311 lines
38 KiB
XML
311 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="D877B1B93D368E6B8BE51C08F17B1BEB" ID-CLB-Dataset="39222" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4059.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35c9232b-6917-43f7-a169-bc4faacb4f47" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242703" ID-ZooBank="5D06E0D9-6529-4495-872B-2916A4849F9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461362017540" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K." docDate="2015" docId="03F9834FFF86FFD6FF6FF9EFFB51BE0D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04059p350.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4059 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phoreiobothrium swaki Caira & Jensen, 2015, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="345" masterDocId="FFC0FB37FF81FFDCFFF8FFFCFFC3BA71" masterDocTitle="Insights on the identities of sharks of the Rhizoprionodon acutus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) species complex based on three new species of Phoreiobothrium (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea)" masterLastPageNumber="350" masterPageNumber="335" pageNumber="342" updateTime="1698661853918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="B9330496862D54D5D761AE496308F6D4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="81AF35B91B1CAE1E055EDE657C8BCD6B">
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<mods:title id="F52CEEFFD3A01DF52EF526EAFA417A5D">Insights on the identities of sharks of the Rhizoprionodon acutus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) species complex based on three new species of Phoreiobothrium (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="23B98A23A53D04052911BE0407D195A2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FE2926B4DD237A354350D84AC1087655">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8EBE0F8E36A668151B4D6352EB6D8DBD">Caira, J. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="CBD3F9CA1C43B066E93AB2F959C33DE7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2FDAF33829F354C46B050367F8A66DFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5229E05D49405ABBCED4B83733034895">Jensen, K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B7A73302F16D9D50B686F3DE380146E0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B17B8C9DD2F7D227213B78927990D737">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="823CD2525ACDDDB4BE7C81E7C04DFAEE">
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<mods:date id="89FC00061285C7FCFF10F1AAD46F5CF0">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4E80D1E2F1E8E7FD681026F7B1DDACFF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3A4046F25025C2A682DDBF6C4D4CAD6A">4059</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="382BC09449D2A1A25C0808C13F94DDC3" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="C9C277E6ECC2184CF46FC63EA9065243">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="97F5DB0F5A531FFEC8B1982F1E112AEA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E9A601F302F49F19F10300482CE43632" type="CLB-Dataset">39222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DFCBB3FD8C937D658C632C3449B630C9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4059.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ABCA86CC055A249F3DD95092A2393A88" type="GBIF-Dataset">35c9232b-6917-43f7-a169-bc4faacb4f47</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F9834FFF86FFD6FF6FF9EFFB51BE0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6102848" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119648698" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6102848" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F9834FFF86FFD6FF6FF9EFFB51BE0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9834FFF86FFD6FF6FF9EFFB51BE0D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<subSubSection id="C34A61D2FF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFED1BC3E" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFE3EBC5F" blockId="7.[151,509,1555,1615]" box="[151,509,1555,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<heading id="D0A78535FF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFE3EBC5F" bold="true" box="[151,509,1555,1582]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFE3EBC5F" bold="true" box="[151,509,1555,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFE70BC5C" box="[151,435,1555,1581]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF6FF9EFFE70BC5C" bold="true" box="[151,435,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Phoreiobothrium swaki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF86FFDBFE42F9E8FE3EBC5F" box="[442,509,1556,1582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF6FF9CAFED1BC3E" blockId="7.[151,509,1555,1615]" box="[151,274,1590,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF86FFDBFF67F9CAFF2EBC3E" box="[159,237,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[169,1416,212,1477]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,193,1496]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Line drawings of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex (QM No. G 235021). B. Hooks (USNM No. 1283357). C. Whole worm (QM No. G 235021). D. Terminal, immature proglottid (QM No. G 235021)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242708/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF86FFDBFF02F9CAFECABC3E" box="[250,265,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,625,1636]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6 D – F. B. Subloculi. C. Pre-hook region and hooks. D. Microtriches on cephalic peduncle. E. Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface. F. Microtriches on distal bothridal surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34A61D2FF86FFDBFF6FF982FD83BDAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF6FF982FAF9BCE6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" box="[151,1338,1662,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF6FF982FED2BCE6" bold="true" box="[151,273,1662,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFF6FF982FF11BCE6" box="[151,210,1662,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Type</typeStatus>
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host.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF86FFDBFEE0F982FD83BCE7" box="[280,576,1662,1687]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Rhizoprionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutus">
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFEE0F982FE0EBCE6" box="[280,461,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Rhizoprionodon</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFE0FF983FD83BCE7" box="[503,576,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">acutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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2 (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14FA8FF86FFDBFD53F982FC44BCE6" author="Naylor" box="[683,903,1662,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Naylor, G. J. P., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A. M., White, W. T. & Last, P. R. (2012 b) A DNA sequence-based approached to the identification of shark and ray species and its implications for global elasmobranch diversity and parasitology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 367, 1 - 262. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1206 / 754.1" type="journal article" year="2012" yearSuffix="b">
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||
Naylor
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFCF8F983FCFBBCE6" box="[768,824,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">et al.</emphasis>
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2012b
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</bibRefCitation>
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) (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF86FFDBFC65F982FBB7BCE6" box="[925,1140,1662,1687]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carcharhiniformes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF86FFDBFB86F982FAEDBCE6" box="[1150,1326,1662,1687]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Carcharhinidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF3FF95EFB3CBCCA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" box="[199,1279,1698,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF3FF95EFEA6BCCA" bold="true" box="[199,357,1698,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFF3FF95EFEC1BCCA" box="[199,258,1698,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Gulf of Carpentaria off Weipa, Queensland,
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<collectingCountry id="F34772C9FF86FFDBFCA4F95EFC00BCCA" box="[860,963,1698,1723]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Australia</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE64549EFF86FFDBFC2BF95EFB97BCCA" box="[979,1108,1698,1723]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" precision="15" value="-12.586389">12°35'11"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE64549EFF86FFDBFB98F95FFB31BCCA" box="[1120,1266,1699,1723]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" precision="15" value="141.70944">141°42'34"E</geoCoordinate>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF3FF93AFEEBBD72" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF3FF93AFE01BCAE" bold="true" box="[199,450,1734,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Additional localities.</emphasis>
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Fog Bay off Dundee Beach, Timor Sea, Northern Territory,
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<collectingCountry id="F34772C9FF86FFDBFB62F93AFAC2BCAE" box="[1178,1281,1734,1759]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Australia</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE64549EFF86FFDBFAEDF93AFA54BCAE" box="[1301,1431,1734,1759]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" precision="15" value="-12.759167">12°45'33"S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE64549EFF86FFDBFF6FF917FEDFBD72" box="[151,284,1771,1795]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" precision="15" value="130.35194">130°21'7"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF3FF8F2FD02BD56" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" box="[199,705,1806,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF3FF8F2FDDEBD56" bold="true" box="[199,541,1806,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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||
Date of collection (
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<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFE5CF8F2FDD3BD56" box="[420,528,1806,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
).
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</emphasis>
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<date id="FFEE1499FF86FFDBFDDCF8F3FD7EBD56" box="[548,701,1807,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" value="2004-05-18">18 May 2004</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF3FF8CEFB84BDC7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF3FF8CEFEBABD3A" bold="true" box="[199,377,1842,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
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<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFF3FF8CEFEC1BD3A" box="[199,258,1842,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFE7CF8CEFE2FBD3A" box="[388,492,1842,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(QM No. G235021; whole mount of immature worm) and 1
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<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFB3EF8CFFAE4BD3A" box="[1222,1319,1843,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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(QM No. G235020; whole mount of immature worm); 2
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<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFD39F8ABFCEEBD1E" box="[705,813,1879,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
(
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||
<collectionCode id="ED41AA9CFF86FFDBFCC7F8ABFC51BD1E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[831,914,1879,1903]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
Nos. 1283357–1283358; whole mounts of 2 immature worms); 2
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||
<typeStatus id="54EB8CFBFF86FFDBFE7BF887FE2DBDE2" box="[387,494,1915,1939]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
(LRP Nos. 8754–8755; whole mount of immature worm, and whole-mounted SEM strobilar voucher). Scolex examined with SEM retained at the University of Kansas.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF86FFDBFF3FF83EFD83BDAA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1662,2011]" box="[199,576,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF86FFDBFF3FF83EFE4ABDAA" bold="true" box="[199,393,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Site of infection.</emphasis>
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||
Spiral intestine.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF2F62D1FF89FFD4FF6FFA11FB83BC53" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242708/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" targetBox="[169,1416,212,1477]" targetPageId="8">
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||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF89FFD4FF6FFA11FB83BC53" blockId="8.[151,1437,1517,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FF6FFA11FED0BC72" bold="true" box="[151,275,1517,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Line drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF89FFD4FE37FA11FD7DBC72" box="[463,702,1517,1539]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FE37FA11FD7DBC72" box="[463,702,1517,1539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Phoreiobothrium swaki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FD3CFA12FCDEBC72" bold="true" box="[708,797,1518,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF89FFD4FD3CFA12FD3DBC72" box="[708,766,1518,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Scolex (QM No. G235021).
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FBB1FA12FBA3BC72" bold="true" box="[1097,1120,1518,1539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Hooks (USNM No. 1283357).
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FF6FF9F0FF6CBC53" bold="true" box="[151,175,1548,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Whole worm (QM No. G235021).
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FDEFF9F1FDF3BC53" bold="true" box="[535,560,1549,1570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal, immature proglottid (QM No. G235021).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34A61D2FF89FFD4FF3FF9B5FDA5BCF4" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF89FFD4FF3FF9B5FDA5BCF4" blockId="8.[151,1437,1609,2030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FF3FF9B5FE8DBC13" bold="true" box="[199,334,1609,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
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This species honors Stephen (Swak) Baer who through a series of fortuitous circumstances now also has a tapeworm to call his very own.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34A61D2FF89FFD6FF3FF96DFEC7BB84" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="8" pageNumber="343" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF89FFD5FF3FF96DFBDCBBF9" blockId="8.[151,1437,1609,2030]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="344" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF89FFD4FF3FF96DFE9ABCDB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1681,1706]" pageId="8" pageNumber="343">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
(Based on 5 whole mounts of immature worms, and 1 immature worm prepared for SEM with its strobilar voucher). Worms 4.2–4.9 (4.4 ± 0.3; 5) mm long, euapolytic or possibly hyperapolytic, greatest width 245–279 (264 ± 15; 4) at level of posterior proglottid; 22–39 (32 ± 7; 5) proglottids per worm. Scolex consisting of scolex proper bearing 4 rectangular bothridia and cephalic peduncle, 183–205 (194 ± 9; 4) wide at level of hooks. Bothridia 139–196 (175 ± 18; 8; 4) long by 96–118 (105 ± 8; 7; 4); each bearing anterior muscular pad in form of loculus, 1 pair of hooks, and post-hook region divided into subequal anterior and posterior loculi. Muscular pad 28–45 (36 ± 6; 9; 5) long, anterior margin without papillae. Anterior loculus conspicuously longer than posterior loculus, 117–145 (138 ± 10; 6; 4) long, posterior margin of anterior loculus bearing few papillae-like projections; posterior loculus horizontally oblong in form, 25–32 (27 ± 2; 8; 4) long, subdivided into 11–13 (13 ± 0.8; 6; 3) subloculi; subloculi 5–10 (8 ± 1; 13; 4) wide, approximately equal in length throughout posterior loculus; boundary between anterior and posterior loculus with double septum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF88FFD5FCB9FF6BFC60BAC1" box="[833,931,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,625,1636]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6 D – F. B. Subloculi. C. Pre-hook region and hooks. D. Microtriches on cephalic peduncle. E. Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface. F. Microtriches on distal bothridal surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Hooks tri-pronged, each with blunt talon embedded in musculature of scolex; prongs unequal in length, hollow, covered with thin layer of tissue; accessory piece between hook bases absent. Lateral hook measurements: A 30–51 (41 ± 8; 6; 5), B 36–48 (43 ± 5; 6; 5), C 26–34 (31 ± 3; 6; 5), D 36–66 (53 ± 11; 6; 5), E 17–25 (22 ± 3; 6; 5), F 12–19 (15 ± 3; 6; 5); medial hook measurements: A' 34–56 (48 ± 7; 7; 5), B' 38–58 (48 ± 8; 7; 5), C' 31–39 (35 ± 3; 7; 5), D' 44–71 (59 ± 10; 7; 5), E' 16–26 (21 ± 4; 7; 5), F' 10–19 (14 ± 3; 7; 5); lateral and medial hooks approximately equal in length. Cephalic peduncle 439–1,838 (1,160 ± 501; 5) long, with inconspicuous posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF88FFD5FF3FFE68FDCAB84C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">
|
||
Apex of scolex proper, muscular pad and distal bothridial surfaces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF88FFD5FC09FE68FB95BBDC" box="[1009,1110,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,625,1636]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6 D – F. B. Subloculi. C. Pre-hook region and hooks. D. Microtriches on cephalic peduncle. E. Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface. F. Microtriches on distal bothridal surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
F) covered with papilliform filitriches only. Proximal bothridial surfaces covered with papilliform filitriches and sparsely arranged, small gladiate spinitriches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF88FFD5FE7EFE20FE25BB84" box="[390,486,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,625,1636]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6 D – F. B. Subloculi. C. Pre-hook region and hooks. D. Microtriches on cephalic peduncle. E. Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface. F. Microtriches on distal bothridal surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Cephalic peduncle covered with acicular filitriches and large gladiate spinitriches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136B2EDCFF88FFD5FF66FE03FECBB869" box="[158,264,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,625,1636]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scanning electron micrographs of Phoreiobothrium swaki n. sp. A. Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6 D – F. B. Subloculi. C. Pre-hook region and hooks. D. Microtriches on cephalic peduncle. E. Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface. F. Microtriches on distal bothridal surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Strobila covered with capilliform filitriches and sparsely arranged large gladiate spinitriches decreasing in density posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2F62D1FF88FFD5FF6FF986FD3CBCBC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242709/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="344" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1626]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF88FFD5FF6FF986FD3CBCBC" blockId="9.[151,1436,1658,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FF6FF986FED5BCFE" bold="true" box="[151,278,1658,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF88FFD5FD71F986FCB9BCE1" box="[649,890,1658,1680]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="344" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FD71F986FCB9BCE1" box="[649,890,1658,1680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Phoreiobothrium swaki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FC7BF986FC21BCFE" bold="true" box="[899,994,1658,1679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF88FFD5FC7BF986FC03BCFE" box="[899,960,1658,1679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Scolex, small letters indicate locations of Figures 6D–F.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FED5F965FE87BCDF" bold="true" box="[301,324,1689,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Subloculi.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FE40F964FE13BCDF" bold="true" box="[440,464,1688,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Pre-hook region and hooks.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FD0CF965FCCEBCDF" bold="true" box="[756,781,1689,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Microtriches on cephalic peduncle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FB84F965FB57BCDF" bold="true" box="[1148,1172,1689,1710]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Microtriches on proximal bothridal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF88FFD5FEB6F94BFEA3BCBD" bold="true" box="[334,352,1719,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Microtriches on distal bothridal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF88FFD6FF3FF905FEC7BB84" blockId="9.[151,1436,1785,2026]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,1149]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="9" pageNumber="344">Proglottids acraspedote. Immature proglottids 22–39 (32 ± 7; 5) in number, initially wider than long, becoming longer than wide with maturity; posterior-most immature proglottid 330–712 (473 ± 147; 5) long by 245–279 (264 ± 15; 4) wide. Mature and gravid proglottids not observed. Testes 55–68 (62 ± 5; 7; 4) in number, of these 4–7 (6 ± 1; 7; 4) in postvaginal poral field, elongate oval to round, 12–28 (17 ± 5; 15; 5) long by 20–55 (34 ± 10; 15; 5) wide, 1 layer deep in cross section, extending from anterior of proglottid to anterior margin of ovary, in 4–6 irregular columns anterior to cirrus sac. Vas deferens minimal, coiling at antero-medial margin of cirrus sac, entering cirrus sac at its antero-medial margin. Cirrus sac oblong, 89–107 (99 ± 8; 5) long by 24–31 (27 ± 3; 5) wide, containing coiled cirrus; cirrus armed with spinitriches. Genital pores marginal, irregular alternating, 46–52 (49 ± 3; 5) % of proglottid length from posterior end. Vagina weakly sinuous, extending along midline of proglottid from ootype region to anterior margin of cirrus sac, then laterally along anterior margin of cirrus sac, opening into common genital atrium anterior to cirrus sac. Ovary near posterior margin of proglottid, H-shaped in frontal view, bilobed in cross section, lobulated, essentially symmetrical, 115–221 (151 ± 43; 5) long by 159–181 (165 ± 11; 4) wide. Mehlis’ gland posterior to ovarian isthmus. Vitellarium follicular, in 2 lateral bands; each band consisting of 1 dorsal and 1 ventral column of follicles, extending from near anterior margin of proglottid to posterior margin, interrupted by cirrus sac on dorsal side, uninterrupted by ovary. Uterus ventral, medial, extending from ootype to stop 3–4 testis-lengths short of anterior margin of testicular field. Excretory ducts in 2 lateral pairs. Eggs not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34A61D2FF8BFFD6FF3FFE03FB51BE0D" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF3259FF8BFFD6FF3FFE03FB51BE0D" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FF3FFE03FEF8B869" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FEBDFE03FD93B869" box="[325,592,511,536]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FEBDFE03FD93B869" box="[325,592,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">Phoreiobothrium swaki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF8BFFD6FDA3FE03FD5EB869" box="[603,669,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FDA3FE03FD5EB869" bold="true" box="[603,669,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FC0BFDFDFB62B869" box="[1011,1185,513,536]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="anticaporum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FC0BFDFDFB62B869" box="[1011,1185,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. anticaporum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the position of its genital pores which are located approximately at the middle, rather than at the extreme anterior portion of the proglottids (46–57 vs. 85–95% of proglottid length from posterior end). Unlike the basal prongs of the hooks of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FA7FFDB5FEC2B8F5" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="exceptum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FA7FFDB5FEC2B8F5" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. exceptum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FEECFD91FE6AB8F4" box="[276,425,620,645]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lewinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FEECFD91FE6AB8F4" box="[276,425,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. lewinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FE12FD91FD49B8F5" box="[490,650,621,644]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="purinsensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FE12FD91FD49B8F5" box="[490,650,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. purinsensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are extremely reduced, those of this new species are well developed. Its possession of tri-pronged, rather than bi-pronged, hooks readily distinguishes it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FAD8FD6DFA56B8D9" box="[1312,1429,657,680]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manirei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FAD8FD6DFA56B8D9" box="[1312,1429,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. manirei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FF6FFD48FE5CB8BC" box="[151,415,692,717]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FF6FFD48FE5CB8BC" box="[151,415,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">Phoreiobothrium swaki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF8BFFD6FE5FFD48FE24B8BC" box="[423,487,692,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FE5FFD48FE24B8BC" bold="true" box="[423,487,692,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a greater number of testes (53–68 vs. 36–49) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FBA2FD49FAECB8BC" box="[1114,1327,692,717]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="perilocrocodilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FBA2FD49FAECB8BC" box="[1114,1327,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. perilocrocodilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also lacks the 4–5 small, muscular papillae on the anterior margin of muscular pad seen in the latter species. This new species is a much smaller worm than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FDC5FD01FD0BB964" box="[573,712,764,789]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="blissorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FDC5FD01FD0BB964" box="[573,712,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. blissorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FD2EFD01FCF9B965" box="[726,826,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. l a s i u m</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FCB4FD01FC27B965" box="[844,996,765,788]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pectinatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FCB4FD01FC27B965" box="[844,996,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. pectinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FBE4FD01FB68B964" box="[1052,1195,764,789]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="robertsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FBE4FD01FB68B964" box="[1052,1195,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. robertsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CA89FBCFF8BFFD6FB42FD00FA80B965" box="[1210,1347,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="3.2">3.2–4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs. 13– 18.9, 11–25.6, 11–30 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA89FBCFF8BFFD6FE40FCDCFD88B946" box="[440,587,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="0.8099999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.9" valueMin="8.1">8.1–11.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total length, respectively). Its abaxial prongs are much less recurved than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FF02FCB9FEB8B92C" box="[250,379,836,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tiburonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FF02FCB9FEB8B92C" box="[250,379,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. tiburonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and whereas fully mature proglottids were never seen on the strobila of this new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FA7FFCB9FF38B9F1" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tiburonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FA7FFCB9FF38B9F1" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. tiburonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bears 1–3 mature proglottids on the strobila—in fact, in their original description of this species
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14FA8FF8BFFD6FABDFC9BFEE0B9D5" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" refString="Cheung, P. L., Nigrelli, R. F. & Ruggieri, G. D. (1982) Phoreiobothrium tiburonis, new species, (Cestoda: Onchobothriidae) from bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo (L.). Journal of Aquariculture, 2, 81 - 85." type="journal article">
|
||
Cheung
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FF6FFC71FF12B9D4" box="[151,209,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1982)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that in some cases gravid proglottids were retained on the strobila. With respect to the two other species found in members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FDA9FC4DFD78B9B9" box="[593,699,945,968]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Rhizoprionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FDA9FC4DFD78B9B9" box="[593,699,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">R. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FCCAFC4DFC48B9B9" box="[818,907,943,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="swaki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FCCAFC4DFC48B9B9" box="[818,907,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. swaki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175330FF8BFFD6FC6FFC53FC15B9B9" box="[919,982,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FC6FFC53FC15B9B9" bold="true" box="[919,982,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FB96FC4DFB7CB9B9" box="[1134,1215,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. j a hk i</emphasis>
|
||
in that, rather than bearing a posterior loculus that is shallowly obovoid and thus medial subloculi that are substantially longer than the lateral subloculi, the posterior loculus of the new species bears subloculi of approximately the same length throughout. Unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FE8CFBE1FE18BE44" box="[372,475,1052,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nadiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FE8CFBE1FE18BE44" box="[372,475,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. nadiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which exhibits 1–3 mature proglottids on the strobila, mature proglottids of
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FAB8FBE1FA5BBE45" box="[1344,1432,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. s w a k i</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FF6FFBC3FF16BE29" bold="true" box="[151,213,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
were not observed on any of the six worms examined. Moreover,
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FC4EFBBDFBCEBE29" box="[950,1037,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. s w ak i</emphasis>
|
||
n. sp. possesses narrower bothridia (96–148 vs. 163–193) and a shorter anterior loculus (117–157 vs. 194–232) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5049DAFF8BFFD6FBDCFB99FB48BE0C" box="[1060,1163,1124,1149]" class="Cestoda" family="Onchobothriidae" genus="Phoreiobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="345" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nadiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EE4BFF8BFFD6FBDCFB99FB48BE0C" box="[1060,1163,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="345">P. nadiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |