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<document id="4E7A93F07343E22EC609418D0E8EE35A" ID-CLB-Dataset="2926" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cc0592d1-cf60-451e-9a38-798c281a103b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5785366" ID-ZooBank="53BD391E-A8F5-4B3D-8151-1DD814FDCEFA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1639641295153" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Tran, Ngat Thi, Bui, Dien Trong &amp; Ljubomirov, Toshko" docDate="2021" docId="03F37C76BA5AFFE207C5FCD02724FB3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5082.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5082 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="166" masterDocId="FFCA040EBA5EFFE50752FF92261BFF9E" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the genus Pararrhynchium de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae Eumeninae), with description of two new species from Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="168" masterPageNumber="159" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1699472663607" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="D31716A2B2740670CABB8C5D5F2F8CD0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="43C0A6AA32F2C9F03A41C0A6C665CC30">
<mods:title id="E8F34D6EF1FC40355402C2DF3313F318">Contribution to the genus Pararrhynchium de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae Eumeninae), with description of two new species from Vietnam</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8DD3D586A8DCBF698A070F5C6499279D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B4DF57A2EE8FE143775645D08DCF0EA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="B09DB63A3CB57B49FEAD811FAAE47B1C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="57BDF65C3021D555FF55B57BD59CADC0">Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA68154A5590987C5FD5D40D1FA0D7E8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3527-9577</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="74CC93AA93704BD188C26098FED263B4">Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3527 - 9577 &amp; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7057 - 4638</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F91B706CC9AAB7A3CBF67AD723CEFAC0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="718CB6C090D8331D9EE01A96A71863E2">
<mods:roleTerm id="A90F13BA1A79B38500CA62B1D59E17D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BFCB217313DE6F66E0317C7F8988DBBD">Tran, Ngat Thi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4E9036C916040B6FD49D6261E87EC7F0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3527-9577</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="02D694179C8C91D90C925D6994E2E06B">Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3527 - 9577</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AAFBB680B67BE889E17EBF5BDBA8CBD5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="20CC74A4A38915551DC68F7D2CBF4515">
<mods:roleTerm id="7E8C48D55911631CA35675F2383E9AC2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9116D63879F8658CCB582E975EC8EEF3">Bui, Dien Trong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="87BE4750A51DECD589E7319FBFDCF141">Bee Research Centre, National Institute of Animal Sciences, 9 Tan Phong, Thuy Phuong, Bac Tư Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="79069DEA1E1C359E1AF20D6E14F57C05" type="personal">
<mods:role id="71626D6ABC8304F5BFA5225AB4BED513">
<mods:roleTerm id="6791C1EEBDBDEB20DE020E628DC55185">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A04A27C08E559B72A67F1C08A458C35F">Ljubomirov, Toshko</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C13AE014DF51229D3DDB74CBA38A670C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3202-3309</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="11A4511264C7C8154B81ACFD5D85FE11">Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1, Tzar Osvoboditel Boulevard. Sofia, 1000. Bulgaria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3202 - 3309</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2D13A8926AF0928AB7247BEAABAB6369">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="93F2DA2C0C01D1AE25BCC066F6F2E02E">
<mods:title id="1CA7195E0A57084A19F962CE2C61CACA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="82B7CCA6A4B2C5FAC1F849623BDBE8EF">
<mods:date id="F86E3F60247EBDC11A7CDA25233909A4">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="00C7C691CC35C0DC30473E2373E60B39" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5C09AD45A40BD704BED0CC48D2DB33B2">2021-12-16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2BA29B6C90BC8E010440954DF4F38C38" type="volume">
<mods:number id="71DF69D45BF405CB3994530E664CAD56">5082</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C82B327BA26AE93A1726666B18A8172E">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FFCC652239A91CA88D84A07DD7E641E1">159</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="13BA3FCC3BFEC259CB1560B25B1BE91D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DBBE7084C9FFFA01C52AFA73DDC1F96A" type="CLB-Dataset">2926</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AA25931364186F27C5513AF895446AC7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AC0C146461B5009E9EDE76664E7D70F8" type="GBIF-Dataset">cc0592d1-cf60-451e-9a38-798c281a103b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="202E44744AA39C2A4855E00EAD97EF64" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F756D39114D2A28062EC974910306DC7" type="Zenodo-Dep">5785366</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F37C76BA5AFFE207C5FCD02724FB3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785358" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191651890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5785358" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F37C76BA5AFFE207C5FCD02724FB3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F37C76BA5AFFE207C5FCD02724FB3F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA5AFFE107C5FCD0257AFCC3" box="[151,865,834,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE107C5FCD0257AFCC3" blockId="4.[151,865,834,861]" box="[151,865,834,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<heading id="D0AD7A0CBA5AFFE107C5FCD0257AFCC3" bold="true" box="[151,865,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE107C5FCD0257AFCC3" bold="true" box="[151,865,834,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA5AFFE107C5FCD024ECFCC2" authority="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,759,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE107C5FCD027CAFCC3" bold="true" box="[151,465,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Pararrhynchium sparsum</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DAC09BA5AFFE10456FCD1257AFCC3" box="[772,865,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA5AFFE107C5FC1824A8FBC7" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE107C5FC1824A8FBC7" blockId="4.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE107C5FC182709FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,274,906,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species can be distinguished from all other known species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA5AFFE1033AFC192339FC3B" authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" box="[1128,1314,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE1033AFC192339FC3B" box="[1128,1314,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Pararrhynchium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: clypeus with flattened part well defined, in frontal view almost as high as wide, with sparse punctures, borders between punctures smooth, shining, and with micropunctures; propodeum with the carina produces to blunt tubercles behind metanotum and at lower lateral corner; T1 with distinct basal transverse carina; T2 almost as long as wide in dorsal view; and S2 strongly depressed at base, in lateral view almost straight from base to half, then straight to apical margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA5AFFE10795FBF02583FB77" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE10795FBF02748FB5B" blockId="4.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE10795FBF027A8FBE2" bold="true" box="[199,435,1122,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B32C73DBA5AFFE106EEFBF12748FB5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3418908301" collectingDate="2019-05-16" collectionCode="IEBR" collectorName="LTP Nguyen &amp; CQ Nguyen" country="Vietnam" county="Cao Duong" elevation="643" latitude="22.29236" location="Ham Yen" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="104.991104" municipality="Yen Thuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuyen Quang" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E173C2BA5AFFE106EEFBF1243CFBE3" box="[444,551,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<collectingCountry id="F34D8DF0BA5AFFE105C3FBF124EFFBE3" box="[657,756,1123,1149]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="26AFA8B6BA5AFFE10453FBF125B4FBE3" box="[769,943,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Cham Chu NR</collectorName>
,
<collectingCounty id="6284B5ECBA5AFFE104EEFBF12259FBE3" box="[956,1090,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Cao Duong</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81571ABA5AFFE1031CFBF122D6FBE3" box="[1102,1229,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Yen Thuan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E859BBBBA5AFFE10389FBF12352FBE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F37C76BA5AFFE207C5FCD02724FB3F:8E859BBBBA5AFFE10389FBF12352FBE3" box="[1243,1353,1123,1149]" country="Vietnam" county="Cao Duong" latitude="22.29236" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="104.991104" municipality="Yen Thuan" name="Ham Yen" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Tuyen Quang">Ham Yen</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="499E0382BA5AFFE10204FBF126FFFB3F" country="Vietnam" name="Tuyen Quang" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Tuyen Quang</collectingRegion>
, way to waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EABA7BA5AFFE106E5FB142443FB3F" box="[439,600,1158,1185]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" precision="1" seconds="32.5" value="22.29236">22°17’32.5”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EABA7BA5AFFE10536FB1424E1FB3F" box="[612,762,1158,1185]" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" precision="15" seconds="28" value="104.991104">104°59’28”E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="4CA26085BA5AFFE10460FB152567FB3F" box="[818,892,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.43" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="643.0">
<elevation id="00772A53BA5AFFE10460FB152567FB3F" box="[818,892,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.43" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="643.0">643 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE4EBA0BA5AFFE104DAFB152239FB3F" box="[904,1058,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" value="2019-05-16">
<collectingDate id="EFA01248BA5AFFE104DAFB152239FB3F" box="[904,1058,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" value="2019-05-16">16 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, LTP
<collectorName id="26AFA8B6BA5AFFE10336FB1522A6FB3F" box="[1124,1213,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Nguyen</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFA8B6BA5AFFE103B0FB152377FB3F" box="[1250,1388,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">CQ Nguyen</collectorName>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED4B55A5BA5AFFE1065EFB392754FB5B" box="[268,335,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">IEBR</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE10795FB5D2583FB77" blockId="4.[151,1437,906,2013]" box="[199,920,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<materialsCitation id="3B32C73DBA5AFFE10795FB5D258FFB77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3418908307" box="[199,916,1231,1257]" collectingDate="2019-05-16" collectionCode="IEBR" collectorName="LTP Nguyen &amp; CQ Nguyen" country="Vietnam" county="Cao Duong" elevation="643" latitude="22.29236" location="Ham Yen" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="104.991104" municipality="Yen Thuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Tuyen Quang" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E173C2BA5AFFE10795FB5D2723FB77" box="[199,312,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5C06E9BA5AFFE10611FB5D27A9FB77" box="[323,434,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED4B55A5BA5AFFE10403FB5D258FFB77" box="[849,916,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">IEBR</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA5AFFE20795FB602793FD37" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE10795FB6027A3FAAF" blockId="4.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5AFFE10795FB6027A3FA93" bold="true" box="[199,440,1266,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Description. Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE1069AFB612401FA93" box="[456,538,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 18-20" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1568,1592]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,183,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1436,181,1544]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18-20. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 18. Metasoma, dorsal view. 19. Metasoma, lateral view. 20. Habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785375/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Body length
<quantity id="4CA26085BA5AFFE10597FB602572FA93" box="[709,873,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.3199999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="13.35" valueMax="13.5" valueMin="13.2">13.2–13.5 mm</quantity>
(
<typeStatus id="54E173C2BA5AFFE1042AFB6125FBFA93" box="[888,992,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<quantity id="4CA26085BA5AFFE104B9FB60224FFA93" box="[1003,1108,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="13.5">13.5 mm</quantity>
); fore wing length 12.8–13.0 mm (
<typeStatus id="54E173C2BA5AFFE10780FA852721FAAF" box="[210,314,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: 13.0 mm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5AFFE30795FAA9244EF8AA" blockId="4.[151,1437,906,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,1674,2025]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">
Head in frontal view subcircular, slightly wider than high (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE1040EFAA925ABFACB" box="[860,944,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Vertex with cephalic foveae situated close to each other, distance between them about one-fourth distance between posterior ocelli (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE103C2FACD22FEFAE7" box="[1168,1253,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Distance from posterior ocelli to apical margin of vertex 2 times distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE103A8FA112356FA03" box="[1274,1357,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Gena almost as wide as eye; occipital carina complete, present along entire length of the gena, somewhat weak at dorsal part. Inner eye margins convergent ventrally; in frontal view nearly 1.25 times further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus with flattened part well defined, in frontal view almost as high as wide (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE10397FA7D230DF997" box="[1221,1302,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), with basal margin strongly convex medially and distinctly separated from antennal sockets; apical margin emarginate medially forming a blunt tooth on each side, width of the truncation slightly greater than 1/3 width of clypeus between inner eye margin. Mandible with four prominent teeth. Antennal scape about 3.8 times as long as its maximum width, slightly curved; F1 about 1.7 times longer than wide, F2 and 3 slightly longer than wide, F4 as long as wide, F5– 9 wider than long, terminal flagellomere bullet-shaped, as long as its basal width (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE1037CF9312298F923" box="[1070,1155,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE106D8F95527C4F97F" box="[394,479,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Pronotal carina strongly raised, reaching ventral corner of pronotum. Mesoscutum weakly convex, 1.1 times as long as wide between tegulae, with medial longitudinal smooth and shiny area running from apical margin to half length of the mesoscutum, with two depressed furrows running from apical margin to one-fourth length of the mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE1056CF8A1248BF8D3" box="[574,656,1842,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Disc of scutellum slightly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE10660F8C5279DF8EC" box="[306,390,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Metanotum weakly convex. Propodeum (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE1043BF8C525A1F8EF" box="[873,954,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) with propodeal dorsum forming shelf like area behind metanotum, with horizontal area slightly shorter than the length of metanotum, concavity margined by a crest, posterior surface clearly separated from dorsal side by an upper sharp and well-developed carina, the carina produces to blunt tubercles behind metanotum and at lower lateral corner (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE10485F8512231F843" box="[983,1066,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13–17. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Metasomal segment 1 (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA5AFFE10211F851238FF843" box="[1347,1428,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 18-20" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1568,1592]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,183,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1436,181,1544]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18-20. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 18. Metasoma, dorsal view. 19. Metasoma, lateral view. 20. Habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785375/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="163">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) clearly narrower than segment 2, about 0.9 times as wide as the width of segment 2, truncate at base, anterior vertical surface convex, with dense coarse punctures, clearly separable from posterior horizontal part, with completed carina. T
<quantity id="4CA26085BA58FFE307ADF940273CF972" box="[255,295,1746,1772]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="6" pageNumber="165" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
dorsal view about 1.58 times as wide as long; T2 almost as long as wide in dorsal view; S2 strongly depressed at base, in lateral view almost straight from base to half, then straight to apical margin (
<figureCitation id="1361D1E5BA58FFE303B7F9642323F88E" box="[1253,1336,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURES 18-20" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1568,1592]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,183,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1436,181,1544]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 18-20. Pararrhynchium sparsum Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov, sp. nov., holotype, female. 18. Metasoma, dorsal view. 19. Metasoma, lateral view. 20. Habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); T1 and T2 with a narrow smooth band apically.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF259DE8BA5BFFE007C5F8CF2395F806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785372" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5785372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785372/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" startId="5.[151,264,1885,1909]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1860]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA5BFFE007C5F8CF2395F806" blockId="5.[151,1437,1885,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5BFFE007C5F8CF274DF8EB" bold="true" box="[151,342,1885,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">FIGURES 13–17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA5BFFE0060CF8CF2540F8EB" authority="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityYear="2021" box="[350,859,1885,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5BFFE0060CF8CF247EF8EB" box="[350,613,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">Pararrhynchium sparsum</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA5BFFE00438F8CF25D8F8EB" bold="true" box="[874,963,1885,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DAC09BA5BFFE00438F8CF25A5F8EB" box="[874,958,1885,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="164" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
holotype, female. 13. Head, frontal view. 14. Head, dorsal view. 15. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Mesosoma, lateral view. 17. Propodeum, posterior view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF259DE8BA58FFE307C5F9B224A6F9C5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5785375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5785375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5785375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="165" startId="6.[151,264,1568,1592]" targetBox="[151,1431,183,1544]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA58FFE307C5F9B224A6F9C5" blockId="6.[151,1437,1568,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA58FFE307C5F9B22754F9A6" bold="true" box="[151,335,1568,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">FIGURES 18-20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA58FFE30607F9B2255CF9A6" authority="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityYear="2021" box="[341,839,1568,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA58FFE30607F9B22442F9A6" box="[341,601,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">Pararrhynchium sparsum</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA58FFE30403F9B225BCF9A6" bold="true" box="[849,935,1568,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DAC09BA58FFE30403F9B225B8F9A6" box="[849,931,1568,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="165" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
holotype, female. 18. Metasoma, dorsal view. 19. Metasoma, lateral view. 20. Habitus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA58FFE30795F8AC24E0F8C6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1674,2025]" box="[199,763,1854,1880]" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">Vestiture. Body covered with medium silver hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA58FFE20795F8F0277AFDA3" blockId="6.[151,1437,1674,2025]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="6" pageNumber="165">Sculpture. Clypeus with sparse punctures, each puncture bearing a very short bristle, border between punctures smooth, shining, and with micropunctures. Frons densely covered with very coarse punctures, border between punctures raised to form reticulations. Vertex with punctures similar to those on frons; gena with strong punctures, border between punctures smooth and much larger than those on vertex. Pronotum with punctures similar to those on vertex. Mesoscutum densely and coarsely covered with flat-bottom punctures, border between punctures raised to form reticulations; punctures on scutellum dense, smaller than those on mesoscutum, punctures on metanotum weaker than those on scutellum; scutellum with distinct median furrow. Mesepisternum with flat-bottomed punctures, punctures coarser than those on pronotum posterodorsally, small and sparse punctured and with a large smooth area anteroventrally; border between posterodorsal and anteroventral parts distinct, with epicnemial carina. Dorsal metapleuron with several strong striae, ventral metapleuron with sparse and shallow punctures, and several short striae. Propodeum with very coarse punctures and a smooth area on dorsal part, with dense and strong punctures, border between punctures sometimes weakly raised to form reticulation at lateral parts; posterior surface dull, rugose, with small shallow punctures at sides. T1 covered with strong punctures, border between punctures with minute punctures and sometimes larger than puncture diameter; punctures on T2 smaller and sparser than those on T1; T3 and T4 with weaker and smaller punctures; T5 and T6 with minute punctures. Tegula shiny, with sparse minute punctures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FDD527F9FD1B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Colour. Body almost black except two small orange- yellowish spots above between antennae. Wing strongly infuscated, veins dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FD1D2793FD37" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" box="[199,392,655,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20795FD1D2710FD37" bold="true" box="[199,267,655,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA59FFE20795FD20240DFD53" box="[199,534,690,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FD20240DFD53" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" box="[199,534,690,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20795FD20277AFD52" bold="true" box="[199,353,690,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Distribution.</emphasis>
North
<collectingCountry id="F34D8DF0BA59FFE206FDFD212409FD53" box="[431,530,691,717]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA59FFE20795FD452788FC8B" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FD452788FC8B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20795FD452755FD6F" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is taken from the Latin
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE2041BFD452584FD6E" box="[841,927,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">sparsus</emphasis>
(= sparse), indicating the sparsely punctured clypeus of this species
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3409EEBBA59FFE20795FC8D2724FB3F" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FC8D240CFB8F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20795FC8D2720FCA7" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE20616FC8D256EFCA7" authority="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityYear="2021" box="[324,885,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20616FC8D247EFCA6" box="[324,613,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Pararrhynchium sparsum</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE204D3FC8D25C7FCA7" bold="true" box="[897,988,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DAC09BA59FFE204D3FC8D25C7FCA7" box="[897,988,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is close to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE20333FC8D26D4FCC3" authority="Tano &amp; Yamane, 1983" authorityName="Tano &amp; Sk. Yamane" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsunekii">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20333FC8D22CEFCA7" box="[1121,1237,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. tsunekii</emphasis>
Tano &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBB091BA59FFE20269FC8D26D4FCC3" author="Yamane, Sk. &amp; Tano, T." pageId="7" pageNumber="166" pagination="119 - 132" refId="ref7475" refString="Yamane, Sk. &amp; Tano, T. (1983) Studies on the genus Anterhynchium and its related genera of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae). Memoirs of Kagoshima University Research Center for the South Pacific, 4, 119 - 132." type="journal article" year="1983">
Yamane,
<quantity id="4CA26085BA59FFE207C5FCD126D4FCC3" box="[151,207,835,861]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.03682" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" unit="in" value="1983.0">1983</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having the female clypeus with the flattened part well defined, with sparse fine punctures; scutellum with distinct median furrow; T1 with a distinct basal transverse carina; and the apical margin of T3 not lamellate. It can be differentiated from the later by the following characters: clypeus as long as wide (versus clypeus longer than wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE207AAFC3D2776FC57" authorityName="Tano &amp; Sk. Yamane" authorityYear="1983" box="[248,365,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsunekii">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE207AAFC3D2776FC57" box="[248,365,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. tsunekii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); propodeum with superior carinae apically forming a pair of blunt teeth behind metanotum (versus propodeum with superior carinae apically forming a pair of relatively sharp teeth behind metanotum in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE202DAFC4126F5FB8F" authorityName="Tano &amp; Sk. Yamane" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsunekii">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE202DAFC4126F5FB8F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. tsunekii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and by the color pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5CD60BA59FFE20795FB892724FB3F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE20795FB8924EAFBAB" authority="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,753,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparsum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20795FB8927FCFBAA" box="[199,487,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">Pararrhynchium sparsum</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Ljubomirov
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE205AEFB89254EFBAB" bold="true" box="[764,853,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DAC09BA59FFE205AEFB89254EFBAB" box="[764,853,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is also close to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE20354FB892338FBAB" authority="(Smith, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1030,1315,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Rynchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatum">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE20354FB89229AFBAA" box="[1030,1153,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. ornatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBB091BA59FFE203DDFB892301FBAB" author="Smith, F." box="[1167,1306,1050,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" pagination="33 - 48" refId="ref7353" refString="Smith, F. (1852) Descriptions of some new and apparently undescribed species of hymenopterous insects from North China, collected by Robert Fortune. Transactions of Entomological Society of London, 2 (2), 33 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1852. tb 02208. x" type="journal article" year="1852">Smith, 1852</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
but can be differentiated from the later by the following characters: clypeus as long as wide (versus clypeus longer than wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE207E7FBF1272AFBE2" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[181,305,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Rynchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatum">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE207E7FBF1272AFBE2" box="[181,305,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. ornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and apical margin of T3 not lamellate (versus apical margin of T3 lamellate, slightly bent upward in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AB6E3BA59FFE207E6FB152735FB3E" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[180,302,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Rynchium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatum">
<emphasis id="B92E1172BA59FFE207E6FB152735FB3E" box="[180,302,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="166">P. ornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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