510 lines
67 KiB
XML
510 lines
67 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2AE3E6E3AECE2B10469BA6230D8EC0ED">First record of the genus Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in Hong Kong, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB1A643D859F0AAA011AF85B829D7201">Hamer, Matthew T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E5B885FDF0CE97DB0A94CE4A9BF202A">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F4BEFAF5456DF734CBBC8A7F17B9CCAD" type="email">matt.hamer@hotmail.co.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="56BBEF49E4A9B94290A9DF1F706D7671">Lee, Roger H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F807C170763EE12DD9669BACF934F154">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China. & Science Unit, Lingnan University, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong SAR, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C8ACD7D2F07F9E147A64B11E68EC5F85" type="email">rogerlh86@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="ADB37C87FC6B25DA6B4A658509A0CCAA">Guénard, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A061CED3C2C25F80E3759916D7BEA8EB">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E5DDBFB6DB73BC20F0C4C383A964BF7B">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="40193812765F44F0ABA86289244B299C">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E99E54262DB83DFE6AD046007BA779" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8158713" ID-GBIF-Taxon="211662905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8158713" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0FD13BA5-2E10-4CF1-A1EC-CC6E12311736" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E99E54262DB83DFE6AD046007BA779" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4054C1262DB836FE6AD04606D0A65D" authority="Hamer & Guenard" authorityName="Hamer & Guenard" authorityYear="2023" box="[495,995,819,846]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FE6AD0460632A65D" bold="true" box="[495,769,819,846]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
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Hamer & Guénard
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B262DB836FC6FD0410177A65D" box="[1002,1092,820,846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<date id="FFFE0982262DB836FBCFD02201F4A661" box="[1098,1223,855,882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" value="1736-12-31">12311736</date>
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FD5DD00F066FA686" blockId="3.[365,1223,819,917]" box="[728,860,890,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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<figureCitation id="137B33C7262DB836FD5DD00F0673A687" box="[728,832,890,916]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="6.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[393,1194,266,1923]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,992,1887]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@5.[393,1194,266,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure-213@6.[189,1398,992,1887]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Temnothorax barrettoi Hamer & Guénard sp. nov., holotype (ANTWEB1010973). A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Full face view." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Temnothorax barrettoi Hamer & Guénard sp. nov., holotype (ANTWEB1010973), morphological characters. A. Petiole and postpetiole in lateral view. B. Petiole and postpetiole in dorsal view. C. Mesosoma in dorsal view. D. First gastral tergite in dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155429" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155431" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8155429/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8155431/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137B33C7262DB836FCC8D00F066FA686" box="[845,860,890,917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[219,1391,1101,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-310@12.[189,1398,1067,1922]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 5. Distribution map of Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 records from Hong Kong. The darker the green areas, the greater the tree canopy cover." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35A7CC9262DB836FF38D0CE069FA17D" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D0CE0405A6C6" blockId="3.[189,310,955,981]" box="[189,310,955,981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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<heading id="D0B7982E262DB836FF38D0CE0405A6C6" bold="true" box="[189,310,955,981]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FF38D0CE0405A6C6" bold="true" box="[189,310,955,981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D09F069FA17D" blockId="3.[189,1398,1002,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Lateral head margin in full face view subparallel; clypeus with longitudinal carinae only in the anterior half; head dorsum with areolate-rugose sculpture; scapes of medium length, not reaching occipital head margin; promesonotum convex; mesosoma dorsal margin straight in lateral view; metanotal groove absent; head, mesosoma and gaster covered in erect, stout setae.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35A7CC9262DB836FF38D7E0061BA054" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D7E00477A1BC" blockId="3.[189,324,1173,1199]" box="[189,324,1173,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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<heading id="D0B7982E262DB836FF38D7E00477A1BC" bold="true" box="[189,324,1173,1199]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FF38D7E00477A1BC" bold="true" box="[189,324,1173,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D7B6061BA054" blockId="3.[189,1399,1219,1352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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The name ‛
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<taxonomicName id="4C4054C1262DB836FEC1D7B60498A1CE" authorityName="Hamer & Guenard" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,427,1219,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
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<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FEC1D7B60498A1CE" box="[324,427,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">barrettoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ is a masculine noun in the genitive case. Named after the stewards of Tai Po Kau Headland, the Barretto family, who have cared for the headland for several generations and kindly provided us sampling access to their property. Their determined ecological conservation efforts for the site and
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<collectingCountry id="F3576FD2262DB836FE9AD65B049AA05B" box="[287,425,1326,1352]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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in general are an example to all.
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<heading id="D0B7982E262DB836FF38D61B0499A09B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1390,1416]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FF38D61B0499A09B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1390,1416]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF6FD6E8078FA357" blockId="3.[189,1399,1437,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
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<materialsCitation id="3B28251F262DB836FF6FD6E8078FA357" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161170305" collectingDate="2022-08-19" collectingDateMax="2022-08-26" collectingDateMin="2022-08-19" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Matthew T. Hamer & Andre Ibanez" country="China" county="Tai Po Kau Headland" elevation="70" latitude="22.435" location="Hong Kong" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="114.1932" municipality="New Territories" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54FB91E0262DB836FF6FD6E8046FA0A4" box="[234,348,1437,1463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3576FD2262DB836FF38D6B5042BA0C9" box="[189,280,1472,1498]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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• worker;
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SAR,
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(Tai Po),
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;
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,
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;
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a.s.l.
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;
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;
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<collectorName id="26B54A94262DB836FC86D69606D5A0ED" box="[771,998,1507,1534]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Matthew T. Hamer</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26B54A94262DB836FBA7D69601F0A0EE" box="[1058,1219,1507,1533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">André Ibáñez</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; leaf litter collected in a line transect of 5 samples each 0.25 m² with silftrate extracted in a
|
||
<collectorName id="26B54A94262DB836FB0BD57201DEA332" box="[1166,1261,1543,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Winkler</collectorName>
|
||
for 7 days;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED51B787262DB836FF3AD55F05CBA357" box="[191,248,1578,1604]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
ANTWEB1010973 [TPK1T2W1-21].
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A7CC9262DB833FF38D51E07B2A618" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D51E047DA396" blockId="3.[189,334,1643,1669]" box="[189,334,1643,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<heading id="D0B7982E262DB836FF38D51E047DA396" bold="true" box="[189,334,1643,1669]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262DB836FF38D51E047DA396" bold="true" box="[189,334,1643,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB836FF38D5EF0032A3E9" blockId="3.[189,1398,1690,1787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262DB836FF38D5EF045DA3A1" baselines="1709,1709" box="[189,366,1690,1716]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB91E0262DB836FEFAD5EF04C2A3A7" box="[383,497,1690,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="119" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: CL 0.525; CW 0.486; CWb 0.440; SL 0.331; WL 0.641; SPST 0.271; PEL 0.28; PPL 0.137; PEH 0.18; PPH 0.17; PW 0.333; SPBA 0.187; SPTI 0.227; PEW 0.132; PPW 0.216; ATL 0.658; HS 0.483; SI 75.2; CI 83.8; SBI 42.5;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4984E1A0262DB836FC88D5950604A3E9" box="[781,823,1760,1786]" country="Philippines" name="Pasay" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">PSI</collectingRegion>
|
||
42.3; PWI 163.6; PLI 204.4; TL 2.241
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262DB831FF38D457045AA773" blockId="3.[188,1399,1826,1993]" lastBlockId="4.[188,1401,265,608]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262DB836FF38D45705CFA229" baselines="1845,1845" box="[189,252,1826,1852]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="3" pageNumber="119">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. In full face view, head longer than broad (CI 83.8), reaching maximum width just anterior to occipital corner curvature. Occipital corners rounded; occipital margin broadly convex. Lateral margins of head subparallel, diverging from anterior head margin in full face view. Clypeus widely inserted between antennal lobes; anterior margin strongly convex and angulate medially. In lateral view, clypeus projecting anteriorly forming a shelf above mandibles. In full face view, epistomal sulcus indistinct, slight cuticular impression only. Mandible broadly triangular; masticatory margin with five teeth; apical most tooth larger than preceding teeth. Frontal carina extending just posterior of frontal lobes; thin costae extends beyond forming dorsal scrobe margin feebly impressed anterior to occiput where they terminate. Frontal lobes present; projecting dorso-laterally and obscuring antennal condyle in full face view; anterior portion of frontal lobe broadly circular. Antenna with 12 segments terminating in an incrassate three-segmented club: apical segment longer and broader than following segments. Scape of medium length (SI 75.2), terminating before posterior corners of the head. Eye convex; located medially on head and extending laterally beyond the cephalic capsule. In lateral view, eyes composed of 7–8 ommatidia across the longest width. Scrobe present but feebly impressed. In dorsal view, occipital carina present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262AB831FF38D1FD010FA6CC" blockId="4.[188,1400,647,991]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262AB831FF38D1FD0409A7B3" baselines="667,667" box="[189,314,648,674]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Mesosoma in dorsal view widest at the anterior most portion of pronotum. In dorsal view, pronotum broadly convex anteriorly; humeri rounded. Mesosoma tapering posteriorly, reaching a minimum width at the anterior part to propodeum where is subsequently expands outwards but less than maximum pronotum width. Promesonotal suture absent dorsally but present laterally; metanotal groove absent. In lateral view, promesonotum convex, remaining mesosoma dorsal margin straight; anterior of propodeum with small protuberance; propodeal spiracle circular; propodeal lobe round; propodeal spines well-developed, longer than the distance between their bases (SPST 0.271; SBPA 0.187). In dorsal view, spines initially diverge postero-laterally and abruptly curving to become parallel apically, forming a ‘U’ shape. In lateral view, spines acute, thin and slightly downcurved, not beyond mesosoma lateral outline and acute. In lateral view, propodeal declivity subtly concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262AB831FF38D77306EFA1C3" blockId="4.[188,1399,1029,1234]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262AB831FF38D773040AA10D" baselines="1049,1049" box="[189,313,1030,1056]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. In lateral view, petiole longer than high; anterior face of petiole distinctly longer than posterior face; postpetiole short, its dorsal margin convex, with lateral carina. In dorsal view, postpetiole distinctly wider than long, widest in anterior third; at its widest point, postpetiole margins meeting at a subtlety obtuse angle; lateral margins converging posteriorly in dorsal view. Gaster wider than postpetiole anteriorly in dorsal view; first gastral tergite long, as long as mesosoma; anterolateral corners obtusely angled. Basigastral costulae present extending ¹/₆ of gaster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262AB831FF38D7820714A3ED" blockId="4.[188,1401,1271,1790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262AB831FF38D7820433A01C" baselines="1290,1290" box="[189,256,1271,1297]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Setae" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">SETAE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. In full face view, mandible dorsum with well-spaced sub-decumbent pilosity. Anterior clypeal margin with two long and tapering setae either side of clypeal median; several sub-erect setae present on anterior clypeal margin, directed towards clypeal median; clypeal dorsum with many erect and stout setae. Cephalic dorsum as well as occiput also with many stout and erect setae which arise from within areolae formed by the surface rugosities (see sculpturing); erect setae arise along frontal carina, roughly spaced roughly equidistant. Scapes and subsequent antennal segments with sub-decumbent to semi-erected pilosity only. In lateral view, ventral part of head with erect to semi-erect pilosity, noticeably different to stout-erect hairs on cephalic dorsum. Mesosoma, with long, erect setae arranged in series of transverse rows; base of propodeal spines also with a single pair of setae. Posterior face of petiole dorsum with a single pair of long erect setae, directed postero-dorsally. Postpetiole with erect setae of varying lengths, dorsally with short, erect setae and laterally with longer setae, in particular a pair of setae in dorsal view arising from area of maximum width of postpetiole. Numerous, short and appressed pubescence present on posterior post petiole surface. Gastral tergite with numerous erect stout setae arranged in loose rows; setae of varying lengths but are particularly long in posterior fifth. Setae on subsequent tergites not visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262AB833FF38D45006A3A7B5" blockId="4.[189,1400,1829,1996]" lastBlockId="6.[186,1401,265,679]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E262AB831FF38D450040BA22D" baselines="1848,1849" box="[189,312,1829,1855]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Sculpture" pageId="4" pageNumber="120">SCULPTURE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Mandibles smooth, other than setae insertions. Majority of clypeus dorsum smooth other than short, longitudinal carinae that begin at the clypeal anterior border. Dorsum of head from clypeus to posterior head corners areolate-rugose. Head laterally also with areolate-rugose sculpturing. Scrobe in lateral view punctate, noticeably different to the sculpture of head dorsum and surrounding lateral sculpture. Pronotum dorsum areolate-rugose, with rugosities subtly more embossed than on head dorsum. Remaining dorsal mesonotum and propodeum more indistinctly rugose, lacking dense areolae. The mesonotum with underlying punctae within areolae, which eventually merges into the punctuate propodeal declivity. The mesonotum with underlying punctae within areolae. Posterior mesonotum punctuation merges into the punctuate propodeal declivity. Lateral pronotum densely punctuate overlain with faint rugosities; mesopleuron also punctuate but with less dense and with larger punctae; the space between punctae distinctly larger. Metapleuron with more pronounced rugosities; punctuation faint. Ventral metapleuron and metapleural gland bulla with several distinct carinae. Propodeum laterally, dorsally, and posteriorly (= declivital surface) densely punctuate; punctae small. Petiole dorsally and laterally punctate.Postpetiole with punctae overlain by faint areolate-rugose sculpturing both dorsally and laterally. Anterior area of gaster with basigastral costulae extending ¹/₆ of the surface length. Remaining gaster comparatively smooth and shining, with faint micro-reticulations at high magnifications alongside setae punctation. Sculpture on subsequent tergites not visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F7FCA262BB830FF38D4DE07A1A2FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8155429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155429/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" startId="5.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[393,1194,266,1923]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F42262BB830FF38D4DE07A1A2FB" blockId="5.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262BB830FF38D4DE043DA2D6" bold="true" box="[189,270,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C1262BB830FE9DD4DE063FA2D6" authority="Hamer & Guenard" authorityName="Hamer & Guenard" authorityYear="2023" box="[280,780,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262BB830FE9DD4DE0711A2D6" box="[280,546,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
Hamer & Guénard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B262BB830FC93D4D90646A2D5" box="[790,885,1964,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (ANTWEB1010973).
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262BB830FB78D4DE0021A2D6" bold="true" box="[1277,1298,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262BB830FE86D4BB0424A2FB" bold="true" box="[259,279,1998,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F350262BB830FE45D4BB04E6A2FB" bold="true" box="[448,469,1998,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="121">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Full face view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422628B833FF38D1BB07B2A618" blockId="6.[189,1399,718,779]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D19B99E2628B833FF38D1BB042BA7F5" baselines="737,737" box="[189,280,718,744]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Colour" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">COLOUR</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Core body concolourous ochreous yellow, appendages conspicuously lighter yellow. Setae across whole of body yellowish white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A7CC92628B832FF38D0470036A29C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422628B833FF38D0470477A65F" blockId="6.[189,324,818,844]" box="[189,324,818,844]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<heading id="D0B7982E2628B833FF38D0470477A65F" bold="true" box="[189,324,818,844]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FF38D0470477A65F" bold="true" box="[189,324,818,844]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422628B832FF38D0140466A163" blockId="6.[189,1400,865,927]" lastBlockId="7.[188,1401,265,1136]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12628B833FF38D01404F5A668" authority="Hamer & Lee & Guénard, 2023" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,454,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FF38D01404F5A668" box="[189,454,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B2628B833FE4AD0140718A668" box="[463,555,865,891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
would key out to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12628B833FC82D01701ABA668" authority="Zhou et al., 2010" authorityName="Zhou" authorityYear="2010" box="[775,1176,865,891]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FC82D01706F0A668" box="[775,963,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32628B833FC4ED01401ABA668" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." box="[971,1176,865,891]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FB97D017017EA668" box="[1042,1101,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32628B833FB71D0140438A68D" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." pageId="6" pageNumber="122" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FAB9D017004BA668" box="[1340,1400,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and shares several morphological characters. Such characters include the presence of erect setae on the mesosomal dorsum; a pair of long slightly downcurved propodeal spines; humeri rounded in dorsal view; a short petiole peduncle and a petiole that is longer than high. However, a series of substantially and categorically differing morphological characters are present that delimit both species well even without access to
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB91E02629B832FD8ED206070DA49E" box="[523,574,371,397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FD4BD20606BBA49F" box="[718,904,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FD4BD20606BBA49F" box="[718,904,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Though our study has this limitation, we justify describing this specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3576FD22629B832FD01D2E30623A4A3" box="[644,784,406,432]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
as new to science due the considerable uniqueness of the qualitative characters below in comparison to it nearest morphological congeneric species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF42D2A804B0A4E5" box="[199,387,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF42D2A804B0A4E5" box="[199,387,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Such unique characters include the dorsal head sculpture, being distinctly areolate-rugose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FEB1D1750489A70A" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[308,442,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FEB1D1750489A70A" box="[308,442,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than densely punctate in
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FCBDD17506CFA70A" box="[824,1020,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FCBDD17506CBA70A" box="[824,1016,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">T. zhejiangensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Punctuae are entirely absent on the dorsal head sculpturing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDA7D1560795A72F" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[546,678,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDA7D1560795A72F" box="[546,678,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the areolate-rugose sculpturing is unique within Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF38D1330464A773" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[189,343,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF38D1330464A773" box="[189,343,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the head sculpturing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDF8D132060BA773" box="[637,824,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDF8D132060BA773" box="[637,824,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has “fine striations indistinct but present on frons” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FE93D11C04D2A790" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." box="[278,481,617,643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FEDAD11F04A8A790" box="[351,411,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), striations are entirely absent on the head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC7BD11F01B2A790" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[1022,1153,617,643]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC7BD11F01B2A790" box="[1022,1153,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the sculpture of the mesosoma dorsum also differs with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDE5D1F80629A7B5" box="[608,794,652,678]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDE5D1F80629A7B5" box="[608,794,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being “densely punctuate” whereas the sculpture in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF39D1C50473A7DA" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[188,320,687,713]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF39D1C50473A7DA" box="[188,320,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more complex, grading from areolate-rugose anteriorly to more rugose posteriorly, with a gradual increase in punctuation towards the propodeum but not only densely punctuate throughout like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF38D1820449A603" box="[189,378,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF38D1820449A603" box="[189,378,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the lateral head margins are subparallel in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC15D1820127A603" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[912,1044,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC15D1820127A603" box="[912,1044,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, converging anteriorly and at the occipital corners, whereas the head margins of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC9DD06F06E7A620" box="[792,980,793,819]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC9DD06F06E7A620" box="[792,980,793,819]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are weakly convex throughout; the scapes are shorter and distinctly fail to reach the occipital border in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC5CD048016EA645" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[985,1117,828,854]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC5CD048016EA645" box="[985,1117,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SL 0.331) but are long and reach the occipital border in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDC3D0150631A66A" box="[582,770,863,889]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDC3D0150631A66A" box="[582,770,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SL 0.39–0.48); in lateral view
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FB05D0150036A66A" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[1152,1285,863,889]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FB05D0150036A66A" box="[1152,1285,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a flat mesosoma dorsum rather than a convex mesosoma dorsum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC27D0F6016EA68F" box="[930,1117,898,924]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC27D0F6016EA68F" box="[930,1117,898,924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FBE8D0F70045A68F" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[1133,1398,898,924]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FBE8D0F70045A68F" box="[1133,1398,898,924]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may also be mistaken for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FE74D0D20655A6D3" authority="Zhou et al. (2010)" authorityName="Zhou" authorityYear="2010" box="[497,870,934,960]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FE74D0D207B1A6D3" box="[497,642,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FD0FD0D30655A6D3" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." box="[650,870,934,960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FD4AD0D20638A6D3" box="[719,779,934,960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, both species can be differentiated by the smaller size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FE43D0BF0778A6F0" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[454,587,969,995]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FE43D0BF0778A6F0" box="[454,587,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being less than half the size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC42D0BF016AA6F0" box="[967,1113,970,995]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC42D0BF016AA6F0" box="[967,1113,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FBEFD0BF0017A6F0" authority="WL" authorityName="WL" box="[1130,1316,969,995]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FBEFD0BF01DCA6F0" box="[1130,1263,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
WL
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
0.641;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF3BD09804BBA114" authority="WL" authorityName="WL" box="[190,392,1005,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF3BD0980461A115" box="[190,338,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
WL
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ML in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FE71D09907F1A115" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." box="[500,706,1004,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDB8D0980747A115" box="[573,628,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) 1.80–1.84), as well as the head dorsum sculpture being areolate-rugose rather than coarsely longitudinally rugose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC1FD7650119A13A" box="[922,1066,1040,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC1FD7650119A13A" box="[922,1066,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the lateral head margins are subparallel converging at occipital corners in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC07D7460139A15F" box="[898,1034,1074,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC07D7460139A15F" box="[898,1034,1074,1100]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but are convex throughout in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FF38D722047DA163" box="[189,334,1111,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FF38D722047DA163" box="[189,334,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3F7FCA2628B833FF38D4FD06FCA2FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8155431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8155431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8155431/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" startId="6.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,992,1887]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422628B833FF38D4FD06FCA2FB" blockId="6.[187,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FF38D4FD043AA2B1" bold="true" box="[189,265,1928,1954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12628B833FE8AD4FD07C2A2B1" authority="Hamer & Guenard" authorityName="Hamer & Guenard" authorityYear="2023" box="[271,753,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FE8AD4FD0726A2B1" box="[271,533,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
Hamer & Guénard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B2628B833FD73D4FD0662A2B1" box="[758,849,1928,1954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype (ANTWEB1010973), morphological characters.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FECFD4DE046CA2D6" bold="true" box="[330,351,1963,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Petiole and postpetiole in lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FCECD4DE064EA2D6" bold="true" box="[873,893,1963,1989]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Petiole and postpetiole in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FF38D4BB05E1A2FB" bold="true" box="[189,210,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesosoma in dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502628B833FD9FD4BB071CA2FB" bold="true" box="[538,559,1998,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="122">D</emphasis>
|
||
. First gastral tergite in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422629B832FF38D7ED0069A34B" blockId="7.[187,1399,1175,1624]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">
|
||
Here, we provide an exhaustive description and numerous high-resolution images of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FB16D7ED0025A1A2" authority="Hamer & Lee & Guénard, 2023" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[1171,1302,1175,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FB16D7ED0025A1A2" box="[1171,1302,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B2629B832FA98D7ED0044A1A1" box="[1309,1399,1176,1202]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
for workers on Southeast Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDC9D7CF07D5A1C7" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[588,742,1210,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDC9D7CF07D5A1C7" box="[588,742,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to consult in the future. We believe further differing characters are likely present between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FDFAD7AB0637A1EB" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[639,772,1246,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FDFAD7AB0637A1EB" box="[639,772,1246,1272]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FCC5D7AB06CEA1EB" box="[832,1021,1246,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejinagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FCC5D7AB06CEA1EB" box="[832,1021,1246,1272]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejinagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but due to rather limited image quality and non-exhaustive species descriptions within
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FCBAD674013DA008" author="Zhou S. & Huang J. & Yu D. & Liu Z." box="[831,1038,1281,1307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="7 - 26" refId="ref10425" refString="Zhou S., Huang J., Yu D. & Liu Z. 2010. Eight new species and three newly recorded species of the ant genus Temnothorax Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chinese mainland, with a key. Sociobiology 56 (1): 7 - 26." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Zhou
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FCFAD6770680A008" box="[895,947,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
we judged these characters too speculative to include our delimitation. These speculative differing characters are as follows; form of the clypeal carinae, presence or absence of standing hairs on the clypeus, presence or absence of basigastral costulae, differing lengths of the terminal funicular segments and the differing shape of the petiolar node. All speculative character should be checked against
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC95D6FB06ACA0B4" box="[784,927,1422,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC95D6FB06ACA0B4" box="[784,927,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as well. Species descriptions and images of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FED1D6C404DDA0D8" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[340,494,1457,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FED1D6C404DDA0D8" box="[340,494,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside of mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3576FD22629B832FD67D6C4061BA0D8" box="[738,808,1457,1483]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
were also reviewed but no species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FB59D6C40045A0D8" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[1244,1398,1457,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FB59D6C40045A0D8" box="[1244,1398,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembled this specimen in terms of morphological characters as did
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC6FD6A00148A0FD" box="[1002,1147,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC6FD6A00148A0FD" box="[1002,1147,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FB31D6A0005CA0FD" box="[1204,1391,1492,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FB31D6A0005CA0FD" box="[1204,1391,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the lack of additional material makes it impossible to examine any intraspecific variation, we believe that the characters (particularly the cephalic sculpture) here are fundamentally and categorically different enough to not show enough variation to overlap with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FC65D54B01A8A34B" box="[992,1179,1598,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FC65D54B01A8A34B" box="[992,1179,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. zhejiangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FB47D54B0060A344" box="[1218,1363,1598,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FB47D54B0060A344" box="[1218,1363,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">T. ruginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422629B832FF38D5F50036A29C" blockId="7.[188,1401,1663,1936]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">
|
||
It was initially thought that this specimen might be a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FCBAD50A015DA38A" authority="Bolton, 1991" authorityName="Bolton" authorityYear="1991" box="[831,1134,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Vombisidris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FCBAD50A06F9A38A" box="[831,970,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Vombisidris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FC54D50A015DA38A" author="Bolton B." box="[977,1134,1663,1689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref8419" refString="Bolton B. 1991. New myrmicine genera from the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 16: 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1991. tb 00571. x" type="journal article" year="1991">Bolton, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, due to the superficial resemblance with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FE1DD5D60781A3AF" authority="General, 2020" authorityName="General" authorityYear="2020" box="[408,690,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Vombisidris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FE1DD5D604CCA3AF" box="[408,511,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">V. freyae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32629B832FD83D5D70781A3AF" author="General D. E. M." box="[518,690,1698,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" pagination="32 - 35" refId="ref8938" refString="General D. E. M. 2020. Vombisidris freyae, a new nocturnal arboreal ant species from the Philippines (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Halteres 11: 32 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 4026486" type="journal article" year="2020">General, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species known from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3576FD22629B832FC7ED5D701B0A3AF" box="[1019,1155,1698,1724]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Closer examination showed an alternative dental array and the absence of a subocular groove. The high similarity (at least superficially) between this specimen and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FD26D59C063BA210" authorityName="General" authorityYear="2020" box="[675,776,1769,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Vombisidris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freyae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FD26D59C063BA210" box="[675,776,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">V. freyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
however are initially convincing. Both species share the same head shape, eye positioning and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB91E02629B832FD23D47907EAA235" box="[678,729,1804,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of sculpture (particularly on the head dorsum), as well as the numerous stout and erect setae across head, mesosoma and metasoma dorsum. Due to the absence of apomorphic characters encountered in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FD39D4270674A27F" authorityName="Bolton" authorityYear="1991" box="[700,839,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Vombisidris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FD39D4270674A27F" box="[700,839,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Vombisidris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as the peculiar dental composition and subocular groove, we resulted in the determination of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12629B832FCBDD40006E1A29C" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[824,978,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502629B832FCBDD40006E1A29C" box="[824,978,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="123">Temnothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for this specimen instead.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35A7CC92626B83DFF38D27C007BA779" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422626B83DFF38D27C044DA431" blockId="8.[189,382,264,291]" box="[189,382,264,291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<heading id="D0B7982E2626B83DFF38D27C044DA431" bold="true" box="[189,382,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502626B83DFF38D27C044DA431" bold="true" box="[189,382,264,291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF2F422626B83DFF38D242007BA779" blockId="8.[188,1399,311,619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12626B83DFF38D24204F7A442" authority="Hamer & Lee & Guénard, 2023" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,452,311,337]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502626B83DFF38D24204F7A442" box="[189,452,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">Temnothorax barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B2626B83DFE4ED24D0716A441" box="[459,549,312,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was collected from Tai Po Kau Headland, a Site of Special Conservation Interest owing to the presence of natural lowland coastal woodland, which has had a long history of post- World War II reforestation with minimal human disturbance (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32626B83DFC03D20801F3A484" author="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O." box="[902,1216,381,408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" refId="ref9337" refString="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O. (eds) 2006. Tai Po Kau Headland Conservation Study and S. S. S. I. Proposal. C & R Wildlife, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong. Available from https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 275949904 [accessed 13 Jun. 2023]." type="url" year="2006">Kendrick & Barretto 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, the presence of an old pre-war Feng Shui relict woodland also makes the site unique due to the long history of human disturbance elsewhere in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3576FD22626B83DFDDED2B107D7A4CD" box="[603,740,452,478]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32626B83DFD76D2B1011DA4CD" author="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O." box="[755,1070,452,478]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" refId="ref9337" refString="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O. (eds) 2006. Tai Po Kau Headland Conservation Study and S. S. S. I. Proposal. C & R Wildlife, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong. Available from https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 275949904 [accessed 13 Jun. 2023]." type="url" year="2006">Kendrick & Barretto 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). One worker of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12626B83DFB77D2B00045A4CD" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[1266,1398,452,478]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502626B83DFB77D2B00045A4CD" box="[1266,1398,452,478]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found in a leaf litter sample within a patch of secondary forest approximately 250 meters away from the location of the relict forest. Further sampling using winkler extractors and vegetation beating was conducted within the collection site to acquire further specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4054C12626B83DFC5AD15B0150A754" authority="Hamer & Lee & Guénard, 2023" authorityName="Hamer & Lee & Guénard" authorityYear="2023" box="[991,1123,557,583]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934F3502626B83DFC5AD15B0150A754" box="[991,1123,557,583]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="124">T. barrettoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2074E2B2626B83DFBEED15B01F5A75B" box="[1131,1222,558,584]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
but resulted in no additional specimens. More information of the site can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD152B32626B83DFC7DD1240076A779" author="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O." box="[1016,1349,592,619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="124" refId="ref9337" refString="Kendrick R. C. & Barretto R. O. (eds) 2006. Tai Po Kau Headland Conservation Study and S. S. S. I. Proposal. C & R Wildlife, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong. Available from https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 275949904 [accessed 13 Jun. 2023]." type="url" year="2006">Kendrick & Barretto (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |