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<mods:title id="376F6C8C0E29EEBC0214C9031A189404">The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C37C65012C08095FFF1DF9D6FDA9722E" box="[151,531,1590,1617]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF9D6FDA9722E" blockId="26.[151,531,1590,1659]" box="[151,531,1590,1617]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<heading id="D09181E62C08095FFF1DF9D6FDA9722E" bold="true" box="[151,531,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C08095FFF1DF9D6FDA9722E" ID-CoL="ea1143df-0dc0-4518-a27c-869719ccd66d" authority="Dujardin, 1837" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,531,1590,1617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF1DF9D6FDA9722E" bold="true" box="[151,531,1590,1617]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF1DF9D6FF5A722F" bold="true" box="[151,224,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nerita</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFE81F9D7FEED722E" bold="true" box="[267,343,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">funata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFED4F9D7FDA9722E" author="Dujardin, F." box="[350,531,1590,1616]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="211 - 311" refId="ref101168" refString="Dujardin, F. (1837) Memoire sur les couches du sol en Touraine et description des coquilles de la craie et des faluns. Meimoire de la Socieitei Geiologique de la France, 2, 211 - 311." type="journal article" year="1837">Dujardin, 1837</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37C65012C08095FFF1DF9BAFD0F72C9" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF9BAFE9D7205" blockId="26.[151,531,1590,1659]" box="[151,295,1627,1659]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<figureCitation id="135D2A0F2C08095FFF1DF9BAFEA5720B" box="[151,287,1627,1659]" captionStart="PLATE 1" captionStartId="138.[151,234,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@138.[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="PLATE 1. A. Danilia pterostomus (Bronn, 1861), height 5.0 mm, width 4.0 mm, Forno da Cré (figure taken from Bronn in Hartung, 1861, pl. 19, fig. 2). B1-B2. Emarginula octaviana Coen, 1939, DBUA-F 487-1, height 1.8 mm, diameter 3.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. C. Bolma cf. rugosa (Linné, 1767), DBUA-F 471-3, diameter 4.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. D1-D5. Turbo hartungi Bronn 1861, DBUA-F 1295-1, height 9.0 mm, width 8.0 mm, Malbusca (east cave). E1-E3. Nerita cf. funata Dujardin, 1837, DBUA-F 917-1, height 4.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. F1-F2. Thericium crenulosum (Bronn, 1862), height 10.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta do Norte lighthouse, LNEG collection (unnumbered). G1-G2. Thericium hartungi (Mayer, 1862), height 29.0 mm, width 13.0 mm, Pinheiros (figure taken from Bronn in Reiss, 1862, pl. 1, fig. 11). H1-H2. Thericium incultum (Mayer, 1862), DBUA-F 1034-2, height 23.0 mm, width 10.0 mm, Macela viewpoint. I1-I2. Thericium incultum (Mayer, 1862), DBUA-F 1027-1, height 29.0 mm, width 11.0 mm, Malbusca II. J1-J2, K1-K2. Bittium miradouroense nov. sp., Holotype DBUAF 1034-5, height 6.8 mm, width 1.9 mm (J); Paratype DBUA-F 1034-6(1), height 5.3 mm, width 1.9 mm (K), Macela viewpoint. L1-L2, M1-M2. Bittium nov. sp., DBUA-F 488-2, height 4.5 mm, width 1.8 mm (L), height 4.2 mm, width 1.7 mm (M), Ponta do Castelo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965287" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7965287/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Plate 1 E
<subScript id="17E234CF2C08095FFF76F98CFEBE7205" attach="left" box="[252,260,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">1</subScript>
-E
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="135D2A0F2C08095FFE95F98CFE9D7205" box="[287,295,1645,1659]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="142.[151,234,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-24@142.[203,1385,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="142" captionText="PLATE 3. A. A1-A2. Alvania mediolittoralis Gofas, 1989, DBUA-F 962-2, height 2.1 mm, width 1.2 mm, Ponta do Castelo. B. Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987), DBUA-F 471-4, height 2.0 mm, width 1.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. C1-C2. Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987), DBUA-F 962-3, height 3.2 mm, width 1.8 mm, Ponta do Castelo. D1-D3. Rissoina pusilla (Brocchi, 1814), DBUA-F 488-1, height 5.2 mm, width 2.1 mm, Ponta do Castelo. E1-E3. Macromphalina depressa (Boettger, 1907), DBUA-F 1023-3, height height 1.0 mm, width 1.8 mm, Ponta do Castelo. F. Calyptraea chinensis (Linnaeus, 1758), DBUA-F 926-1, diameter 18.0 mm, Malbusca 2. G1-G2. Schilderia utriculata (Lamarck, 1810), height 24.0 mm, width 15.0 mm, unknown locality, LNEG collection (unnumbered). H1-H3. Erato mayeri nov. sp., Holotype DBUA-F 1189-C, height 7.7 mm, width 5.3 mm, Pedra-que-pica. I1-I3. Erato mayeri nov. sp., Paratype DBUA-F 1291-1, height 8.9 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta dos Frades. J1-J4. Pseudopusula parcicosta (Bronn, 1862), DBUA-F 469-1, height 9.0 mm, width 6.5 mm, Ponta do Castelo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7965293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7965293/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<subScript id="17E234CF2C08095FFE95F98CFE9D7205" attach="left" box="[287,295,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">3</subScript>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF97EFD0F72C9" blockId="26.[151,938,1695,1811]" box="[151,693,1695,1719]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
cf. *
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C08095FFF4EF941FDA172C9" authority="Dujardin 1837: 281" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="1837" box="[196,539,1695,1719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF4EF941FEF672C9" box="[196,332,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nerita funata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFED8F97EFDA172C9" author="Dujardin, F." box="[338,539,1695,1719]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="211 - 311" refId="ref101168" refString="Dujardin, F. (1837) Memoire sur les couches du sol en Touraine et description des coquilles de la craie et des faluns. Meimoire de la Socieitei Geiologique de la France, 2, 211 - 311." type="journal article" year="1837">Dujardin 1837: 281</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 19, fig. 14.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C08095FFF1DF95FFC10736D" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF95FFD2E72A8" blockId="26.[151,938,1695,1811]" box="[151,660,1726,1750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7611A42C08095FFF1DF95FFD2E72A8" box="[151,660,1726,1750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C08095FFF23F95FFEC672AB" ID-CoL="7P9RC" authority="Plutonis Bast." authorityName="Plutonis Bast." box="[169,380,1726,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF23F95FFEFE72A8" box="[169,324,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nerita Plutonis</emphasis>
Bast.
</taxonomicName>
—Bronn in
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7109B2C08095FFE7DF95FFD2A72A8" author="Reiss, W." box="[503,656,1726,1750]" page="33" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1862">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFE7DF95FFD2A72A8" author="Reiss, W." box="[503,656,1726,1750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref122153" refString="Reiss, W. (1862) Mittheilungen u ¨ ber die tertia ¨ ren Schichten von Santa Maria, der su ¨ dlichsten der Azoren, und ihre organischen Einschlu ¨ sse. Nebst Beschreibung dieser letzten und Abbildung der neuen Arten, von H. G. Bronn. Neues Jahrbuch fu ¨ r Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefactunkunde, 1862, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1862">Reiss 1862: 33</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF93CFDDC728B" blockId="26.[151,938,1695,1811]" box="[151,614,1756,1781]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7611A42C08095FFF1DF93CFDDC728B" box="[151,614,1756,1781]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C08095FFF23F93CFEC6728B" ID-CoL="7P9RC" authority="Plutonis Bast." authorityName="Plutonis Bast." box="[169,380,1756,1781]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF23F93CFEFE728A" box="[169,324,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nerita Plutonis</emphasis>
Bast.
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AC7109B2C08095FFE1FF93CFD81728A" author="Mayer, K." box="[405,571,1756,1781]" page="63" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1864">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFE1FF93CFD81728A" author="Mayer, K." box="[405,571,1756,1781]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref114600" refString="Mayer, K. (1864). Die Tertiar-fauna der Azoren und Madeiren. Zurich, published by the author. Z ¸ rich: vi + 107 pp. + 7 pls." type="book" year="1864">Mayer 1864: 63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 93.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF91AFC10736D" blockId="26.[151,938,1695,1811]" box="[151,938,1787,1811]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
cf.
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C08095FFF32F91DFDDE736D" ID-CoL="ea1143df-0dc0-4518-a27c-869719ccd66d" authority="Dujardin, 1837" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1837" box="[184,612,1787,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata" subGenus="Theliostyla">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF32F91DFF43736D" box="[184,249,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Nerita</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFE8DF91AFEC2736D" box="[263,376,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Theliostyla</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFE0CF91AFE7D736D" box="[390,455,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">funata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFE47F91AFDDE736D" author="Dujardin, F." box="[461,612,1787,1811]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="211 - 311" refId="ref101168" refString="Dujardin, F. (1837) Memoire sur les couches du sol en Touraine et description des coquilles de la craie et des faluns. Meimoire de la Socieitei Geiologique de la France, 2, 211 - 311." type="journal article" year="1837">Dujardin, 1837</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C08095FFDF5F91AFC90736D" author="Glibert, M." box="[639,810,1787,1811]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 240" refId="ref104902" refString="Glibert, M. (1949) Gastropodes du Miocene moyen du Bassin de la Loire. 1. Memoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 2 (30), 1 - 240." type="journal article" year="1949">Glibert 1949: 69</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 4, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C08095FFF1DF8A0FCF67301" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF1DF8A0FCF67301" blockId="26.[151,1436,1857,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF1DF8A0FDA37325" bold="true" box="[151,537,1857,1883]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Santa Maria material examined.</emphasis>
Maximum height 4.0 mm, width 6.0 mm.
<collectionCode id="ED77AE4F2C08095FFC79F8A3FBE17322" box="[1011,1115,1858,1884]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">DBUA-F</collectionCode>
917-1 (1), Ponta do Castelo, Santa Maria Island,
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C08095FFEFDF887FE7373FE" box="[375,457,1894,1920]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Azores</collectingRegion>
, Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C08095FFF4DF868FB9E73B9" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C08095FFF4DF868FB9E73B9" blockId="26.[151,1436,1857,1992]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C08095FFF4DF868FEE373DD" bold="true" box="[199,345,1929,1955]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description.</emphasis>
Apical fragment with completely flattened spire. Teleoconch bearing about 22 subequal rounded ribs, slightly narrower than their interspaces, shoulder cord slightly strengthened.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C09095EFF4DFF77FF4D768F" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C09095EFF4DFF77FA36751B" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF4DFF77FEF674CE" bold="true" box="[199,332,150,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Discussion.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFED3FF76FD9274CF" author="Mayer, K." box="[345,552,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref114600" refString="Mayer, K. (1864). Die Tertiar-fauna der Azoren und Madeiren. Zurich, published by the author. Z ¸ rich: vi + 107 pp. + 7 pls." type="book" year="1864">Mayer (1864: 63)</bibRefCitation>
recorded
<specimenCount id="9D60FD032C09095EFD29FF76FCF574CF" box="[675,847,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
from Bocca do Cré (= Cré), Santa Maria Island, without indicating their size. The Azorean material is very incomplete, but clearly represents a
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFB50FF5AFAC674AB" box="[1242,1404,187,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFB50FF5AFA9874AA" box="[1242,1314,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
of the
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF4BFF3EFE877487" box="[193,317,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Theliostyla</emphasis>
M̂rch, 1852 group. Two species occurred along the French Atlantic Frontage during the Miocene.
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFF1DFEE2FDB47563" authority="de Basterot, 1825" authorityName="de Basterot" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,526,258,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plutonis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF1DFEE2FEFA7563" box="[151,320,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita plutonis</emphasis>
de
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFEE2FEE2FDB47563" author="Basterot, B. de" box="[360,526,258,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref93076" refString="Basterot, B. de (1825) Meimoire geiologique sur les environs de Bordeaux. PremieIre partie, comprenant les observations geineirales sur les mollusques fossiles, et la description particulieIre de ceux qu'on rencontre dans ce bassin. Tastu, J., Paris, 100 pp. [reprinted from Meimoires de la Socieitei d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 2, 1 - 100]" type="book chapter" year="1825">Basterot, 1825</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Lower Miocene, has relatively coarse cords of irregular strength and
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFA09FEE2FE2F753F" authority="Dujardin, 1837" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1837" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFA09FEE2FF65753F" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. funata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFF6DFEC6FE2F753F" author="Dujardin, F." box="[231,405,295,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="211 - 311" refId="ref101168" refString="Dujardin, F. (1837) Memoire sur les couches du sol en Touraine et description des coquilles de la craie et des faluns. Meimoire de la Socieitei Geiologique de la France, 2, 211 - 311." type="journal article" year="1837">Dujardin, 1837</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Middle Miocene, has finer, subequal cords.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFC74FEC6FAA1753F" author="Lozouet, P. &amp; Lesport, J. F. &amp; Renard, P." box="[1022,1307,295,321]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 189" refId="ref113138" refString="Lozouet, P., Lesport, J. F. &amp; Renard, P. (2001) Revision des Gastropoda (Mollusca) du stratotype de l'Aquitanien (Miocene inf.): site de Saucats ' Lariey', Gironde, France. Cossmanniana, 3, 1 - 189." type="journal article" year="2001">
Lozouet
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFBE8FEC6FB2F753F" box="[1122,1173,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. (2001: 20)
</bibRefCitation>
considered the Lower Miocene records of
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFE7BFEAAFDE0751B" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1837" box="[497,602,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFE7BFEAAFDE0751B" box="[497,602,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. funata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Cossmann &amp; Peyrot (1917: pl. 7, figs. 77-82) to represent
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFA80FEAAFA3E751B" authorityName="de Basterot" authorityYear="1825" box="[1290,1412,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plutonis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFA80FEAAFA3E751B" box="[1290,1412,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. plutonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C09095EFF4DFE8EFD6C758B" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
The fragment at hand from Santa Maria Island, has numerous subequal ribs more closely similar to those seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFF39FE72FEA175D3" authorityName="Dujardin" authorityYear="1837" box="[179,283,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF39FE72FEA175D3" box="[179,283,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. funata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFEDDFE72FE6B75D3" authorityName="de Basterot" authorityYear="1825" box="[343,465,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plutonis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFEDDFE72FE6B75D3" box="[343,465,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. plutonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, we hesitate to make a definitive identification based on this very incomplete specimen. The historical Azorean specimens identified by Bronn in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFC1DFE56FBE875AF" author="Reiss, W." box="[919,1106,439,465]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref122153" refString="Reiss, W. (1862) Mittheilungen u ¨ ber die tertia ¨ ren Schichten von Santa Maria, der su ¨ dlichsten der Azoren, und ihre organischen Einschlu ¨ sse. Nebst Beschreibung dieser letzten und Abbildung der neuen Arten, von H. G. Bronn. Neues Jahrbuch fu ¨ r Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefactunkunde, 1862, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1862">Reiss (1862: 33)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFB01FE56FAF175AF" author="Mayer, K." box="[1163,1355,439,465]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref114600" refString="Mayer, K. (1864). Die Tertiar-fauna der Azoren und Madeiren. Zurich, published by the author. Z ¸ rich: vi + 107 pp. + 7 pls." type="book" year="1864">Mayer (1864: 63</bibRefCitation>
, 93) as
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFF1DFE3AFEA8758B" authorityName="de Basterot" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,274,475,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plutonis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF1DFE3AFEA8758B" box="[151,274,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. plutonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are likely to represent the same species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C09095EFF4DFE1EFF4D768F" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
This group of
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFEE5FE1EFDA87667" box="[367,530,511,537]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFEE5FE1EFE0D7666" box="[367,439,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
with spiral cords is not represented in the Pliocene Mediterranean. Today, the group is represented in the eastern Atlantic by
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFD23FDC2FC477643" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[681,1021,547,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFD23FDC2FCE27643" box="[681,856,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">N. senegalensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFCEAFDC2FC477643" author="Gmelin, J. F." box="[864,1021,547,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="3021 - 4120" refId="ref105152" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Caroli a Linnei systema natura per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, disserentis, synonymis, locis etc. Editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata, cura J. F. Gmelin. 1 (6). Vermes testacea. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, pp. 3021 - 4120." type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, distributed from the
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C09095EFB79FDC2FACC7643" box="[1267,1398,547,573]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cabo Verde</collectingCountry>
Islands to
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C09095EFF7DFDA6FEF6761F" box="[247,332,583,609]" name="Angola" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Angola</collectingCountry>
, whereas in the western Atlantic a total of five species are reported, four of them from
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C09095EFAA5FDA6FA23761F" box="[1327,1433,583,609]" name="Bermuda" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFDD5FD8AFC7976FB" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[607,963,619,645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fulgurans">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFDD5FD8AFCA076FB" box="[607,794,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita fulgurans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFCAEFD8AFC7976FB" author="Gmelin, J. F." box="[804,963,619,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="3021 - 4120" refId="ref105152" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Caroli a Linnei systema natura per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, disserentis, synonymis, locis etc. Editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata, cura J. F. Gmelin. 1 (6). Vermes testacea. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, pp. 3021 - 4120." type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFC5AFD8AFAFD76FB" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[976,1351,618,645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peloronta">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFC5AFD8AFB3776FB" box="[976,1165,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita peloronta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFB1FFD8AFAFD76FB" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1173,1351,618,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref112867" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 1. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFADFFD8AFE1C76D7" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tessellata">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFADFFD8AFEBB76D7" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita tessellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFE83FD6EFE1C76D7" author="Gmelin, J. F." box="[265,422,655,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="3021 - 4120" refId="ref105152" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Caroli a Linnei systema natura per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, disserentis, synonymis, locis etc. Editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata, cura J. F. Gmelin. 1 (6). Vermes testacea. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, pp. 3021 - 4120." type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFE69FD6EFCF376D7" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[483,841,655,681]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="versicolor">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFE69FD6EFD1E76D7" box="[483,676,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita versicolor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFD26FD6EFCF376D7" author="Gmelin, J. F." box="[684,841,655,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="3021 - 4120" refId="ref105152" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Caroli a Linnei systema natura per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, disserentis, synonymis, locis etc. Editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata, cura J. F. Gmelin. 1 (6). Vermes testacea. G. E. Beer, Lipsiae, pp. 3021 - 4120." type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), and one species endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F371761A2C09095EFB11FD6EFB6576D7" box="[1179,1247,655,681]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFB7BFD6EFE3E76B3" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chlorostoma">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFB7BFD6EFF7576B2" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita chlorostoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFF5CFD52FE3E76B3" author="Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de" box="[214,388,691,717]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref110635" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de M. (1816) TTableau encyclope´dique et me´thodique des trois re`gnes de la nature ..., 23. Mollusques et polypes divers. Liste des objets repre´sente´s dans les planches de cette livraison. Veuve Agasse, Paris, 16 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C664D092C09095EFE1DFD52FDC976B3" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[407,627,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFE1DFD52FDC976B3" box="[407,627,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nerita senegalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having flattened cords of irregular width, separated by narrow grooves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C65012C09095EFF4DFD1BFF5C7747" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD9368A2C09095EFF4DFD1BFF5C7747" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B912EA982C09095EFF4DFD1BFEDB776A" bold="true" box="[199,353,762,788]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island,
<collectingRegion id="49A2F8682C09095EFCE5FD1AFC04776B" box="[879,958,763,789]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Azores</collectingRegion>
(?Bronn in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFBCFFD1AFB7E776B" author="Reiss, W." box="[1093,1220,763,789]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref122153" refString="Reiss, W. (1862) Mittheilungen u ¨ ber die tertia ¨ ren Schichten von Santa Maria, der su ¨ dlichsten der Azoren, und ihre organischen Einschlu ¨ sse. Nebst Beschreibung dieser letzten und Abbildung der neuen Arten, von H. G. Bronn. Neues Jahrbuch fu ¨ r Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefactunkunde, 1862, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1862">Reiss 1862</bibRefCitation>
;?
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B7B2C09095EFB50FD1AFAD2776B" author="Mayer, K." box="[1242,1384,763,789]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref114600" refString="Mayer, K. (1864). Die Tertiar-fauna der Azoren und Madeiren. Zurich, published by the author. Z ¸ rich: vi + 107 pp. + 7 pls." type="book" year="1864">Mayer 1864</bibRefCitation>
; this paper).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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