203 lines
16 KiB
XML
203 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.173.2498" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5b93df74-43b1-40e4-aeba-3aa975e2af67" ID-PMC="PMC3307359" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-173-11" ID-PubMed="22448118" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-173-11" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 173" ModsDocTitle="Commensal Leucothoidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Part III: coral rubble-dwellers" checkinTime="1451249315473" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="White, Kristine N. & Reimer, James Davis" docDate="2012" docId="12B0300CD52D0E27A867CD7AC132CFF1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 173: 11-50" docOrigin="ZooKeys 173" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.173.2498" docTitle="Leucothoe enko White & Reimer, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="4439C6096222FFF01756FF84FFB8C564" masterDocTitle="Commensal Leucothoidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Part III: coral rubble-dwellers" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1668153282892" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Commensal Leucothoidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Part III: coral rubble-dwellers</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>White, Kristine N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reimer, James Davis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>173</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>11</mods:start>
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<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.173.2498</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.173.2498</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-173-11</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033447" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3CFF4120-9249-4A14-8966-C427EC500A1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/12B0300CD52D0E27A867CD7AC132CFF1" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3CFF4120-9249-4A14-8966-C427EC500A1D" class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="28">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 9, 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="28" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="28">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="28">
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Holotype male, 1.6 mm RUMF-ZC-1850, Omonawa, Tokunoshima Island, Kagoshima, reef wall (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="27.891388">27°53'29"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="128.93611">128°56'10"E</geoCoordinate>
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), among coral rubble, 21 m, K.N. White and N.S. White, col., 21 September 2010 (KNWTokuno3B). Paratype
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="29" start="start">female</pageBreakToken>
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, 1.7 mm, RUMF-ZC-1851, Toguchi Beach,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Okinawa–jima">Okinawa-jima</normalizedToken>
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Island, Okinawa, patch reef (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="26.363056">26°21'47"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="127.736664">127°44'12"E</geoCoordinate>
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), among coral rubble, 1-2 m, K.N. White and N.S. White, col., 20 October 2010 (KNWOkinawa14C).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="29" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="29">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="29">
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Omonawa, Tokunoshima Island, Kagoshima, Japan (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="27.891388">27°53'29"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="128.93611">128°56'10"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="additional material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="30" start="start">Additional</pageBreakToken>
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material examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">1 specimen, RUMF-ZC-1852, KNWTokuno3B; 4 specimens, NSMT-Cr 21993, KNWOkinawa24C; 1 specimen, RUMF-ZC-1853, KNWOkinawa24C; 1 specimen, NSMT-Cr 21994, KNWOkinawa71B.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis (male)">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis (male).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
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Head anterior margin oblique, produced, distal margin excavate with rounded projection. Maxilla 1 palp 1-articulate, margins constricted. Gnathopod 1 propodus proximally inflated: dactylus reaching 0.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length. Gnathopod 2 basis distally expanded, stout; propodus palm concave with 6 large tubercles. Pereopods 5-7 bases narrowly expanded, posterior margins serrate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="19" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">Description (male).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
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Head. Anterior margin oblique, produced, anterodistal margin rounded, distal margin excavate with rounded projection; ventral cephalic keel anterior produced, excavate; anteroventral margin quadrate, ventral margin excavate; eyes present with more than 10 ommatidia, round. Antenna 1 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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body length, flagellum 6-articulate, peduncle article 1 width less than 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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article 2, accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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body length, subequal in length with antenna 1, flagellum 4-articulate. Mandibular palp ratio of articles 1-3 1.0: 2.4: 0.6, article 2 with 3 distal setae, article 3 with two distal setae, incisors weakly dentate; left mandible with 5 raker spines, lacinia mobilis large, weakly toothed; right mandible with 5 raker spines, lacinia mobilis small, weakly toothed. Upper lip asymmetrically lobate, anterior margin weakly setose. Lower lip inner lobes fused, setose; outer lobes with moderate gape, anterior margins setose. Maxilla 1 palp 1-articulate, margins constricted with 3 distal slender setae; outer plate with 5 distal robust setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with 4 distal slender setae outer plate with 3 distal slender setae. Maxilliped inner plates distal margin rounded with v-shaped indentation, with short simple robust setae; outer plate inner margin smooth, reaching 0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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palp article 1, with simple marginal setae, facial setae present; palp article 4 subequal in length with article 3, distally acute.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="19" pageNumber="30">
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Pereon. Coxae 1-4 relative widths 1.0: 1.1: 0.9:1.0. Gnathopod 1 coxa smooth, bare, anterodistal margin produced, rounded, distal margin straight, posterior margin excavate, facial setae absent; basis distally expanded, anterior and posterior margins bare; ischium bare; carpus linear, distal length 9.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, proximal margin dentate, distal margin with 4 long setae; propodus proximally inflated, palm dentate with 4 distal setae; dactylus smooth, reaching 0.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length. Gnathopod 2 coxa broader than long, subequal in size with coxa 3, smooth, bare, anterior margin straight, anterodistally rounded, distal margin rounded, posterior margin straight, facial setae absent; basis distally expanded, stout, anterior margin with 3 setae, posterior margin bare; ischium bare; carpus 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length, curved, distally tapered, anterior margin smooth; propodus with 1 mediofacial setal row above midline, reaching 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length, without submarginal setae, posterior margin smooth, palm concave with 6 major and 3 minor tubercles; dactylus curved, proximal margin smooth, bare, anterior margin distally acute, reaching 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length. Pereopod 3 coxa length 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, anterodistal corner overriding distal face of coxa 2, not extending below it, smooth, bare, anterior margin straight, distal margin slightly rounded, posterior margin straight, facial setae absent. Pereopod 4 coxa smooth, bare, anterior margin straight, distal margin rounded, posterior margin straight, facial setae absent.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="31" start="start">Pereopods</pageBreakToken>
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5-7 coxae facial setae absent; bases width length ratios 1: 2.2, 1: 1.9, 1: 1.8, posterior margins serrate, bare.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 9.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype male, 1.6 mm, RUMF-ZC-1850; paratype female, 1.7 mm, RUMF-ZC-1851.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 10.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype male, 1.6 mm, RUMF-ZC-1850; paratype female, 1.7 mm, RUMF-ZC-1851.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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Pleon. Epimera 1-2 with ventral setae, epimeron 3 bare, posteroventral corner subquadrate. Uropods 1-3 relative lengths 1.0: 0.6: 0.9. Uropods 1-2 peduncles 0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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inner rami lengths, outer rami 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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inner rami lengths. Uropod 1 inner ramus with 2 robust setae, outer ramus with 1 robust seta. Uropod 2 inner and outer rami each with 1 robust seta. Uropod 3 peduncle and inner ramus 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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inner ramus length; inner and outer rami bare. Telson 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, apex rounded.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="female (sexually dimorphic characters)">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Female (sexually dimorphic characters).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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Gnathopod 1 basis anterior margin with 3 short setae; carpus distal margin with 7 long setae. Gnathopod 2 basis anterior margin with 3 distal tubercules, with 3 short and 2 medium setae, posterior margin with 1 short seta; propodus with 2 rows of submarginal setae, palm 5 major tubercles; dactylus reaching 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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propodus length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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After the Japanese word
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘enko’">'enko'</normalizedToken>
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, meaning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘arc’">'arc'</normalizedToken>
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and referring to the concave gnathopod 2 propodus palm (pronounced en-koh).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Host unknown, presumably living in sponges in coral rubble.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="relationships">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Relationships.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. fits into a distinct group of small species sharing a proximally inflated gnathopod 1 propodus and very strong dentition on the propodus palm of gnathopod 2. These species include
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe adelphe" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adelphe">Leucothoe adelphe</taxonomicName>
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White & Thomas, 2009,
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe micronesiae" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micronesiae">Leucothoe micronesiae</taxonomicName>
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Barnard, 1965, and
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe minuscula" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuscula">Leucothoe minuscula</taxonomicName>
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Schellenberg, 1938.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from these species in having the maxilla 1 palp 1-articulate with margins constricted, a proximally dentate gnathopod 1 carpus and propodus, posteriorly serrate pereopods 5-7 bases, and telson with a rounded apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Leucothoidae" genus="Leucothoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucothoe enko" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enko">Leucothoe enko</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is deep yellow in color with a small red eye (Figure 15C). This species is endemic to the central Ryukyu Islands. Upon further examination, this group of species may prove to be a part of a cryptic species complex, with different species inhabiting similar niches at different locations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="31">
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East China Sea:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Okinawa–jima">Okinawa-jima</normalizedToken>
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Island (Okinawa),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Okinoerabu–jima">Okinoerabu-jima</normalizedToken>
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Island and Tokunoshima Island (both Kagoshima), Japan.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |