACE4F9FA1CB7CF02C847BE3F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the species was later synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1F8430A554145CCE3D3F5F0F2010B40" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B22ECFAC6F460F7A50FF4626CD2743F6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="165E60B3C42B00D94280132DFD5BA9BC" author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Natura, Buchhandlung fuer Naturkunde und exakte Wissenschaften Paul Budy, Bremen" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" refId="B65" refString="Roewer, CF, 1942. Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. 1. Band (Mesothelae, Orthognatha, Labidognatha: Dysderaeformia, Scytodiformia, Pholciformia, Zodariiformia, Hersiliaeformia, Argyopiformia). Natura, Buchhandlung fuer Naturkunde und exakte Wissenschaften Paul Budy, Bremen" title="Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. 1. Band (Mesothelae, Orthognatha, Labidognatha: Dysderaeformia, Scytodiformia, Pholciformia, Zodariiformia, Hersiliaeformia, Argyopiformia)." year="1942">Roewer (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Finally, it was treated as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11E8630C6CC450AE95D783A099606235" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8351C196C889D94410616E612F7FD7E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99487451661EA7E5B5BEE6E5FBBD21B8" author="Schmidt, G" journalOrPublisher="Arachnologisches Magazin" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 11" refId="B70" refString="Schmidt, G, Krause, RH, 1993. Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II. Arachnologisches Magazin 1: 3 - 11" title="Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II." volume="1" year="1993">Schmidt and Krause (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who also described females from Comoros Island, forming the combination
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B70D32EB74317481F42F79AAC0CECAEA" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="subspecies" species="boydi" subspecies="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="BE9A95A3C0557F3ADBDC56EEBA2C8831" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tullgren, 1910. After comparing
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F1E47561C6276C3C838416AD92A86411" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" author="Tullgren, A" editor="Yngve, S" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" refId="B79" refString="Tullgren, A, Yngve, S, 1910. Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20(6). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" title="Dr. Yngve Sjoestedt. Sjoestedts Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition 20 (6)" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6622" year="1910">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B70F091AEF4229D96A040A9ADC6E4707" originalValue="Tullgren’s">Tullgren's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1910)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrations and photos of the syntypes we received (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09DE092292D3FE192FAB7D072DF8A417" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the specimens we identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE9520111546DC4E07CE2129DDD8D4ED" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="85C1882B7F314AA3B80CA92A888505B5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we observed that they clearly match. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CD57A76079D614776D6AA3DEC21160D9" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="subspecies" species="boydi" subspecies="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="53C5F9685BC9938408971D6594D01DDE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is synonymised here with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="002C5C8644E2B0F101E962D03CDD3025" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8374E72580A6971F21CE1545405AE3B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On the other hand, the females assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="486628D04A8E2CEE75C966F67AD0A20C" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="subspecies" species="boydi" subspecies="praedator">
|
||
<emphasis id="27CA34DE94AED70427E6D126A8B2BAC5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. boydi praedator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FDD866BFA8255C64667C34A845DD2288" author="Schmidt, G" journalOrPublisher="Arachnologisches Magazin" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 11" refId="B70" refString="Schmidt, G, Krause, RH, 1993. Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II. Arachnologisches Magazin 1: 3 - 11" title="Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil II." volume="1" year="1993">Schmidt and Krause (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 5) probably belong to a different species judging by their illustrations, which are, however, too poor to allow a proper evaluation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E010DF9C6906F85D26E3B5C62A5A1164" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A0962DE146C4635CA4FDC0F3C9A2AD6" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha bemalcuei" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemalcuei">
|
||
<emphasis id="0951AF68909524480D7A5DF9612487DA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">Tetragnatha bemalcuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E594C340B7F4E6FCF21747CE61EA703" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.117928" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="43 - 93" refId="B49" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1939. Araignees americaines du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Bale. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 46: 43 - 93" title="Araignees americaines du Musee d'histoire naturelle de Bale." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.117928" volume="46" year="1939">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F02D75E201BFB82725AA960A494FEB42" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1939
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68, figs 42-44), who mentioned on the original description "a robust conical frontward apophysis" (AXl) on the lower row of the chelicerae. We examined detailed images of the holotype (NMB) that show the characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40CE39AF2815B325289980D5E44AE9D1" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CE5DE9E9551BE079042C6A02C3279BCB" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="31CC8E1426B5E618173CDF67C2B2B96D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 labels. A. T. bogotensis from Taquara, Brazil (NHM); B. T. bogotensis from Bogota, Colombia (NHM); C. T. ramboi syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467); D. T. bemalcuei holotype from Paraguay (NMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4">Figs 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BB8B278158612DAADAEE976987519399" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">21E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and establish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2C2971C97AB1BC4E7CD49E3B82ACC278" lsidName="T. bemalcuei" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bemalcuei">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2EDC753766C3FB6BC1C5207814758D6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bemalcuei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AEEE33CB6A52FD2ADE8E11D1CF04BC6" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8313D31B7273DA38E179B6586C9221E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Keyserling, 1865.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F84205960CCF8A515E868385D05F82C" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1A57D0F0C594FFD07E3662E16C0CA732" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 245" refId="B50" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1943. Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 37: 147 - 245" title="Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul." volume="37" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2AA3F4614D2D7C2E48E6B78536178D65" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1943)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA14CC6D883A6C2E2ABA31F21EC299FD" lsidName="T. ramboi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="ramboi">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E7247D639AB8501885C6B94575E688B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. ramboi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on males and females from Rio Grande do Sul, south Brazil. He indicated the vial MNRJ 42467 as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F319E9BB0D7639A1BF65237ECC7DE376" originalValue="“tipo”">"tipo"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(type in Portuguese) in the description, but did not label it as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="45DC731F3F8FD429A6AC30240B21FFD5" originalValue="“typus”">"typus"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in contrast to his common practice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6243DADE5FAB670F514B28D5528808C4" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865 labels. A. T. bogotensis from Taquara, Brazil (NHM); B. T. bogotensis from Bogota, Colombia (NHM); C. T. ramboi syntype from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (MNRJ 42467); D. T. bemalcuei holotype from Paraguay (NMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349429" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure4">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). We examined the type series (one male, two females, and one immature specimen) and agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F6F3A8B739566DE7BABDB6088E6ECE3A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2588.1.1" author="Silva-Moreira, T da" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 91" refId="B72" refString="Silva-Moreira, T da, Baptista, RLC, Kury, AB., Giupponi, APL, Buckup, EH, Brescovit, AD, 2010. Annotated check list of Arachnida type specimens deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. II - Araneae. Zootaxa 2588: 1 - 91" title="Annotated check list of Arachnida type specimens deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. II - Araneae." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2588.1.1" volume="2588" year="2010">Silva-Moreira et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that the whole series of specimens should be treated as syntypes. In the original description, the male was cited first and its diagnostic chelicerae and palps were illustrated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B40F5F97ED29893434030C36F64904C8" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 245" refId="B50" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1943. Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 37: 147 - 245" title="Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul." volume="37" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DD219B73C5B625D55BB1533B8BB13B68" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
1943
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 24a, b), whereas only the habitus of the female was illustrated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA6CCB8098BA3A460EF1D91B2BF688D6" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 245" refId="B50" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1943. Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 37: 147 - 245" title="Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul." volume="37" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F41F394B9464138935AA26BF6457AB09" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
1943
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 24). Under the rule of the "First Reviser" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="07A2D867D31C2FA57177D23D796E8093" author="Huber, BA" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" publicationUrl="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/" refId="B39" refString="1999. . https://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/" url="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, article 24), we consider the sequence of descriptions and the presence of diagnostic illustrations in establishing the male as the lectotype of the species. This male clearly belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FAC160CA7779696774EDE9CCD116189" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A49A6997A705EBD45CB2CD9FD6CDE76" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to the chelicerae and palp diagnostic characters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B3AC9CFF64EE341E4168F94A7129F2F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1C, E, J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4ABA95902E8D7957F043BE3368042657" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3A, B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1AFBF3EF2A7303673203C2B43E6518A" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Embolous and conductor tip detail, dorsal view, SEM photos. A. T. bogotensis (MCTP 4299); B. T. elongata (MCTP 43306 ex 0370); C. T. keyserlingi (MCTP 43319 ex 6944); D. T. mandibulata (SMF 1356); E. T. nitens (MACN 2252); F. T. vermiformis (MCTP 43339 ex 1133). Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A, B, C, E, F); 0.02 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349446" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure20">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="644F776C8D704FBC06ADA248AB488065" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">21F</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="66124EB073D5A1A4DEFF2684A545FB7D" author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="147 - 245" refId="B50" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1943. Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul. Arquivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 37: 147 - 245" title="Catalogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul." volume="37" year="1943">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="44CCA5123C2EB61416A51B2ADF3DC569" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
1943
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 24b) and must be newly synonymised with this species. Finally, we consider the female and juveniles of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78DDD0C71DE688351A9681CB92EFC364" lsidName="T. ramboi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="ramboi">
|
||
<emphasis id="17082CB689F89CBC1BC692F12B18BAA8" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. ramboi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as misidentified specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A673E1E9710DBA0BC926823945D182C" lsidName="T. argentinensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="argentinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="570DD0709549D8AC4406882D2DC06EFA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. argentinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8929F30C2C7E67359D3657F22DF0908D" originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1931 which were erroneously attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3472A963FED5BE8FEC5034B922890FA3" lsidName="T. ramboi" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="ramboi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C3B43F0EB3F9E17CC8EA1DC11266D7CA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. ramboi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F24CC467A3908C5E578722B22E78985" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
We also note that several species previously considered junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1241BF4145B4D961C0D494028C5A6B8A" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="451B8682C21D3E3BD00C96280424D69B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be newly synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73F09E02F86A998C0FFA37FF2F264046" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6981EE7159281B0F06B12982C2F3902E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For example,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B9D03B7A1BA473B8AA8158B167875FED" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 291, 292) established 13 junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F226FA14CFCAB7409B8B96F4A07FB947" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="5316B97018BC85FDA80079731E0462DA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed, most of those species are correctly junior synonyms of it, but at least four should now be regarded as junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31BDE0EA60CA68A61017622A43EC02AC" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCD9F9983756799D49332BD94050BAFC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B4D50E8CBDD6EC60DBA66318117E9A1" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C90AA5512D56A2A95A3C1849E2DC966E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below). It also seems that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="046D3FC138A471060D0DF11AFFEBEA76" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 23-29) matched males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="543943F8A30FB1A9AFBAAC5B3F2D2EC2" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB283864C33257DA1D1371207BE59D16" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with at least some females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B732B03DA828F47D4604A5C6A2F4FBF" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FBB25862EBD308DFCF43BFF1DAC9EB2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as it is evident by the female illustrations he gave. These clearly depict the large AXl of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="400E4B0E2DCF0204E532243CE7227E1C" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D162413E3D00C92F48D22AD6C6C0286" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD76A42D31B54035829774BB070D6FC0" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 23-25) and similar genitalia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15DD819EFF1E7CBE95FE313FDD525C39" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 27-29), with a pattern very different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AF5628870998D04F2F9622AE3A325A5" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="1D5B126ACE8E668B5BF50A8331C38B22" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="658D8D5954E1C718927B16798C3EE408" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826), female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1528); B. lateral habitus (SMF 1528); C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes (SMF 1528); D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla (SMF 1528); E-I. Left chelicera (SMF 1528): E. Upper view. F. Inner view. G. Lower view. H. Outer view. I. Basal cusp detail, distal view; J-L. Genital area: J. SEM of genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 11555); K. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 43323 ex 7313); L. Internal genitalia variation, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1528). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (I, K, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349440" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure15">Fig. 15K, L</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6588D3D42580A665A4A15C04E9FB3DAE" author="Zhu, MS" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" refId="B87" refString="Zhu, MS, Zhang, BS, 2011. Spider fauna of Henan: Arachnida: Araneae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Spider fauna of Henan: Arachnida: Araneae." year="2011">Zhu and Zhang 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 125G). In the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F3EBA8BF711E9A0C956069185D913B22" originalValue="“Variation”">"Variation"</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D6C4FFDAAFD2993FAEDC7A7F1C6BF183" originalValue="“Diagnosis”">"Diagnosis"</normalizedToken>
|
||
sections of his paper,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7D5186DC558F72E718857022845E2DDF" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292) pointed out "On Panamanian specimens the diagnostic tooth at the posterior base of the fang is as long as the chelicerae are wide, and is sometimes smaller than illustrated on the most northern specimens" and "The female chelicerae have a large posterior lateral tooth at the insertion of the fang". Unfortunately, he did not provide the collection site for the female specimen he illustrated, and although there is no formal record for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="99909007C58F732D1B4D440AD19463FC" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="66D305ACF1724FCBE8834DB1DA308013" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or any of its synonyms from the United States, at least some of the females from the southern USA cited as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A68235C32EE38CA60BEF368E8F8E83B" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="8E714189A86F8C751DDA4808B670EF47" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may belong to that species instead.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8AC209ADC80D846F5A3AF0932D08D20E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="724355E83CE99039DF998E2E9BD175A2" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 291, 292) synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E11476E8CA301C7A1C8E2FDE8512DDBB" lsidName="T. andina" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="andina">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B0DF8347FF57788EF3F0BA537341321" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. andina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taczanowski, 1878 with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44479686BC1EFB367ED9485BF290BC14" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="3" pageNumber="468" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F7E8FD16922D843AA37488E39CDAB17" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="468">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on multiple male
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="69F1C8EE5EC9A153BEE55828929FB651" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||
female syntypes from Amable Maria, Peru, however,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BD3A481AF48C64FF1B72DDCE94650CF" originalValue="Taczanowski’s">Taczanowski's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1878: fig. 2) poor illustration of the female chelicerae allows its recognition as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79C96655965EF6E31DA025319190E4FA" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="26585C49A58DA634C550AD55DA59D9A6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as verified in the photos we received from MIZ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D8AC5DC0795A3EE166A974DF4CDC63E5" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEDFBF5714FC2BBE4792481B0F06814F" lsidName="T. andina" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="andina">
|
||
<emphasis id="964F7AB050227EDCC28A3703A017C38F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. andina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here removed from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="921966457EBBB1C87D0D817BE41F03C2" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED09DAF06AC645FFFD7ADCEFD9480222" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and newly synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E11703F9B748B7AC03AE73060CBDC4DC" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B99DC92C448B7BABB92A2E710FE237D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AAAAFCA0966B5F28BB5A402C960EEB42" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="59897E5B7D7EF5DE0D684D63250EB400" author="Banks, N" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="205 - 309" refId="B7" refString="Banks, N, 1898. Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 3: 205 - 309" title="Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico." volume="3" year="1898">Banks (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3B11022B8B4C953FDD24CAEE8E6BF4F" lsidName="T. peninsulana" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="peninsulana">
|
||
<emphasis id="A57D4E21721BCB585841A2DB63D92DC7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. peninsulana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from two males and "several females" from San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="159780CB86FFE9975F1E6E36F3B14F4F" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Cabo, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Photos of females provided by the MCZ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6071C5AC65414CE79B82A80B74A8411" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
) include three specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7C9F0DBD68CCDC334A5B9E0104C476D" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="99CD7665F342EBCA38E4D77721C1A9DB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="615FC2DF1C9072DCECFFAA7F5450C4CC" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C48E1E09F04BFBEC873D77C2C806EA84" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which we consider a misidentification. Additionally, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F3816B82D4D43B64CC4116C1F33AC299" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the male syntypes were destroyed. Based on the elongated AXl (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2F289D881FC7503C1D3C803BD7294789" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
), this species must also be removed from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDA2FFB6CCD1C6522CBAFE37BCBBD779" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="720F3085FAEEAD2AEB96E53A121D780E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and be newly synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4EC7CA08F8CC30A018A2BDECE2563C55" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A41308335E94171496B5CE073D0C904A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B39D4061CA38710DD3F1407C51CFBA79" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9601A33AE0970BA5B86CFA38DE34D1F" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tetragnatha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetragnatha eremita" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eremita">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BC963474E7BFDFB85A367560345E0B2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">Tetragnatha eremita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Chamberlin, 1924 was based on a male holotype from Baja California, Mexico.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="51948EB7C2383195E11B275EAB8EB4B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.63-2481.1" author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B19" refString="Chamberlin, RV, 1924. Descriptions of new American and Chinese spiders, with notes on other Chinese species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 63: 1 - 38" title="Descriptions of new American and Chinese spiders, with notes on other Chinese species." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.63-2481.1" volume="63" year="1924">Chamberlin (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 89, 90) provided a short description and two good illustrations that clearly show the characteristic shape and teeth formula of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E93B26182EB8BB63B757492167F620C" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D5CD878670927531DCB2044112E8DC19" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, besides citing a female paratype collected at the same time. The male holotype is represented by the right pedipalp in the MCZ (MCZ 15283, RVC 1111), and by the whole specimen in CAS 1430. We were able to examine the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9B20F0C53292D5E23FA15340D1D6AA6" originalValue="holotype’s">holotype's</normalizedToken>
|
||
chelicerae through photos (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2B858A40F09C6F38CBCD76AED12D8E81" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and thus confirmed its identity, removing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDFE6BF00CF0440F61F97D8615BF5E0C" lsidName="T. eremita" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="eremita">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE057DA72C0FEC299FF374BF4112ED90" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. eremita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7ABBFF39B32AADC246FE31E301DB29DD" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="F758CD1B98FEDE82EB115A5F58D55103" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and newly synonymising it with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1288D8C29D2F2C186CE096FD0345ABE" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2861F3CFB20A6596E2CEBC1AACD93AA" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A0598291FDB4EC7D30262160AB14AFA" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
Furthermore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3004C511AD5595566ABBF884226071B" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="271 - 318" refId="B45" refString="Levi, HW, 1981. The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 149: 271 - 318" title="The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)." volume="149" year="1981">Levi (1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292) followed
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A7EA485254B9A26EB80DE70021C8148" author="Chickering, AM" journalOrPublisher="Breviora" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B23" refString="Chickering, AM, 1957b. The genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Argiopidae) in Jamaica, B.W.I., and other neighboring islands. Breviora 68: 1 - 15" title="The genus Tetragnatha (Araneae, Argiopidae) in Jamaica, B. W. I., and other neighboring islands." volume="68" year="1957 b">Chickering (1957b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2) in the synonymization of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A9516A82E6B5C3B7E1A8C9854635788" lsidName="T. haitiensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="haitiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3539CDCB5579F738E44D2FD95175A91" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. haitiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bryant, 1945, which was based on a female from Haiti, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8004F2255ABBCF4A6E322CAA326C02FE" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A1EC63E2EFF066E8D81D762E49420FFA" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="264BA354E1B5F616935EBB89885B6ACA" author="Bryant, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="357 - 422" refId="B15" refString="Bryant, EB, 1945. The Argiopidae of Hispaniola. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 95: 357 - 422" title="The Argiopidae of Hispaniola." volume="95" year="1945">Bryant (1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 37) illustrated the huge AXl tooth typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A77BAB67E7931A7DC925BAE741606B56" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EFEE1B30D43F88318A50AF9A975FF09" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which we also observed in the photos we received from MCZ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="23040A44F60F534C857BE3C78DFE7963" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Junior synonyms mentioned on the manuscript. A-G. T. bogotensis synonyms chelicerae, ♂ upper view, ♀ lower view: A. T. andina, ♀ syntype; B. T. peninsulana, ♀ syntype; C. T. boydi praedator, ♂ syntype; D. T. eremita, ♂ holotype; E. T. bemalcuei, ♀ holotype; F. T. ramboi, ♂ lectotype; G. T. haitiensis, ♀ holotype; H-M. T. keyserlingi synonyms, left chelicerae: H. T. kochi, ♀ syntype upper view; I-K. T. japonica (ZMH): I. ♀ syntype upper view; J, K. ♂ T. nigrita (misidentification): J. Upper view; K. Lower view; L, M. T. conformans upper view: L. ♂ paratype; M. ♀ holotype; N, O. T. nigrita sub T. cliens, left chelicerae upper view: N. ♂ holotype; O. ♀ paratype (misidentification); P, Q. Labels of T. cliens: P. ♂ holotype; Q. ♀ paratype. R-X. T. mandibulata synonyms: R-V. T. confraterna: R. ♂ syntype right chelicera, upper view; S. ♂ syntype left chelicera, lower view; T. ♂ syntype right palp, mesal-ventral view; U. ♀ syntype right chelicera, lower view; V. ♀ syntype genital fold, ventral view; W. T. necatoria, ♂ holotype left chelicera, upper view; X. T. infuscata, ♂ holotype right chelicera, upper view." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349447" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure21">Fig. 21G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9825A923C780CB1D62DDAF95196BA4A" lsidName="T. haitiensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="haitiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4013C9E114693F2D6A6310FD5BA95F3E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. haitiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bryant, 1945 is also removed from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92F7BE529FD2667AA4786A5FABC4C281" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="D466577C04FD32EFCF3205E0B0B3357D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and newly synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFA007CBFB90D6283459A9AC02F9E255" lsidName="T. bogotensis." pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C052754BCC3E96C37C5CB0FA43B11C90" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB33923AAF50F287F79201B413807BA6" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="22B8958D89D410405724CB2F98814E4F" author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Araneologie" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 619" refId="B85" refString="Wunderlich, J, 1992. Die Spinnen-Fauna der Makaronesischen Inseln: Taxonomie, Oekologie, Biogeographie und Evolution. Beitraege zur Araneologie 1: 1 - 619" title="Die Spinnen-Fauna der Makaronesischen Inseln: Taxonomie, Oekologie, Biogeographie und Evolution." volume="1" year="1992">Wunderlich (1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 365) also mistook
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83D1413CA4A5080FD94A9ECD7B5A6D70" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0731980C7D1D32BAD2B4C71175F8A59" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B82A9A555DA8DCFFD4483C23330988F" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A58C0EA48DD508D1C279BFC30A28B29" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, removing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25B40CBD3539AFC5E73CA0FEDE248A05" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EBC524DDE1D382F0EA5FE0C43E0A438" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens kullmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from its proper synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AFC746BDD6C4568553F22B26B1D41EFA" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F656D324C233FFCF586DAA4C470385B0" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB4D993128720F2741681DF19B073AFA" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="69 - 80" refId="B55" refString="Okuma, C, 1983. New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Esakia 20: 69 - 80" title="New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)." volume="20" year="1983">Okuma 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70). We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6CBAB9D2F9B6B32E313E5289EA7807D1" author="Okuma, C" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="17" pageNumber="482" pagination="69 - 80" refId="B55" refString="Okuma, C, 1983. New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Esakia 20: 69 - 80" title="New synonymies and new records of some cosmopolitan species of the genus Tetragnatha (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)." volume="20" year="1983">Okuma (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that this species is "undoubtedly identical with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2C2043C8FE79A2CB15F469A85179C7EF" lsidName="T. boydi" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="boydi">
|
||
<emphasis id="06E26070920CDF636FCD8C585AC9C2B8" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. boydi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
", as both males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE1DE4FA88729CB5444E03B1D8A78410" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="60A2D7BA524AB187BF57F05BD2BCC14C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens kullmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bear the same diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D70740DB305264D800AECFCD905FFE61" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E42A3FB2A0B5FB9150AE7F5DDE27D870" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D03ABDAA61E697E2AF02BF8162148D8" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91D3E928048EB7C17786C197808597F7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: male chelicerae with Gu longer than U2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E233A802EDE73A937D404027212FD861" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, male (SMF 0035). A. Dorsal habitus; B. Ventral habitus; C. Chelicerae upper row and eyes; D. Chelicerae lower row and maxilla; E-H. Left chelicera: E. Upper view; F. Inner view; G. Lower view; H. Outer view; I-K. Left male palp: I. Mesal view; J. Dorsal view; K. Ventral view (paracymbium). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G, H); 0.5 mm (I, J, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349426" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure1">Figs 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="95C8EA72CE59C09F6586E3D00406C2F6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3AE21E0DC64EA5DAFDB6B8F17168A198" author="Wiehle, H" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" pagination="377 - 383" refId="B82" refString="Wiehle, H, 1962. Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 43: 377 - 383" title="Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae)." volume="43" year="1962">Wiehle 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 9) and female chelicerae with a long AXl (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0D331F0B84885E0B3C5EE5721947D07B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, female. A. Dorsal habitus (SMF 1314); B. Lateral habitus (SMF 1314); C-F. Left chelicera (SMF 1314): C. Upper view; D. Inner view; E. Lower view; F. Outer view; G-I. Genital area: G. Genital fold, ventral view (MCTP 3381); H. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (SMF 1314); I. Internal genitalia, cleared, ventral view (MCTP 13581). Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (C, D, E, F, G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.1 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349427" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure2">
|
||
Figs 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BEAFAF037602734454BEB14CBF039486" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1670B64D5BFB3D357D01D6649D1B7C6E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865, SEM photos. A. Left male palp, mesal view (MCTP 4299); B. Left male chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); C. Left female chelicera, upper view (MCTP 4299); D. Left male palp paracymbium, ventral view (SMF 0044); E. Left palp conductor detail, mesal view (MCTP 4299); F. Epiandrous field, ventral view (SMF 0044). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.1 mm (D); 0.05 mm (E); 0.02 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349428" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure3">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="998E7F839BCBDCD172C87D504FC2602A" author="Wiehle, H" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="18" pageNumber="483" pagination="377 - 383" refId="B82" refString="Wiehle, H, 1962. Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 43: 377 - 383" title="Eine Unterart von Tetragnathanitens ([Savigny &] Audouin) aus Sardinien (Arach., Araneae)." volume="43" year="1962">Wiehle 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 15). Therefore, the synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1605BF883000510C65D74524A8AE42D" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="nitens">
|
||
<emphasis id="319E688BA2916CFB02C6E9F4D2AB5EE6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rejected and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="450B54AF37A2DA75E848483109F282E4" lsidName="T. nitens" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="subspecies" species="nitens" subspecies="kullmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="8B2E84247D280088F80746EE13C520A8" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. nitens kullmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E494BDB973084C1F01EE644EBCA1BA58" lsidName="T. bogotensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEE3A4DC397D1CE15FF335E28B88D86C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">T. bogotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BD73BB55BA14E4075FB1EBDCC3287628" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="379EE9E4ED98A2DF4D955A46B96A0C50" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5C606DBCB1CDE29D79AF05004D95904B" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
Males (
|
||
<emphasis id="232AAC14FCBB1A30415BC9FF9A832AC7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18): total length, 7.36-11.60; females (
|
||
<emphasis id="31649A2359F4FFF55AE8A4D885F784CE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 17): total length, 7.52-11.76. The gap between Gu and U2 is variable in males of this species and can have almost the double of the length of the specimen illustrated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5800DC94216A36ED8C9DCD53F27A449E" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F8DC5C14C17ECF0D8986FDD15319E57F" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92B686EBC0F3A56C157A5796798AB26B" pageId="4" pageNumber="469">
|
||
This species is widespread in the Neotropics and Mexico, but potentially north into the southern United States; it also occurs in the Old World, with records from Africa, Yemen, India, Nepal, and China (
|
||
<figureCitation id="765B06381FCF0E2DA0B7BE8925DF1F14" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Records of the material we analysed (circles), including the type localities of Neotropical junior synonyms cited in the text (stars and triangles). A. Tetragnatha bogotensis; B. Tetragnatha elongata; C. Tetragnatha keyserlingi (excluding Haiti); D. Tetragnatha mandibulata; E. Tetragnatha nitens; F. Tetragnatha vermiformis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/349448" pageId="4" pageNumber="469" tableDoi="10.3897/zse.95.36762.figure22">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |