335 lines
33 KiB
XML
335 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="839852963A589C364DC71294F73E2236" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1697436652507" checkinUser="lydiamadika" docAuthor="Madika, Lydia K. & Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng" docDate="2022" docId="03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys.193.9-42.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 193" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270" docTitle="Cynoglossum spelaeum Hilliard & B. L. Burtt" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FFC6AB52FFFAFFB7FFB15739FF828528" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1710426499899" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="B96A84A7919EB59D6F28BE58491595D4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A6BFACEF430DF0A0714505EDE977D929">
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<mods:title id="774E91551AE5CDC20ADDB94DF7318C94">Taxonomic revision of the southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="89C476FE25083C648E530E98AB90FA6D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0D6C3B479E3ECA4482DE4B2BB9B81DEC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B38D89F6EE17B417607C3A1D8E9D3635">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D2A537EA4002B8AA3DFA621BAE404290">Madika, Lydia K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2E00A8C6E04BA11818A37FBF9D10A9F7">Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="B054AD74980569F7FD6684DBFE949D83" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E28D1C79F26E2076393EDD6D157D8D7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FF90884D507DB7399A999CF31EAB1F86">Moteetee, Annah Ntsamaeeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="82DC1BB4C8C07CD1EBD68530EA019ED5">Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C1B4BE6677C8551557EC49D645FC0FBF" type="email">amoteetee@uj.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="868DDB06C403278004C2577AC1F4AB27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1974A2ABD90DF38FFCADCF9C0CF9335C">
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<mods:title id="36061E4E363C5F2D0873005ECC2FE7B3">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7E3CC39B4FF477B142EFB75B38E0C167">
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<mods:date id="869A7FE2C93125F7C98825779CE12FB3">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DD38AE29C7A05AAE7DE4AAE6A0705E8E" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="2ACAE1BBA71F9B22DB97AADBA45EC32A">2022-03-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="AAB523CF8687D01ED710B731F58C6B43" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B093BED4F6869D8331450D2DACBCE560">193</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="8DDCB930A983027FCBFE97D5C7C06595" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="0EB7D07421D9636872C80F77CB77FF77">9</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="F1061D5201DA679D3CE7595308356B34">42</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="A4A4DB02B35A3C47B21D64DAAC028409">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="CCF794CAFA25D0EE9ABF927363EB684F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3DA28978E3A7A464113A3A75CDEB0260" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.193.72270</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE6FFABFF3D54CAFE3B8118" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE6FFABFF3D54CAFE3B8118" blockId="28.[140,1107,1011,1073]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFF3D54CAFE3B8118" bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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8.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF7442DFFE6FFABFF1C54CAFE368118" author="Hilliard & B. L. Burtt" issue="2" journal="Notes Roy. Bot. Gard., Edinburgh" page="287" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" score="292.7870110198054" volume="37" year="1979">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE6FFABFF1C54CAFD478125" ID-CoL="6C6GF" authority="Hilliard & B. L. Burtt" authorityName="Hilliard & B. L. Burtt" box="[173,709,1011,1038]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFF1C54CAFE3E8126" bold="true" box="[173,444,1011,1038]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Cynoglossum spelaeum</emphasis>
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Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibCitation id="5E7C6A50FFE6FFABFD4054CAFE368118" issue="2" journal="Notes Roy. Bot. Gard., Edinburgh" page="287" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" score="292.7870110198054" volume="37" year="1979">
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Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.,
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<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFE6FFABFBA154CAFF578119" country="United Kingdom" name="City of Edinburgh" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Edinburgh</collectingRegion>
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37(2): 287 (1979)
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE6FFABFF3D5364FB9D815F" box="[140,1055,1117,1143]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE6FFABFF3D5364FB9D815F" blockId="28.[140,1055,1117,1143]" box="[140,1055,1117,1143]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E6861FFE6FFABFF3D5364FB99815F" box="[140,1051,1117,1143]" country="Lesotho" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE6FFABFF3D5364FE58815F" ID-CoL="6BV36" authority="Weim" authorityName="Weim" box="[140,474,1117,1143]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="basuticum">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFF3D5364FE09815F" box="[140,395,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Cynoglossum basuticum</emphasis>
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Weim
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</taxonomicName>
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.ex Guillarmod, Fl.
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<collectingCountry id="F34122ACFFE6FFABFD075364FC92815F" box="[694,784,1117,1143]" name="Lesotho" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
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233 (1973), nom. nud
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE6FFABFF3D539AFBD1802D" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE6FFABFF3D539AFBD1802D" blockId="28.[140,1108,1187,1636]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3E6861FFE6FFABFF3D539AFBCD802D" collectingDate="1977-03-20" collectionCode="CD" collectorName="O. M. Hilliard & B. L. Burtt" country="South Africa" location="Underberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFF3D539AFF4C8195" bold="true" box="[140,206,1187,1213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Type.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34122ACFFE6FFABFF6A539AFEF28195" box="[219,368,1187,1213]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" value="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
♀♂,
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||
<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFE6FFABFE0F539AFDF08195" box="[446,626,1187,1213]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<location id="8E8934E7FFE6FFABFD35539AFD7C8195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C:8E8934E7FFE6FFABFD35539AFD7C8195" box="[644,766,1187,1213]" country="South Africa" name="Underberg" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Underberg</location>
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(2929):
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<collectingRegion id="4992ACDEFFE6FFABFCDF539AFBCD8195" box="[878,1103,1187,1213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Underberg District</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<location id="8E8934E7FFE6FFABFF3D53FFFE1E81C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C:8E8934E7FFE6FFABFF3D53FFFE1E81C8" box="[140,412,1222,1249]" country="South Africa" name="Cobham Forest Station" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Cobham Forest Station</location>
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,
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<location id="8E8934E7FFE6FFABFE1853FFFDB781C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFD32AFFE6FFA9FF3D54CAFDD8834C:8E8934E7FFE6FFABFE1853FFFDB781C8" box="[425,565,1222,1248]" country="South Africa" name="Polela valley" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Polela valley</location>
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(-CD),
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||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE6FFABFD2953FEFCB481C9" box="[664,822,1223,1249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" value="1977-03-20">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFACBD14FFE6FFABFD2953FEFCB481C9" box="[664,822,1223,1249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" value="1977-03-20">20 Mar 1977</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFCF453FEFC6481C8" box="[837,998,1222,1249]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<collectorName id="26A307EAFFE6FFABFCF453FEFC6481C8" box="[837,998,1222,1249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">O.M. Hilliard</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFB9553FEFE8A802C" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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<collectorName id="26A307EAFFE6FFABFB9553FEFF44802B" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">B.L. Burtt</collectorName>
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9728
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</emphasis>
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(E,
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||
<typeStatus id="54EDDC9EFFE6FFABFE8953D3FE19802C" box="[312,411,1258,1284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
image! K-image!, NU-image! PRE-image! [2 sheets]
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||
<typeStatus id="54EDDC9EFFE6FFABFC4353D3FBC5802D" box="[1010,1095,1258,1285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
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)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE6FFABFF085234FDB1834C" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE6FFABFF085234FD728369" blockId="28.[140,1108,1187,1636]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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Perennial herbs, ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFE1E5234FDA9800F" box="[431,555,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 m</quantity>
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in height. Basal leaves 130–235×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFC765234FBCD800F" box="[967,1103,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">25–35 mm</quantity>
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, spathulate-obtuse, soft hairs, deciduous, margins entire. Stem leaves 40–80×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFBBD5209FF3F8046" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 mm</quantity>
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, obtuse shaped, dark green adaxial surface, grey green abaxial surface, smooth margins, soft hairs, sparsely packed. Trichomes unicellular, simple on both leaf surfaces, soft. Inflorescence corymbose panicle; threadlike pedicel
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFCEA52A0FC22809C" box="[859,928,1433,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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long. Calyx ca. 1.5–2.0 mm long, lobes lanceolate-oblong, softly hairy on the outer surface, inner surface smooth, apex acute. Corolla white; lobes ca. 3×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFCB252D9FCC580D3" box="[771,839,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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diameter, obtuse. Nutlets ovoid, ca. 4×
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<quantity id="4CAECFD9FFE6FFABFEFC513AFE118336" box="[333,403,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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; glochidia more marginal and acentric, marginal glochidia are longer compared to the acentric glochidia (
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<figureCitation id="136D7EB9FFE6FFABFDC0511FFD608369" box="[625,738,1574,1601]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="29.[140,210,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,917]" captionTargetId="figure-191@29.[140,1108,165,917]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 17. Morphological features of C. spelaeum A line drawing of a fruiting branch showing stem with alternate, sessile, spathulate leaves B SEM micrograph of nutlet showing more marginal and acentric glochidia C close-up SEM micrograph showing glochidia with multiangular hooks. Voucher specimen: A. Nicholas and B. Isaacs 1965 (PRE). Drawing scale 8.0 mm. SEM images scale bars: 1 mm (B); 200 µm (C)." pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Figure 17</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE6FFABFF085173FDB1834C" blockId="28.[140,1108,1187,1636]" box="[185,563,1610,1636]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE6FFABFF085173FEBC834C" bold="true" box="[185,318,1610,1636]" pageId="28" pageNumber="37">Phenology.</emphasis>
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||
December to March.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF2932B4FFE7FFAAFF3D549EFB878134" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" startId="29.[140,210,935,957]" targetBox="[140,1108,165,917]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE7FFAAFF3D549EFB878134" blockId="29.[140,1108,935,1053]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">
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||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF3D549EFF758695" bold="true" box="[140,247,935,957]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE7FFAAFE56549EFDCD8694" box="[487,591,935,956]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFE56549EFDCD8694" box="[487,591,935,956]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">C. spelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFDE2549EFDE48695" bold="true" box="[595,614,935,957]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">A</emphasis>
|
||
line drawing of a fruiting branch showing stem with alternate, sessile, spathulate leaves
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFE1C54FEFE3C86F5" bold="true" box="[429,446,967,989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B</emphasis>
|
||
SEM micrograph of nutlet showing more marginal and acentric glochidia
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF3D54DEFF1D86D5" bold="true" box="[140,159,999,1021]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
|
||
close-up SEM micrograph showing glochidia with multiangular hooks. Voucher specimen:
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFC5F54DEFBD186D4" box="[1006,1107,999,1020]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">A. Nicholas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF02533EFEB38133" box="[179,305,1030,1052]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B. Isaacs 1965</emphasis>
|
||
(PRE). Drawing scale 8.0 mm. SEM images scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFCDC533EFCFC8135" bold="true" box="[877,894,1031,1053]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 200 µm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFC54533EFC7A8135" bold="true" box="[997,1016,1031,1053]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE7FFAAFF085364FCF1815F" box="[185,883,1117,1143]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE7FFAAFF085364FCF1815F" blockId="29.[140,1108,1117,1636]" box="[185,883,1117,1143]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF085364FE2C815F" bold="true" box="[185,430,1117,1143]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
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Least Concern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFE7FFAAFDD95364FCE4815F" author="Raimondo" box="[616,870,1117,1143]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raimondo" journalOrPublisher="Pretoria" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" pagination="23 - 35" part="86" refId="ref17448" refString="Raimondo D, von Staden L, Foden W, Victor JE, Helme NA, Turner RC, Kamundi DA, Manyama PA (2009) Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 86: 23 - 35." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute" type="journal article" year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE7FFAAFF0853B9FEB5800F" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE7FFAAFF0853B9FEB5800F" blockId="29.[140,1108,1117,1636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF0853B9FE4C81B2" bold="true" box="[185,462,1152,1178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is characterised by leaves that are sparsely covered with hairs that have a softer feel, which distinguishes it sharply from all the other southern African species which have either brittle or woolly hairs. The abaxial leaf surface has a grey-greenish appearance which is also a unique character of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE7FFAAFF085209FDF180B8" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE7FFAAFF085209FDF180B8" blockId="29.[140,1108,1117,1636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF085209FE708062" bold="true" box="[185,498,1328,1354]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is distributed in South Africa (Eastern Cape, Free-State, and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces) and Lesotho (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136D7EB9FFE7FFAAFCE5526AFC478045" box="[852,965,1363,1389]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="30.[140,212,924,946]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,900]" captionTargetId="figure-205@30.[140,1108,165,900]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 18. Known distribution of Cynoglossum spelaeum in southern Africa based on the specimens examined." pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Figure 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). It grows in loose sandy soil at the edge of an overhang.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE7FFA9FF0852A0FF59802C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE7FFA9FF0852A0FE9F8195" blockId="29.[140,1108,1117,1636]" lastBlockId="30.[140,1108,1046,1636]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF0852A0FDC6809B" bold="true" box="[185,580,1433,1459]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
South Africa. KWAZULU-NATAL: 2729 (Utrecht): Ncandu State Forest (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFE795284FE7580FF" box="[456,503,1469,1495]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">DC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFDBC5284FD1980FF" box="[525,667,1469,1495]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1984-05-08">8 May 1984</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFD195284FCA780FF" box="[680,805,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">A. Nicholas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFCEF5287FC7C80FF" box="[862,1022,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B. Isaacs 1965</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFBBC5284FBC580FF" box="[1037,1095,1469,1495]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
|
||
). 2929 (Underberg): Allandale, Lion’s River District (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFD6D52D9FC8580D2" box="[732,775,1504,1530]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFCAD52D9FC2B80D2" box="[796,937,1504,1531]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1978-01-24">24 Jan 1978</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFC0452D9FBD180D2" box="[949,1107,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">O.M. Hilliard</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF0C513DFEFF8335" box="[189,381,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B.L. Burtt 11258</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFE3D513AFE3F8335" box="[396,445,1539,1565]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
); Giant’s Castle Nature Reserve (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFC87513AFCE38335" box="[822,865,1539,1565]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFCC4513AFB838335" box="[885,1025,1539,1566]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1988-01-07">07 Jan 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFBBD513DFF788368" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">A. Abbott 4064</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFEBA511EFEBF8369" box="[267,317,1575,1601]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14911" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">NH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFEE2511EFE5A8368" box="[339,472,1574,1601]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1976-02-03">3 Feb 1976</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFE57511EFD078368" box="[486,645,1574,1601]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">O.M. Hilliard</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFD71511EFCF48369" box="[704,886,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B.L. Burtt 8904</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFC36511EFC3A8369" box="[903,952,1575,1601]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFC7C511EFBCC8369" box="[973,1102,1575,1601]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1978-01-02">2 Jan 1978</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFF3D5173FEAF834C" box="[140,301,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">O.M. Hilliard</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFEDC5173FDB7834C" box="[365,565,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B.L. Burtt 11172</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE7FFAAFDF85173FDF8834C" box="[585,634,1610,1636]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE7FFAAFD235173FCB1834C" box="[658,819,1609,1636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" value="1985-11-20">20 Nov 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFAAFCF35173FC66834C" box="[834,996,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">O.M. Hilliard</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE7FFA9FB955173FE948119" italics="true" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="29" pageNumber="38">B.L. Burtt 18242</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FE97532EFED48119" box="[294,342,1047,1073]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FED3532EFE198119" box="[354,411,1047,1073]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
|
||
); Bulwer District (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FDC7532EFD258119" box="[630,679,1047,1073]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">DD</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE4FFA9FD0D532EFCB98119" box="[700,827,1047,1073]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" value="1974-01-08">8 Jan 1974</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FCF6532EFB878119" box="[839,1029,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">M.A. Rennie 507</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FBA4532EFBC48119" box="[1045,1094,1047,1073]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE4FFA9FF3D5303FE9E817C" box="[140,284,1082,1108]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" value="2019-03-08">8 Mar 2019</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FE985303FE45817B" box="[297,455,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">A.N. Moteetee</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FDB55303FD6F817C" box="[516,749,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">L.K. Madika AL012</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FD4F5303FCC8817C" box="[766,842,1082,1108]" collectionName="JRAU" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14984" name="University of Johannesburg, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" type="University or college">JRAU</collectionCode>
|
||
). EASTERN CAPE: 3127 (Lady Frere): Elliot District (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FE695364FD83815F" box="[472,513,1117,1143]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">BB</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE4FFA9FDA45364FD20815F" box="[533,674,1117,1143]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" value="1979-01-22">22 Jan 1979</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FD1F5364FCC9815F" box="[686,843,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">O.M. Hilliard</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FC355367FBD1815F" box="[900,1107,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">B.L. Burtt 123427</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FF2453B9FF4481B2" box="[149,198,1152,1178]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">NU</collectionCode>
|
||
). 3226 (Fort Beaufort): Amatole Mountain (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FD7E53B9FD7E81B2" box="[719,764,1152,1178]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">DB</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE4FFA9FCA353B9FC2581B2" box="[786,935,1152,1178]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" value="1986-02-16">16 Feb 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FC0553B8FF458195" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">P.B. Phillipson 1294</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FF67539AFE928195" box="[214,272,1187,1213]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2932B4FFE4FFA9FF3D54A5FF6E86FA" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" startId="30.[140,212,924,946]" targetBox="[140,1108,165,900]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE4FFA9FF3D54A5FF6E86FA" blockId="30.[140,1107,924,978]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FF3D54A5FF7C869A" bold="true" box="[140,254,924,946]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">Figure 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FE5954A5FD338699" box="[488,689,924,945]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FE5954A5FD338699" box="[488,689,924,945]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">Cynoglossum spelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southern Africa based on the specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE4FFA9FF0853FFFF59802C" blockId="30.[140,1108,1046,1636]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Lesotho. 2927 (Maseru): Laikopile Mountain (-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FD7C53FEFD7E81C9" box="[717,764,1223,1249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">CD</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFE844FCFFE4FFA9FCA153FEFCF581C9" box="[784,887,1223,1249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" value="1918-01">Jan 1918</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FC3353FEFBD181C9" box="[898,1107,1222,1249]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">A. Dieterlen 40799</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47FAF9FFE4FFA9FF2553D3FF4C802C" box="[148,206,1258,1284]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C31B7FFE4FFA9FF085234FDD8834C" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE9623CFFE4FFA9FF085234FDD8834C" blockId="30.[140,1108,1046,1636]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FF085234FE0F800F" bold="true" box="[185,397,1293,1319]" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">Taxonomic notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FE275234FD08800F" box="[406,650,1293,1319]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FE275234FD08800F" box="[406,650,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">Cynoglossum spelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite distinctive among the southern African species having uniquely shaped (i.e., spatulate to obtuse) and coloured (i.e., deep green adaxial surface, grey green abaxial surface) leaves, that almost seem leathery but contain few soft trichomes. It is also the only species among the southern African species that has completely white flowers. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFE4FFA9FD6752A3FC32809C" author="Hilger" box="[726,944,1433,1460]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hilger" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Data Journal" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 23" part="3" refId="ref16905" refString="Hilger HH, Greuter W, Stier V (2015) Taxa and names in Cynoglossum sensu lato (Boraginaceae, Cynoglosseae): An annotated, synonymic inventory, with links to the protologues and mention of original material. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 3. e 4831" title="Taxa and names in Cynoglossum sensu lato (Boraginaceae, Cynoglosseae): An annotated, synonymic inventory, with links to the protologues and mention of original material" type="journal article" year="2015">Hilger et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that the species does not belong to genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FD875284FD3D80FF" box="[566,703,1469,1495]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FD875284FD3D80FF" box="[566,703,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">Cynoglossum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they did not elaborate the reasons for the exclusion. Nonetheless, the species fits the generic description of four glochidiate nutlets that are adapted for zoochory. In addition, preliminary molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC71FCDFFE4FFA9FF22511FFEB38369" author="Madika" bookContentInfo="34 pp." box="[147,305,1574,1601]" firstAuthor="Madika" journalOrPublisher="Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" refId="ref17246" refString="Madika LK (2020) The systematics and biological activity of southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae) (Master's Dissertation). Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg, 34 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / arphapreprints. e 73746" title="The systematics and biological activity of southern African species of the genus Cynoglossum L. (Boraginaceae) (Master's Dissertation)" type="book" year="2020">Madika 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), showed a close relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FD6B511EFF5E834B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coeruleum" subSpecies="johnstonii" variety="mannii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FD6B511EFCEA8368" box="[730,872,1574,1601]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">C. coeruleum</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FC0A511FFBA48368" box="[955,1062,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">johnstonii</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FF3D5173FF5E834B" box="[140,220,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">mannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FF5A5173FE0D834C" box="[235,399,1610,1636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FF5A5173FE0D834C" box="[235,399,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5619BFFFE4FFA9FE615173FDD0834C" box="[464,594,1610,1636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cynoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922BE2EFFE4FFA9FE615173FDD0834C" box="[464,594,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="39">C. spelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |