284 lines
33 KiB
XML
284 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1137-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="038180F7C47A5FCBBD907481025DF21B" ID-ZooBank="9407DC6EB6B046AFA9C7F8DDCF542457" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1137-33" checkinTime="1671892186869" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neal, Lenka, Wiklund, Helena, Gunton, Laetitia M., Rabone, Muriel, Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G. & Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="0DD719E92EAA57DD9D76B40B9D99A178" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1137: 33-74" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1137" docPubDate="2022-12-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150" docTitle="Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="038180F7C47A5FCBBD907481025DF21B" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="038180F7C47A5FCBBD907481025DF21B" masterDocTitle="Abyssal fauna of polymetallic nodule exploration areas, eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida, Amphinomida)" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1671892489011" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Abyssal fauna of polymetallic nodule exploration areas, eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida, Amphinomida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neal, Lenka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK & Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden & Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 463, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gunton, Laetitia M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rabone, Muriel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-8724</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dahlgren, Thomas G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden & Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 463, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden & NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">a.glover@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-12-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1137</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>74</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1137-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9407DC6EB6B046AFA9C7F8DDCF542457</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">038180F7C47A5FCBBD907481025DF21B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0DD719E92EAA57DD9D76B40B9D99A178" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DD719E92EAA57DD9D76B40B9D99A178" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0DD719E9-2EAA-57DD-9D76-B40B9D99A178" authority="sp. NHM _ 6022 E" authorityName="sp. NHM _ 6022 E" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Paramphinome sp. NHM_6022E</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E A, B preserved specimen NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638 in dorsolateral view, branchiae (br) of chaetigers 4 and 5 marked by arrows C preserved specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.639, in dorsal view. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786211" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figs 11A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">, 12A-I</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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NHM_1167D, NHMUK ANEA 2022.638, coll.
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<date value="2015-02-26">26/02/2015</date>
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, EBS,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12.11550" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.1155">12.11550</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="117.16450" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.1645">-117.16450</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="m" value="4100.0">4100 m</quantity>
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, OMS, http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/fd4902df-aef2-44cf-991f-31905434c2a1; NHM_4044, NHMUK ANEA 2022.639, coll.
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<date value="2020-03-06">06/03/2020</date>
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, box core,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.27406" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="13.27406">13.27406</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116.69997" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.69997">-116.69997</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.185" unit="m" value="4185.0">4185 m</quantity>
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, UK-1, http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/56235559-3f2c-426e-b4cd-37462593a4ba; NHM_6022E, NHMUK ANEA 2022.640, coll.
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<date value="2020-11-13">13/11/2020</date>
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, box core,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10.35780" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.3578">10.35780</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="117.15931" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.15931">-117.15931</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.284" unit="m" value="4284.0">4284 m</quantity>
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, NORI-D, http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/bd4b405d-3e56-4671-909e-fdf9c3e7fbcf.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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(after
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 188" refId="B35" refString="Fauchald, K, 1977. The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series 28: 1 - 188" title="The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera." volume="28" year="1977">Fauchald (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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). All very small, poorly preserved and posteriorly incomplete specimens (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E A, B preserved specimen NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638 in dorsolateral view, branchiae (br) of chaetigers 4 and 5 marked by arrows C preserved specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.639, in dorsal view. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786211" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">11A-C</figureCitation>
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). Specimen NHMUK ANEA.2022.638, 1.65 mm long and 0.35 mm wide for ca. 7 discernible chaetigers. Prostomium broad, rounded, slightly longer than wide; with a pair of palps and lateral antennae and posteriorly with median antenna; all prostomial appendages tiny and globular to ovoid (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12A, B</figureCitation>
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). Two pairs of tiny reddish eyes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12A</figureCitation>
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) in trapezoidal arrangement, plus a pair of tiny, pigmented spots present posteroventrally on prostomium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12B</figureCitation>
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). Caruncle as a low-lying lobe, reduced, difficult to observe.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786211" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. NHM_6022E
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A, B</emphasis>
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preserved specimen NHMUK ANEA.2022.638 in dorsolateral view, branchiae (br) of chaetigers 4 and 5 marked by arrows
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
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preserved specimen, NHMUK ANEA.2022.639, in dorsal view. Scale bars: 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. NHM_6022E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA.2022.638)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
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anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
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prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
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detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
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branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
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notopodial hook from chaetiger 1
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
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dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G</emphasis>
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protruding acicular spine (ac)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">H</emphasis>
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spinose bifurcate chaeta
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">I</emphasis>
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long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A-C</emphasis>
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); 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D-I</emphasis>
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). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Parapodia biramous. Dorsal cirri small and ovoid (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12F</figureCitation>
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), ventral cirri not observed. Two pairs of branchiae present on chaetiger 4 and 5, comb-shaped with two main stalks branching into 4 terminal lobes (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E A, B preserved specimen NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638 in dorsolateral view, branchiae (br) of chaetigers 4 and 5 marked by arrows C preserved specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.639, in dorsal view. Scale bars: 500 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786211" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">11A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12C, D</figureCitation>
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). Stout, distally strongly curved hook present in each notopodium of chaetiger 1 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12E</figureCitation>
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). Other observable chaetae include stout spines, slightly subdistally swollen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12G</figureCitation>
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); slender bifurcate chaetae, their prongs significantly differing in length, the long prong marginally serrated (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12H</figureCitation>
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) and slender, long, smooth chaetae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paramphinome sp. NHM _ 6022 E (specimen, NHMUK ANEA. 2022.638) A anterior end in lateral view, with eyes and median antenna B prostomium in ventral view with palps and pigmented spots C detail of branchiae from chaetiger 4 in dorsolateral view D branchiae and dorsal lobe from chaetiger 4 in lateral view E notopodial hook from chaetiger 1 F dorsal lobe from chaetiger 2 G protruding acicular spine (ac) H spinose bifurcate chaeta I long spinose neurochaeta. Scale bars: 100 µm (A-C); 50 µm (D-I). Abbreviations: e - eyes, ma - median antenna, p - palps, ps - pigmented spots, ac - acicular spines." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786212" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">12I</figureCitation>
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). Posterior segments and pygidium not observed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="molecular information">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Molecular information.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Only one specimen, NHMUK ANEA.2022.640, was successfully sequenced for 16S and 18S (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. List of taxa presented in this paper - family, DNA taxonomy ID (a species-level identification based on combined DNA and morphological evidence), cruise record number, GUID (Global Unique Identifier link to data record at http: // data. nhm. ac. uk), NHMUK registration number (NHMUK), Molecular Collection facility (MCf) sample ID number (MCF no.) and NCBI GenBank accession numbers (COI / 16 S / 18 S AK no.) for successfully sequenced genetic markers. GenBank numbers for phylogenetic analysis data downloaded from GenBank are presented in Suppl. material 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/975BF9BB1DC46F3BF5AFB3BB09D145F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="975BF9BB1DC46F3BF5AFB3BB09D145F3">1</tableCitation>
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). There were no identical sequences for 16S on GenBank. In the phylogenetic tree this species falls as a sister taxon to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="McIntosh" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome jeffreysii" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jeffreysii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome jeffreysii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and an unidentified specimen,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Amphinomidae</taxonomicName>
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sp. RG-2014 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Majority-rule consensus trees from the Bayesian analyses with posterior probability values on nodes. Taxon names highlighted in blue are news species or new sequences for already known species. A Amphinomidae phylogenetic tree using a combined datasets for COI, 16 S, and 18 S with 26 terminal taxa of which Euphrosine foliosa (Euphrosinidae) was used as a root B Euphrosinidae phylogenetic tree using a combined datasets for 16 S and 18 S with nine terminal taxa of which Paramphinome jeffreysii (Amphinomidae) was used as a root." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786205" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">5A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Three very small posteriorly incomplete specimens were collected in CCZ samples. They differ from known species by its very small size and low number of branchial pairs (only two pairs) and undeveloped prostomial appendages, which are tiny and globular. While body size, number of segments and number of branchial pairs were previously linked to developmental stages (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" author="Kudenov, JD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series, Biology of the Antarctic Seas XXII" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="93 - 150" refId="B64" refString="Kudenov, JD, 1993. Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) principally from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic regions. Antarctic Research Series, Biology of the Antarctic Seas XXII 58: 93 - 150, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" title="Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) principally from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" volume="58" year="1993">Kudenov 1993</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315408001549" author="Barroso, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="743 - 746" refId="B3" refString="Barroso, R, Paiva, PC, 2008. A new deep-sea species of Paramphinome (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae) from southern Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88 (4): 743 - 746, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315408001549" title="A new deep-sea species of Paramphinome (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae) from southern Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315408001549" volume="88" year="2008">Barroso and Paiva 2008</bibRefCitation>
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), we believe that the three specimens presented here, collected during three different cruises up to eight years apart, represent a small-bodied species rather than juveniles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Of the known deep-sea
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, none were described from the abyssal depths.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fauchald & Hancock" authorityYear="1981" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome pacifica" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pacifica">
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|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome pacifica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fauchald & Hancock, 1981 has been described from NE Pacific Ocean: off central Oregon (USA), 1800-2900 m; (type locality: Cascadia Abyssal Plain, 2860 m).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1930" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome australis" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Monro, 1930 has type locality off Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Southern Ocean in depths between 244-344 m, although it has been widely reported from the Southern Ocean (
|
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" author="Kudenov, JD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series, Biology of the Antarctic Seas XXII" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="93 - 150" refId="B64" refString="Kudenov, JD, 1993. Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) principally from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic regions. Antarctic Research Series, Biology of the Antarctic Seas XXII 58: 93 - 150, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" title="Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) principally from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR058p0093" volume="58" year="1993">Kudenov 1993</bibRefCitation>
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) and also the abyssal Atlantic (
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<bibRefCitation author="Boeggemann, M" journalOrPublisher="Organisms, Diversity & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="251 - 428" refId="B14" refString="Boeggemann, M, 2009. Polychaetes (Annelida) of the abyssal SE Atlantic. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 9 (4-5): 251 - 428" title="Polychaetes (Annelida) of the abyssal SE Atlantic." volume="9" year="2009">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Böggemann">Boeggemann</normalizedToken>
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2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barroso & Paiva" authorityYear="2008" class="Polychaeta" family="Amphinomidae" genus="Paramphinome" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramphinome posterobranchiata" order="Amphinomida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="posterobranchiata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Paramphinome posterobranchiata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Barroso & Paiva, 2008 has type locality in South Atlantic, off Brazil at 1600 m depth. Finally,
|
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. jeffreysii" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="jeffreysii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">P. jeffreysii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has type locality in St. Lawrence estuary (shallow depths), but has been widely reported, even from great depths (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.07.004" author="Gunton, LM" journalOrPublisher="Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="42 - 54" refId="B47" refString="Gunton, LM, Neal, L, Gooday, AJ, Bett, BJ, Glover, AG, 2015. Benthic polychaete diversity patterns and community structure in the Whittard Canyon system and adjacent slope (NE Atlantic). Deep-sea Research. Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers 106: 42 - 54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.07.004" title="Benthic polychaete diversity patterns and community structure in the Whittard Canyon system and adjacent slope (NE Atlantic). Deep-sea Research." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.07.004" volume="106" year="2015">Gunton et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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) and specimens ascribed to this taxon likely represents different species (see Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Majority-rule consensus trees from the Bayesian analyses with posterior probability values on nodes. Taxon names highlighted in blue are news species or new sequences for already known species. A Amphinomidae phylogenetic tree using a combined datasets for COI, 16 S, and 18 S with 26 terminal taxa of which Euphrosine foliosa (Euphrosinidae) was used as a root B Euphrosinidae phylogenetic tree using a combined datasets for 16 S and 18 S with nine terminal taxa of which Paramphinome jeffreysii (Amphinomidae) was used as a root." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786205" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">5A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">It is likely that the CCZ-collected specimens represent a new species; however, their tiny size and poor morphological preservation prevent its formal description, therefore the specimens are assigned to morphospecies only.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Central Pacific Ocean, Eastern CCZ, the exploration contract areas UK-1, OMS, and NORI-D (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of CCZ of exploration areas and areas of particular interest, with targeted areas where samples of this study were collected highlighted in colours (see legend for explanation)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1137.86150.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/786201" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |