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<document id="DFB80178C382ED8C939E47E7A5BF331B" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2017.1395919" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5184119" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628735592360" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Watson, Charlotte &amp; Faulwetter, Sarah" docDate="2017" docId="03E91002871A1371FE79FE18FEB8F96D" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.51.47-48.2863-2924.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 51 (47 - 48)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1395919" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Treptopale Perkins 1985" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2892" masterDocId="FFD0687A8704136EFFABFFCFFFFBFFD3" masterDocTitle="Stylet jaws of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida)" masterLastPageNumber="2924" masterPageNumber="2863" pageNumber="2892" updateTime="1699050914801" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="33C8E775424543F662701E0D77426E0F">Stylet jaws of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="44AB29AA8ABC34A18C4F7ECE8C8D7CE1">Watson, Charlotte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A00AA523032319804C81CD70EB09996D">Faulwetter, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="33EDB2482A3A5C12267F1B54BCC403AA">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3C09ECD74129DE3A7B4F32A11814CF07">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8161D8FB687C21BE69820C93AAD4B0D9">2017-11-24</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C35AF29F871A1370FE79FE18FCABFE23" box="[466,848,471,496]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FE79FE18FCABFE23" blockId="30.[466,848,471,530]" box="[466,848,471,496]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<heading id="D0B71678871A1370FE79FE18FCABFE23" box="[466,848,471,496]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" reason="5">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FD8DFE18FCABFE23" ID-CoL="84VD4" authority="Perkins, 1985" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1985" box="[550,848,471,496]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FD8DFE18FD50FE23" bold="true" box="[550,683,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FD1FFE18FCABFE23" author="Perkins TH" box="[692,848,471,496]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="856 - 915" refId="ref26389" refString="Perkins TH. 1985. Chrysopetalum, Bhawania and two new genera of Chrysopetalidae (Polychaeta), principally from Florida. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 98: 856 - 915." type="journal article" year="1985">Perkins, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35AF29F871A1370FE53FE36FD4FFD95" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FE53FE36FCD0FDC1" blockId="30.[466,848,471,530]" box="[504,811,505,530]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
(
<figureCitation id="137BBD91871A1370FDABFE36FD6FFDC1" box="[512,660,505,530]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="31.[160,225,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-36@31.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 17. Anterior end of Treptopale homalos (mCT-00085), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. (a) dorsal view; (b and c) dorsal view, virtually dissected at different levels and with different opacity levels to expose pharyngeal structures; (d) lateral view, virtually dissected to expose pharyngeal structures; (e) jaws, anterolateral view; (f) dorsal view and cross sections through the jaw along its length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184155/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Figure 17af</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6C294AF871A1370FD08FE36FCFEFDC1" box="[675,773,505,530]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[133,189,703,726]" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of pharyngeal and jaw characters." pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Tables 1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6C294AF871A1370FCBEFE36FCD8FDC1" box="[789,803,505,530]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,583,606]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of morphological characters." pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFDE1FD4FFD95" blockId="30.[160,692,558,582]" box="[160,692,558,582]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<typeStatus id="54FB1FB6871A1370FF0BFDE1FF2DFD95" box="[160,214,558,582]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FE94FDE1FD4FFD95" authority="Perkins, 1985" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1985" box="[319,692,558,582]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rudolphi">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FE94FDE1FDEDFD95" box="[319,534,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale rudolphi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FDB4FDE1FD4FFD95" author="Perkins TH" box="[543,692,558,582]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="856 - 915" refId="ref26389" refString="Perkins TH. 1985. Chrysopetalum, Bhawania and two new genera of Chrysopetalidae (Polychaeta), principally from Florida. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 98: 856 - 915." type="journal article" year="1985">Perkins, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35AF29F871A1370FF0BFDBBFBB5FD25" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFDBBFE7BFD5D" blockId="30.[160,1156,628,758]" box="[160,384,628,654]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFDBBFE7BFD5D" bold="true" box="[160,384,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFD57FBB5FD25" blockId="30.[160,1156,628,758]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<materialsCitation id="3B28AB49871A1370FF0BFD57FCB4FD63" box="[160,847,664,688]" collectionCode="NTM" location="One" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E9FF7CF871A1370FF0BFD57FF34FD63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E91002871A1371FE79FE18FEB8F96D:8E9FF7CF871A1370FF0BFD57FF34FD63" box="[160,207,664,688]" name="One" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">One</location>
specimen
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FEFDFD57FD19FD63" authority="Watson, 2010" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2010" box="[342,738,664,688]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homalos">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FEFDFD57FDCDFD63" box="[342,566,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale homalos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FDE8FD57FD19FD63" author="Watson C" box="[579,738,664,688]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27457" refString="Watson C. 2010. Revision of the pantropical genus Treptopale (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Chrysopetalidae): redescription of Treptopale rudolphi Perkins 1985 and description of two new species including comparison of Treptopale populations in northern Australia. Beagle, Rec Mus Art Gall N Terr. 26: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2010">Watson, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5139D1871A1370FD5EFD57FCD2FD63" box="[757,809,664,688]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">NTM</collectionCode>
W
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B28AB49871A1370FCF9FD57FE65FD25" collectionCode="NTM" location="South West Pacific" municipality="Great Barrier Reef" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
22892,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9B3B6E871A1370FC00FD57FB7AFD63" box="[939,1153,664,688]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Great Barrier Reef</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49846FF6871A1370FF0BFD74FED2FD00" box="[160,297,699,723]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Queensland</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E9FF7CF871A1370FEEBFD74FDD2FD00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E91002871A1371FE79FE18FEB8F96D:8E9FF7CF871A1370FEEBFD74FDD2FD00" box="[320,553,699,723]" municipality="Great Barrier Reef" name="South West Pacific" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" stateProvince="Queensland">South West Pacific</location>
(mCT-00085);
<specimenCount id="9D466A9D871A1370FD4DFD74FC8FFD00" box="[742,884,699,723]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FC23FD74FEC1FD25" authority="Watson, 2010" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2010" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paromolos">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FC23FD74FB78FD00" box="[904,1155,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale paromolos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FF0BFD11FEC1FD25" author="Watson C" box="[160,314,734,758]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27457" refString="Watson C. 2010. Revision of the pantropical genus Treptopale (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Chrysopetalidae): redescription of Treptopale rudolphi Perkins 1985 and description of two new species including comparison of Treptopale populations in northern Australia. Beagle, Rec Mus Art Gall N Terr. 26: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2010">Watson, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5139D1871A1370FEE3FD11FE87FD25" box="[328,380,734,758]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">NTM</collectionCode>
W
</materialsCitation>
.23701, Darwin,
<collectingRegion id="49846FF6871A1370FDF9FD11FCD9FD25" box="[594,802,734,758]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
, Arafura Sea (mCT-00403).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35AF29F871A1371FF0BFCECFEB8F96D" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="2893" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFCECFED7FCEE" blockId="30.[160,901,803,864]" box="[160,300,803,829]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFCECFED7FCEE" bold="true" box="[160,300,803,829]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFC87FC7EFCB3" blockId="30.[160,901,803,864]" box="[160,901,840,864]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BFC87FEEFFCB3" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="1985" box="[160,276,840,864]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFC87FEEFFCB3" box="[160,276,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a pan-tropical taxon found between
<geoCoordinate id="EE74C7D3871A1370FD70FC87FCEAFCB3" box="[731,785,840,864]" degrees="24" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" precision="55555" value="24.0">24°N</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="EE74C7D3871A1370FCE6FC87FC7AFCB3" box="[845,897,840,864]" degrees="33" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" precision="55555" value="-33.0">33°S</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFC42FF02FC74" blockId="30.[160,1155,909,1212]" box="[160,249,909,935]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFC42FF02FC74" bold="true" box="[160,249,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFC7DFC8FFB6F" blockId="30.[160,1155,909,1212]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BFC7DFE96FC19" box="[160,365,946,970]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFC7DFEEFFC19" box="[160,276,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are relatively common on mainland fringing and offshore coral reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific. A review of species from northern
<collectingCountry id="F357E184871A1370FC18FC1BFBEFFC3F" box="[947,1044,980,1004]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Australia</collectingCountry>
found a partitioning of the coral reef habitat, with
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FD28FC38FCA6FBDC" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2010" box="[643,861,1015,1039]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="homalos">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FD28FC38FCA6FBDC" box="[643,861,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale homalos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabiting cleaner rubble habitats often associated with
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FDAFFBD5FC91FBE1" authority="J. V. Lamouroux, 1812" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[516,874,1050,1074]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FDAFFBD5FD97FBE1" box="[516,620,1050,1074]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Halimeda</emphasis>
J.V.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FD0FFBD5FC91FBE1" author="Lamouroux JVF" box="[676,874,1050,1074]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="181 - 188" refId="ref25661" refString="Lamouroux JVF. 1812. Extrait d' un memoire sur la classification des Polypiers coralligenes non entierement pierreux [Exerpt from a memoir on the classification of not entirely stony coralligenous polyps]. Nouv Bull Sci Soc Philom Paris. 3: 181 - 188. French." type="journal article" year="1812">Lamouroux, 1812</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and coralline algae and
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BFBF3FE6BFB87" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2010" box="[160,400,1084,1108]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paromolos">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFBF3FE6BFB87" box="[160,400,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale paromolos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurring in rubble from silty reefs, muddier sands,
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FC43FBF3FBABFB87" authorityName="J. V. Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[1000,1104,1084,1108]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FC43FBF3FBABFB87" box="[1000,1104,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Halimeda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and seagrasses: depth range low water mark to ~
<quantity id="4CB80CF1871A1370FD04FB90FD15FBA4" box="[687,750,1119,1143]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FD55FB90FC6DFBA4" author="Watson C" box="[766,918,1119,1143]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27457" refString="Watson C. 2010. Revision of the pantropical genus Treptopale (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Chrysopetalidae): redescription of Treptopale rudolphi Perkins 1985 and description of two new species including comparison of Treptopale populations in northern Australia. Beagle, Rec Mus Art Gall N Terr. 26: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2010">Watson 2010</bibRefCitation>
). A newly described
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BFB4DFE97FB49" box="[160,364,1154,1178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFB4DFEEFFB49" box="[160,276,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from the Mediterranean occurs in a shell matrix habitat dominated by turfing green algae (Watson and Chatzigeorgiou, Forthcoming).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFB25FE6DFAD7" blockId="30.[160,1156,1258,1457]" box="[160,406,1258,1284]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFB25FE6DFAD7" bold="true" box="[160,406,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">General morphology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFAC1FC66FA62" blockId="30.[160,1156,1258,1457]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BFAC1FE94FAF5" box="[160,367,1294,1318]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFAC1FEEFFAF5" box="[160,276,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
comprise elongate, slender individuals that possess pale golden to silvery coloured, symmetrical-shaped main paleae and a median paleae fascicle that form flattened fans that entirely cover the dorsum (
<figureCitation id="137BBD91871A1370FCBCFA9BFC6FFABF" box="[791,916,1364,1388]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="31.[160,225,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-36@31.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 17. Anterior end of Treptopale homalos (mCT-00085), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. (a) dorsal view; (b and c) dorsal view, virtually dissected at different levels and with different opacity levels to expose pharyngeal structures; (d) lateral view, virtually dissected to expose pharyngeal structures; (e) jaws, anterolateral view; (f) dorsal view and cross sections through the jaw along its length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184155/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Figure 17a</figureCitation>
). Sensory structures include a prostomium, fused with the anterior segments, two pairs of complex eyes, oval palps, glandular nuchal fold and lateral organs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE5871A1370FD51FA56FC6BFA62" author="Watson C" box="[762,912,1433,1457]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref27457" refString="Watson C. 2010. Revision of the pantropical genus Treptopale (Annelida: Phyllodocida: Chrysopetalidae): redescription of Treptopale rudolphi Perkins 1985 and description of two new species including comparison of Treptopale populations in northern Australia. Beagle, Rec Mus Art Gall N Terr. 26: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2010">Watson 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1370FF0BFA11FE8CFA2B" blockId="30.[160,1155,1502,1702]" box="[160,375,1502,1528]" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BFA11FE8CFA2B" bold="true" box="[160,375,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Pharynx and jaws</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA114871A1371FF0BF9CCFEB8F96D" blockId="30.[160,1155,1502,1702]" lastBlockId="31.[160,1155,1633,1726]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="2893" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA97871A1370FF0BF9CCFE94F9C8" box="[160,367,1539,1563]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Treptopale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9347D06871A1370FF0BF9CCFEEFF9C8" box="[160,276,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Treptopale</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
possess a short, broad proboscis and a short, broad pharynx which appears to narrow slightly at the posterior end. The pharynx appears undifferentiated and a calcified muscular ring is present. Caeca are not discernible on CT scans (
<figureCitation id="137BBD91871A1370FF0CF9A4FEC6F950" box="[167,317,1643,1667]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="31.[160,225,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-36@31.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 17. Anterior end of Treptopale homalos (mCT-00085), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. (a) dorsal view; (b and c) dorsal view, virtually dissected at different levels and with different opacity levels to expose pharyngeal structures; (d) lateral view, virtually dissected to expose pharyngeal structures; (e) jaws, anterolateral view; (f) dorsal view and cross sections through the jaw along its length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184155/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Figure 17bd</figureCitation>
). A pair of relatively small, elongate, slender jaws sits deep in the pharynx and occupies over half its length (
<figureCitation id="137BBD91871A1370FDB5F941FD4BF975" box="[542,688,1678,1702]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="31.[160,225,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-36@31.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 17. Anterior end of Treptopale homalos (mCT-00085), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. (a) dorsal view; (b and c) dorsal view, virtually dissected at different levels and with different opacity levels to expose pharyngeal structures; (d) lateral view, virtually dissected to expose pharyngeal structures; (e) jaws, anterolateral view; (f) dorsal view and cross sections through the jaw along its length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184155/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="2892">Figure 17c, d</figureCitation>
). Stylets possess a slight swelling present on their inner margins at the point where the jaws diverge anteriorly outwards; the posterior elongate sections of the stylets sit close to one another but do not interlink (
<figureCitation id="137BBD91871B1371FF0CF969FECDF96D" box="[167,310,1702,1726]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="31.[160,225,1446,1469]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-36@31.[163,1153,142,1415]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 17. Anterior end of Treptopale homalos (mCT-00085), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. (a) dorsal view; (b and c) dorsal view, virtually dissected at different levels and with different opacity levels to expose pharyngeal structures; (d) lateral view, virtually dissected to expose pharyngeal structures; (e) jaws, anterolateral view; (f) dorsal view and cross sections through the jaw along its length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184155/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="2893">Figure 17e, f</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>