treatments-xml/data/03/F5/87/03F587E2B22862643686FDEF53E2F87E.xml

<document id="0AD89CFD1BB53D562C1842C2D0AB682F" ID-CLB-Dataset="2786" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5087.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7d98ecec-dc3d-4c9f-9eca-406967b43888" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819681" ID-ZooBank="A6D6C7D4-03B2-4AF4-BB47-070281350B6B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641370814610" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sanmartín-Villar, Iago, Lorenzo-Carballa, M. Olalla, Zhang, Haomiao &amp; Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo" docDate="2022" docId="03F587E2B22862643686FDEF53E2F87E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5087.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5087 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ischnura praematura Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFCCFF9AB22C626E3611FFA95661FF8B" masterDocTitle="Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1699294974856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="3E018406D15011CD16EF070A9DC5F438">Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC35DFA11B9F79412163E62FE227F86C">Sanmartín-Villar, Iago</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="62E7EA91744371775CDF4B673290CBD6">Universidade de Vigo, ECOEVO Lab, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira 36005 Pontevedra, Galiza, Spain Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="399282217C068B0D008573622A4F7565">Lorenzo-Carballa, M. Olalla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ED2A4CAA7998ABEAF1E129D43A75862B">Universidade de Vigo, ECOEVO Lab, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira 36005 Pontevedra, Galiza, Spain Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4570 - 2594</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EA53C9FE6472C3BCA36F9AB6126AC1CD">Zhang, Haomiao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4429117D63CF1B93F42AD66329C76582">Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FAF3929287FA58B1706AE97A15A10792">Universidade de Vigo, ECOEVO Lab, Escola de Enxeñaría Forestal, Campus A Xunqueira 36005 Pontevedra, Galiza, Spain Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5087 - 3550</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="E101B5E55ECA74CE98AEA50C652651D7">2022</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0AB8198B228626A3686FDEF5539FDEA" bold="true" box="[151,856,582,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A3686FDEF5539FDEA" bold="true" box="[151,856,582,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B228626A3686FDEF57FAFDEA" ID-CoL="9X5GH" authority="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera, 2022" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,411,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A3686FDEF57FAFDEA" bold="true" box="[151,411,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B579DB228626A37B2FDEE5461FDEA" box="[419,512,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Zhang
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE336F4B228626A3686FDC2577DFD0E" blockId="4.[151,856,582,645]" box="[151,284,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<figureCitation id="13672A71B228626A3686FDC2577DFD0E" box="[151,284,619,645]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetBox-1="[209,1396,660,1391]" captionTargetBox-2="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId-0="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetId-1="figure-181@5.[155,1432,633,1413]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ischnura praematura male head (a: frontal view; b: dorsal view) and hindwing (c)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819689" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5819689/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Figures 2–4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE336F4B228626A3686FD1A57F8FC9E" blockId="4.[151,1436,691,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B228626A3686FD1A57F8FC9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636301" collectingDate="2015-07-04" collectionCode="ECOEVO" collectorName="I. Sanmartin-Villar &amp; H. Zhang" country="China" county="Lab" elevation="2396" latitude="26.51765" location="Lijiang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.22747" municipality="Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54E78856B228626A3686FD1A5765FD46" box="[151,260,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. 
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(currently at 
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<collectingCounty id="62824E78B228626A3428FD1A5406FD46" box="[569,615,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Lab</collectingCounty>
, to be deposited at 
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, ACR- 3521), 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B228626A3597FD7E5581FD7A" box="[902,992,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.396" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="2396.0">
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, 
<date id="FFE21034B228626A35FEFD7F5213FD7A" box="[1007,1138,726,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" value="2015-07-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9DCB228626A35FEFD7F5213FD7A" box="[1007,1138,726,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" value="2015-07-04">04.vii.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26A95322B228626A3291FD7E5336FD7A" box="[1152,1367,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">I. Sanmartín-Villar</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26A95322B228626A3390FD7E56BEFC9E" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">H. Zhang</collectorName>
leg.; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B228626A370FFD5257EAFC9E" box="[286,395,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE336F4B228626A3686F86855D2F851" blockId="4.[151,947,1985,2010]" box="[151,947,1985,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A3686F868576CF852" bold="true" box="[151,269,1985,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B228626A3708F86B5793F852" authority="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera, 2022" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,498,1986,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A3708F86B5793F852" box="[281,498,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B579DB228626A37E9F86B5429F851" box="[504,584,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype ♂ (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A34C7F86B5482F851" bold="true" box="[726,739,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">a</emphasis>
) and ♀ allotype (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B228626A3587F86B55C5F851" bold="true" box="[918,932,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">b</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FF3E5797FE95" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B229626B36D6FF3E52F8FF3A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636303" box="[199,1177,150,177]" collectionCode="ECOEVO" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FF3E575EFF3A" bold="true" box="[199,319,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus id="54E78856B229626B36D6FF3E575EFF3A" box="[199,319,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. 
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB229626B375CFF3E57ECFF3A" box="[333,397,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
(
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Lab, ACR-3517, ACR-3520, ACR-3522, ACR-3523) and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B229626B32B0FF3E520EFF5E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636304" collectingDate="2015-07-04" collectionCode="ECOEVO" collectorName="I. Sanmartin-Villar &amp; H. Zhang" country="China" county="Lab" elevation="2396" latitude="26.51765" location="Lijiang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.22747" municipality="Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB229626B32B0FF3E5281FF3A" box="[1185,1248,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4DAE31B229626B32FEFF3E5303FF3A" box="[1263,1378,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">ECOEVO</collectionCode>
Lab, ACR-3515, ACR-3516, ACR-3518, ACR-3519). Same collection data as the holotype
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B229626B326AFF12523DFF72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636302" collectingDate="2014-06-15" collectingDateMax="2021-06-04" collectingDateMin="2014-06-15" collectorName="Haomiao Zhang " country="China" location="Kunming" municipality="Xiaohexiang village" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB229626B326AFF1252FFFF5E" box="[1147,1182,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB229626B32C9FF12529AFF5E" box="[1240,1275,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87AC8EB229626B331AFF125687FF72" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Xiaohexiang village</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E83602FB229626B36E1FF76573BFF72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F587E2B22862643686FDEF53E2F87E:8E83602FB229626B36E1FF76573BFF72" box="[240,346,223,249]" country="China" municipality="Xiaohexiang village" name="Kunming" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Yunnan">Kunming</location>
city, 
<collectingRegion id="4998F816B229626B3785FF765435FF72" box="[404,596,223,249]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Yunnan province</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="FFE21034B229626B344FFF765488FF72" box="[606,745,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" value="2021-06-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9DCB229626B344FFF765488FF72" box="[606,745,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" value="2021-06-04">04. Vi. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26A95322B229626B34E2FF7655C6FF72" box="[755,935,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Haomiao Zhang</collectorName>
leg; 
<date id="FFE21034B229626B35CDFF775236FF72" box="[988,1111,222,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" value="2014-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9DCB229626B35CDFF775236FF72" box="[988,1111,222,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" value="2014-06-15">15.vi.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B229626B3270FF765792FE95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636306" collectingDate="2014-06-15" collectingDateMax="2021-06-04" collectingDateMin="2014-06-15" collectorName="Haomiao Zhang " country="China" location="Kunming" municipality="Xiaohexiang village" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26A95322B229626B3270FF7652B3FF72" box="[1121,1234,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Sanjiacun</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26A95322B229626B32CDFF76536DFF72" box="[1244,1292,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Dali</collectorName>
city, 
<collectingRegion id="4998F816B229626B3356FF76569DFE96" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Yunnan province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectorName id="26A95322B229626B3716FEAA57DCFE96" box="[263,445,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Haomiao Zhang</collectorName>
leg)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FE8F52DEFECA" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,610]" box="[199,1215,294,322]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<materialsCitation id="3B343CA9B229626B36D6FE8F52DEFECA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3426636305" box="[199,1215,294,322]" collectingDate="2015-07-04" collectionCode="ECOEVO" collectorName="I. Sanmartin-Villar &amp; H. Zhang" country="China" county="Lab" elevation="2396" latitude="26.51765" location="Lijiang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.22747" municipality="Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="allotype">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FE8F5752FECB" bold="true" box="[199,307,294,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus id="54E78856B229626B36D6FE8F574FFECB" box="[199,302,294,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB229626B372BFE8E572EFECA" box="[314,335,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4DAE31B229626B374FFE8E57B0FECA" box="[350,465,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">ECOEVO</collectionCode>
Lab, ACR-3514; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B348BFE8E5568FEC9" box="[666,777,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
). Same collection data as the holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346657FB229626B36D6FEE25431FE25" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FEE25431FE25" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FEE25729FEEE" bold="true" box="[199,328,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Etymology</emphasis>
. Specific name 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B229626B3412FEE254E6FEEF" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[515,647,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B3412FEE254E6FEEF" box="[515,647,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(i.e. premature: occurring before a state of readiness or maturity has arrived) in reference to its reproductive behaviour, in which mature males mate with newly emerged females before they reach sexual maturity (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346657FB229626936D6FE1F5443F912" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FE1F57BFFE5A" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,610]" box="[199,478,438,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FE1F57BFFE5A" bold="true" box="[199,478,438,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54E78856B229626B3766FE1E57BFFE5A" box="[375,478,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FE7254F9FDEA" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FE725765FE7E" box="[199,260,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B3703FE7257FCFE7D" box="[274,413,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[209,1396,660,1391]" captionTargetId="figure-181@5.[155,1432,633,1413]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ischnura praematura male head (a: frontal view; b: dorsal view) and hindwing (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 3a–b</figureCitation>
). Mainly yellow-green except for some black colouration present on the upper border of the labrum (arrow-like mark), the postclypeus and the upper part of the epicranium. Antennae completely black, except for the yellow-green basal segment. Postocular spots, which are small and rounded, and occipital bar (a central line with one spot at each side) also yellow-green.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB229626B3686FA345202FA3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819689" box="[151,1123,1437,1461]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" startId="5.[151,250,1437,1461]" targetBox="[209,1396,660,1391]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B3686FA345202FA3E" blockId="5.[151,1123,1437,1461]" box="[151,1123,1437,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B3686FA34576CFA3E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1437,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B229626B3708FA345793FA3E" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,498,1437,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B3708FA345793FA3E" box="[281,498,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male head (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B347FFA34541AFA3E" bold="true" box="[622,635,1437,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">a</emphasis>
: frontal view; 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B3501FA34557FFA3E" bold="true" box="[784,798,1437,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">b</emphasis>
: dorsal view) and hindwing (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B325BFA345234FA3E" bold="true" box="[1098,1109,1437,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">c</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6FA4A5561F896" blockId="5.[151,1437,1507,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6FA4A5779FA76" box="[199,280,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B3736FA4A57F9FA76" box="[295,408,1507,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
). Dorsal part of the pronotum’s middle lobe black with one yellow-green spot at each side. Propleuron yellow-green. The posterior lobe of the pronotum shows an elevated central notch, like a saddle cantle. The mesostigmal plate possesses four dorso-lateral triangular protuberances pointing to the sides (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B32FAF9825304F9CE" box="[1259,1381,1579,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figures 6a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B3360F98253EEF9CE" box="[1393,1423,1579,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">8a</figureCitation>
). The dorsal pair of these protuberances are dorsally projected and possess a hook-shaped apical expansion that points laterally, outwards from the body. The lateral protuberances are triangular in shape, and point also laterally outwards from the body. Thorax is mainly yellow-green, except for the blackish middorsal carina, a broader line covering the humeral suture expanded towards the mesepisternum (first segment) and mesepimeron (second segment), a spot at the posterior region of the interpleural suture, and a narrow lateral suture enlarged at the posterior region in the junction between the metepisternum and metepimeron.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6F8815349F8EE" blockId="5.[151,1437,1507,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6F881569DF8CA" box="[199,252,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B371FF88E57E1F8CA" box="[270,384,1831,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
). All parts yellow-green except dorsally black in femur, tibia and the tip of the third tarsal segment. Black colour narrows in the distal part of femur and is not present in the distal part of the tibia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B229626B36D6F8D952E8F826" blockId="5.[151,1437,1507,1966]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B229626B36D6F8D9576AF802" box="[199,267,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B3709F8C657EEF802" box="[280,399,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figures 2a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B229626B3789F8C657D5F802" box="[408,436,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[209,1396,660,1391]" captionTargetId="figure-181@5.[155,1432,633,1413]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ischnura praematura male head (a: frontal view; b: dorsal view) and hindwing (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">3c</figureCitation>
). Hyaline. Nine postnodal veins. Pterostigma bicolour, blurring between blackish (anterior) towards light brown (posterior). Colours more differentiated in hindwings than forewings.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB22A62683686F9575282F865" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" startId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" targetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22A62683686F9575282F865" blockId="6.[151,1437,1790,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683686F9575771F89C" bold="true" box="[151,272,1790,1815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A6268370EF956579BF89D" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[287,506,1791,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A6268370EF956579BF89D" box="[287,506,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphological details and comparison with 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A626835DCF9565248F89D" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[973,1065,1791,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626835DCF9565248F89D" box="[973,1065,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in China (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683313F9565349F89C" bold="true" box="[1282,1320,1791,1815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">c–d</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683351F95653FDF89C" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1344,1436,1791,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683351F95653FDF89C" box="[1344,1436,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in India (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683744F88B5714F8B1" bold="true" box="[341,373,1826,1850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">e–f</emphasis>
), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A626837A5F88A5478F8B1" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[436,537,1827,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626837A5F88A5478F8B1" box="[436,537,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in China (
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626834F4F88A556DF8B0" bold="true" box="[741,780,1827,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">g–h</emphasis>
). 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683530F88A554FF8B0" bold="true" box="[801,814,1827,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">a</emphasis>
: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683301F88A53FCF8B1" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1296,1437,1827,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683301F88A53FCF8B1" box="[1296,1437,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626836D8F8EE56BEF8D4" bold="true" box="[201,223,1863,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">b:</emphasis>
posterior view of the anal appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683498F8EE5577F8D5" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[649,790,1863,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683498F8EE5577F8D5" box="[649,790,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A6268355FF8EE5538F8D4" bold="true" box="[846,857,1863,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">c</emphasis>
: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683350F8EE53FDF8D5" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1345,1436,1863,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683350F8EE53FDF8D5" box="[1345,1436,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626836D8F8C25681F808" bold="true" box="[201,224,1899,1923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">d:</emphasis>
posterior view of the anal appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683498F8C25482F809" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[649,739,1899,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683498F8C25482F809" box="[649,739,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A6268350AF8C2554EF808" bold="true" box="[795,815,1899,1923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">e:</emphasis>
lateral view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683301F8C2530AF808" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1296,1387,1899,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683301F8C2530AF808" box="[1296,1387,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683686F82756C9F82D" bold="true" box="[151,168,1934,1958]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">f:</emphasis>
posterior view of the anal appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683447F82654D0F82C" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[598,689,1935,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683447F82654D0F82C" box="[598,689,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626834FBF8265561F82C" bold="true" box="[746,768,1935,1959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">g:</emphasis>
lateral view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A626832F7F826532DF82D" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1254,1356,1935,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626832F7F826532DF82D" box="[1254,1356,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683397F82653FCF82C" bold="true" box="[1414,1437,1935,1959]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">h:</emphasis>
posterior view of the anal appendages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A6268342AF81A54C1F841" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[571,672,1971,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A6268342AF81A54C1F841" box="[571,672,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626834C8F81B5481F841" bold="true" box="[729,736,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">i</emphasis>
: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A626832D6F81A5334F841" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1223,1365,1971,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626832D6F81A5334F841" box="[1223,1365,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂); 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A6268339CF81B53F4F841" bold="true" box="[1421,1429,1970,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">j</emphasis>
: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22A62683461F87E549CF865" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[624,765,2007,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683461F87E549CF865" box="[624,765,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♀). 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683525F87E5529F864" box="[820,840,2007,2031]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">dt</emphasis>
, dorsal tubercle; 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A626835E6F87E526CF865" box="[1015,1037,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">ce</emphasis>
, cerci; 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22A62683248F87E5207F865" box="[1113,1126,2007,2030]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">p</emphasis>
, paraprocts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FF3E5751FEEE" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6FF3E5750FF3A" box="[199,305,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693750FF3E57D0FF3A" box="[321,433,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
). S1 and S2 black dorsally, greenish and yellow-reddish in the lateral and ventral region respectively. S3 to S5 completely yellow-reddish except for black intersegment areas. S6 mostly yellow-reddish, and black in the 1/5 posterior part. S7 dorsally black and ventrally green-yellow (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693227FF7652C6FF72" box="[1078,1191,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
). S8 with blue colour describing a lower case omega (ω, considering lateral plus dorsal view; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626935CEFEAA5210FE95" box="[991,1137,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 4a, i</figureCitation>
). S9 blue. S10 blue, with a basal black delta-shaped mark and two triangular anterior black marks. Protuberance in S10 not elevated and dorsally blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FEC657B6FE7E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6FEC65707FE02" box="[199,358,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Genital ligula</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693766FEC657BAFE02" box="[375,475,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1016,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,533,985]" captionTargetId="figure-172@7.[151,1436,525,993]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lateral view of the male genital ligula of I. praematura (a: 100x; b: 250x). Ss: short spines; Ls: long spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819693/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 5</figureCitation>
). Close to the junction with the second segment, the first ligula segment presents a triangular spot of short spines at the basis and a group of long spines at the middle. Second segment with a pair of curved long spines and a pair of C-shape long and wide flagella. The ventral region of the flagella is covered by short spines aligned in rows.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB22B62693686FC51533CFB9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819693" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819693" box="[151,1373,1016,1041]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819693/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" startId="7.[151,250,1016,1040]" targetBox="[156,1430,533,985]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B62693686FC51533CFB9A" blockId="7.[151,1373,1016,1041]" box="[151,1373,1016,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693686FC51576CFB9A" bold="true" box="[151,269,1016,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Lateral view of the male genital ligula of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B626934AFFC50552AFB9B" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[702,843,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626934AFFC50552AFB9B" box="[702,843,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a: 100x; b: 250x). 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693205FC50524AFB9B" box="[1044,1067,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Ss</emphasis>
: short spines; 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626932AFFC5052B7FB9B" box="[1214,1238,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Ls</emphasis>
: long spines.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FB965281FB2A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6FB9657E6FBD2" box="[199,391,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Anal appendages</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693785FB96545BFBD1" box="[404,570,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 4a, b, i</figureCitation>
). In lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626934EBFB965506FBD2" box="[762,871,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 4a</figureCitation>
), the dorsal part of the cerci is darker and elongated forming an upwards directed spine. Paraprocts are small and do not extend beyond the cerci. In posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269368EFB2E5771FB29" box="[159,272,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 4b</figureCitation>
), the spines of the cerci are divergent, whereas the tip of the paraprocts are convergent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FB025215FB4E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" box="[199,1140,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Body length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22B6269377EFB0257B7FB4E" box="[367,470,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4899999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="24.9">24.9 mm</quantity>
; abdominal length = 19.0 mm; hindwing length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22B62693218FB025211FB4E" box="[1033,1136,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="13.8">13.8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FB675432FA85" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6FB6757BDFB62" bold="true" box="[199,476,1230,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54E78856B22B6269376CFB6657BDFB62" box="[381,476,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. Similar colour patterns and shape as males in head, legs and wings, but turquoise green instead yellow-green (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626937C4FB5A5427FA85" box="[469,582,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FABE52CCFADD" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
The posterior lobe of the pronotum shows a discontinuous notch, only present in the lateral regions (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269330CFABE53F9FABA" box="[1309,1432,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6b</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693686FA9256D7FADD" box="[151,182,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7b</figureCitation>
). Mesostigmal plates do not show developed dorsal protuberances as in males (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269323EFA9252C1FADD" box="[1071,1184,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 8b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FAF656DDFA4A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693754FAF657A3FAF2" box="[325,450,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[187,1404,858,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-215@4.[155,1432,813,1962]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ischnura praematura sp. nov., holotype ♂ (a) and ♀ allotype (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 2b</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626937DFFAF65789FAF1" box="[462,488,1375,1402]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">4j</figureCitation>
). Dorsally black and ventrally green. Without vulvar spine. Genital valves overpass the base of the cerci but the stylus does not reach the tip of the cerci. Cerci longer than S10 and are narrow at the tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FA625215FA6E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" box="[199,1140,1483,1510]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Body length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22B6269377EFA6257B7FA6E" box="[367,470,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="25.4">25.4 mm</quantity>
; abdominal length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22B626934D3FA625548FA6E" box="[706,809,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="19.2">19.2 mm</quantity>
; hindwing length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22B62693218FA625211FA6E" box="[1033,1136,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="14.9">14.9 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626936D6FA475443F912" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6FA4757BDF982" bold="true" box="[199,476,1518,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Variations in 
<typeStatus id="54E78856B22B62693777FA4657BDF982" box="[358,476,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. There is slight variation in the number of wing veins (up to two additional veins in all wing rows). The blue colouration of male S10 is laterally interrupted by black spots in some specimens, so that they show a blue dorsal dot and a pair of blue lateral regions. No polychromatism was observed and all females showed a greenish colouration pattern different than males (gynochrome). Older individuals develop a grey wax over the cuticle (pruinescence; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693782F9D65474F912" box="[403,533,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,194,1032]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[150,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ischnura praematura mature male (a) and female (b) as seen in the field, nearby Lijiang city.Note the pruinescence in the abdomen and legs of the mature female and the wing hardness in comparison with the females of the following pictures. Tandem (c) and mating (d) observed in the field between a mature male and a teneral female. All photos by I. Sanmartín- Villar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819705/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346657FB22B626436D6F90B53E2F87E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22B626736D6F90B5776FE25" blockId="7.[151,1437,1087,2014]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,897]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626936D6F90B57A6F937" bold="true" box="[199,455,1698,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
. Similar at naked eye in size and colouration to 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B626935FFF90D5235F936" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1006,1108,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626935FFF90D5235F936" box="[1006,1108,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B6269329DF90D5291F936" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1164,1264,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B6269329DF90D5291F936" box="[1164,1264,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693311F90D53FDF936" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1280,1436,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693311F90D53FDF936" box="[1280,1436,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from these two species by the first thoracic segments in males and females and by the anal appendages and the abdominal colouration in males. The elevated central notch that appears in the posterior lobe of the pronotum of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B6269375FF8B95789F8A2" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[334,488,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B6269375FF8B95789F8A2" box="[334,488,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626937E7F8A65402F8A2" box="[502,611,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 6a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269347CF8A654EBF8A2" box="[621,650,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">8a</figureCitation>
), is not found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693550F8B955C5F8A2" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[833,932,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693550F8B955C5F8A2" box="[833,932,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626935A0F8A6527FF8A2" box="[945,1054,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 6c</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693239F8A65222F8A2" box="[1064,1091,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">8c</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693291F8B95283F8A2" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1152,1250,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693291F8B95283F8A2" box="[1152,1250,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626932FEF8A65306F8A2" box="[1263,1383,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6e</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693360F8A653EEF8A2" box="[1393,1423,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">8e</figureCitation>
). The middle part of the posterior lobe is not expanded in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B6269351EF89D55CBF8C6" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[783,938,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B6269351EF89D55CBF8C6" box="[783,938,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(males: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269321AF89A52E2F8C6" box="[1035,1155,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269329EF89A52CDF8C6" box="[1167,1196,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7a</figureCitation>
; females: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269330FF89A53F9F8C6" box="[1310,1432,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6b</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693686F8FE56D5F8F9" box="[151,180,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7b</figureCitation>
) as it occurs in the other two species (
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693474F8F154ABF8FA" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[613,714,1880,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693474F8F154ABF8FA" box="[613,714,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693533F8FE55FBF8FA" box="[802,922,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6c</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626935B7F8FE55A5F8FA" box="[934,964,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7c</figureCitation>
; females: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693227F8FE52D0F8FA" box="[1078,1201,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6d</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626932ADF8FE5294F8FA" box="[1212,1269,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
7d; 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B626932F9F8F15294F8FA" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1256,1269,1880,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B626932F9F8F15294F8FA" box="[1256,1269,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</figureCitation>
. rubilio males: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693686F8D25773F81E" box="[151,274,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6e</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693731F8D2575CF81E" box="[288,317,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7e</figureCitation>
; females: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626937A5F8D2544DF81E" box="[436,556,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6f</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269342BF8D25435F81D" box="[570,596,1915,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7f</figureCitation>
). The dorsal protuberances on the mesostigmal plates are triangular with apical expansion in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693764F8095471F832" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[373,528,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693764F8095471F832" box="[373,528,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269340FF83654F6F832" box="[542,663,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626934B3F83654DEF832" box="[674,703,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">8a</figureCitation>
), while in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693525F80955F9F832" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[820,920,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693525F80955F9F832" box="[820,920,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626935B7F836527FF832" box="[934,1054,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6c</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B6269323BF8365224F832" box="[1066,1093,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">8c</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693292F8095287F832" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1155,1254,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693292F8095287F832" box="[1155,1254,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B626932E5F836530CF832" box="[1268,1389,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figures 6e</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693369F83653F5F832" box="[1400,1428,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">7e</figureCitation>
) these are rounded and their basis are narrower. Female mesostigmal plates are wider in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22B62693269F86D5375F856" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1144,1300,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22B62693269F86D5375F856" box="[1144,1300,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22B62693335F86A53F5F855" box="[1316,1428,1987,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 8b</figureCitation>
) than in the other cited species (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626737EBFF3E54F1FF39" box="[506,656,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 8d, f</figureCitation>
). All observed male specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673208FF3E52D7FF3B" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1049,1206,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673208FF3E52D7FF3B" box="[1049,1206,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possess no elevated dorsal tubercule in the abdominal S10 (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673450FF1254B3FF5D" box="[577,722,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4a, b</figureCitation>
), while this structure is highly prominent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626732A3FF125375FF5F" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1202,1300,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626732A3FF125375FF5F" box="[1202,1300,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673331FF1256C7FF71" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4c, d</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626736F3FF765725FF72" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[226,324,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626736F3FF765725FF72" box="[226,324,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673743FF765780FF71" box="[338,481,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4e, f</figureCitation>
). The superior part of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626734EAFF7655F4FF73" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[763,917,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626734EAFF7655F4FF73" box="[763,917,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cerci is expanded in a long spine differentiated from the basis (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267375FFEAA5788FE95" box="[334,489,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4a, b</figureCitation>
), in opposition to the continuous shape in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626735CCFEAA5224FE97" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[989,1093,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626735CCFEAA5224FE97" box="[989,1093,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673247FEAA5291FE95" box="[1110,1264,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4c, d</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673327FEAA53FDFE96" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1334,1436,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673327FEAA53FDFE96" box="[1334,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267368EFE8E575DFEC9" box="[159,316,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figures 4 e, f</figureCitation>
). Paraprocts are separated from cerci in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673516FE8E550CFECB" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[775,877,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673516FE8E550CFECB" box="[775,877,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267356DFE8E558DFECA" box="[892,1004,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267323DFE8E52F0FECA" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1068,1169,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267323DFE8E52F0FECA" box="[1068,1169,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626732B0FE8E5373FECA" box="[1185,1298,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 4e</figureCitation>
), while in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267339DFE8E577AFEEF" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267339DFE8E577AFEEF" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the paraprocts are wider and they appear, in a lateral view, masked by the cerci (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626732A2FEE25345FEEE" box="[1203,1316,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 4a</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673328FEE2577AFE03" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673328FEE2577AFE03" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only of these three species that shows blue colouration on the dorsal part of the abdominal S10 (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267368EFE3A5768FE25" box="[159,265,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[297,1292,187,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[266,1321,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819691/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 4i</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB22462663686F8C05742F865" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" startId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" targetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22462663686F8C05742F865" blockId="8.[151,1436,1897,2030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22462663686F8C0576EF809" bold="true" box="[151,271,1897,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B224626635CDF8C352D7F80A" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[988,1206,1898,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B224626635CDF8C352D7F80A" box="[988,1206,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B224626632F3F8C3528EF809" bold="true" box="[1250,1263,1898,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">a</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266330BF8C35349F809" bold="true" box="[1306,1320,1898,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">b</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2246266332EF8C353FDF80A" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1343,1436,1898,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266332EF8C353FDF80A" box="[1343,1436,1898,1921]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266372BF8275724F82D" bold="true" box="[314,325,1934,1958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">c</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22462663760F827571EF82D" bold="true" box="[369,383,1934,1958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">d</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22462663787F8275792F82D" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[406,499,1934,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22462663787F8275792F82D" box="[406,499,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from India (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22462663487F82754C0F82D" bold="true" box="[662,673,1934,1958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">e</emphasis>
; ♀ f,), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22462663531F82755E6F82E" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[800,903,1934,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22462663531F82755E6F82E" box="[800,903,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ g; ♀ h). 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266329EF82752A6F82D" box="[1167,1223,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">notch</emphasis>
: pronotum posterior lobe notch, 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266371EF81B5753F842" box="[271,306,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">exp</emphasis>
: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B224626634A1F81B54AAF841" box="[688,715,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">lat</emphasis>
: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2246266327EF81B52F3F841" box="[1135,1170,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">dor</emphasis>
: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B225626736D6FE1E524FFC0A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
At naked eye, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673764FE1E5788FE5B" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[373,489,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673764FE1E5788FE5B" box="[373,489,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673499FE1E5549FE5B" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[648,808,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673499FE1E5549FE5B" box="[648,808,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its abdominal colouration (black and green-yellow with only S9 dorsally blue) and larger body size (body length = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B2256267357CFE7355B4FE7E" box="[877,981,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="27.5">27.5 mm</quantity>
; hindwing = 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B2256267327BFE7252B2FE7E" box="[1130,1235,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="14.2">14.2 mm</quantity>
). However, males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626736A6FE565735FD93" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[183,340,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626736A6FE565735FD93" box="[183,340,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267379FFE565461FD93" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[398,512,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267379FFE565461FD93" box="[398,512,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar in the first thoracic segments and in the anal appendages, and clearly different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267372CFD8A57C3FDB7" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[317,418,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267372CFD8A57C3FDB7" box="[317,418,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626737D8FD8A544CFDB6" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[457,557,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626737D8FD8A544CFDB6" box="[457,557,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267342DFD8A5561FDB7" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[572,768,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267342DFD8A5561FDB7" box="[572,768,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Ischnura asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also possess an elevated central notch in the posterior lobe of the pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267374DFDEE57ACFDE9" box="[348,461,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Figure 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B225626737BEFDEE57ACFDE9" box="[431,461,583,610]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
), although it is not interrupted in the middle (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626735C1FDEE5223FDEA" box="[976,1090,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Figure 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22562673232FDEE5223FDEA" box="[1059,1090,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="7.0">7g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
; also in females; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673316FDEE5314FDE9" box="[1287,1397,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 7h</figureCitation>
) as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626736A4FDC25730FD0F" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[181,337,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626736A4FDC25730FD0F" box="[181,337,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626737B8FDC25476FD0E" box="[425,535,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 7a</figureCitation>
; female: 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673491FDC25491FD0D" box="[640,752,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 7b</figureCitation>
). The middle part of the posterior lobe is not expanded as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673686FD265755FD23" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,308,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673686FD265755FD23" box="[151,308,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673754FD2657D6FD22" box="[325,439,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[257,1334,222,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[219,1368,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Scheme of the pronotum and mesostigmal plates in lateral view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h). notch: pronotum posterior lobe notch, exp: pronotum posterior lobe expansion, lat: mesostigmal plate lateral protuberance, dor: mesostigmal plate dorsal protuberance." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819695/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Figure 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B22562673788FD2657D6FD22" box="[409,439,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626737D4FD265782FD22" box="[453,483,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<quantity id="4CA49B11B225626737D4FD265782FD22" box="[453,483,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="7.0">7g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
), but 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673436FD2654F8FD23" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[551,665,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673436FD2654F8FD23" box="[551,665,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows two triangular lateral expansions (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22562673267FD265288FD22" box="[1142,1257,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Figure 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B225626732DBFD265288FD22" box="[1226,1257,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" unit="g" value="7.0">7g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
; also present in females; 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626736EFFD1A570AFD45" box="[254,363,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-414@9.[192,1395,921,1759]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 7h</figureCitation>
) not found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267341CFD1A54C8FD47" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[525,681,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267341CFD1A54C8FD47" box="[525,681,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The dorsal protuberances on the mesostigmal plates are triangular with apical expansion in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626737BEFD7E542BFD7B" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[431,586,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626737BEFD7E542BFD7B" box="[431,586,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673491FD7E5491FD7B" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[640,752,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673491FD7E5491FD7B" box="[640,752,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but they are wider in the former. Female mesostigmal plates are narrower in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267375EFD5257A3FC9F" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[335,450,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267375EFD5257A3FC9F" box="[335,450,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13672A71B225626737C3FD525424FC9D" box="[466,581,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-103@10.[212,1375,345,1198]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 8h</figureCitation>
). The dorsal tubercle is more elevated in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673235FD5252F6FC9F" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1060,1175,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673235FD5252F6FC9F" box="[1060,1175,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626732E9FD5253F4FC9F" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1272,1429,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626732E9FD5253F4FC9F" box="[1272,1429,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and is dorsally blue in both species. The superior part of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267352CFCB655CCFCB3" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[829,941,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267352CFCB655CCFCB3" box="[829,941,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cerci is expanded but not developing a long spine as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673707FCEA57D3FCD7" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[278,434,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673707FCEA57D3FCD7" box="[278,434,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Paraprocts are narrow and laterally separated from cerci in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267324CFCEA52AFFCD7" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1117,1230,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267324CFCEA52AFFCD7" box="[1117,1230,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in contrast with 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267339DFCEA577AFC0B" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267339DFCEA577AFC0B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Blue colouration is restricted to the dorsal tubercle in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673595FCCE5595FC0B" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[900,1012,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673595FCCE5595FC0B" box="[900,1012,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S10.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB22562673686F95E552FF8B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" startId="9.[151,250,1783,1807]" targetBox="[218,1377,957,1732]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22562673686F95E552FF8B8" blockId="9.[151,1437,1783,1844]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673686F95E576FF884" bold="true" box="[151,270,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626734C7F95E55CEF884" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[726,943,1783,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626734C7F95E55CEF884" box="[726,943,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626735C8F95E5587F884" bold="true" box="[985,998,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">a</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267321FF95E527DF884" bold="true" box="[1038,1052,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">b</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673222F95152EFF884" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1075,1166,1784,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673222F95152EFF884" box="[1075,1166,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673324F95E5321F884" bold="true" box="[1333,1344,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">c</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673378F95E5316F884" bold="true" box="[1385,1399,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">d</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267339CF95156BDF8B8" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267339CF95156BDF8B8" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from India (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673767F8B257E0F8B8" bold="true" box="[374,385,1819,1843]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">e</emphasis>
; ♀ f,), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B225626737E6F8B5543DF8B8" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[503,604,1820,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626737E6F8B5543DF8B8" box="[503,604,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ g; ♀ h).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B225626436D6F8C852D3FECA" blockId="9.[151,1437,1889,2024]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B225626736D6F8C85538F8F0" bold="true" box="[199,857,1889,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
Phylogenetic relationships with other 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267349FF8C85538F8F0" box="[654,857,1889,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267349FF8C85499F8F7" bold="true" box="[654,760,1889,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Ischnura</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Obtained sequences were all identified by BLAST as similar to other odonate species in the NCBI databases. Results of phylogenetic analyses were congruent for both mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, and also for BI and ML analyses. All the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2256267325CF80052D0F848" baseAuthorityName="Chapentier" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1101,1201,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2256267325CF80052D0F848" box="[1101,1201,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Ischnura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens collected at Lijiang formed a monophyletic and well supported clade (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B2256267355EF86455D2F863" box="[847,947,1997,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1784,1808]" captionTargetBox="[349,1293,181,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[294,1293,181,1760]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Trees representing the phylogenetic relationships between the Ischnura species included in this study using (a) mitochondrial DNA (COI; 451 bp) and (b) nuclear DNA (ITS; 610 bp) sequence data. Ischnura praematura clade appears highlighted in pink.Numbers above and below branches represent Bayesian Inference posterior probability values and Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values, respectively. Only bootstrap values equal or greater than 50% are shown. Note that in (b) only the ingroup (i.e. Ischnura clade) is depicted. For those species whose sequences were downloaded from GenBank to be included in the genetic analyses, accession numbers are indicated after each species name. In (b), outgroup GenBank accession numbers are as follows: MN963489 and MN963513 for Enallagma cyathigerum, and AB706596 for E. circulatum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819703/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Figure 9</figureCitation>
), with 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673217F8675219F86C" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1030,1144,1998,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673217F8675219F86C" box="[1030,1144,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22562673299F86753FDF863" authority="(Asahina, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Asahina" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1160,1436,1997,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ezoin">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22562673299F86752BDF86C" box="[1160,1244,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">I. ezoin</emphasis>
(Asahina, 1952)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626436D9FF3E5756FF3A" authorityName="Charpentier" authorityYear="1825" box="[200,311,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626436D9FF3E5756FF3A" box="[200,311,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. pumilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the most closely related species. Interestingly, two individuals identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626432ABFF3E5326FF3A" box="[1210,1351,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626432ABFF3E537FFF3A" box="[1210,1310,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Ischnura</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, whose sequences were downloaded from GenBank (see 
<tableCitation id="C6DE034FB226626434ACFF125571FF5E" box="[701,784,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,730,756]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. GenBank accession numbers for the specimens of Ischnura sequenced for this study. Listed are: voucher ID, sex and detailed collection data." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF23667CB22E626C3686FD735092FD7F" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="DF23667CB22E626C3686FD735092FD7F">Table 1</tableCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22662643557FF1255C7FF5E" box="[838,934,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1784,1808]" captionTargetBox="[349,1293,181,1708]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[294,1293,181,1760]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Trees representing the phylogenetic relationships between the Ischnura species included in this study using (a) mitochondrial DNA (COI; 451 bp) and (b) nuclear DNA (ITS; 610 bp) sequence data. Ischnura praematura clade appears highlighted in pink.Numbers above and below branches represent Bayesian Inference posterior probability values and Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values, respectively. Only bootstrap values equal or greater than 50% are shown. Note that in (b) only the ingroup (i.e. Ischnura clade) is depicted. For those species whose sequences were downloaded from GenBank to be included in the genetic analyses, accession numbers are indicated after each species name. In (b), outgroup GenBank accession numbers are as follows: MN963489 and MN963513 for Enallagma cyathigerum, and AB706596 for E. circulatum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819703/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Figure 9</figureCitation>
), clustered together with the specimens from Lijiang sequenced by us, indicating that they are indeed the same species. The author of these sequences, Dr. Ryo Futahashi has confirmed us that these specimens were collected in Xishan District, Kunming, also in the province of 
<collectingRegion id="4998F816B226626436A5FE8E576CFECA" box="[180,269,295,321]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, ca. 
<quantity id="4CA49B11B2266264372EFE8F57F5FECA" box="[319,404,294,321]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
far from Lijiang (R. Futahashi, personal communication, 
<date id="FFE21034B2266264320CFE8E52C4FECA" box="[1053,1189,295,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" value="2021-06-02">2 June 2021</date>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF23667CB22662643686FB6C55BBFA8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5819701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819701/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" startId="10.[151,250,1221,1245]" targetBox="[220,1363,379,1172]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B22662643686FB6C55BBFA8A" blockId="10.[151,1437,1221,1282]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643686FB6C576CFB56" bold="true" box="[151,269,1221,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643564FB6C522CFB56" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[885,1101,1221,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643564FB6C522CFB56" box="[885,1101,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Ischnura praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643265FB6C52E0FB56" bold="true" box="[1140,1153,1221,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">a</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626432B7FB6C52D5FB56" bold="true" box="[1190,1204,1221,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">b</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626432D8FB6F5343FB56" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1225,1314,1222,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626432D8FB6F5343FB56" box="[1225,1314,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626436A8FB4056A5FA8A" bold="true" box="[185,196,1257,1281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">c</emphasis>
; ♀ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626436FAFB405698FA8A" bold="true" box="[235,249,1257,1281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">d</emphasis>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264371FFB435709FA8A" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[270,360,1257,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264371FFB435709FA8A" box="[270,360,1257,1281]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from India (♂ 
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643413FB40546CFA8A" bold="true" box="[514,525,1257,1281]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">e</emphasis>
; ♀ f,), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643492FB435489FA8A" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[643,744,1258,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643492FB435489FA8A" box="[643,744,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from China (♂ g; ♀ h).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B226626436D6FA865248FA76" blockId="10.[151,1437,1327,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
Genetic distances were congruent with the obtained phylogenetic results and generally high between the species included in the analysis (
<tableCitation id="C6DE034FB226626437A9FAFA5473FAE6" box="[440,530,1363,1389]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,239,703,729]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean evolutionary divergence (uncorrected p-distance) between the Ischnura species included in this study, estimated from nuclear (ITS, above) and mitochondrial (COI, below) DNA sequence data. Genetic distances are given as percentages." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF23667CB22762653686FD1655BBFD76" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="DF23667CB22762653686FD1655BBFD76">Table 2</tableCitation>
). For the mtDNA, genetic distances between 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643230FAFD52DEFAE6" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1057,1215,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643230FAFD52DEFAE6" box="[1057,1215,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the rest of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643686FADE5734FA1A" box="[151,341,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643686FADE569AFA1A" box="[151,251,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Ischnura</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
ranged between 11.23% for the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626434C0FAD1550EFA1A" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[721,879,1400,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626434C0FAD1550EFA1A" box="[721,879,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643566FAD1558AFA1A" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[887,1003,1400,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643566FAD1558AFA1A" box="[887,1003,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pair and 16.67% for 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626432F7FAD153E5FA1A" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[1254,1412,1400,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626432F7FAD153E5FA1A" box="[1254,1412,1400,1425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264339DFAD157FEFA3D" authority="(Selys, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Selys" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramburii">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264339DFAD1569AFA3E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. ramburii</emphasis>
(Selys, 1850)
</taxonomicName>
. For the nDNA genetic distances were lower than for mtDNA. Genetic distances for the ITS marker between 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643797FA695443FA52" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[390,546,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643797FA695443FA52" box="[390,546,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264348DFA165538FA52" box="[668,857,1471,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264348DFA165561FA52" box="[668,768,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Ischnura</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
included in the study ranged from 2.58% for the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264339DFA69577AFA76" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264339DFA69577AFA76" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643732FA4D5717FA76" baseAuthorityName="Asahina" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[291,374,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ezoin">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643732FA4D5717FA76" box="[291,374,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. ezoin</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pair to 8.58% for 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643452FA4D54BFFA76" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[579,734,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643452FA4D54BFFA76" box="[579,734,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626434F7FA4D55EDFA76" baseAuthorityName="Rambur" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[742,908,1507,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626434F7FA4D55EDFA76" box="[742,908,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. senegalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<tableCitation id="C6DE034FB226626435D7FA4A527AFA76" box="[966,1051,1507,1533]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,239,703,729]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean evolutionary divergence (uncorrected p-distance) between the Ischnura species included in this study, estimated from nuclear (ITS, above) and mitochondrial (COI, below) DNA sequence data. Genetic distances are given as percentages." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF23667CB22762653686FD1655BBFD76" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="DF23667CB22762653686FD1655BBFD76">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B226626436D6F9AE540BF905" blockId="10.[151,1437,1327,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
Despite their apparent morphological similarities, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626434EEF9A15504F9AA" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[767,869,1544,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626434EEF9A15504F9AA" box="[767,869,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264358CF9A1525BF9AA" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[925,1082,1544,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264358CF9A1525BF9AA" box="[925,1082,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fall within two distinct genetic clades. Even if we were not able to include 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B2266264346EF9855483F9CE" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[639,738,1579,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B2266264346EF9855483F9CE" box="[639,738,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genetic analyses carried out for the present study, given the high morphological similarity of this species with 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626434EBF9F9553EF9E2" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[762,863,1616,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626434EBF9F9553EF9E2" box="[762,863,1616,1641]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we would expect 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643225F9F952F8F9E2" baseAuthorityName="Sleys" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1076,1177,1615,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubilio">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643225F9F952F8F9E2" box="[1076,1177,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. rubilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be more genetically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643718F9DD570CF906" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[265,365,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643718F9DD570CF906" box="[265,365,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626437D9F9DD5402F906" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[456,611,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626437D9F9DD5402F906" box="[456,611,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336F4B226626436D6F93E53E2F87E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1327,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626436D6F93E54CAF93A" bold="true" box="[199,683,1687,1713]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Ecological and behavioural observations</emphasis>
. The Lijiang 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643558F9315584F93A" authorityName="Sanmartín-Villar &amp; Lorenzo-Carballa &amp; Zhang &amp; Cordero-Rivera" authorityYear="2022" box="[841,997,1688,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praematura">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643558F9315584F93A" box="[841,997,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. praematura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
population showed high density and a balanced sex ratio (167 mature males and 170 mature females captured in 10 minutes by one person). Only 
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB22662643374F9125760F972" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" type="immature">three immature</specimenCount>
males and 
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD7DB22662643795F9765445F972" box="[388,548,1759,1785]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" type="immature">four immature</specimenCount>
females were observed during mark and recapture. Mature males (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22662643309F97653F5F972" box="[1304,1428,1759,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,194,1032]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[150,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ischnura praematura mature male (a) and female (b) as seen in the field, nearby Lijiang city.Note the pruinescence in the abdomen and legs of the mature female and the wing hardness in comparison with the females of the following pictures. Tandem (c) and mating (d) observed in the field between a mature male and a teneral female. All photos by I. Sanmartín- Villar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819705/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Figure 10a</figureCitation>
) were observed in tandem with both mature and teneral females (see a tandem with teneral female in 
<figureCitation id="13672A71B22662643302F8AA53EEF896" box="[1299,1423,1795,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,194,1032]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[150,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ischnura praematura mature male (a) and female (b) as seen in the field, nearby Lijiang city.Note the pruinescence in the abdomen and legs of the mature female and the wing hardness in comparison with the females of the following pictures. Tandem (c) and mating (d) observed in the field between a mature male and a teneral female. All photos by I. Sanmartín- Villar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819705/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Figure 10c</figureCitation>
). While in tandem, males tried to pull females from the substrate with their legs. Mature females in tandem rejected the male mating attempts shaking all body parts and keeping their abdomen in a straight position without touching the male’s secondary genitalia (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B05B2266264340CF8C65507F802" author="Robertson, H. M. &amp; Tennessen, K. J." box="[541,870,1903,1930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" pagination="591 - 595" refId="ref6719" refString="Robertson, H. M. &amp; Tennessen, K. J. (1984) Precopulatory genital contact in some Zygoptera. Odonatologica, 13, 591 - 595." type="journal article" year="1984">Robertson &amp; Tennessen 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Despite the high density of the population, we did not record any mating involving mature females, but we detected two matings involving mature males and teneral females (
<figureCitation id="13672A71B226626436EBF81E5716F859" box="[250,375,1975,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1079,1103]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,194,1032]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[150,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ischnura praematura mature male (a) and female (b) as seen in the field, nearby Lijiang city.Note the pruinescence in the abdomen and legs of the mature female and the wing hardness in comparison with the females of the following pictures. Tandem (c) and mating (d) observed in the field between a mature male and a teneral female. All photos by I. Sanmartín- Villar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5819705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5819705/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">Figure 10d</figureCitation>
). To our knowledge, mating by teneral females has only been reported in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B22662643280F8115292F85A" authorityName="ACR" authorityYear="2338" box="[1169,1267,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B22662643280F8115292F85A" box="[1169,1267,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Oceanian populations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B05B22662643736F87257CBF87E" author="Rowe, R. J." box="[295,426,2011,2037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" pagination="375 - 383" refId="ref6795" refString="Rowe, R. J. (1978) Ischnura aurora (Brauer), a dragonfly with unusual mating behaviour (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae). Odonatologica, 7, 375 - 383." type="journal article" year="1978">Rowe 1978</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B05B226626437A4F8725791F87E" author="Rowe, R. J." box="[437,496,2011,2037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" pagination="189 - 192" refId="ref6830" refString="Rowe, R. J. (2010) Ischnura aurora (Brauer 1865) (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae), an Australo-Pacific species. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 37, 189 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.2010.488789" type="journal article" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
), while this behaviour is not present in Indian 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D77B226626435E1F875531EF87E" authority="(Srivastava &amp; Babu 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Srivastava &amp; Babu" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1008,1407,2011,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Ischnura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurora">
<emphasis id="B928EAE6B226626435E1F8755232F87E" box="[1008,1107,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="69">I. aurora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B05B22662643270F8725316F87E" author="Srivastava, B. K. &amp; Babu, B. S." box="[1121,1399,2011,2037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="69" pagination="24" refId="ref7156" refString="Srivastava, B. K. &amp; Babu, B. S. (1984) Some observations on oviposition of Ischnura aurora (Brauer) in Indian biotope (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae). Fraseria, 7, 24." type="journal article" year="1984">Srivastava &amp; Babu 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>