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<document id="BD69A0222B8D69576A4E95E3396B15BD" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4263.2.4SLASH10992" ID-CLB-Dataset="33087" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4263.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aeb6b624-fa15-4767-9d42-7963502cd209" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="573095" ID-ZooBank="6A54FA8D-213C-4776-B5CF-84949BE621D1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1494316787886" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sagorny, Christina &amp; Wesener, Thomas" docDate="2017" docId="03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4263.2.4SLASH10992.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4263 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zoosphaerium minutus Sagorny &amp; Wesener, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="289" masterDocId="FFC6E414FFE714238963D059E078FF99" masterDocTitle="Two new giant pill-millipede species of the genus Zoosphaerium endemic to the Bemanevika area in northern Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)" masterLastPageNumber="294" masterPageNumber="273" pageNumber="284" updateTime="1698439385235" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AF91E1D5054FE3072DE026383867E6E4">Two new giant pill-millipede species of the genus Zoosphaerium endemic to the Bemanevika area in northern Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="76FE34F0F91C58693C22D6B84DFBED77" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FDC4D2D8514A6B2C79EA51BD526DA3A4">Sagorny, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C0C0531BE3A4F3E2E4FBC9361C79D8C8">Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6B2E687B72E019CC7EAD42C5C3D0F2C7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C2942D1620E359CD8B32F6BD7DEB704F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="484D704BAE585E1E57F733F6397EF483" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4263.2.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5690096" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130497678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5690096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="289" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFEC142889F4D315E17EFC11" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889F4D315E379FCFE" blockId="11.[151,769,844,904]" box="[151,769,844,871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<heading id="D0A19A16FFEC142889F4D315E379FCFE" bold="true" box="[151,769,844,871]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D315E379FCFE" bold="true" box="[151,769,844,871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC142889F4D315E2CBFCFE" ID-CoL="84F5W" authority="Sagorny &amp; Wesener" authorityName="Sagorny &amp; Wesener" box="[151,691,844,871]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D315E1C9FCFF" bold="true" box="[151,433,844,870]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
Sagorny &amp; Wesener
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEC14288BDCD314E379FCFE" box="[703,769,845,871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889F4D336E17EFC11" blockId="11.[151,769,844,904]" box="[151,262,879,904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC142889F4D336E17EFC11" box="[151,262,879,904]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 8" captionStart-1="FIGURE 9" captionStart-2="FIGURE 10" captionStart-3="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,250,817,839]" captionTargetBox-0="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1433,194,793]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetId-2="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetId-3="figure@15.[151,1435,193,796]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." captionText-2="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." captionText-3="FIGURE 11. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), endotergum of mid-body tergite, SEM, A: ventral view; B: bristles on apical margin." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/584056/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Figs 811</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFEC142889F4D3E8E43BFC74" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889F4D3E8E43BFC74" blockId="11.[151,1436,945,1006]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D3E8E166FC53" bold="true" box="[151,286,945,970]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288845D3EBE107FC50" box="[294,383,946,969]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288845D3EBE107FC50" box="[294,383,946,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, noun in apposition, referring to the small size of this species, which is the smallest known
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC142889F4D38CE141FC77" box="[151,313,981,1006]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D38CE141FC77" box="[151,313,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Zoosphaerium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, being of similar size to individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288A2BD38CE444FC77" box="[840,1084,981,1006]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Microsphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288A2BD38CE444FC77" box="[840,1084,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Microsphaerotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFEC142889F4D44FE510FA9E" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889F4D44FE34FFB02" blockId="11.[151,1436,1046,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<materialsCitation id="3B3E2727FFEC142889F4D44FE527FBEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500393081" collectingDate="2013-10" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="Slightly &amp; Pitfalls PF &amp; Steven M." country="Madagascar" county="Material" elevation="1570" latitude="-14.346472" location="Amberivery Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.579803" municipality="Sofia" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D44FE272FBB6" bold="true" box="[151,522,1046,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<collectingCounty id="628855F6FFEC142889F4D44FE087FBB6" box="[151,255,1046,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Material</collectingCounty>
examined.
<typeStatus id="54ED93D8FFEC142888FED44FE272FBB6" box="[413,522,1046,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 1 M,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288B15D44FE3EDFBB6" bold="true" box="[630,917,1046,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">FMNH-INS 2858686-A</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED47B5BFFFEC14288ACCD44EE47EFBB6" box="[943,1030,1047,1071]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">FMNH</collectionCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3416DEAFFEC14288D40D44FE4D7FBB6" box="[1059,1199,1046,1071]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4992E398FFEC14288DA6D44FE53CFBB6" box="[1221,1348,1046,1071]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DB700FFEC14288C39D44FE5E0FBB6" box="[1370,1432,1046,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Sofia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E897BA1FFEC142889F4D463E10AFBCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61:8E897BA1FFEC142889F4D463E10AFBCB" box="[151,370,1082,1107]" country="Madagascar" county="Material" latitude="-14.346472" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.579803" municipality="Sofia" name="Amberivery Forest" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Amberivery Forest</location>
,
<location id="8E897BA1FFEC142888E3D462E2ACFBCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61:8E897BA1FFEC142888E3D462E2ACFBCA" box="[384,724,1082,1107]" country="Madagascar" county="Material" latitude="-14.346472" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.579803" municipality="Sofia" name="Paysage Harmonieux Protege" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Paysage Harmonieux Protégé</location>
de
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288A60D463E3EAFBCA" box="[771,914,1082,1107]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemanevika" status="sp. nov.">Bemanevika</taxonomicName>
, site 2,
<geoCoordinate id="EE624BBDFFEC14288A91D462E4F0FBCA" box="[1010,1160,1083,1107]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" precision="1" value="-14.346472">14°20'47.3''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE624BBDFFEC14288DF4D462E555FBCA" box="[1175,1325,1083,1107]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" precision="1" value="48.579803">48°34'47.3''E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CAE809FFFEC14288C5ED463E5EFFBCB" box="[1341,1431,1082,1107]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" unit="m" value="1570.0">
<elevation id="007BCA49FFEC14288C5ED463E5EFFBCB" box="[1341,1431,1082,1107]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" unit="m" value="1570.0">1570 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26A348ACFFEC142889F4D407E088FBEE" box="[151,240,1118,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Slightly</collectorName>
disturbed montane forest,
<collectorName id="26A348ACFFEC14288B78D407E2EBFBEE" box="[539,659,1118,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Pitfalls PF</collectorName>
#5, coll.
<collectorName id="26A348ACFFEC14288B91D406E31DFBEF" box="[754,869,1119,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Steven M.</collectorName>
Goodman and Toky Randriamora,
<date id="FFE80BBAFFEC14288D92D406E527FBEE" box="[1265,1375,1119,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" value="2013-10">
<collectingDate id="EFACF252FFEC14288D92D406E527FBEE" box="[1265,1375,1119,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" value="2013-10">Oct-2013</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3E2727FFEC142889F4D4DBE34FFB02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500393083" box="[151,823,1154,1179]" collectingDate="2013-10" collectionCode="ZFMK, MYR" collectorName="Slightly &amp; Pitfalls PF &amp; Steven M." country="Madagascar" county="Material" elevation="1570" latitude="-14.346472" location="Amberivery Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.579803" municipality="Sofia" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" specimenCode="MYR 6143" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D4DBE17CFB02" bold="true" box="[151,260,1154,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<typeStatus id="54ED93D8FFEC142889F4D4DBE17CFB02" box="[151,260,1154,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 1 M,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC1428882DD4DBE253FB02" bold="true" box="[334,555,1154,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<collectionCode id="ED47B5BFFFEC1428882DD4DBE1DAFB02" box="[334,418,1154,1179]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">ZFMK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBF08501FFEC142888CAD4DBE253FB02" box="[425,555,1154,1179]" collectionCode="MYR" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<collectionCode id="ED47B5BFFFEC142888CAD4DBE194FB02" box="[425,492,1154,1179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">MYR</collectionCode>
6143
</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
, same data as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889A4D4FFE510FA9E" blockId="11.[151,1436,1046,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<materialsCitation id="3B3E2727FFEC142889A4D4FFE510FA9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500393084" collectingDate="2013-10" collectorName="Slightly &amp; Steven M." country="Madagascar" county="Other" elevation="1620" latitude="-14.34075" location="Along" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.585636" municipality="Sofia" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889A4D4FFE27BFB26" bold="true" box="[199,515,1190,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<collectingCounty id="628855F6FFEC142889A4D4FFE177FB26" box="[199,271,1190,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Other</collectingCounty>
material examined
</emphasis>
: 1 M,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288B07D4FFE31AFB26" bold="true" box="[612,866,1190,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">FMNH-INS 2858676</emphasis>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3416DEAFFEC14288A14D4FFE47BFB26" box="[887,1027,1190,1215]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4992E398FFEC14288D77D4FFE4ECFB26" box="[1044,1172,1190,1215]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DB700FFEC14288DC5D4FFE49CFB26" box="[1190,1252,1190,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Sofia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E897BA1FFEC14288D94D4FFE545FB26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61:8E897BA1FFEC14288D94D4FFE545FB26" box="[1271,1341,1190,1215]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" latitude="-14.34075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.585636" municipality="Sofia" name="Along" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Along</location>
trail to
<location id="8E897BA1FFEC142889F4D493E130FB7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61:8E897BA1FFEC142889F4D493E130FB7A" box="[151,328,1226,1251]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" latitude="-14.34075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.585636" municipality="Sofia" name="Matsaborimena" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Matsaborimena</location>
,
<location id="8E897BA1FFEC14288838D492E2CDFB7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF9C6CFFEC143389F4D315E160FF61:8E897BA1FFEC14288838D492E2CDFB7A" box="[347,693,1226,1251]" country="Madagascar" county="Other" latitude="-14.34075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.585636" municipality="Sofia" name="Paysage Harmonieux Protege" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Paysage Harmonieux Protégé</location>
de
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288B8FD493E303FB7A" box="[748,891,1226,1251]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemanevika" status="sp. nov.">Bemanevika</taxonomicName>
, site 1,
<geoCoordinate id="EE624BBDFFEC14288A84D493E404FB7A" box="[999,1148,1226,1251]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" precision="1" value="-14.34075">14°20'26.7''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE624BBDFFEC14288DECD493E55EFB7A" box="[1167,1318,1226,1251]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" precision="1" value="48.585636">48°35'08.3''E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CAE809FFFEC14288C5AD493E5EFFB7B" box="[1337,1431,1226,1251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" unit="m" value="1620.0">
<elevation id="007BCA49FFEC14288C5AD493E5EFFB7B" box="[1337,1431,1226,1251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" unit="m" value="1620.0">1620 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26A348ACFFEC142889F4D4B7E088FA9E" box="[151,240,1262,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Slightly</collectorName>
disturbed montane forest, pitfalls, PF#2, coll.
<collectorName id="26A348ACFFEC14288B9BD4B6E313FA9F" box="[760,875,1263,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Steven M.</collectorName>
Goodman and Toky Randriamora,
<date id="FFE80BBAFFEC14288D94D4B6E51CFA9E" box="[1271,1380,1263,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" value="2013-10">
<collectingDate id="EFACF252FFEC14288D94D4B6E51CFA9E" box="[1271,1380,1263,1287]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" value="2013-10">Oct-2013</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFEC142889F4D576E2BEF9DD" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889F4D576E2BEF9DD" blockId="11.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889F4D576E169FAD1" bold="true" box="[151,273,1327,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC1428887FD576E25AFAD1" box="[284,546,1327,1352]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC1428887FD576E25AFAD1" box="[284,546,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288B4ED576E209FAD1" bold="true" box="[557,625,1327,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEC14288B4ED576E209FAD1" box="[557,625,1327,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from similar sized species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288DCBD576E5E4FAD1" box="[1192,1436,1327,1352]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Microsphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288DCBD576E5E4FAD1" box="[1192,1436,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Microsphaerotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly in the presence of two locking carinae on each side of the anal shield (
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288D77D50DE570FAF4" box="[1044,1288,1364,1389]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Microsphaerotherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288D77D50DE570FAF4" box="[1044,1288,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Microsphaerotherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species only have one elongated carina on each side). The unusual posterior telopods of
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288A83D520E42FFA09" box="[992,1111,1401,1424]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288A83D520E42FFA09" box="[992,1111,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEC14288D3ED52EE4E4FA16" box="[1117,1180,1399,1424]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288D3ED52EE4EDFA09" bold="true" box="[1117,1173,1399,1424]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">n. sp</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
make it challenging to assign it to existing species-groups (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC14288B27D5C5E2E4FA2D" box="[580,668,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Figs 10</figureCitation>
G, H). Neither does the species share similarities in the posterior telopods with those species currently not assigned to any species-group (
<tableCitation id="C6D418C1FFEC14288ABFD5E6E44BFA41" box="[988,1075,1471,1496]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,368,391]" captionText="TABLE 1. Material examined. FMNH = Field Museum of Natural History; ZFMK = Zoological Research Museum A. Koenig, Bonn. Specimens marked by an asterisk were newly sequenced for this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF297DF2FFE4142089F4D129E456FE3E" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" tableUuid="DF297DF2FFE4142089F4D129E456FE3E">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288D2ED5E6E529FA41" box="[1101,1361,1471,1496]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288D2ED5E6E529FA41" box="[1101,1361,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288C39D5E6E5E3FA41" bold="true" box="[1370,1435,1471,1496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEC14288C39D5E6E5E3FA41" box="[1370,1435,1471,1496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from those five species in most aspects, like the number of stridulation ribs (only one in
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288D94D5BCE1A0F9B9" authority="Wesener &amp; Bespalova, 2010" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Bespalova" authorityYear="2010" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darthvaderi">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288D94D5BCE5E4FA64" box="[1271,1436,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. darthvaderi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7508BFFEC142889F4D651E1A0F9B9" author="Wesener" box="[151,472,1543,1568]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" refString="Wesener, T., Bespalova, I. &amp; Sierwald, P. (2010 b) Madagascar's living giants: discovery of five new species of endemic giant pill-millipedes from Madagascar (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida: Arthrosphaeridae: Zoosphaerium). African Invertebrates, 51 (1), 133 - 161." type="journal article" year="2010">Wesener &amp; Bespalova, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288880D650E34FF9B9" authority="Wesener, 2009" authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2009" box="[483,823,1543,1568]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analavelona">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288880D650E2F4F9B9" box="[483,652,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. analavelona</emphasis>
Wesener, 2009
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288A0DD650E4FAF9B9" authority="Wesener, 2009" authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2009" box="[878,1154,1543,1568]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisheri">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288A0DD650E3ABF9B9" box="[878,979,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. fisheri</emphasis>
Wesener, 2009
</taxonomicName>
), or the number of apical cones (only four in
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288811D674E262F9DC" box="[370,538,1580,1605]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analavelona">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288811D674E262F9DC" box="[370,538,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. analavelona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEC14288B33D674E2CDF9DC" box="[592,693,1580,1605]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fisheri">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288B33D674E2CDF9DC" box="[592,693,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Z. fisheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFEC142C89A4D616E147F826" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889A4D616E27DF914" blockId="11.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889A4D616E121F9F1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1615,1640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC14288803D616E190F9F1" box="[352,488,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Body length</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="54ED93D8FFEC1428889BD616E222F9F1" box="[504,602,1615,1640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male (largest): length 17.9, width of thoracic shield 8.8 (=widest), height of thoracic shield 5.1 (=highest).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889A4D6CEE33DF884" blockId="11.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889A4D6CEE13AF929" box="[199,322,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Coloration</emphasis>
: some discoloration may have occurred because of preservation in ethanol. Tergites brown to olive with a slightly darker rim at posterior edge of tergite. Anal shield uniform solid light-brown color, lighter than and conspicuously contrasting tergites. Collum and thoracic shield darker brown in color than other tergites. Head and antennae green, legs light-brown with green apical segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEC142889A4D77EE471F86D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEC142889A4D77EE17CF8D9" box="[199,260,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Head</emphasis>
: wide and short (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC142888AAD77EE275F8D9" box="[457,525,1831,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A). Eyes with 6570 ocelli (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC14288A28D77EE3F7F8D9" box="[843,911,1831,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B). Antennae protruding posteriorly to leg pair 4. Size of antennomeres 1&gt;2=3&lt;4=5&lt;6 (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC14288BE1D715E2B5F8FD" box="[642,717,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
D). Base of antennomeres 13 with small sclerotized teeth, protuberant on antennomere 1. First antennomere with shallow groove and one apical row of sensilla basiconica (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC142889FCD7CDE09BF835" box="[159,227,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
F). Few larger setae present on antennomeres 15, antennomere 6 with numerous long setae and single row of sensilla basiconica surrounding apical disc. Male apical disc with 9/16 apical sensory cones (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC14288DAFD7E1E568F849" box="[1228,1296,1976,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
E). Organ of Tömösváry a small, elliptical pit located laterally in antennal groove (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEC14288AC0D785E39FF86D" box="[931,999,2012,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1435,193,1738]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: head, frontal view; B: ocelli; C: organ of Tömösváry; D: left antenna, lateral view; E: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones; F: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations: aD = apical disc; aG = antennal groove; sb = sensilla basiconica; TO = Organ of Tömösváry." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="284">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF297DF2FFEB142F89F4D760E29DF871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="285" targetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEB142F89F4D760E29DF871" blockId="12.[151,1436,1849,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F89F4D760E177F8D6" bold="true" box="[151,271,1849,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEB142F887DD760E272F8D6" box="[286,522,1849,1871]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="12" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F887DD760E272F8D6" box="[286,522,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8B70D760E237F8D6" bold="true" box="[531,591,1849,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEB142F8B70D760E237F8D6" box="[531,591,1849,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686-A);
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8ABBD760E392F8D6" bold="true" box="[984,1002,1849,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">A</emphasis>
: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F89B5D70EE09FF8F4" bold="true" box="[214,231,1879,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">B</emphasis>
: 9th left leg;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8810D70EE1FDF8F4" bold="true" box="[371,389,1879,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">C</emphasis>
coxa of second left leg with gonopore;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8A7DD70EE348F8F4" bold="true" box="[798,816,1879,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">D</emphasis>
: left anterior telopod, anterior view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8DCFD70EE4C5F8F4" bold="true" box="[1196,1213,1879,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">E</emphasis>
: left anterior telopod, posterior view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8855D72FE13DF815" bold="true" box="[310,325,1910,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">F</emphasis>
: left anterior telopod, lateral view
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8BC4D72FE2C3F815" bold="true" box="[679,699,1910,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">G</emphasis>
: left posterior telopod, posterior view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8D29D72FE426F815" bold="true" box="[1098,1118,1910,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">H</emphasis>
: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8814D7CDE1F6F833" bold="true" box="[375,398,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">as</emphasis>
= apical spine;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8B5DD7CDE228F833" bold="true" box="[574,592,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">cl</emphasis>
= claw;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8BD7D7CDE2A2F833" bold="true" box="[692,730,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">cr-t</emphasis>
= crenulated teeth;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8AD0D7CDE3B4F833" bold="true" box="[947,972,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">cx</emphasis>
= coxa;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8D4DD7CDE43AF833" bold="true" box="[1070,1090,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">fe</emphasis>
= femur;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8DD1D7CDE4B4F833" bold="true" box="[1202,1228,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">gp</emphasis>
= gonopore;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8C03D7CDE5FBF833" bold="true" box="[1376,1411,1940,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">pof</emphasis>
= postfemur;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F886FD7EAE141F850" bold="true" box="[268,313,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">pref</emphasis>
= prefemur;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F88DCD7EAE191F850" bold="true" box="[447,489,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">s-ps</emphasis>
= field of sclerotized spots;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8A6CD7EAE35BF850" bold="true" box="[783,803,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">sr</emphasis>
= stridulation ribs;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8A8CD7EAE479F850" bold="true" box="[1007,1025,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">st</emphasis>
= stigmatic plate;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8DA2D7EAE49DF850" bold="true" box="[1217,1253,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">syn</emphasis>
= syncoxite;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8C12D7EAE5FEF850" bold="true" box="[1393,1414,1971,1993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">ta</emphasis>
= tarsus;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F89BCD78BE097F871" bold="true" box="[223,239,2002,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">ti</emphasis>
= tibia;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEB142F8827D78BE123F871" bold="true" box="[324,347,2002,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="285">vs</emphasis>
= ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF297DF2FFEA142E89F4D686E1FDF8C8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584054/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="286" targetBox="[152,1432,194,1734]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEA142E89F4D686E1FDF8C8" blockId="13.[151,1436,1759,1873]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E89F4D686E174F96C" bold="true" box="[151,268,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFEA142E887BD686E279F96F" box="[280,513,1759,1782]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="13" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E887BD686E279F96F" box="[280,513,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8B64D686E238F96C" bold="true" box="[519,576,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFEA142E8B64D686E238F96C" box="[519,576,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686-A), SEM,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8A9FD686E476F96C" bold="true" box="[1020,1038,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">A</emphasis>
: head, frontal view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8D83D686E489F96C" bold="true" box="[1248,1265,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">B</emphasis>
: ocelli;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8C20D686E52DF96C" bold="true" box="[1347,1365,1759,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">C</emphasis>
: organ of Tömösváry;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8851D6A7E13CF88D" bold="true" box="[306,324,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">D</emphasis>
: left antenna, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8B34D6A7E210F88D" bold="true" box="[599,616,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">E</emphasis>
: left antenna, apical disc with sensory cones;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8D56D6A7E43CF88D" bold="true" box="[1077,1092,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">F</emphasis>
: left antenna, antennomere 1 with sensilla basiconica and sclerotized teeth. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8BB4D745E28DF8AB" bold="true" box="[727,757,1820,1842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">aD</emphasis>
= apical disc;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8AEFD745E3D4F8AB" bold="true" box="[908,940,1820,1842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">aG</emphasis>
= antennal groove;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8D1BD745E4E8F8AB" bold="true" box="[1144,1168,1820,1842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">sb</emphasis>
= sensilla basiconica;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E8C1BD745E5E4F8AB" bold="true" box="[1400,1436,1820,1842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">TO</emphasis>
= Organ of Tömösváry.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFEA142E89A4D721E5E5F840" blockId="13.[151,1437,1912,2009]" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFEA142E89A4D721E1E9F808" box="[199,401,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Gnathochilarium:</emphasis>
typical of the order (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEA142E8BEAD721E298F808" box="[649,736,1912,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Figs 10</figureCitation>
AE). Stipites located laterally to lamellae linguales, bearing numerous long setae (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEA142E88EDD7C5E199F82C" box="[398,481,1948,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
C). Setae also present on paramentum but absent at center of lamellae linguales (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFEA142E8C0CD7C5E0CDF840" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
C).
<collectingRegion id="4992E398FFEA142E8983D799E14BF840" box="[224,307,1984,2009]" country="Fiji" name="Central" pageId="13" pageNumber="286">Central</collectingRegion>
pads apically protruding from lamellae linguales, with a median triangular incision on each pad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89F4D0CEE34DFE84" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
Posterior half of underside with single field of large sensory cones interspersed with longer, slimmer structures (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D89FCD0E5E08CFF4D" box="[159,244,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B). Inner palpi protruding to medial side of gnathochilarium (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D8ADED0E5E469FF4D" box="[957,1041,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A), bearing single field of sensory cones (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D898AD086E14AFF61" box="[233,306,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig.10</figureCitation>
D). Rudimentary lateral palpi sharing a common well-developed base bearing four sensory cones (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D89FCD15DE089FE85" box="[159,241,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
E). Hypopharynx with single row of marginal teeth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF297DF2FFE9142D89F4D63CE49EF96F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287" targetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89F4D63CE49EF96F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1637,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89F4D63CE15BF9E2" bold="true" box="[151,291,1637,1659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFE9142D884FD63CE260F9E2" box="[300,536,1637,1659]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="14" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D884FD63CE260F9E2" box="[300,536,1637,1659]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8B41D63CE227F9E2" bold="true" box="[546,607,1637,1659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFE9142D8B41D63CE227F9E2" box="[546,607,1637,1659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686-A), SEM,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8D4ED63CE447F9E2" bold="true" box="[1069,1087,1637,1659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">A</emphasis>
: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8877D6DDE15DF903" bold="true" box="[276,293,1668,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">B</emphasis>
: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8A4DD6DDE338F903" bold="true" box="[814,832,1668,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">C</emphasis>
: gnathochilarium, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8DF1D6DDE4DCF903" bold="true" box="[1170,1188,1668,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">D</emphasis>
: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D88EBD6FAE1E1F920" bold="true" box="[392,409,1699,1721]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">E</emphasis>
: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8DD2D6FAE4B8F920" bold="true" box="[1201,1216,1699,1721]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">F</emphasis>
: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8813D698E103F94E" bold="true" box="[368,379,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">c</emphasis>
= condyles;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D889ED698E26EF94E" bold="true" box="[509,534,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">cp</emphasis>
= central pad;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8BCCD698E2B3F94E" bold="true" box="[687,715,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">eT</emphasis>
= external tooth;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8A1CD698E3D5F94E" bold="true" box="[895,941,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Hyp</emphasis>
= Hypopharynx;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8D01D698E40FF94E" bold="true" box="[1122,1143,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">ip</emphasis>
= inner palpus;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8C7FD698E54CF94E" bold="true" box="[1308,1332,1729,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">iT</emphasis>
= internal tooth;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89BBD6B9E082F96F" bold="true" box="[216,250,1760,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">LL</emphasis>
= lamellae linguales;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D88B9D6B9E182F96F" bold="true" box="[474,506,1760,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">LP</emphasis>
= lateral palpus;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8BC9D6B9E2B5F96F" bold="true" box="[682,717,1760,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">mp</emphasis>
= molar plate;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8A0BD6B9E3FFF96F" bold="true" box="[872,903,1760,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">pL</emphasis>
= pectinate lamellae;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D8D04D6B9E404F96F" bold="true" box="[1127,1148,1760,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">St</emphasis>
= stipites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89A4D744E299F8C3" blockId="14.[151,1436,1821,2026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89A4D744E14AF8AF" box="[199,306,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Mandible</emphasis>
: with the typical shape of the order
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFE9142D8BA5D744E302F8AF" box="[710,890,1821,1846]" class="Diplopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="14" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Sphaerotheriida</taxonomicName>
, condylus with sharp groove at apex, inner tooth 3-combed, with 5 or 6 pectinate lamellae (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D8B13D718E2BAF8C3" box="[624,706,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,337,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,337,1616]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), SEM, A: gnathochilarium, apical view of dorsal side; B: gnathochilarium, sensory cones on inner palpus; C: gnathochilarium, ventral view; D: gnathochilarium, inner palpus and central pad; E: gnathochilarium, rudimentary lateral palpus with sensory cones mesal view; F: left mandible, mesal view. Abbreviations: c = condyles; cp = central pad; eT = external tooth; Hyp = Hypopharynx; ip = inner palpus; iT = internal tooth; LL = lamellae linguales; LP = lateral palpus; mp = molar plate; pL = pectinate lamellae; St = stipites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89A4D73FE5FBF8E7" blockId="14.[151,1436,1821,2026]" box="[199,1411,1893,1918]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89A4D73FE1FBF8E7" box="[199,387,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Stigmatic plates:</emphasis>
first plate triangular, apex well rounded. Few hairs limited to apical side of plate (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE9142D8C78D73CE526F8E7" box="[1307,1374,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89A4D7D0E50FF838" blockId="14.[151,1436,1821,2026]" box="[199,1399,1929,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89A4D7D0E14DF83B" box="[199,309,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Pleurites:</emphasis>
first pleurite laterally modified and extending backwards with a broad, apically rounded process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89A4D7F4E293F85F" blockId="14.[151,1436,1821,2026]" box="[199,747,1965,1990]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89A4D7F4E162F85F" box="[199,282,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Collum</emphasis>
: mainly glabrous, a few setae at margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE9142D89A4D788E20EF873" blockId="14.[151,1436,1821,2026]" box="[199,630,2001,2026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE9142D89A4D788E10EF873" box="[199,374,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="287">Thoracic shield</emphasis>
: smooth and glabrous.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF297DF2FFE8142C89F4D368E239FCFF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584056/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288" targetBox="[152,1433,194,793]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89F4D368E239FCFF" blockId="15.[151,1436,817,870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89F4D368E159FCDE" bold="true" box="[151,289,817,839]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFE8142C8849D368E26DFCDE" box="[298,533,817,839]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="15" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C8849D368E26DFCDE" box="[298,533,817,839]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C8B7CD368E223FCDE" bold="true" box="[543,603,817,839]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFE8142C8B7CD368E223FCDE" box="[543,603,817,839]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686-A), endotergum of mid-body tergite, SEM,
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C8CE0D368E5EDFCDE" bold="true" box="[1411,1429,817,839]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">A</emphasis>
: ventral view;
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C8841D309E14BFCFF" bold="true" box="[290,307,848,870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">B</emphasis>
: bristles on apical margin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D3CDE16EFC56" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D3CDE165FC32" box="[199,285,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Tergites</emphasis>
: surface glabrous and shiny, lacking small pits. Tips of paratergites of midbody tergites projecting posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D383E260FBC6" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D383E128FC6A" box="[199,336,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Endotergum</emphasis>
: inner section with few long setae and several short triangular spines. Between inner area and row of setae with single row of sparse large elliptical, cuticular impressions. Apically a single, relatively dense row of short marginal bristles (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C88C4D47BE181FBA2" box="[423,505,1058,1083]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[151,250,817,839]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,194,793]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1435,193,796]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), endotergum of mid-body tergite, SEM, A: ventral view; B: bristles on apical margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584056/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A). Bristles reaching 1/2 to 2/3 the way towards tergite margin, each bristle with numerous small spines (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C88C6D41FE18EFBC6" box="[421,502,1094,1119]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[151,250,817,839]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,194,793]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1435,193,796]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A), endotergum of mid-body tergite, SEM, A: ventral view; B: bristles on apical margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584056/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D433E1F3FB52" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D433E130FB1A" box="[199,328,1130,1155]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Anal Shield</emphasis>
: large and well rounded. No setae on anal shield, but with numerous small pits. Underside carrying two black locking carinae on each side, posterior one 45 times longer than anterior one, both located close to margin of anal shield.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D481E210FAAE" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D481E084FB76" box="[199,252,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Legs</emphasis>
: leg 1 with 4 ventral spines, leg 2 with 6, leg 3 with 79. First two leg pairs without an apical spine. Leg pairs 421 with 8 or 9 ventral spines and an apical spine. In leg 9 femur 2.0, tarsus 5.1 times longer than wide. All podomeres with only few setae (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C8B60D547E23DFAAE" box="[515,581,1310,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D51BE1E1FAC3" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" box="[199,409,1346,1371]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D51BE1E9FAC2" box="[199,401,1346,1371]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Females unknown</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D53FE32EFA3A" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D53FE1A8FAE6" box="[199,464,1382,1407]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Male sexual characters</emphasis>
: gonopore covered with a single undivided, elliptical sclerotized plate. Apical portion of plate membranous. Few setae on sclerotized plate (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C8B92D5D3E34BFA3A" box="[753,819,1418,1443]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D5F6E2DAF906" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D5F6E1F4FA5E" box="[199,396,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Anterior telopods</emphasis>
: harp carrying two stridulation ribs. Lateral rib shorter and more pronounced than mesal rib (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C89FCD58BE09DFA72" box="[159,229,1490,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
D). Process of second podomere nearly as long as third podomere. Apical margin of process of second podomere facing third podomere mostly covered with a mound of few sclerotized spots. A sclerotized spine occurs at base of process below field of spots. Third podomere large, with a slight lateral projection. Large mound of sclerotized spots facing second podomere (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C8B1FD667E2C7F9CE" box="[636,703,1598,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
E); two sclerotized spines in depression lateral to mound. Lateral apical margin with 6 sclerotized, crenulated teeth and 2 or 3 sclerotized spines (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C8D46D63BE410F9E2" box="[1061,1128,1634,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
F). A triangular sclerotized structure is present on apex of third podomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFE8142C89A4D6F5E147F826" blockId="15.[151,1437,914,1983]" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFE8142C89A4D6F5E1EFF95A" box="[199,407,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Posterior telopods</emphasis>
: movable finger rather elongated (3.9 times longer than wide), weakly curving towards and slightly longer than immovable finger. Shallow meso-apical cavity of movable finger with five sclerotized spines, three positioned apically (one positioned below pair of apical spines) and two in center of cavity. Posterior aspect with ca. 20 tiny crenulated teeth (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C8B78D74FE218F8B6" box="[539,608,1814,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
H). Additional sclerotized spine at center of movable finger. Immovable finger slender (4.9 times longer than wide), weakly curving towards podomere 3. Base of immovable finger with one sclerotized spine (
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFE8142C88F7D707E1AFF8EE" box="[404,471,1886,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1849,1871]" captionTargetBox="[177,1403,201,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[177,1403,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp., holotype (FMNH-INS 2858686 - A); A: coxa of first left leg with first stigmatic plate; B: 9 th left leg; C coxa of second left leg with gonopore; D: left anterior telopod, anterior view; E: left anterior telopod, posterior view; F: left anterior telopod, lateral view G: left posterior telopod, posterior view; H: left posterior telopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = field of sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation ribs; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584053/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="288">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
G). Podomere 1 with no setae, podomere 2 only with few setae on margin of anterior side, posterior side covered by hair except for apical part of finger. Podomere 3 with marginal setae not extending to tip of finger.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34C7EF1FFF7143389F4D0CEE160FF61" pageId="16" pageNumber="289" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE92D7AFFF7143389F4D0CEE160FF61" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFF7143389F4D0CEE1BCFF29" bold="true" box="[151,452,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFF7143388AFD0CEE2B6FF29" box="[460,718,151,176]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFF7143388AFD0CEE2B6FF29" box="[460,718,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Zoosphaerium minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from two collection sites in patches of mountainous rainforest in
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFF7143388DED0E5E231FF4C" box="[445,585,188,213]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemanevika" status="sp. nov.">Bemanevika</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFF714338B3BD0E5E2D3FF4D" box="[600,683,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1820,1842]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,224,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[150,1436,193,1799]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Habitat of Zoosphaerium bemanevika n. sp. and Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp. in patches of mountainous rainforest in the Paysage Harmonieux Protégé de Bemanevika. Surroundings of remaining rainforest are prone to habitat destruction and deforestation. A: shows the grazing of Zebu cattle in the surrounding pseudosteppe; B: indicating the destruction of forest edges due to the yearly burning of the pseudosteppe. Each fire lets the forest fragments shrink a few meters in diameter. Photos are the courtesy of Achille P. Raselimanana." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584058/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3416DEAFFF714338BDCD0E5E330FF4C" box="[703,840,188,213]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, where it occurs sympatrically with
<taxonomicName id="4C5656F9FFF714338DBED0E4E5F8FF4C" box="[1245,1408,188,213]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="16" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bemanevika" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B922F168FFF714338DBED0E4E5F8FF4C" box="[1245,1408,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Z. bemanevika</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2114C13FFF714338CE4D0E4E0CFFF6E" pageId="16" pageNumber="289" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="136D31FFFFF7143389A5D086E17FFF61" box="[198,263,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,432,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[199,1387,427,1517]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Zoosphaerium species in Madagascar, including Zoosphaerium bemanevika n. sp., and Zoosphaerium minutus n. sp. Red points refer to other Zoosphaerium species (See Table 1). Circles refer to clades (see Figure 12). Vegetation mapped after literature (DuPuy &amp; Moat 2007)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/584045/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>