325 lines
35 KiB
XML
325 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.14" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7744538" ID-ZooBank="3955F173-2E65-46FC-8A40-200536DAABE8" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="2" checkinTime="1679050644143" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aspe, Nonillon M. & Obusan, Marie Christine M." docDate="2023" docId="03C99415FFD81766FF62376AFB41FAB8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5255.1.14.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5255 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.14" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Metaphire bahli Gates 1945" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="FFF0EC6DFFDD1760FFF53428FF85F849" masterDocTitle="Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="106" updateTime="1679051055739" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aspe, Nonillon M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Marine and Allied Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan 9023, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Obusan, Marie Christine M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5255</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:end>112</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.14</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.14</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7744538</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3955F173-2E65-46FC-8A40-200536DAABE8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744542" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7744542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C99415FFD81766FF62376AFB41FAB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C99415FFD81766FF62376AFB41FAB8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<subSubSection box="[151,499,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,499,834,896]" box="[151,499,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,499,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Gates, 1945" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,499,834,861]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,499,834,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,346,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Metaphire bahli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gates, G. E." box="[353,499,834,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="69 - 90" refId="ref8002" refString="Gates, G. E. (1945) On some earthworms from Ceylon II. Spolia Zeylanica, 24, 69 - 90." type="journal article" year="1945">Gates, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,269,870,896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,499,834,896]" box="[151,269,870,896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,269,870,896]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,269,870,896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[159,261,870,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,1065,1518]" captionTargetId="figure-264@5.[160,1427,1065,1518]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Metaphire bahli. (A) Male pores (mp) area showing the genital markings (gmg). (B) Spermathecae. (C) Prostate gland (p) showing the genital marking glands (gmg). Scale bar: 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744544/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1436,942,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,385,942,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation box="[393,635,942,969]" collectionCode="PNM" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" specimenCode="PNM 4651" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-adult="3">
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<specimenCount box="[393,482,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="adult">3 adults</specimenCount>
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(
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<specimenCode box="[497,627,942,969]" collectionCode="PNM" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mxaf-c5e2" name="Philippine National Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">PNM 4651</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="R" collectorName="N. Aspe & Aspe, M." country="Philippines" county="Luzon Island" elevation="24" latitude="14.158305" location="Pleasant Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.25484" municipality="Los Banos" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" stateProvince="Laguna">
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<specimenCount box="[648,737,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="adult">2 adults</specimenCount>
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(UPLBMNHLS (EW) 159),
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C99415FFD81766FF62376AFB41FAB8:8EBF73D8FFD81765FBDE3787FB66FB80" box="[1067,1251,943,969]" country="Philippines" county="Luzon Island" latitude="14.158305" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.25484" municipality="Los Banos" name="Pleasant Village" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" stateProvince="Laguna">Pleasant Village</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[1263,1386,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Los Baños</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Philippines" name="Laguna" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Laguna</collectingRegion>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[223,385,979,1005]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" precision="1" seconds="29.9" value="14.158305">14°09’29.9”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[398,570,978,1005]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" precision="1" seconds="17.4" value="121.25484">121°15’17.4”E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation box="[592,696,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="24.0">
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<quantity box="[592,651,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
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asl
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</elevation>
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.,
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<collectingCounty box="[714,865,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Luzon Island</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[879,1008,979,1005]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, coll.
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<collectorName box="[1078,1173,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">N. Aspe</collectorName>
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, M.
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<collectionCode box="[1218,1239,979,1005]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">R</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.F. Mapile 2 July, 2019.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744544" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7744544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7744544/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" startId="5.[152,255,1541,1565]" targetBox="[160,1427,1065,1518]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,1541,1602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,281,1541,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[288,452,1541,1565]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
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<emphasis box="[288,452,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Metaphire bahli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. (A) Male pores (mp) area showing the genital markings (gmg). (B) Spermathecae. (C) Prostate gland (p) showing the genital marking glands (gmg). Scale bar: 1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,1647,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,1647,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Brown worms with adult size of
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||
<quantity box="[697,833,1647,1674]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.58" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="101.5" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="58.0">58–145 mm</quantity>
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x
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||
<quantity box="[861,978,1648,1674]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.3">3.3–6 mm</quantity>
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; equators pigmented; three pairs of spermathecal pores at 6/7–8/9; distance between spermathecal pores 0.16–0.25 circumference apart ventrally; distance between male pores 0.14–0.20 circumference apart ventrally, 3–8 setae between openings; setae on vii and xx 39–49 and 40–72, respectively; genital markings in 17/18 and 18/
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||
<quantity box="[806,861,1756,1782]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="19.0">19 in</quantity>
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||
line with male pores; male region strongly concave to form an ellipsoid-shaped or rounded area. Spermathecae paired, postseptal in vii, viii, and ix, no nephridia on ducts; each spermatheca large with pyriform ampulla, stout muscular duct, stalked diverticulum attached to duct near the base of the duct, terminating in ovate receptacles, stalks long, convoluted; male sexual system holandric; copulatory bursae not prominent; round genital marking glands present in xvii and xix; intestinal origin xv, caeca simple originating in xxvii, extending forward to xxiv; prostates large in xvi to xx, each a single, dense, racemose mass; copulatory bursae not prominent; round genital marking glands present in xvii and xix.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,1647,2034]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,2008,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Remarks.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[324,507,2008,2034]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
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<emphasis box="[324,507,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Metaphire bahli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belongs to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1890" box="[642,778,2008,2033]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="peguana">
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<emphasis box="[642,778,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">M. peguana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group in
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<bibRefCitation author="Sims, R. & Easton, E." box="[893,1151,2008,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref10042" refString="Sims, R. & Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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, characterized by having three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9 and post-clitellar genital markings at 17/18 and 18/19. The species group includes:
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<taxonomicName authority="Rosa, 1890" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1890" box="[331,601,187,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="peguana">
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<emphasis box="[331,465,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. peguana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, D." box="[472,601,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="107 - 122" refId="ref9880" refString="Rosa, D. (1890) Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmanica e regioni vicine, XXVI. Preichetidi. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Giacomo Doria, 10, 107 - 122." type="journal article" year="1890">Rosa, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authority="Omodeo, 1957" authorityName="Omodeo" authorityYear="1957" box="[612,956,186,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="saigonensis">
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<emphasis box="[612,781,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. saigonensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Omodeo, P." box="[787,956,186,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="321 - 336" refId="ref9683" refString="Omodeo, P. (1957) Oligocheti dell'Indochina e del Mediterraneo Orientale. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 5, 321 - 336." type="journal article" year="1957">Omodeo, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<taxonomicName authority="Nguyen et al. 2015" authorityName="Nguyen" authorityYear="2015" box="[968,1394,186,213]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kiengiangensis">
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<emphasis box="[968,1171,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. kiengiangensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Trinh, B. K. T. & Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[1179,1394,186,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="461 - 470" refId="ref9267" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Trinh, B. K. T., Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D. (2015) On the polythecate earthworms of the genus Metaphire (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 63, 461 - 470." type="journal article" year="2015">Nguyen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Nguyen et al. 2015" authorityName="Nguyen" authorityYear="2015" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dorsomultitheca">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. dorsomultitheca</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Trinh, B. K. T. & Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[339,552,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="461 - 470" refId="ref9267" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Trinh, B. K. T., Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D. (2015) On the polythecate earthworms of the genus Metaphire (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 63, 461 - 470." type="journal article" year="2015">Nguyen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Nguyen, 2016" authorityName="Nguyen" authorityYear="2016" box="[563,858,223,249]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nhuongi">
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||
<emphasis box="[563,691,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. nhuongi</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Nguyen, A. D. & Binh, T. T. & Blakemore, R. J." box="[696,858,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref9333" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, A. D., Binh, T. T. & Blakemore, R. J. (2016) A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae). Zootaxa, 4140 (1), 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="2016">Nguyen, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Bantaowong & Panha, 2016" authorityName="Bantaowong & Panha" authorityYear="2016" box="[868,1348,223,249]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="doiphamon">
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<emphasis box="[868,1030,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. doiphamon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Bantaowong, U. & Chanabun, R. & James, S. W. & Panha, S." box="[1036,1348,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="63 - 84" refId="ref7168" refString="Bantaowong, U., Chanabun, R., James, S. W. & Panha, S. (2016) Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4117 (1), 63 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4117.1.3" type="journal article" year="2016">
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||
Bantaowong & Panha,
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||
<quantity box="[1292,1348,223,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12064" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" unit="in" value="2016.0">2016</quantity>
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bantaowong, U. & Chanabun, R. & James, S. W. & Panha, S." pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="63 - 84" refId="ref7168" refString="Bantaowong, U., Chanabun, R., James, S. W. & Panha, S. (2016) Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4117 (1), 63 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4117.1.3" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Bantaowong
|
||
<emphasis box="[255,305,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Nguyen et al. 2020" authorityName="Nguyen" authorityYear="2020" box="[390,705,259,285]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="haui">
|
||
<emphasis box="[390,478,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. haui</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Nguyen, N. Q. & Lam, D. H. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[485,705,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="220 - 236" refId="ref9560" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, N. Q., Lam, D. H. & Nguyen, A. D. (2020) Six new species of the genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southeastern Vietnam. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 68, 220 - 236." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Nguyen
|
||
<emphasis box="[581,630,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Aspe et al. 2021" authorityName="Aspe" authorityYear="2021" box="[764,1115,259,285]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="narraensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[764,921,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. narraensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Aspe, N. M. & Manasan, R. E. & Manlavi, A. B. & Patiluna, M. L. E. & Sebido, M. A. B. & Obusan, M. C. M. & Simbahan, J. F. & James, S. W." box="[927,1115,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="733 - 797" refId="ref7002" refString="Aspe, N. M., Manasan, R. E., Manlavi, A. B., Patiluna, M. L. E., Sebido, M. A. B., Obusan, M. C. M., Simbahan, J. F., James, S. W. (2021) The earthworm fauna of Palawan, Philippines with description of nineteen new pheretimoid species (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Journal of Natural History, 55, 733 - 797. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2021.1923849." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Aspe
|
||
<emphasis box="[992,1041,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. First recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1319,1432,259,285]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[151,246,295,321]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,246,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[542,637,295,321]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Nguyen, A. D. & Binh, T. T. & Blakemore, R. J." box="[651,871,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref9333" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, A. D., Binh, T. T. & Blakemore, R. J. (2016) A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae). Zootaxa, 4140 (1), 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Nguyen
|
||
<emphasis box="[749,798,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Trinh, B. K. T. & Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[882,941,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="883 - 915" refId="ref9408" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Trinh, B. K. T., Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D. (2017) Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from islands of Kien Hai District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species and one subspecies. Journal of Natural History, 51 (15 - 16), 883 - 915. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1294213." type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Nguyen, N. Q. & Lam, D. H. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[953,1013,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="220 - 236" refId="ref9560" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, N. Q., Lam, D. H. & Nguyen, A. D. (2020) Six new species of the genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southeastern Vietnam. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 68, 220 - 236." type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1032,1090,295,321]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Narayanan, S. P. & Sathrumithra, S. & Anuja, R. & Christopher, G. & Thomas, A. P. & Julka, J. M." box="[1104,1357,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="99 - 103" refId="ref9193" refString="Narayanan, S. P., Sathrumithra, S., Anuja, R., Christopher, G., Thomas, A. P. & Julka, J. M. (2019) First record of the exotic earthworm Metaphire bahli (Gates, 1945) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from India. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 50 (1), 99 - 103." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Narayanan
|
||
<emphasis box="[1234,1283,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Prasankok, P. & Bantaowong, U. & James, S. W. & Panha, S." box="[213,460,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="8 - 15" refId="ref9713" refString="Prasankok, P., Bantaowong, U., James, S. W. & Panha, S. (2013) Low heterogeneity in populations of the terrestrial earthworm, Metaphire peguana (Rosa, 1890), in Thailand, as revealed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA COI sequences and nuclear allozymes. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 51, 8 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. bse. 2013.07.001" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Prasankok
|
||
<emphasis box="[338,386,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[478,532,331,357]" name="Laos" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[586,701,331,357]" name="Cambodia" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gates, G. E." box="[715,845,330,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="69 - 90" refId="ref8002" refString="Gates, G. E. (1945) On some earthworms from Ceylon II. Spolia Zeylanica, 24, 69 - 90." type="journal article" year="1945">Gates 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as well as in Darwin,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1103,1206,331,357]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[1219,1424,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="1" refId="ref7320" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2016 b) Darwin's earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea) with review of cosmopolitan Metaphire peguana - species group from Philippines. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 47 (1), 09 - 30." type="journal article" year="2016">Blakemore 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[224,353,367,393]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[365,461,367,393]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[365,461,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been recorded in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[713,818,367,393]" country="Philippines" name="Batangas" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Batangas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[830,912,367,393]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Manila</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[923,1071,367,393]" country="Philippines" name="Angeles" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Angeles City</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1083,1213,367,393]" country="Philippines" name="Pangasinan" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Pangasinan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Panay, Negros and Sibuyan Island (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thai, T. B. & Samphon, K." box="[334,595,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="61 - 75" refId="ref10184" refString="Thai, T. B. & Samphon, K. (1989) Initial remarks on the fauna of earthworms in Laos. Thong Bao Khoa Hoc (Hanoi), 1989, 61 - 75. [Vietnamese: Thai TB, Samphon K (1989) Nh an xet by oc d au v e khu h e giun d at Lao (t u cao nguyen My ong Phuon d en cao nguyen Bua La Ven). Thong bao khoa h oc DHSPHN, 1, 61 - 75]." type="journal article" year="1989">Thai & Samphon 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[607,812,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="1" refId="ref7320" refString="Blakemore, R. J. (2016 b) Darwin's earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea) with review of cosmopolitan Metaphire peguana - species group from Philippines. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 47 (1), 09 - 30." type="journal article" year="2016">Blakemore 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[1178,1274,403,429]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1178,1274,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Los Baños,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,246,439,465]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[300,358,439,465]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
in general coincide (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[590,678,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[152,244,800,824]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of some morphological characters among Metaphire bahli collected from India, Vietnam and the Philippines." pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). However, there are discordances in some characters. For example, the distance between spermathecal pores and between male pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[913,1008,475,501]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[913,1008,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Los Baños is 0.16 and 0.16 circumference apart ventrally, respectively. On the other hand,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, T. T. & Trinh, B. K. T. & Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D." box="[796,1036,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="883 - 915" refId="ref9408" refString="Nguyen, T. T., Trinh, B. K. T., Nguyen, H. T. & Nguyen, A. D. (2017) Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from islands of Kien Hai District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species and one subspecies. Journal of Natural History, 51 (15 - 16), 883 - 915. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1294213." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Nguyen
|
||
<emphasis box="[894,945,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that the distance between spermathecal pores and between male pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[675,770,547,573]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[675,770,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[803,898,547,573]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
are 0.25 and 0.20 circumference apart ventrally, respectively.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Narayanan, S. P. & Sathrumithra, S. & Anuja, R. & Christopher, G. & Thomas, A. P. & Julka, J. M." box="[299,567,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" pagination="99 - 103" refId="ref9193" refString="Narayanan, S. P., Sathrumithra, S., Anuja, R., Christopher, G., Thomas, A. P. & Julka, J. M. (2019) First record of the exotic earthworm Metaphire bahli (Gates, 1945) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from India. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 50 (1), 99 - 103." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Narayanan
|
||
<emphasis box="[428,478,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not provide information on the distance between spermathecal pores and between male pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[413,509,619,645]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[413,509,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[546,607,619,645]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The pre- and postclitellar setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[1003,1100,619,645]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1003,1100,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Los Baños and in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1341,1436,619,645]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
more or less belong to the same range (
|
||
<quantity box="[592,692,655,681]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1176" metricValueMax="1.2446" metricValueMin="0.9906" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" unit="in" value="44.0" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="39.0">39–49 in</quantity>
|
||
the preclitellar segments and
|
||
<quantity box="[1028,1128,655,681]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4224" metricValueMax="1.8288" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" unit="in" value="56.0" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="40.0">40–72 in</quantity>
|
||
the postclitellar segments). However, this is in contrast to Narayanan
|
||
<emphasis box="[613,661,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.’s (2019) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1945" box="[933,1027,691,717]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bahli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[933,1027,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">M. bahli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1060,1118,691,717]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
wherein the number of setae in the preclitellar segments reaches 73+ while it reaches 91+ setae in the postclitellar segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |