143 lines
20 KiB
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143 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="4A5D30E5615C839A290F2493502B69D7" ID-CLB-Dataset="32685" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4291.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b811dd22-2c06-4bb4-b8ba-53ae47f2b684" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="829579" ID-ZooBank="8A334FA5-F438-4539-86CB-8AA1924F3C3A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500111762977" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Neretina, Anna N. & Kotov, Alexey A." docDate="2017" docId="03D7821FFFB84C41FF3AA6B8EB294547" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4291.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4291 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Grimaldina Richard 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="298" masterDocId="FFEEFA67FFBA4C42FFADA57EEE7F475F" masterDocTitle="Old World-New World differentiation of so-called “ circumtropical ” taxa: the case of rare genus Grimaldina Richard, 1892 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Macrothricidae)" masterLastPageNumber="323" masterPageNumber="295" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1698465551324" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4FB66139F5D58F4BC11AC510DEFE5E7E">Old World-New World differentiation of so-called “ circumtropical ” taxa: the case of rare genus Grimaldina Richard, 1892 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Macrothricidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B923C334EB3A954ED0BECB5FFE42CA1E">Neretina, Anna N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25DC6A20136BE50FE08F3DB429AD3E37">Kotov, Alexey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3ECF2C6793B8DE694587FC2EE4980192">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D7821FFFB84C41FF3AA6B8EB294547" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6000291" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132549702" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6000291" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D7821FFFB84C41FF3AA6B8EB294547" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D7821FFFB84C41FF3AA6B8EB294547" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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<subSubSection id="C3646082FFB84C40FF3AA6B8EDE4431D" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC13309FFB84C40FF3AA6B8EC4E44BF" blockId="2.[151,561,966,992]" box="[151,561,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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<heading id="D0898465FFB84C40FF3AA6B8EC4E44BF" bold="true" box="[151,561,966,992]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF3AA6B8EC4E44BF" bold="true" box="[151,561,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB84C40FF40A6B8EC4E44BF" ID-CoL="4R4T" authority="Richard, 1892" authorityName="Richard" authorityYear="1892" box="[237,561,966,992]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Grimaldina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF40A6B8EF0644BF" bold="true" box="[237,377,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Grimaldina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FE2CA6B8EC4E44BF" author="Richard" box="[385,561,966,992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Richard, J. (1892) Grimaldina brazzai, Guernella raphaelis, Moinodaphnia mocquerysi, cladoceres nouveaus du Congo. Memoires de la Societe zoologique de France, 5, 213 - 226." type="journal article" year="1892">Richard, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC13309FFB84C40FF3AA173EDE4431D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1037,1090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FF3AA173EF59437C" author="Richard" box="[151,294,1037,1059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Richard, J. (1892) Grimaldina brazzai, Guernella raphaelis, Moinodaphnia mocquerysi, cladoceres nouveaus du Congo. Memoires de la Societe zoologique de France, 5, 213 - 226." type="journal article" year="1892">Richard 1892</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 214–218;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FE1BA173EC5F437C" author="Sars" box="[438,544,1037,1059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Sars, G. O. (1901) Contributions to the knowledge of the fresh-water Entomostraca of South America, as shown by artificial hatching from dried material. 1. Cladocera. Archiv for Mathematik og Naturvidenskab, 23 (3), 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1901">Sars 1901</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 28–31; Silva-Briano 1998: p. 149–151;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FC4AA173EB02437C" author="Garfias-Espejo" box="[999,1405,1037,1059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Garfias-Espejo, T. & Elias-Gutierrez, M. (2003) Taxonomy and distribution of Macrothricidae (Crustacea: Anomopoda) in southeastern Mexico, northern Guatemala and Belize. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Serie Zoologia, 74, 105 - 134." type="journal article" year="2003">Garfias-Espejo & Elías-Gutiérrez 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 108; Hollwedel et al. 2003: p. 78;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FD8CA152ED4E431D" author="Elias-Gutierrez" box="[545,817,1068,1090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Elias-Gutierrez, M., Kotov, A. A. & Garfias-Espejo, T. (2006) Cladocera (Crustacea: Ctenopoda, Anomopoda) from southern Mexico, Belize and northern Guatemala, with some biogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 1119, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Elías-Gutiérrez
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FD6FA153EC8A431D" box="[706,757,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 12–13.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3646082FFB84C40FF3AA110EE9042F8" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC13309FFB84C40FF3AA110EE9042F8" blockId="2.[151,1437,1134,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF3AA110EF6043D8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1134,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FE8BA110EFAE43D8" author="Richard" box="[294,465,1134,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Richard, J. (1892) Grimaldina brazzai, Guernella raphaelis, Moinodaphnia mocquerysi, cladoceres nouveaus du Congo. Memoires de la Societe zoologique de France, 5, 213 - 226." type="journal article" year="1892">Richard (1892)</bibRefCitation>
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did not diagnose the genus (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FCD8A110EA6743D8" author="Smirnov" box="[885,1048,1134,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1976) Macrothricidae and Moinidae of the world fauna. Fauna SSSR, novaya seriya. Rakoobraznye, 1 (3), 1 - 237. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1976">Smirnov 1976</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FB89A111EA1F43D8" author="Smirnov" box="[1060,1120,1135,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1992) The Macrothricidae of the world. Guides to the identification of the microivertebrates of the Continental Waters of the world. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague 1, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
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). And the following authors gave only a brief diagnosis (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FE74A1ECEC0043F4" author="Smirnov" box="[473,639,1170,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1976) Macrothricidae and Moinidae of the world fauna. Fauna SSSR, novaya seriya. Rakoobraznye, 1 (3), 1 - 237. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1976">Smirnov 1976</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FD26A1EDECBB43F4" author="Smirnov" box="[651,708,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1992) The Macrothricidae of the world. Guides to the identification of the microivertebrates of the Continental Waters of the world. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague 1, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
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) or a formal description of the species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FB26A1EDEB7F43F4" author="Sars" box="[1163,1280,1171,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Sars, G. O. (1901) Contributions to the knowledge of the fresh-water Entomostraca of South America, as shown by artificial hatching from dried material. 1. Cladocera. Archiv for Mathematik og Naturvidenskab, 23 (3), 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1901">Sars 1901</bibRefCitation>
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; Silva-Briano 1998;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FF70A1C8ECEA4390" author="Garfias-Espejo" box="[221,661,1206,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Garfias-Espejo, T. & Elias-Gutierrez, M. (2003) Taxonomy and distribution of Macrothricidae (Crustacea: Anomopoda) in southeastern Mexico, northern Guatemala and Belize. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Serie Zoologia, 74, 105 - 134." type="journal article" year="2003">Garfias-Espejo & Elías-Gutiérrez 2003</bibRefCitation>
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; Hollwedel
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FCB1A1C9ED334390" box="[796,844,1206,1231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
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. 2003;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FC0DA1C8EAB54390" author="Elias-Gutierrez" box="[928,1226,1206,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Elias-Gutierrez, M., Kotov, A. A. & Garfias-Espejo, T. (2006) Cladocera (Crustacea: Ctenopoda, Anomopoda) from southern Mexico, Belize and northern Guatemala, with some biogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 1119, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Elías-Gutiérrez
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FBFFA1C9EAF54390" box="[1106,1162,1206,1231]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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) based on which it is difficult to separate
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB84C40FE30A1A4EC5F43AC" box="[413,544,1242,1267]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Grimaldina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FE30A1A4EC5F43AC" box="[413,544,1242,1267]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Grimaldina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from other macrothricid genera. The first attempt to estimate the position of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB84C40FF3AA180EF654248" box="[151,282,1278,1303]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Grimaldina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF3AA180EF654248" box="[151,282,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Grimaldina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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within the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB84C40FE30A180EC374248" box="[413,584,1278,1303]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Macrothricidae</taxonomicName>
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was made by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FD42A181EA154248" author="Dumont" box="[751,1130,1278,1303]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Dumont, H. J. & Silva-Briano, M. (1998) A reclassification of the anomopod families Macrothricidae and Chydoridae, with the creation of a new suborder, the Radopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Hydrobiologia, 384, 119 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1003259630312" type="journal article" year="1998">Dumont and Silva-Briano (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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. In their proposed scheme,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB84C40FF3AA05CEF654264" box="[151,282,1314,1339]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Grimaldina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF3AA05CEF654264" box="[151,282,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Grimaldina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and a few other genera were transferred to the "Non-Macrothricinae" subfamily based on thoracic limb structure (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB84C40FEAAA039EC264200" author="Dumont" box="[263,601,1350,1375]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refString="Dumont, H. J. & Silva-Briano, M. (1998) A reclassification of the anomopod families Macrothricidae and Chydoridae, with the creation of a new suborder, the Radopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Hydrobiologia, 384, 119 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1003259630312" type="journal article" year="1998">Dumont & Silva-Briano 1998</bibRefCitation>
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), although some errors and inaccuracies were made in their morphological description. This classification has not been generally accepted, because not all macrothricid taxa are equally well studied.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3646082FFB84C41FF6AA0CCEB4846AA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC13309FFB84C41FF6AA0CCEB4846AA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1134,2023]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB84C40FF6AA0CCEC7B4294" bold="true" box="[199,516,1458,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Emended genus diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Large macrothricids, about
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<quantity id="4C869EECFFB84C40FCEAA0CDEDDD4295" box="[839,930,1459,1483]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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. Living animals usually have reddish-brown color. Body compressed laterally, in lateral view subrectangular, length slightly greater than height. Dorsal margin regularly arched in anterior portion and almost straight in its posterior part; a depression between head and valves fully absent. At posterior margin a row of small stiff setulae on the inner side of valve; posteroventral portion with short setulated setae, subequal in size. Ventral margin of valves with setulated, relatively long setae different in size. Outer surface of valves with a sculpture consisting of elongated scales. Head relatively large, not keeled. Ventral surface of head with a protuberance near bases of antenna I. A single frontal head pore located in anterior part of head between bases of antennae I. Major and lateral dorsal head pores absent. Labrum large, subquadrangular, with setulated apex. Postabdomen large for macrothricids, semicircular, strongly compressed laterally. Preanal margin long, curved, subdivided into two lobes. Preanal margin with minute teeth, forming small groups distally; armature of anal margin as groups of fine setulae, plus a single setulated seta located proximally, also a bunch of 5–6 setulated setae laterally. Postanal margin with a row of 6–7 setulated setae, some specimens from the
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<collectingRegion id="49BAFDEBFFB84C40FF53A21DEF354024" box="[254,330,1891,1915]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Paraná</collectingRegion>
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River in
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<collectingCountry id="F3697399FFB84C40FE18A21CEC5A4024" box="[437,549,1890,1915]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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has 8 setae (J. C. Paggi, personal communication), among them the distalmost setae shorter than others, and fine groups of setules above them. Postabdominal setae longer than postabdomen. Postabdominal claw relatively robust, long. At its base, a relatively long basal spine and a small denticle. Antenna I long, thin, “rod like”, with a row of small denticles, decreasing in size distally. Antennular sensory seta slender, arising at 1/4 of its length from base. Antenna II with elongated branches. Antennal formula: setae 0-0-1-3/1-1-3, spines 0-1-0-1/0-0-1. The largest seta (on proximal segment of antenna II endopod) asymmetrically armed by short setulae along one side and more by robust spinules (located relatively sparsely or densely) along other side. Spines of both apical antennal segments thin, exopod apical spine slightly longer than endopod spine. Five pairs of thoracic limbs. Limb I without accessory seta, maxillar process with two setae. Limb II with eight scrapers, covered by relatively fine (for macrothricids) denticles, and additional elements: a fork-like projection near scraper 3, a long sensillum and soft seta near scraper 4, and soft seta near scraper 8. Filter plate with six setae. Exopodites of limb III–V with 6, 4 and 1 setae, respectively. Armature of posterior setae on endites of limb III–IV represented by fine setules, unlike other macrothricids with well-developed denticles and stiff swiping setulae. Gnathobase filter plate of limb III–IV with seven and six setae, respectively; limb V without differentiated filter plate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3646082FFB94C41FF6AA481EB294547" box="[199,1366,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC13309FFB94C41FF6AA481EB294547" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,536]" box="[199,1366,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
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<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB94C41FF6AA481EF1D4547" bold="true" box="[199,354,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Type species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E488AFFB94C41FEC4A481EC904547" authority="Richard, 1892" authorityName="Richard" authorityYear="1892" box="[361,751,511,536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Grimaldina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brazzai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEF1BFFB94C41FEC4A481EC3B4547" box="[361,580,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Grimaldina brazzai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB94C41FDE1A481EC904547" author="Richard" box="[588,751,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" refString="Richard, J. (1892) Grimaldina brazzai, Guernella raphaelis, Moinodaphnia mocquerysi, cladoceres nouveaus du Congo. Memoires de la Societe zoologique de France, 5, 213 - 226." type="journal article" year="1892">Richard, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type was fixed by monotypy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4EF8FFB94C41FBE0A77EEB354547" author="ICZN" box="[1101,1354,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" refString="International Commission on zoological Nomenclature (ICzN) (2000) International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. The Natural History Museum, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="2000">ICZN 2000, case 68.3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |