337 lines
43 KiB
XML
337 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0D65094D82CD2B35F98BB44846A7CCAC">Agastograptus, a synonym of Plectograptus (Retiolitidae, Graptolithina)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="671C89D42FB62B6BD61A6C1D1656C627">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3F43FC79D9E4A7446391A37C803B2B60">
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<mods:date id="BF06C732C9EF88DEEBD21EFB7C4B1EC7">2002</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D77655B435E54BFCA5FD02B0B0AC4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13173824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D77655B435E54BFCA5FD02B0B0AC4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D77655B435E54BFCA5FD02B0B0AC4B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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<subSubSection id="C36494C8B435E549FCA5FD02B505A8EE" box="[812,1369,706,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FD02B505A8EE" blockId="1.[812,1369,706,771]" box="[812,1369,706,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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<heading id="D089702FB435E549FCA5FD02B505A8EE" box="[812,1369,706,735]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FD02B505A8EE" authority="(Tornquist, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[812,1369,706,735]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FD02B42FA8EE" box="[812,1139,706,735]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus macilentus</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FB0AFD02B50DA8EE" author="Tornquist, S. L." box="[1155,1361,706,735]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="471 - 492" refId="ref7883" refString="Tornquist, S. L. 1887. Anteckningar de aldre paleozoiska leden i Ost-thuringen och Vogtland. Geologiska Forennigens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 9: 471 - 492." type="journal article" year="1887">Törnquist, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B435E549FCA5FD2DB3C4A932" box="[812,920,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FD2DB3C4A932" blockId="1.[812,1369,706,771]" box="[812,920,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B435E549FCA5FD2DB3C8A932" box="[812,916,749,771]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B435E549FCA5FCD5B485AEB0" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FCD5B51DA91A" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" box="[812,1345,789,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FCD5B51DA91A" box="[812,1345,789,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FCD5B3A9A91A" authorityName="Kozłowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="2002" box="[812,1013,789,811]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Retiolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FCD5B3A9A91A" box="[812,1013,789,811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Retiolites macilentus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239A62AB435E549FC72FCD5B46DA91A" box="[1019,1073,789,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FBB2FCD5B4A3A91A" author="Tornquist, S. L." box="[1083,1279,789,811]" page="491" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1887">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FBB2FCD5B4A3A91A" author="Tornquist, S. L." box="[1083,1279,789,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="471 - 492" refId="ref7883" refString="Tornquist, S. L. 1887. Anteckningar de aldre paleozoiska leden i Ost-thuringen och Vogtland. Geologiska Forennigens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 9: 471 - 492." type="journal article" year="1887">Törnquist 1887: 491</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 3.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FCF2B39CA955" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FCF2B39CA955" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FCF2B4CEA979" authority="(Tornquist)" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[812,1170,818,840]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FCF2B47CA979" box="[812,1056,818,840]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus macilentus</emphasis>
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||
(Törnquist)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FB12FCF2B595A979" author="Moberg, J. C. & Tornquist, S. L." box="[1179,1481,818,840]" page="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1909">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FB12FCF2B595A979" author="Moberg, J. C. & Tornquist, S. L." box="[1179,1481,818,840]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref7651" refString="Moberg, J. C. and Tornquist, S. L. 1909. Retioloidea fran Skanes Colonusskiffer. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning C 213: 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1909">Moberg and Törnquist 1909: 13</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 1: 1–12.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FCABB46FA9AC" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FCABB46FA9AC" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FCABB476A9B1" authorityName="Kozłowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="2002" box="[812,1066,875,897]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="tetracantus" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FCABB476A9B1" box="[812,1066,875,897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus tetracantus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239A62AB435E549FBBDFCABB433A9B0" box="[1076,1135,875,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FBF7FCABB51BA9B0" author="Eisenack, A." box="[1150,1351,875,897]" page="140" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FBF7FCABB51BA9B0" author="Eisenack, A." box="[1150,1351,875,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="129 - 163" refId="ref6884" refString="Eisenack, A. 1951. Retioliten aus dem Graptolithengestein. Palaeontographica 100: 129 - 163." type="journal article" year="1951">Eisenack 1951: 140</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 23: 6–8, pl. 25: 9, text−figs. 4, 5.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FC64B44DA9E7" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FC64B44DA9E7" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FC64B4CAA98B" authority="(Tornquist)" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[812,1174,932,954]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FC64B47EA98B" box="[812,1058,932,954]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus macilentus</emphasis>
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||
(Törnquist)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FB28FC64B595A98B" author="Boucek, B. & Munch, A." box="[1185,1481,932,954]" page="120" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1952">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FB28FC64B595A98B" author="Boucek, B. & Munch, A." box="[1185,1481,932,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref6940" refString="Boucek, B. and Munch, A. 1952. Retioliti stredoevropskeho svrniho wenlocku a ludlowu [in Czech, Russian and English]. Sbornik Ustredniho Ustavu Geologickeho 19: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1952">Bouček and Münch 1952: 120</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 7a–f, pl. 1: 1–4.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FC1DB3A0AE3E" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FC1DB51DA9C2" authority="(Tornquist)" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[812,1345,989,1011]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus" subGenus="Plectograptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FC1DB3EFA9C2" box="[812,947,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FC4FFC1DB411A9C2" box="[966,1101,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FBE9FC1DB494A9C2" box="[1120,1224,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
(Törnquist)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FAD9FC1DB5E3A9C2" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[1360,1471,989,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref7382" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1993. Late Wenlock and Ludlow (Silurian) Plectograptinae (retiolitid graptolites), Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada. Bulletins of American Paleontology 104: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1993">Lenz 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a: 13–14, pl. 1: 6–8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FBD6B39BAE79" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FBD6B39BAE79" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCA5FBD6B4C3AE1D" authority="(Tornquist)" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[812,1183,1046,1068]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FBD6B47AAE1D" box="[812,1062,1046,1068]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
(Törnquist)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FB27FBD6B324AE79" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." page="317" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FB27FBD6B324AE79" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="261 - 326" refId="ref7163" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 1995. Silurian retiolitids of the East European Platform. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40: 261 - 326." type="journal article" year="1995">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 1995: 317</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 33.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FB8FB485AEB0" blockId="1.[812,1486,789,1153]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB435E549FCA5FB8FB485AEB0" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FCDFFB8FB534AE54" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[854,1384,1103,1125]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Retiolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="obesus" subGenus="Plegmatograptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCDFFB8FB3EDAE54" box="[854,945,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Retiolites</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FC37FB8FB43FAE54" box="[958,1123,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plegmatograptus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FBF8FB8FB4EEAE54" box="[1137,1202,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">obesus</emphasis>
|
||
var. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FA89FB8FB534AE54" box="[1280,1384,1103,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B435E549FAFCFB8FB3AFAEB0" author="Elles, G. L. & Wood, E. M. R." page="343" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" year="1908">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FAFCFB8FB3AFAEB0" author="Elles, G. L. & Wood, E. M. R." pageId="1" pageNumber="460" refId="ref6902" refString="Elles, G. L. and Wood, E. M. R. 1908. Monograph of British Graptolites, Part 7, cxxi - cxlviii + 273 - 358. Palaeontographical Society, London." type="book" year="1908">Elles and Wood 1908: 343</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 34; 13a, b, fig. 224.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B435E549FCA5FB53B4DBAEDB" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FB53B4DBAEDB" blockId="1.[812,1485,1171,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FB53B45BAE9A" box="[812,1031,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.—Ancora sleeve and thecal walls without reticulum, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FB98FB73B4D1AEFA" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1041,1165,1203,1227]" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FB98FB73B4D1AEFA" box="[1041,1165,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FABAFB73B5F2AEFA" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1331,1454,1203,1227]" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FABAFB73B5F2AEFA" box="[1331,1454,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in absence of apertural processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B435E54AFCA5FB3EB195AD85" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FB3EB4D3AF04" blockId="1.[812,1484,1277,1333]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FB3EB3ECAF24" box="[812,944,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.—The new material represents the same features as the material described before
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCA5FA89B4DBACB1" blockId="1.[812,1486,1352,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FCA5FA89B3FBAF51" box="[812,935,1353,1376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
.—The first detailed description and discussion of the species was by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FB8EFAA8B567AFB1" author="Boucek, B. & Munch, A." box="[1031,1339,1384,1408]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref6940" refString="Boucek, B. and Munch, A. 1952. Retioliti stredoevropskeho svrniho wenlocku a ludlowu [in Czech, Russian and English]. Sbornik Ustredniho Ustavu Geologickeho 19: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1952">Bouček and Münch (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The authors carefully studied the previously described material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FAF5FA48B45DAFF1" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FAF5FA48B45DAFF1" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Plectograptus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and other species incorrectly included in this species. They noticed the presence of large openings above the ancora, central position of nema, which in mature specimens projects distally as a thickened “ramification”, which was regarded by them as a “teratological phenomenon”. This feature is regarded as a three−vaned nematularium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FCBAF9A8B427ACB1" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." box="[819,1147,1640,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="261 - 326" refId="ref7163" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 1995. Silurian retiolitids of the East European Platform. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40: 261 - 326." type="journal article" year="1995">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E549FCDBF949B496ADB0" blockId="1.[812,1486,1352,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FCDBF949B4DFAC90" author="Boucek, B. & Munch, A." box="[850,1155,1673,1697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref6940" refString="Boucek, B. and Munch, A. 1952. Retioliti stredoevropskeho svrniho wenlocku a ludlowu [in Czech, Russian and English]. Sbornik Ustredniho Ustavu Geologickeho 19: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1952">Bouček and Münch (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also mentioned the variation in the development of the proximal part of rhabdosome. These differences are also observed by the author, and are expressed in the location of the first lists of the ancora sleeve walls, which may appear at the level of the either the first or second theca, accounting for differences in the size of the ancora sleeve proximal orifices. More material is needed to study the significance of this feature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B435E54AFCDBF84AB195AD85" blockId="1.[812,1486,1352,2018]" lastBlockId="2.[102,775,1787,1972]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">
|
||
The ancora umbrella with incomplete lists is similarly developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B435E549FC25F86BB41DADF3" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[940,1089,1962,1986]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B435E549FC25F86BB41DADF3" box="[940,1089,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">P. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a Baltic erratic boulder (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B435E549FA29F86AB32CADD3" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="460">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B435E549FC61F80AB571ADD3" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." box="[1000,1325,1994,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="460" pagination="261 - 326" refId="ref7163" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 1995. Silurian retiolitids of the East European Platform. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40: 261 - 326." type="journal article" year="1995">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 33B) and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFF0AF93CB15EAD22" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[131,258,1787,1811]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFF0AF93CB15EAD22" box="[131,258,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BA09A1B436E54AFEF8F93BB1ABAD22" box="[369,503,1787,1811]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Kaliningrad</collectingRegion>
|
||
area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B436E54AFDB5F93BB2CAAD22" box="[572,662,1787,1811]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFEA9F8DCB1FCAD02" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[288,416,1819,1843]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFEA9F8DCB1FCAD02" box="[288,416,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the EEP possesses betterdeveloped ancora umbrella lists (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B436E54AFE5BF8FBB275AD62" box="[466,553,1851,1875]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
), forming an almost complete rim on the ancora. The primary difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFFEFF8BCB0A3ADA2" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[102,255,1915,1939]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFFEFF8BCB0A3ADA2" box="[102,255,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">P. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFEB1F8BCB1E4ADA2" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[312,440,1915,1939]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFEB1F8BCB1E4ADA2" box="[312,440,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lies in the presence of paired apertural processes in the latter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0197CBB436E54AFFEFF9A6B286AC81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173832" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13173832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173832/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" startId="2.[102,135,1638,1657]" targetBox="[116,1471,226,1616]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B436E54AFFEFF9A6B286AC81" blockId="2.[102,1485,1638,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">
|
||
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic relationships among the retiolitids (modified after Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 2001) with synapomorphies, and pictures of species originally included in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFEECF942B2ABACA4" authority="Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[357,759,1666,1685]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFEECF942B1B5ACA4" box="[357,489,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Agastograptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B436E54AFE79F942B2ABACA4" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." box="[496,759,1666,1685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" pagination="103 - 113" refId="ref7681" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. [Zaslavskaa, N.] 1983. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships [in Russian]. In: A. S. Dagys and V. N. Dubatolov (eds.), Morfologia i sistematika bespozvonocnyh fanerozoa, 103 - 113. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva." type="book chapter" year="1983">Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing their position in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFB98F942B4CCACA4" baseAuthorityName="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1041,1168,1666,1685]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFB98F942B4CCACA4" box="[1041,1168,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Plectograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFB15F942B549ACA4" authorityName="Boucek and Munch" authorityYear="1952" box="[1180,1301,1666,1685]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFB15F942B549ACA4" box="[1180,1301,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Spinograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFAABF942B5FCACA4" box="[1314,1440,1666,1685]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Gothograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFAABF942B5FCACA4" box="[1314,1440,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Gothograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFFEFF95EB0AEAC80" baseAuthorityName="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[102,242,1694,1713]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Cometograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFFEFF95EB0AEAC80" box="[102,242,1694,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Cometograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages. Graptolite zonation after Koren' et al. 1995.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B436E54AFFEFF80AB3CFADA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B436E54AFFEFF80AB3CFADA5" blockId="2.[102,774,1994,2018]" lastBlockId="2.[812,1485,1787,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFFEFF80AB09AADD3" box="[102,198,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Material</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D780CCAB436E54AFF6FF80AB1CCADD3" box="[230,400,1994,2018]" count="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" type="generic">Five specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
representing fragments of rhabdosomes come from Baltic erratic boulder 46 from Jarosławiec,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B436E54AFCA5F8DBB320AD02" box="[812,892,1819,1843]" name="Poland" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It co−occurs with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFBCCF8DCB4E6AD02" box="[1093,1210,1819,1843]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="balticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFBCCF8DCB4E6AD02" box="[1093,1210,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">N. balticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFB41F8DCB59AAD02" box="[1224,1478,1819,1843]" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Saetograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="chimaera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFB41F8DCB59AAD02" box="[1224,1478,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Saetograptus chimaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFCA5F8FBB409AD62" baseAuthorityName="Barrande" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[812,1109,1851,1875]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Monograptidae" genus="Bohemograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="bohemicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFCA5F8FBB409AD62" box="[812,1109,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Bohemograptus bohemicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFBEBF8FBB599AD62" box="[1122,1477,1851,1875]" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Neodiversograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="beklemishevi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFBEBF8FBB599AD62" box="[1122,1477,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Neodiversograptus beklemishevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFCA5F89CB447AD42" box="[812,1051,1883,1907]" class="Graptolithina" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Pristiograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="dubius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFCA5F89CB447AD42" box="[812,1051,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Pristiograptus dubius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFBA3F89BB4B2AD42" box="[1066,1262,1883,1907]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Monograptidae" genus="Monoclimacis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFBA3F89BB499AD42" box="[1066,1221,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Monoclimacis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFAA3F89CB323ADA2" class="Pterobranchia" genus="Crinitograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="crinitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFAA3F89CB323ADA2" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Crinitograptus crinitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B436E54BFCA5F86BB0B0AC4B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B436E54BFCA5F86BB0B0AC4B" blockId="2.[812,1485,1962,2018]" lastBlockId="3.[102,775,1505,1658]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFCA5F86BB3F3ADF3" box="[812,943,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFC5BF86BB434ADF3" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[978,1128,1962,1986]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFC5BF86BB434ADF3" box="[978,1128,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">P. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to the Lower Ludlow,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B436E54AFCEDF80AB4A2ADD3" authority="Biozone" authorityName="Biozone (Kozlowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="1995" box="[868,1278,1994,2018]" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Neodiversograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="nilssoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B436E54AFCEDF80AB4C4ADD3" box="[868,1176,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Neodiversograptus nilssoni</emphasis>
|
||
Biozone
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B436E54AFAACF80AB522ADD3" box="[1317,1406,1994,2018]" name="Sweden" pageId="2" pageNumber="461">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B436E54BFA04F80AB080AFC8" author="Tornquist, S. L." lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="2" pageNumber="461" pagination="471 - 492" refId="ref7883" refString="Tornquist, S. L. 1887. Anteckningar de aldre paleozoiska leden i Ost-thuringen och Vogtland. Geologiska Forennigens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 9: 471 - 492." type="journal article" year="1887">Törnquist 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFF66FA21B1C3AFC8" box="[239,415,1505,1529]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFE22FA21B299AFC8" author="Boucek, B. & Munch, A." box="[427,709,1505,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1 - 151" refId="ref6940" refString="Boucek, B. and Munch, A. 1952. Retioliti stredoevropskeho svrniho wenlocku a ludlowu [in Czech, Russian and English]. Sbornik Ustredniho Ustavu Geologickeho 19: 1 - 151." type="journal article" year="1952">Bouček and Münch 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFD47FA22B1E2AC2B" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. & Lenz, A. C. & Storch, P." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="147 - 164" refId="ref7265" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A., Lenz, A. C., and Storch, P. 2001. Upper Wenlock and Lower Ludlow (Silurian), post-extinction graptolites, Vseradice Section, Barrandian area, Czech Republic. Journal of Paleontology 75: 147 - 164." type="journal article" year="2001">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFE5AF9C2B208AC2B" box="[467,596,1538,1562]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Koren' 1991), Arctic
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFF38F9E2B159AC0B" box="[177,261,1570,1594]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFE9AF9E2B1C8AC0B" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[275,404,1570,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref7382" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1993. Late Wenlock and Ludlow (Silurian) Plectograptinae (retiolitid graptolites), Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada. Bulletins of American Paleontology 104: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1993">Lenz, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFE2EF9E2B1A9AC0B" box="[423,501,1570,1594]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFD88F9E2B0FDAC6B" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="261 - 326" refId="ref7163" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 1995. Silurian retiolitids of the East European Platform. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40: 261 - 326." type="journal article" year="1995">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFF3CF982B0A4AC6B" box="[181,248,1602,1626]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFE8FF982B1E7AC6B" author="Lenz, A. C. & X. Chen & Ni, Y-n" box="[262,443,1602,1626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1390 - 1401" refId="ref7527" refString="Lenz, A. C., X. Chen, and Ni, Y-n. 1996. Wenlock, Ludlow and Pridoli? graptolites from Yulin, Guangxi, China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33: 1390 - 1401." type="journal article" year="1996">Lenz et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFE70F982B266AC6B" box="[505,570,1602,1626]" name="Georgia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Iberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFDC1F982B083AC4B" author="Gutierrez-Marco, J. C. & Lenz, A. C. & Robardet, M. & Picarra, J. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="656 - 663" refId="ref6976" refString="Gutierrez-Marco, J. C., Lenz, A. C., Robardet, M., and Picarra, J. M. 1996. Wenlock - Ludlow graptolite biostratigraphy and extinction: a reassessment from the southwestern Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33: 656 - 663." type="journal article" year="1996">Gutiérrez−Marco et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |