176 lines
18 KiB
XML
176 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="D79048F24B90806CF6A659633CC05540">
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<mods:title id="CE4477FE1AB253F815AD91EFB2E2B1E3">Echimyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="52CDF7F35B17E9F8CD41347994662DD1">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BCBE03EEEB154FC83361565DC864A110">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D5E0AB8EBF9110C56043F019CD3F4EC">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D8A5007B97B8A9678507F90FCA6F5A31">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="8EE1C209864A981EDF786613EE7B38B2" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="A1E2AE05808055BC52F4034698876937">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="CDC08A1B9246D05EE0CB9972492F29BB">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="922290E70ADACA30090E4560842C2E31">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACA5B5C5FCEFC17" blockId="42.[1396,2562,853,980]" box="[1398,1455,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC7FFF3FACA5B5C5FCEFC17" box="[1398,1455,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFC7FFF3FACA5B5C5FCEFC17" box="[1398,1455,853,899]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">84.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FA7C5B5C524AFC17" box="[1472,2091,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FA7C5B5C524AFC17" blockId="42.[1396,2562,853,980]" box="[1472,2091,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC7FFF3FA7C5B5C524AFC17" box="[1472,2091,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC7FFF3FA7C5B5C524AFC17" box="[1472,2091,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Long-tailed Armored Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3F7E15B5C53A4FC17" box="[2141,2501,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3F7E15B5C53A4FC17" blockId="42.[1396,2562,853,980]" box="[2141,2501,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC7FFF3F7E15B5C53A4FC17" box="[2141,2501,853,899]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC7FFF3F7E15B5C53A4FC17" ID-CoL="3XJXD" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[2141,2501,853,899]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Makalata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrura">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3F7E15B5C53A4FC17" box="[2141,2501,853,899]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Makalata macrura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACA5B9C5D53FC47" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACA5B9C5060FC3E" blockId="42.[1396,2562,853,980]" box="[1398,2561,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC7FFF3FACA5B9C5060FC3E" box="[1398,2561,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACA5B9C5FA0FC3E" bold="true" box="[1398,1473,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC7FFF3FA775B9C5CA7FC3E" box="[1483,1734,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Makalata a longue queue</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3F9665B9C5D54FC3E" bold="true" box="[1754,1845,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC7FFF3F8835B9C520EFC3E" box="[1855,2159,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Langschwanz-Breitstachelratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3F7385B9C52BEFC3E" bold="true" box="[2180,2271,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC7FFF3F7565B9C5060FC3E" box="[2282,2561,917,938]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Rata arboricola de cola larga</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FAC95BB75D53FC47" blockId="42.[1396,2562,853,980]" box="[1397,1842,958,979]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC7FFF3FAC95BB75D53FC47" box="[1397,1842,958,979]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FAC95BB75C0DFC47" bold="true" box="[1397,1644,958,979]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC7FFF3F9CA5BB75D53FC47" box="[1654,1842,958,979]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Long-tailed Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3F86A5C0A5241FBD3" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3F86A5C0A5241FBD3" blockId="42.[2005,2601,1027,1450]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3F86A5C0A5210FBB4" bold="true" box="[2006,2161,1027,1056]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC7FFF3F72F5C0A527AFBD3" authority="Wagner, 1842" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Loncheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrura">Loncheres macrura Wagner, 1842</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3F78B5C2752ACFBFB" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3F78B5C2752ACFBFB" blockId="42.[2005,2601,1027,1450]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFC7FFF3F78B5C2752ABFBFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804303303" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">“Borba,” mouth of Rio Madeira, Amazonas, Brazil</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3F86B5C7C53C1FA3E" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3F86B5C7C53C1FA3E" blockId="42.[2005,2601,1027,1450]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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Placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC7FFF3F7D85C7C5280FB02" authorityName="Husson" authorityYear="1978" box="[2148,2273,1141,1174]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Makalata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Makalata</taxonomicName>
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by J. L. Patton and colleagues in 2000. It appears to be parapatric to the distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC7FFF3F6EA5CC55042FB71" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[2390,2595,1228,1253]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Makalata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="didelphoides">M. didelphoides</taxonomicName>
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, with the two species replacing one another along the lower Rio Negro-Rio Madeira axis. Deep mtDNA clade structure suggests that M. macruras is polytypic at the subspecific or specific level. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACA5DB95C48F9B6" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF1341EFFFC7FFF3FACA5DB95C48F9B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623870" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623870/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" startId="42.[1398,1570,1456,1489]" targetBox="[1393,1984,1031,1446]" targetPageId="42">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACA5DB95C48F9B6" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACA5DB95C47FA45" bold="true" box="[1398,1574,1456,1489]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Distribution.</emphasis>
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W Amazon Basin from SE Colombia S through E Ecuador, to NC & EC Peru, then E to S Venezuela and C Brazil to the left bank of lower Rio Negro and lower Rio Madeira.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACA5E2E5CCBF89A" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACA5E2E5CCBF89A" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACA5E2E5C1DF9DC" bold="true" box="[1398,1660,1575,1608]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 207-280 mm, tail 170-242 mm; weight 340-400 g. The Long-tailed Armored Tree-rat is smaller than Red-nosed Armored Tree-rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC7FFF3FA385E7C5C02F902" baseAuthorityName="Desmarest" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1412,1635,1653,1686]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Makalata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="didelphoides">M. didelphoides</taxonomicName>
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), but it has similar dorsal pelage colors but darker, duller gray ventral color. Dorsum of both species has the same mix of bristles, fine hair, and flexible spines; both species have characteristic reddish muzzle that gives them their common name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACB5F1A5CDDF847" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACB5F1A5CDDF847" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACB5F1A5F87F8A0" bold="true" box="[1399,1510,1811,1844]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Seasonally inundated, tropical lowland evergreen forest, including whitewater varzea and blackwater igap6. Along the Rio Jurua (Brazil), Long-tailed Armored Tree-rats were mainly trapped in tree canopies, although some specimens were caught while swimming in a river following a likely raptor attack. One young individual was found in upland forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACB5FD15048F7B4" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACB5FD15048F7B4" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACB5FD15CE1F86D" bold="true" box="[1399,1664,2008,2041]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but its large cecum and long colon suggest that the Long-tailed Armored Tree-rat is folivorous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACB502E5D5FF773" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACB502E5D5FF773" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACB502E5F9FF7DC" bold="true" box="[1399,1534,2087,2120]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Breeding.</emphasis>
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The Long-tailed Armored Tree-rat has been reported to have maximum litter size of 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females have been caught in September (Rio Jurua, Brazil) and May (north-western Peru), and a lactating female was collected in May. On the Rio Jurua, three adult males were caught with enlarged testes, one each in September, November, and May.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FACA50E55286F699" box="[1398,2279,2284,2317]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FACA50E55286F699" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" box="[1398,2279,2284,2317]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FACA50E55C00F699" bold="true" box="[1398,1633,2284,2317]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Long-tailed Armored Tree-rats are nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FAC4511A5C2DF6C9" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FAC4511A5C2DF6C9" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FAC4511A525EF6A0" bold="true" box="[1400,2111,2323,2356]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FAC5516B5061F66D" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FAC5516B5061F66D" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FAC5516B5CB0F617" bold="true" box="[1401,1745,2402,2435]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Armored Tree-rat has a wide distribution and occurs in various primary forest habitats and areas of human disturbances, including gardens, with closed canopies and along stream edges. It is appears rare everywhere, but this is likely a trapping artifact.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC7FFF3FAC552015DEFF5E6" pageId="42" pageNumber="594" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC7FFF3FAC552015DEFF5E6" blockId="42.[1398,2604,1456,2674]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC7FFF3FAC552015C73F5B5" bold="true" box="[1401,1554,2568,2593]" pageId="42" pageNumber="594">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Cabrera (1961), Eisenberg (1989), Eisenberg & Redford (1999), Emmons (1990, 1997a, 2005), Patton, Pardinas & D'Elia (2015), Patton, da Silva & Malcolm (2000), Tate (1935), Upham et al. (2013), Wagner (1842), Woods (1993), Woods & Kilpatrick (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |