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<document id="FCB7E0F24D8A3387F603D68C7F35C264" ID-DOI="10.24823/EJB.2022.405" ID-ISSN="1747-0036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524193" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1704824771392" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ardi, W. H. &amp; Thomas, D. C." docDate="2022" docId="03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5" docLanguage="en" docName="EdinbJBot.79.405.1-50.pdf" docOrigin="Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (405)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2022.405" docStyle="DocumentStyle:73DE8CF451BB5BCBD336E07A8276E690.4:EdinbJBot.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="73DE8CF451BB5BCBD336E07A8276E690" docStyleName="EdinbJBot.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Begonia kinhoi Ardi &amp; D. C. Thomas 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFC6867CFFA3FFD7FFED133F9D07FFE7" masterDocTitle="SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1705518042240" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="BDFA4FDA0A9755DCB615976E285FBC60">SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="018FD257117717A4B537099F61832869" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3E25A47B148BBFC290B07F78E79108D1">
<mods:roleTerm id="8E0C56BBB34FAD1A3D3D505477084117">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="76107E6D9ACF219EDDCFBE0980A9C13C">Ardi, W. H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5ACC5949F005BE2E6CE6AA0FBFF298E8">Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia. E-mail: wisn 005 @ brin. go. id.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="589F5713E3A0992A29C43930F00F5D4B" type="email">wisn005@brin.go.id</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="173177BCAD73FE1D0C5B072F2F18A8CC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BB844CAD7976847D26C31D0310913FC2">
<mods:roleTerm id="CB6ACFCA4FED2116128D9F8E6B233B7B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7F9D7BA804931E07B5B2139CCD08A235">Thomas, D. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6D3D37F940BA8811E810A0CCC8015689">Research and Conservation, Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BF061F7BB1E9654BDF2A46B48142DC43">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0CF894B34C3FF1E8CB6138E21487D2A8">Edinburgh Journal of Botany</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="983D6D7B0A8149BBA45A788C9E90C18E">
<mods:date id="0B1B8D29964883DF4610971774427C01">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D6C6853BA78AD6B8E373D83ACD705E69" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="91BD81842550B3A13DB739A5DC7534AF">2022-08-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="BBD1358814CFC4002094A1FBB3B60122" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4A2FFCE2E8CE047CF2AB8A638FD0A12F">79</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4937E24FCF8D879FB765C3A616877370" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A76D3797E77055E0441E56E97C2526D0">405</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8681C3709BD4829F1C19EE54720DFF74">http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2022.405</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C01D15F609BE1AFBB98AE280A69C1177">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="49D80A2E4B4E5E441F1EDC4A64872ECC" type="DOI">10.24823/EJB.2022.405</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6C6EAB1441EB5BF52A12BF7AF6D3C6AF" type="ISSN">1747-0036</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="49F30EE368767F5EFB162B30AD9F642B" type="Zenodo-Dep">10524193</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFBBFFCFFF9410CB9E34FBEA" box="[121,819,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBBFFCFFF9410CB9E34FBEA" blockId="24.[121,819,1012,1037]" box="[121,819,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0A1F87EFFBBFFCFFF9410CB9E34FBEA" box="[121,819,1012,1037]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF9410CB9D9AFBEA" bold="true" box="[121,157,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFBBFFCFFF4910CB9F2EFBEA" ID-CoL="B8QXR" authority="Ardi &amp; D.C.Thomas" authorityName="Ardi &amp; D. C. Thomas" authorityYear="2022" box="[164,553,1012,1037]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kinhoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF4910CB9C4BFBEA" bold="true" box="[164,332,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Begonia kinhoi</emphasis>
Ardi &amp; D.C.Thomas
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFDDE10CB9F8CFBEA" bold="true" box="[563,651,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2112E7BFFBBFFCFFDDE10CB9F8CFBEA" box="[563,651,1012,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
§
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFD4510CB9E34FBEA" box="[680,819,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Petermannia</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFBBFFCFFF7A17259F52FAF4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBBFFCFFF7A17259F52FAF4" blockId="24.[151,1153,1050,1373]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFBBFFCFFEA517259FB0FBD4" authority="M. Hughes" authorityName="M. Hughes" box="[328,695,1050,1075]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macintyreana">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFEA517259F3BFBD4" box="[328,572,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Begonia macintyreana</emphasis>
M.Hughes
</taxonomicName>
in its erect growth habit, glabrous stems and leaves, and compound thyrse with monochasial partial inflorescences, but it can be easily distinguished by the much shorter peduncles of the female inflorescences (c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF5917B59DF2FB44" box="[180,245,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long vs
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFEB917B59CD7FB44" box="[340,464,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">1420 mm</quantity>
long); smaller female flower tepals (1216 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFC3F17B59935FB44" box="[978,1074,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">79 mm</quantity>
vs c.20 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF0E17909C33FB2F" box="[227,308,1199,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
) with rounded apex (vs apex acute); cylindrical ovary (vs ovary ellipsoid to obovoid); and longer, pendulous fruit pedicels, which are
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFCFA17EB9E94FB0A" box="[791,915,1236,1261]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="13.0">1323 mm</quantity>
long (vs fruit pedicel c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF4617C59DFDFAF4" box="[171,250,1274,1299]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
long, stiff and not pendulous).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFBBFFCFFDB617C59DFCFABA" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBBFFCFFDB617C59DFCFABA" blockId="24.[151,1153,1050,1373]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFBBFFCFFDB617C59E24FADF" collectingDate="2019-01-30" collectionCode="BO" collectorName="W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" location="Gunung Klabat" municipality="Type" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFBBFFCFFD5917C59E23FAF4" box="[692,804,1274,1299]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFBBFFCFFCC317C59E92FAF4" box="[814,917,1274,1299]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
, North Sulawesi,
<location id="8E8919C9FFBBFFCFFF7A16209C38FADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5:8E8919C9FFBBFFCFFF7A16209C38FADF" box="[151,319,1311,1336]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Type" name="Gunung Klabat" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Sulawesi">Gunung Klabat</location>
,
<date id="FFE869D2FFBBFFCFFEA416209CB2FADF" box="[329,437,1311,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2019-01-30">
<collectingDate id="EFAC903AFFBBFFCFFEA416209CB2FADF" box="[329,437,1311,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2019-01-30">30 i 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFE5216209F54FADF" box="[447,595,1311,1336]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFBBFFCFFE5216209F23FADF" box="[447,548,1311,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
W.I.
</emphasis>
386 (
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFBBFFCFFD7C16209FF2FADF" box="[657,757,1311,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFBBFFCFFD1116209E27FADF" box="[764,800,1311,1336]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFBBFFCFFCC416209DF4FABA" collectingDate="2019-01-30" collectionCode="CEB, FIPIA, SING" collectorName="W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" location="Gunung Klabat" municipality="Type" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFBBFFCFFCC416209E8FFADF" box="[809,904,1311,1336]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFBBFFCFFC6216209EC7FADF" box="[911,960,1311,1336]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14168" name="Tadulako University" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">CEB</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFBBFFCFFC241620990FFADF" box="[969,1032,1311,1336]" collectionName="FIPIA" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13104" name="Institut Teknologi Bandung" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">FIPIA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFBBFFCFFBFF16209955FADF" box="[1042,1106,1311,1336]" collectionName="SING" country="Singapore" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15640" name="Singapore Botanic Gardens" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">SING</collectionCode>
).
<figureCitation id="136D5397FFBBFFCFFF7A167B9DF4FABA" box="[151,243,1348,1373]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="25.[121,185,1479,1501]" captionTargetBox="[121,1164,265,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-9@25.[121,1164,265,1458]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 8. Begonia kinhoi Ardi &amp; D.C.Thomas, sp. nov. A, Habit; B, lamina; C, stipule; D, male inflorescence; E, female inflorescence; F, female flower (front view); G, infructescence; H, ovary (crosssection of middle part). AH from W.H. Ardi WI390. Photographs: W. H. Ardi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524217/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF7A167B9DF4FABA" bold="true" box="[151,243,1348,1373]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 8</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF19167B9DFCFABA" bold="true" box="[244,251,1348,1373]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFBBFFCDFF9416469968FBEA" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBBFFCFFF941646993BF9E5" blockId="24.[121,1154,1401,1687]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Perennial, monoecious herb, erect, up to c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFDB916469F9AFA75" box="[596,669,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
tall.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFD3816469E09FA75" box="[725,782,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Stem</emphasis>
branched; internodes
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFBE516469969FA75" box="[1032,1134,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="3.0">313 cm</quantity>
long, swollen at the nodes, brownish-reddish, glabrous except for the microscopic glandular hairs.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF5316FC9C0CFA3B" box="[190,267,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leaves</emphasis>
basifixed, alternate;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFE1E16FC9F4EFA3B" box="[499,585,1475,1500]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">stipules</emphasis>
semi-persistent, 714 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFC8D16FC9EC5FA3B" box="[864,962,1475,1500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">46 mm</quantity>
, ovate to oblong, with an abaxially slightly prominent midrib, apex narrowed into bristle projecting up to
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBBFFCDFF9415319957FD5A" blockId="24.[121,1154,1401,1687]" lastBlockId="26.[121,1162,266,1037]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF9415319DBBF9C0" box="[121,188,1550,1575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, margin entire and recurved, pale green, translucent at the margin, abaxially hairy;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFF94150B9DD7F9AA" box="[121,208,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">petioles</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF3B150B9C2AF9AA" box="[214,301,1588,1613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">39 cm</quantity>
long, terete, not channelled, concolorous with the stem, glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBBFFCFFBFA150B9966F9AA" box="[1047,1121,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">lamina</emphasis>
9.519 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFBBFFCFFF0915669C3AF995" box="[228,317,1625,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">37 cm</quantity>
, asymmetrical, ovate to elliptic, base cordate and lobes not or just slightly overlapping, apex acuminate, margin scalloped, denticulate, adaxial surface green, with red veins, glabrous, abaxial pale green, glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD9812359FD5FEC4" box="[629,722,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">venation</emphasis>
palmate-pinnate, primary veins 68, actinodromous, secondary veins craspedodromous.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD2512109E6FFEAF" box="[712,872,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Inflorescences</emphasis>
protogynous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFBE512109C1FFE8A" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">female inflorescences</emphasis>
basal to male, 2-flowered, peduncles c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFD34126B9E11FE8A" box="[729,790,340,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFCB7126B992DFE8A" box="[858,1066,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">male inflorescence</emphasis>
a compound thyrse with up to 3 lateral partial inflorescences (thyrses or the upper partial inflorescences developed as simple cymes), each with up to 3 monochasial cymes, each with 25 flowers, peduncle of partial inflorescence c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFD2112FB9E1AFE3A" box="[716,797,452,477]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
long, bracts caducous.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFBC612FB9DCEFDE4" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Male flowers</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF3B12D59C36FDE4" box="[214,305,490,515]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">pedicels</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFED412D59CB2FDE4" box="[313,437,490,515]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">1015 mm</quantity>
long, white-pinkish, glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFCEA12D59E4DFDE4" box="[775,842,490,515]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">tepals</emphasis>
2, white to white tinged with pink, 711.5 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFEBB11309CDCFDCF" box="[342,475,527,552]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="11.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="8.75" valueMax="11.5" valueMin="6.0">611.5 mm</quantity>
, ovate to broadly ovate, base slightly cordate, apex obtuse, outer surface glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFE68110B9F00FDAA" box="[389,519,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">androecium</emphasis>
of c.75 stamens, yellow, filaments up to c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFC07110B9920FDAA" box="[1002,1063,564,589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, slightly fused at the very base, anthers up to c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFD6411659FC0FD94" box="[649,711,602,627]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, oblong to narrowly obovate, dehiscing through unilaterally positioned slits that are c.1/2 as long as the anthers.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFBCB11409DCEFD5A" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Female flowers</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF3B119B9C36FD5A" box="[214,305,676,701]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">pedicels</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFED4119B9C99FD5A" box="[313,414,676,701]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">812 cm</quantity>
long, pale green, glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD3F119B9E12FD5A" box="[722,789,676,701]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">tepals</emphasis>
5, white, subequal, 1216 ×
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF291F9AFFBAFFCEFF9416F89E7CF9C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524217" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524217/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[121,185,1479,1501]" targetBox="[121,1164,265,1458]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFBAFFCEFF9416F89E7CF9C7" blockId="25.[121,1147,1479,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBAFFCEFF9416F89DD5FA3A" bold="true" box="[121,210,1479,1501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFBAFFCEFF3416F89F28FA3A" authority="Ardi &amp; D.C.Thomas" authorityName="Ardi &amp; D. C. Thomas" authorityYear="2022" box="[217,559,1479,1501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kinhoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBAFFCEFF3416F89C6DFA3A" box="[217,362,1479,1501]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Begonia kinhoi</emphasis>
Ardi &amp; D.C.Thomas
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2112E7BFFBAFFCEFDD516F89F80FA3A" box="[568,647,1479,1501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, Habit; B, lamina; C, stipule; D, male inflorescence; E, female inflorescence; F, female flower (front view); G, infructescence; H, ovary (crosssection of middle part). AH from
<emphasis id="B9229300FFBAFFCEFE3B15359F36F9C7" box="[470,561,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">W.H. Ardi</emphasis>
WI390. Photographs: W. H. Ardi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF9411F5994BFC0F" blockId="26.[121,1162,266,1037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFF9411F59DDCFD04" box="[121,219,714,739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">79 mm</quantity>
, ovate to elliptic, outer surface glabrous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD4411F59FE3FD04" box="[681,740,714,739]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ovary</emphasis>
(excluding wings) 913 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFBE211F59981FD04" box="[1039,1158,714,739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.0">34.5 mm</quantity>
, cylindrical, pale green, glabrous, locules 3, placentation axile, placentae bilamellate, wings 3, equal, pale green, base mostly cuneate, sometimes rounded, apex truncate to subtruncate, up to
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFF5410059DFCFCB4" box="[185,251,826,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
at widest point (apically or subapically);
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD2A10059FFDFCB4" box="[711,762,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">style</emphasis>
c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFCFC10059E6CFCB4" box="[785,875,826,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long, basally fused, 3-branched, each stylodium bifurcate in the stigmatic region, stigmatic surface a spirally twisted papillose band, orange.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFE3310BB9F1BFC7A" box="[478,540,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fruits</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFDC410BB9F9EFC7A" box="[553,665,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">peduncles</emphasis>
c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFD5510BB9FF2FC7A" box="[696,757,900,925]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFCD710BB9E92FC7A" box="[826,917,900,925]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">pedicels</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFC7110BB991FFC7A" box="[924,1048,900,925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="13.0">1323 mm</quantity>
long, pendulous;
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF1610959CBCFC24" box="[251,443,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">seed-bearing part</emphasis>
cylindrical, 1222 ×
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFD4910959E29FC24" box="[676,814,938,963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.54.5 mm</quantity>
(excluding the wings), glabrous, dehiscent, splitting along the wing attachment, wing shape as for ovary, up to
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF9410CB9968FBEA" blockId="26.[121,1162,266,1037]" box="[121,1135,1012,1037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFF9410CB9DDAFBEA" box="[121,221,1012,1037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
at the widest point (apically or subapically).
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFD3810CB9E1FFBEA" box="[725,792,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Seeds</emphasis>
barrel-shaped, c.
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFC3B10CB9928FBEA" box="[982,1071,1012,1037]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB9FFCDFF9417169E97FB80" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF9417169E97FB80" blockId="26.[121,1076,1065,1127]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF9417169DF0FBA5" box="[121,247,1065,1090]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFB9FFCDFEE817169C71FBA5" box="[261,374,1065,1090]" name="Indonesia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
: endemic to
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB9FFCDFDE817169F6BFBA5" box="[517,620,1065,1090]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB9FFCDFD9817169E8EFBA5" box="[629,905,1065,1090]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">North Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
(eastern North biogeographical region), Gunung Klabat, Gunung Lokon (see
<figureCitation id="136D5397FFB9FFCDFCC917719E87FB80" box="[804,896,1102,1127]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,185,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[121,1164,265,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[121,1164,265,1554]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution maps of Begonia species occurring on the northern arm of Sulawesi. Distribution points are from georeferenced collections from major herbarium collections (B, BO, E, K, KRB, L, SING), the Begonia Resource Centre (Hughes et al., 2015) and the Sulawesi Begonia Data Portal (Thomas et al., 2013, continuously updated)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524197/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFCC917719E87FB80" bold="true" box="[804,896,1102,1127]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figure 2</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB9FFCDFF9417BC9953FB7B" box="[121,1108,1155,1180]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF9417BC9953FB7B" blockId="26.[121,1108,1155,1180]" box="[121,1108,1155,1180]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF9417BC9DCEFB7B" box="[121,201,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Habitat</emphasis>
. Strongly disturbed lowland to upland secondary forest at
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB9FFCDFCB017BC9ED8FB7B" box="[861,991,1155,1180]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="625.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="350.0">350900 m</quantity>
elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB9FFCDFF9417889E37FB12" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF9417889E37FB12" blockId="26.[121,1143,1207,1269]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF9417889DEBFB37" box="[121,236,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet of
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB9FFCDFE1617889F9AFB37" authorityName="Ardi &amp; D. C. Thomas" authorityYear="2022" box="[507,669,1207,1232]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kinhoi">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFE1617889F9AFB37" box="[507,669,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Begonia kinhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in honour of Julianus Kinho, researcher at the Forestry Research Institute of Manado,
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB9FFCDFD9017E39E2BFB12" box="[637,812,1244,1269]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB9FFCDFF94162E9981F99D" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB9FFCDFF94162E9981F99D" blockId="26.[121,1158,1297,1658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFF94162E9F1CFACD" box="[121,539,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Proposed IUCN conservation category</emphasis>
. Critically Endangered (CR), B2ab(iii).
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB9FFCDFC2A162E996FFACD" authorityName="Ardi &amp; D. C. Thomas" authorityYear="2022" box="[967,1128,1297,1322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kinhoi">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB9FFCDFC2A162E996FFACD" box="[967,1128,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Begonia kinhoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only two localities (Gunung Klabat and Gunung Lokon), and two small populations were observed on Gunung Klabat. The
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFB9FFCDFD5516639FEFFA92" box="[696,744,1372,1397]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
locality is a popular mountaineering track in
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB9FFCDFF3E16BE9C85FA7D" box="[211,386,1409,1434]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">North Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
. The forests of Gunung Klabat and Gunung Lokon have no legal status as protected areas, and potential threats, such as tourism and agriculture, were observed in the area. Gunung Klabat is relatively poorly collected, and this species is likely to have a wider range in the forests of Gunung Klabat and Gunung Lokon. However, even if this is the case, its small EOO and AOO, in combination with the observed threats and anthropogenic disturbances (including coconut and vegetable plantations) would still support a Critically Endangered status (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC732E3FFB9FFCDFDD9155E9971F99D" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Subcommittee" box="[564,1142,1633,1658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref26226" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf" type="book" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB8FFCCFF9412369C02FE85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB8FFCCFF9412369C02FE85" blockId="27.[121,1136,265,354]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFF9412369CA1FEF8" box="[121,422,265,287]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Additional specimen examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB8FFCCFE5E12369E3BFEA6" collectingDate="2019-01-30" collectionCode="BO, FIPIA, SING" collectorName="W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" location="Gunung Klabat" municipality="Northern" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi">
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFB8FFCCFE5E12369F1FFEF8" box="[435,536,265,287]" name="Indonesia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB8FFCCFDC912369F86FEF8" box="[548,641,265,287]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFD6612369E28FEF8" bold="true" box="[651,815,265,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DD568FFB8FFCCFD6612369FE2FEF8" box="[651,741,265,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Northern</collectingMunicipality>
arm of
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFCD812369E88FEF8" bold="true" box="[821,911,265,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sulawesi</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFC7612369DD3FEA6" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Eastern North Sulawesi</emphasis>
:
<location id="8E8919C9FFB8FFCCFF3212149C71FEA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFBBFFCCFF9410CB9F9FFDB5:8E8919C9FFB8FFCCFF3212149C71FEA6" box="[223,374,299,321]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Northern" name="Gunung Klabat" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Sulawesi">Gunung Klabat</location>
,
<date id="FFE869D2FFB8FFCCFE9212149CD8FEA6" box="[383,479,299,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2019-01-30">
<collectingDate id="EFAC903AFFB8FFCCFE9212149CD8FEA6" box="[383,479,299,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2019-01-30">30 i 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFE0512149F45FEA6" box="[488,578,299,321]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB8FFCCFE0512149F45FEA6" box="[488,578,299,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
</emphasis>
WI390 (
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB8FFCCFD7812149FB1FEA6" box="[661,694,299,321]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB8FFCCFD5312149FF1FEA6" box="[702,758,299,321]" collectionName="FIPIA" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13104" name="Institut Teknologi Bandung" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Herbarium">FIPIA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB8FFCCFD1212149E30FEA6" box="[767,823,299,321]" collectionName="SING" country="Singapore" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15640" name="Singapore Botanic Gardens" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Herbarium">SING</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB8FFCCFCA812149C06FE85" collectionCode="BO" collectorName="D. Girmansyah" country="Indonesia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern">
Gunung Lokon,
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB8FFCCFC0F12149977FEA6" box="[994,1136,299,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFC0F12149EF5FEA6" box="[994,1010,299,321]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">D</emphasis>
. Girmansyah
</collectorName>
DG1298 (
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB8FFCCFF3B12739DFDFE85" box="[214,250,332,354]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB8FFCCFF9412409F9FFDB5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB8FFCCFF9412409F9FFDB5" blockId="27.[121,1153,383,594]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Generative characters such as the shortly pedunculate female inflorescences and infructescences and pendulous fruit differentiate this new species from the similar species
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB8FFCCFF9712F69C6AFE05" box="[122,365,457,482]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macintyreana">
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFF9712F69C6AFE05" box="[122,365,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Begonia macintyreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see diagnosis). This character combination can also be found in
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB8FFCCFF9712D09C39FDEF" box="[122,318,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB8FFCCFF9712D09DD4FDEF" box="[122,211,495,520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Begonia</taxonomicName>
johntania
</emphasis>
, which can be easily distinguished, however, by its densely hairy stem and petioles, compressed paniculate-cymose male inflorescences, and smaller male flowers with tepals that are hairy on the abaxial surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>