215 lines
22 KiB
XML
215 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="4DE8D2E9C3E25125584AE5EE043AAFAC" ID-CLB-Dataset="3334" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5721279" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9893c5f9-5d89-4633-8047-17d296133ce3" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721279" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1633650213837" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03C587E31E7FFF93FF91F5FA9914F916" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Tragulidae_0320.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Tragulus williamsoni Kloss 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="FFFCFF9B1E7BFF97FFEFFFBA910FFF81" masterDocTitle="Tragulidae" masterLastPageNumber="334" masterPageNumber="320" pageNumber="331" updateTime="1699458856783" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="CD36A36C0F6BD3FBC95912ED510A4F67" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FC3DA6DD313610D8056980C66D09B57D">
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<mods:title id="670261F056F68096508DB80FB46FD57D">Tragulidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="269CCE9B011F2A12E577AF858CB049DA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="42AC246D38D3134777C86312E44A5495">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6C14FD435B24919AF0425BDFEF63F36B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6B090F01A03581197DD3DB00E34B5CEA">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="8C833ED570246A089A92FC06C6A78538">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="08BAC116D412D06D99FCEF2F54BEA1ED" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="5BA3077BC556656141E81FDA59EF5F1F">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="75E0FDE3CF11850055BF01B1549EBBA0">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="04A523A9C32DD21707BD0AD6811B2CE5">
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<mods:title id="872029A1E713D9F96AE1D8CBF978DB70">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A8AC07388D165F1C67F7A442CB4E8245">
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<treatment id="03C587E31E7FFF93FF91F5FA9914F916" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721311" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190606099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721311" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C587E31E7FFF93FF91F5FA9914F916" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587E31E7FFF93FF91F5FA9914F916" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FF91F5FA9192F5EF" box="[126,157,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FF91F5FA9192F5EF" blockId="4.[124,1131,2624,2714]" box="[126,157,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<heading id="D09B81991E7FFF93FF91F5FA9192F5EF" box="[126,157,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<figureCitation id="13572A701E7FFF93FF91F5FA9192F5EF" box="[126,157,2624,2670]" captionStart="Plate 13: Tragulidae" captionStartId="2.[116,148,3396,3417]" captionTargetBox="[14,2754,14,3633]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. White-spotted Chevrotain (Moschiola meminna), 2. Yellow-striped Chevrotain (Moschiola kathygre), 3. Indian Chevrotain (Moschiola indica), 4. Silver-backed Chevrotain (Tragulus versicolor), 5. Lesser Indo-Malayan Chevrotain (Tragulus kanchil), 6. Northern Chevrotain (Tragulus williamsoni), 7. Javan Chevrotain (Tragulus javanicus), 8. Greater Indo-Malayan Chevrotain (Tragulus napu), 9. Balabac Chevrotain (Tragulus nigricans), 10. Water Chevrotain (Hyemoschus aquaticus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6513920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6513920/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">6.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FF41F5FA9367F5EF" box="[174,616,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FF41F5FA9367F5EF" blockId="4.[124,1131,2624,2714]" box="[174,616,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<heading id="D09B81991E7FFF93FF41F5FA9367F5EF" box="[174,616,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<vernacularName id="056F46DB1E7FFF93FF41F5FA9367F5EF" box="[174,616,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Northern Chevrotain</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FD5BF5FA9521F5EF" box="[692,1070,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FD5BF5FA9521F5EF" blockId="4.[124,1131,2624,2714]" box="[692,1070,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<heading id="D09B81991E7FFF93FD5BF5FA9521F5EF" box="[692,1070,2624,2670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FD5BF5FA9521F5EF" ID-CoL="57WS6" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" box="[692,1070,2624,2670]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FD5BF5FA9521F5EF" box="[692,1070,2624,2670]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Tragulus williamsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FF92F53A9565F514" box="[125,1130,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FF92F53A9565F514" blockId="4.[124,1131,2624,2714]" box="[125,1130,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<heading id="D09B81991E7FFF93FF92F53A9565F514" box="[125,1130,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FF92F53A91C5F514" bold="true" box="[125,202,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F46DB1E7FFF93FF3CF53A90DDF514" box="[211,466,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Chevrotain de Williamson</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FE08F53A934DF514" bold="true" box="[487,578,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F46DB1E7FFF93FDA4F53A93F2F514" box="[587,765,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FDA4F53A9392F514" box="[587,669,2688,2709]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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Kantschil
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FCFCF53A9261F514" bold="true" box="[787,878,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F46DB1E7FFF93FC98F53A92BAF514" box="[887,949,2688,2709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Ciervo</vernacularName>
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ratén de
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FBF8F53A9565F514" box="[1047,1130,2688,2709]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Tailandia</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FD0CF57D9222F48A" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FD0CF57D9222F48A" blockId="4.[738,1325,2759,3181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FD0CF57D9271F565" bold="true" box="[739,894,2759,2788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FC4DF57D9227F48A" ID-CoL="57WS6" authority="Kloss, 1916" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">Tragulus williamsoni Kloss, 1916</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FCD7F5489558F48A" box="[824,1111,2802,2827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FCD7F5489558F48A" blockId="4.[738,1325,2759,3181]" box="[824,1111,2802,2827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<materialsCitation id="3B043CA81E7FFF93FCD7F5489558F48A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783312306" box="[824,1111,2802,2827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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Meh Lem,
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FC3EF548955CF48A" box="[977,1107,2802,2827]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FD0CF4AB988EFEDE" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FD0CF4AB988EFEDE" blockId="4.[738,1325,2759,3181]" lastBlockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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The recent reallocation of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FBB4F4AB9403F4B3" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" box="[1115,1292,2833,2866]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">1. williamsoni</taxonomicName>
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to species level was based on one specimen from northern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FC36F4D29555F400" box="[985,1114,2920,2945]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, because the skull dimensions exceeded those of any other T. kanchitlike chevrotains from the Asian mainland. Recently, two additional specimens from Mengla,
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<collectingRegion id="49A8F8171E7FFF93FBBCF3BC95CDF39E" box="[1107,1218,3078,3103]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FB36F3BC9422F39E" box="[1241,1325,3078,3103]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">China</collectingCountry>
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have been identified that appear to support the species-level designation of this taxon. This, however, requires further careful study, because even though the two Chinese skulls are similar in size to the specimen from northern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93FC14F3189573F33A" box="[1019,1148,3234,3259]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, verification of the measurements is still required. The taxonomic uncertainty of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FBB5F37B941FF363" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" box="[1114,1296,3265,3298]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">71. williamsoni</taxonomicName>
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is compounded by the lack of available specimens of chevrotains from close to the type locality of T. williamson: with which to test for conspecificity with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FBFBF2B5959AF2B1" authorityName="Raffles" authorityYear="1822" box="[1044,1173,3343,3376]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kanchil">7. kanchil</taxonomicName>
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and, if the taxon is validated, to determine whetherit is sympatric or parapatric with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FB48F28D9428F2D9" authorityName="Raffles" authorityYear="1822" box="[1191,1319,3383,3416]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kanchil">7. kanchil</taxonomicName>
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. More material is needed for both
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FD8DF2E4921AF2FE" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" box="[610,789,3422,3455]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">7. williamsoni</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FC8FF2E492D0F2FE" authorityName="Raffles" authorityYear="1822" box="[864,991,3422,3455]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kanchil">1. kanchil</taxonomicName>
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, if it occurs there, from the northern parts of
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F947FEAD9626FEB9" box="[1704,1833,279,312]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, adjacent southern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F7AEFEAD9999FEB9" box="[2113,2198,279,312]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">China</collectingCountry>
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, and possibly northern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F609FEAD9B29FEB9" box="[2534,2598,279,312]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Laos</collectingCountry>
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as well as northern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F96AFE849607FEDE" box="[1669,1800,318,351]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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, to make an informed judgment. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFEDF98C3FE54" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF13667D1E7FFF93FA9AFEDF98C3FE54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5721297" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5721297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5721297/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" targetBox="[122,715,2765,3180]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFEDF98C3FE54" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFEDF972AFE07" bold="true" box="[1397,1573,357,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F9DDFEDF97BEFE07" box="[1586,1713,357,390]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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and southern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F866FEDF96D1FE07" box="[1929,2014,357,390]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">China</collectingCountry>
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, mainly the Sanchahe part of the Mengman region and the Darongshu of the Longmen region, both in S.
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<collectingRegion id="49A8F8171E7FFF93F6DBFE3798ABFE2F" box="[2356,2468,397,430]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
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, but possibly more widespread with potential presence in
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F7C3FE0E9961FE54" box="[2092,2158,436,469]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Laos</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F793FE0E99F9FE54" box="[2172,2294,436,469]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F37B76651E7FFF93F6ABFE0E98C7FE54" box="[2372,2504,436,469]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFE659B03FCDF" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFE659B03FCDF" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
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<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFE659761FE7D" bold="true" box="[1397,1646,479,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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No measurements available. The type specimen of this species was described as larger than other
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93F8C9FDB996AAFDA5" authorityName="Raffles" authorityYear="1822" box="[1830,1957,515,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kanchil">7. kanchil</taxonomicName>
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specimens from the Asian mainland, but with color patterns similar to 7. k. affinis. Photos of this type specimen show uniformly colored pale brown upperparts, with a barely visible darker nape streak; the species was described as being like 7. k. affinis but larger and with the upperparts deeper ochraceous and only moderately annulated with brown. Throat patterns are as in 7 k. affinis, with clearly defined white chin and neck stripes and a reddish-brown transverse throat band that separates the white neck and chin from the white chest (unlike in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93F5FFFD5494E5FCB6" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">7 versicolor</taxonomicName>
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, in which this dark band is discontinuous, and the white neck and chin and white chest thus connected). Dental formulais10/3; C1/1;P 3/3; M 3/3 (x2)= 34.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFCDE97ECFBCB" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFCDE97ECFBCB" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFCDE94EBFC04" bold="true" box="[1397,1508,868,901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
A recent study in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8F8171E7FFF93F90AFCDE965DFC04" box="[1765,1874,868,901]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
showed that the species prefers valleys along banks of rivers or streams in low altitude, where they tend to use middle and lower slopes with the favorite fruit trees Ficus hirtal, Baccaurea samiflora, Alpinia kwangsiensis, and Phrynium capitatum. These plants occur along banks ofrivers or streams. Chevrotain habitat use was mostly affected by tall tree coverage, shrub coverage, and herb coverage, and distance to water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFBEA99C0FB19" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFBEA99C0FB19" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFBEA9777FBF0" bold="true" box="[1397,1656,1104,1137]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on its habitat use and tree preferences in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A8F8171E7FFF93F6F6FBEA9886FBF0" box="[2329,2441,1104,1137]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the diet of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D761E7FFF93FA9AFBC1973BFB19" authorityName="Kloss" authorityYear="1916" box="[1397,1588,1147,1176]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Tragulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">T. williamsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to contain significant amounts offruit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFB2597E6FB41" box="[1397,1769,1183,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFB2597E6FB41" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" box="[1397,1769,1183,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFB2594F4FB41" bold="true" box="[1397,1531,1183,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Nothing known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9CFB7C9643FB66" box="[1395,1868,1222,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9CFB7C9643FB66" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" box="[1395,1868,1222,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9CFB7C9751FB66" bold="true" box="[1395,1630,1222,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Nothing known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFB489811FA8E" box="[1397,2334,1266,1295]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFB489811FA8E" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" box="[1397,2334,1266,1295]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFB489920FA8E" bold="true" box="[1397,2095,1266,1295]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Nothing known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA9AFAA298E6F9C8" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA9AFAA298E6F9C8" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA9AFAA297DAFAB4" bold="true" box="[1397,1749,1304,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List, The species’ status cannot be assessed due to taxonomic uncertainty and a paucity of data on extent of occurrence, threats, habitat preferences and altitudinal range. Hunting is heavy in the species’ likely range and habitat perturbation is increasing there. The lack of understanding of the population-level effects on the species rule out inferential application of decline-based criteria. On the IUCN assessmentit is suggested that even modest additional information would allow categorization of the species, and thatit would likely warrant either Near Threatened or one of the threatened categories.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C376657E1E7FFF93FA99F9ED9914F916" pageId="4" pageNumber="331" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD336F51E7FFF93FA99F9ED9914F916" blockId="4.[1395,2602,279,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918EAE71E7FFF93FA99F9ED9700F9F1" bold="true" box="[1398,1551,1623,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="331">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Aidong Luo et al. (1999), Cao Mingl et al. (2010), Kloss (1916, 1918), Meijaard & Groves (20044, 2004b), Shi Liming & Chen Yuze (1989), Timmins et al. (2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |