365 lines
33 KiB
XML
365 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7353098" ID-ISBN="1-56098-217-9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7353098" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" checkinTime="1667534070963" checkinUser="GgServerImporter" docAuthor="Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton" docDate="1993" docId="03D087AEFFBAFFF6FF050D22FBA3FB7D" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.1993.Muridae.501-755.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press" docTitle="Arvicanthis niloticus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="578" masterDocId="FFE9FFD6FFF6FFBBFFF30B06FF93FFF3" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="755" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="577" updateTime="1669256938330" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Guy G. Musser</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Michael D. Carleton</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1993</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher>Smithsonian Institution Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Washington and London</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>DeeAnn M. Reeder</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>501</mods:start>
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<mods:end>755</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7353098</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">1-56098-217-9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7353098</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7283665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7283665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087AEFFBAFFF6FF050D22FBA3FB7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087AEFFBAFFF6FF050D22FBA3FB7D" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" rank="subGenus">
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<subSubSection box="[246,1616,1572,1610]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[246,1863,1572,2744]" box="[246,1616,1572,1610]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<treatmentCitation author="Desmarest" authority="(Desmarest, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[246,1604,1572,1610]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" journal="Mammalogie in Encyclop. Meth." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="281" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus" title="Arvicanthis niloticus" volume="2" year="1822">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Desmarest, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[246,911,1572,1610]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
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<emphasis box="[246,589,1572,1610]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Arvicanthis niloticus</emphasis>
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(Desmarest, 1822)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibCitation author="Desmarest" box="[936,1604,1572,1610]" journal="Mammalogie in Encyclop. Meth." pageId="76" pageNumber="577" pagination="281" title="Arvicanthis niloticus" volume="2" year="1822">
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Mammalogie
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<emphasis box="[1172,1202,1572,1610]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">in</emphasis>
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Encyclop. Méth., 2:281
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[288,643,1615,1652]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[246,1863,1572,2744]" box="[288,643,1615,1652]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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TYPE LOCALITY:
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<materialsCitation box="[534,634,1615,1652]" country="Egypt" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<collectingCountry box="[534,634,1615,1652]" name="Egypt" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="577" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[246,1863,1572,2744]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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DISTRIBUTION: Specimens we examined were from S
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<collectingCountry box="[1165,1359,1655,1694]" name="Mauritania" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1378,1513,1655,1694]" name="Senegal" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[1609,1743,1655,1694]" name="Gambia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Gambia</collectingCountry>
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east through
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<collectingCountry box="[521,740,1697,1736]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[761,965,1697,1736]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[984,1099,1697,1736]" name="Ghana" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1119,1346,1697,1736]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1365,1452,1697,1736]" name="Togo" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Togo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1472,1573,1697,1736]" name="Benin" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Benin</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1592,1726,1697,1736]" name="Nigeria" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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, S Niger, S Chad, Sudan, and Egypt to the western half of
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<collectingCountry box="[1333,1475,1739,1778]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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(to and in the Rift Valley); south through NE
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<collectingCountry box="[837,929,1780,1819]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Zaire</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[949,1085,1780,1819]" name="Uganda" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry box="[1137,1280,1780,1819]" name="Burundi" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1301,1407,1780,1819]" name="Kenya" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1495,1650,1780,1819]" name="Tanzania" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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west of the Rift Valley, into E Zamibia, where the population is isolated from the nearest one, which is in SW
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<collectingCountry box="[642,795,1865,1904]" name="Tanzania" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Ansell, W. F. H." box="[823,1039,1865,1904]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref11178" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1978. The mammals of Zambia. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Chilanga, 126 pp." year="1978">Ansell, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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); there is a record from N
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<collectingCountry box="[1501,1630,1865,1904]" name="Malawi" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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(1 skull only, living animals never found;
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<bibRefCitation author="Ansell, W. F. H. & R. J. Dowsett" box="[957,1400,1908,1947]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref11419" refString="Ansell, W. F. H., and R. J. Dowsett. 1988. Mammals of Malawi: An annotated check list and atlas. Trendrine Press, Zennor, St. Ives, United Kingdom, 170 pp." year="1988">Ansell and Dowsett, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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); and the species occurs in SW Arabia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="577" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[246,1863,1572,2744]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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SYNONYMS:
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<emphasis box="[471,1831,1994,2032]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[471,610,1994,2032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">ansorgei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1906" box="[629,771,1994,2032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">centralis</taxonomicName>
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, centrosus,
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<taxonomicName box="[965,1147,1994,2032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">dembeensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1166,1294,1994,2032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discolor">discolor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1911" box="[1310,1423,1994,2032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jebelae">jebelae</taxonomicName>
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, kordofanensis, luctosus,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[372,723,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="variegatus" variety="major">
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<emphasis box="[372,541,2035,2073]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">variegatus</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[632,723,2035,2073]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis box="[723,879,2035,2073]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1910" box="[744,872,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mearnsi">mearnsi</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[893,1246,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="variegatus" variety="minor">
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<emphasis box="[893,1060,2035,2073]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">variegatus</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[1152,1246,2035,2073]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[1267,1388,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">mordax</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1410,1551,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muansae">muansae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Musser" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1572,1646,2035,2073]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naso">naso</taxonomicName>
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, nubilans,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1906" box="[372,565,2077,2115]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">occidentalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osgood" authorityYear="1910" box="[584,729,2077,2115]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochropus">ochropus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[749,893,2077,2115]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelliceus">pelliceus</taxonomicName>
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, raffertyi, reichardi, rhodesiae, rossii,
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<taxonomicName box="[1519,1678,2077,2115]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubescens">rubescens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1698,1817,2077,2115]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">rufinus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1905" box="[372,491,2120,2157]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="setosus">setosus</taxonomicName>
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, solatus, tenebrosus,
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<taxonomicName box="[841,1019,2120,2157]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="testicularis">testicularis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1044,1216,2120,2157]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">variegatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1915" box="[1236,1349,2120,2157]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zaphiri">zaphiri</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[246,1863,1572,2744]" lastBlockId="77.[391,1880,292,1166]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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COMMENTS: We include
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<emphasis box="[679,867,2160,2199]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<taxonomicName box="[679,861,2160,2199]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">dembeensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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which has been recognized as a distinct species occurring in
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<collectingCountry box="[597,739,2203,2240]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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and nearby regions (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" box="[1108,1427,2203,2240]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Demeter, A." box="[1448,1698,2203,2240]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref80725" refString="Demeter, A. 1983. Taxonomical notes on Arvicanthis (Mammalia: Muridae) from the Ethiopian Rift Valley). Pp. 129 - 136, in Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on the Ecology and Taxonomy of African Small Mammals (E. Van der Straeten, W. N. Verheyen, and F. De Vree, eds.). Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren-Belgique, ser. 8 (Sciences Zoologiques), 237: 1 - 227." year="1983">Demeter, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[372,642,2243,2282]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref353297" refString="Thomas, O. 1910 b. Further new African Mammalia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 5: 282 - 285." year="1910">Thomas (1910b)</bibRefCitation>
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had once associated
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<taxonomicName box="[1012,1189,2243,2282]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
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<emphasis box="[1012,1189,2243,2282]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">dembeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<emphasis box="[1292,1472,2243,2282]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[1292,1467,2243,2282]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Desmomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Desmomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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noting that it had already been referred to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Musser and Newcomb" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[799,874,2286,2324]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis box="[893,1406,2286,2324]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[893,1086,2286,2324]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Arvicanthis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[1106,1244,2286,2324]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Golunda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Golunda</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" box="[1264,1401,2286,2324]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pelomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1496,1653,2286,2324]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" box="[1496,1642,2286,2324]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Oenomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Oenomys</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Later, however,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[541,810,2327,2365]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref355446" refString="Thomas, O. 1928 a. Some rarities from Abyssinia, with the description of a new mole-rat (Tachyoryctes), and a new Arvicanthis. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 1: 302 - 304." year="1928">Thomas (1928a)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
referred
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[975,1152,2327,2365]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
|
<emphasis box="[975,1152,2327,2365]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to
|
|
<emphasis box="[1209,1409,2327,2365]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[1209,1403,2327,2365]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Arvicanthis</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
a view confirmed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Osgood, W. H." box="[372,621,2369,2408]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref269005" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256." year="1936">Osgood (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and reinforced by Dieterlen (1974). The name
|
|
<emphasis box="[1434,1599,2369,2408]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">lacernatus</emphasis>
|
|
was once used in place of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[565,743,2411,2450]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dembeensis">
|
|
<emphasis box="[565,743,2411,2450]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for the Ethiopian samples of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[1257,1446,2411,2450]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1257,1446,2411,2450]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Allen, G. M." box="[1475,1672,2411,2450]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref4894" refString="Allen, G. M. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83: 1 - 763." year="1939">Allen, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Osgood, W. H." box="[688,919,2453,2492]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref269005" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256." year="1936">Osgood, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) but cranium of the
|
|
<typeStatus box="[1280,1431,2453,2492]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
is an example of
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(Yalden et al., 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Yalden" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[371,874,2496,2534]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[371,520,2496,2534]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Meriones</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" box="[547,868,2496,2534]" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis box="[899,1278,2496,2534]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Arvicanthis dembeensis</emphasis>
|
|
was thought to be a separate species because Ethiopian samples were originally contrasted by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" pageId="76" pageNumber="577" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, under the name
|
|
<emphasis box="[772,950,2579,2617]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">lacernatus)</emphasis>
|
|
with
|
|
<emphasis box="[1052,1245,2579,2617]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">abyssinicus,</emphasis>
|
|
which they treated as a subspecies of
|
|
<emphasis box="[418,617,2620,2660]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">A. niloticus.</emphasis>
|
|
However,
|
|
<emphasis box="[807,990,2620,2660]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
|
is a distinctive species related to
|
|
<emphasis box="[1580,1717,2620,2660]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">A. blicki</emphasis>
|
|
and not to
|
|
<emphasis box="[417,615,2661,2700]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">A. niloticus.</emphasis>
|
|
We observed that the diagnostic features attributed to
|
|
<emphasis box="[1574,1753,2661,2700]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
|
also described samples of
|
|
<emphasis box="[748,936,2703,2744]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
from throughout Africa west and south of
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1689,1832,2703,2744]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="76" pageNumber="577">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
. Sympatry with other species of
|
|
<emphasis box="[981,1169,292,330]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
has been recorded at several places in
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[393,525,334,372]" name="Uganda" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Delany, M. J." box="[553,777,334,372]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref79476" refString="Delany, M. J. 1975. The rodents of Uganda. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 165 pp." year="1975">Delany, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Dollman, G." box="[799,1048,334,372]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hollister, N." box="[1069,1326,334,372]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref157105" refString="Hollister, N. 1919. East African mammals in the United States National Museum. Part II. Rodentia, Lagomorpha, and Tubulidentata. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 99 (2): 1 - 184." year="1919">Hollister, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), but we cannot distinguish two kinds at the localities. The only verifiable sympatry is between the large-bodied
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
and the small-bodied
|
|
<emphasis box="[921,1124,418,456]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. somalicus</emphasis>
|
|
in the Rift Valley of
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1488,1629,418,456]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
<emphasis box="[1645,1797,418,456]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">(niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
was recorded as either
|
|
<emphasis box="[716,893,460,496]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">dembeensis</emphasis>
|
|
or
|
|
<emphasis box="[954,1128,460,496]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">lacernatus;</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" box="[1142,1568,460,496]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Demeter, A." box="[1589,1835,460,496]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref80725" refString="Demeter, A. 1983. Taxonomical notes on Arvicanthis (Mammalia: Muridae) from the Ethiopian Rift Valley). Pp. 129 - 136, in Proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on the Ecology and Taxonomy of African Small Mammals (E. Van der Straeten, W. N. Verheyen, and F. De Vree, eds.). Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren-Belgique, ser. 8 (Sciences Zoologiques), 237: 1 - 227." year="1983">Demeter, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and in the Mawele region (Mwanasomano's,
|
|
<quantity box="[1169,1262,501,539]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" unit="mi" value="30.0">30 mi</quantity>
|
|
S
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[1306,1424,501,539]" country="Tanzania" name="Tabora" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Tabora</collectingRegion>
|
|
) In C
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1535,1693,501,539]" name="Tanzania" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
|
(documented by specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard). Allopatry or parapatry, however, is usual. In
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1183,1329,585,623]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis box="[1349,1537,585,623]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
occurs up to about
|
|
<quantity box="[392,508,625,663]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft</quantity>
|
|
and is replaced at higher elevations by
|
|
<emphasis box="[1199,1431,625,663]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. abyssiniens</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[1519,1655,625,663]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. blicki</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Rupp, H." pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref312607" refString="Rupp, H. 1980. Beitrage zur Systematik, Verbreitung und Okologie athiopischer Nagetiere. Ergebnisse mehrerer Forschungsreisen. Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 28 (2): 81 - 123." year="1980">Rupp, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yalden, D. W. & M. J. Largen & D. Kock" box="[493,816,667,705]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref397218" refString="Yalden, D. W., M. J. Largen, and D. Kock. 1976. Catalogue of the mammals of Ethiopia. 2. Insectivora and Rodentia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 8 (1): 1 - 118." year="1976">Yalden et al., 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|
); in
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[893,997,667,705]" name="Kenya" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1086,1246,667,705]" name="Tanzania" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis box="[1265,1453,667,705]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
ranges west of the E Rift Valley and is allopatric with
|
|
<emphasis box="[967,1160,710,748]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. nairobae,</emphasis>
|
|
found in and east of the Rift.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="77.[391,1880,292,1166]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">
|
|
Our definition of
|
|
<emphasis box="[738,925,751,789]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
is unsatisfactory. There is appreciable intra- and interpopulational variation in body size, pelage coloration, and cytological and biochemical traits, and the significance of this variation should be assessed by a critical systematic revision; more than one species may be present in the complex, as suggested by morphometric (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Rousseau, M." box="[898,1165,919,957]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref311222" refString="Rousseau, M. 1983. Etude des Arvicanthis du Museum de Paris par analyses factorielles (Rongeurs, Murides). Mammalia, 47: 525 - 542." year="1983">Rousseau, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), chromosomal (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Viegas-Pequignot, E. & B. Dutrillaux & M. Prod'Homme & F. Petter" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref372100" refString="Viegas-Pequignot, E., B. Dutrillaux, M. Prod'Homme, and F. Petter. 1983. Chromosomal phylogeny of Muridae: A study of 10 genera. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 35: 269 - 278." year="1983">Viegas-Pequignot et al., 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & F. Petter & B. Dutrillaux" box="[493,876,962,999]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref375738" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, F. Petter, and B. Dutrillaux. 1987. Karyotypic diversity and taxonomic problems in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). Genetica, 72: 147 - 150." year="1987">Volobouev et al., 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and electrophoretic (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kaminski, M. & M. Rousseau & F. Petter" box="[1263,1620,962,999]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref179566" refString="Kaminski, M., M. Rousseau, and F. Petter. 1984. Electrophoretic studies on blood proteins of Arvicanthis niloticus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 12: 215 - 224." year="1984">Kaminski et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) analyses. Furthermore,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Corbet, G. B." box="[631,862,1002,1040]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref67665" refString="Corbet, G. B. 1984. The mammals of the Palearctic region: A taxonomic review. Supplement. British Museum (Natural History), London, 45 pp." year="1984">Corbet (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
questioned including the Arabian
|
|
<emphasis box="[1467,1536,1002,1040]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">naso</emphasis>
|
|
with
|
|
<emphasis box="[1637,1837,1002,1040]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus.</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Capanna, E. & M. V. Civitelli" box="[391,886,1044,1082]" pageId="77" pageNumber="578" refId="ref50588" refString="Capanna, E., and M. V. Civitelli. 1988. A cytotaxonomic approach of the systematics of Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmarest 1822) (Mammalia, Rodentia). Tropical Zoology, 1: 29 - 37." year="1988">Capanna and Civitelli (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
recorded a karyotype with 2N=44 from a sample they identified as
|
|
<emphasis box="[618,805,1085,1124]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[913,1052,1085,1124]" name="Somalia" pageId="77" pageNumber="578">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
|
; this contrasts with the range of 56-62 usually reported among samples of the species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |