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<document id="4800C3683272E461C49C17EF35376E00" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.758.1423" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de9c0c06-0e7d-44a6-a582-d41a346233f6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075824" ID-ZooBank="01BBC12C-E715-4393-A9F6-6EA85CB1289F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625579995989" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wesener, Thomas &amp; Sagorny, Christina" docDate="2021" docId="03BF4B62FF9FE0101C34FAE281B3FAF9" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-758_1-48.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 758 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.758.1423" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum Wesener &amp; Sagorny 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B5E6A6B0-F750-4227-8F0B-4F6417FDF88D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF86331AFFBEE0341E06FFFB8261FFB5" masterDocTitle="Seven new giant pill-millipede species and numerous new records of the genus Zoosphaerium from Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1701997335475" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="D31ED84D256E3E32BCA63290B57CE924">Seven new giant pill-millipede species and numerous new records of the genus Zoosphaerium from Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AF549EF4B7127A5E81300967AF060819">Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="54399267D073994054A540F28FCEF3DB">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Section Myriapoda, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D551D886623BB5D87532A5567C2FF1E4">Sagorny, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6CEE39F0233FBB1B8F85E22E588CCB4">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Section Myriapoda, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. &amp; University of Bonn, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, D- 53121 Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C30CA9FFFF9FE0151C34FAE28663FA81" box="[562,1026,1305,1332]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9FE0151C34FAE28663FA81" blockId="33.[370,1218,1305,1402]" box="[562,1026,1305,1332]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9FE0151C34FAE28663FA81" box="[562,1026,1305,1332]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9FE0151C34FAE281C1FA81" ID-CoL="9BDGQ" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[562,928,1305,1332]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151C34FAE281C1FA81" bold="true" box="[562,928,1305,1332]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9FE0151DA1FAE18663FA81" box="[935,1026,1306,1332]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9FE0151CA0FA9B8167FACF" box="[678,774,1376,1402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1764,1790]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,265,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-92@9.[189,1398,265,1719]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus photographs of the seven new species of Zoosphaerium, lateral view. A. Zoosphaerium nigrum sp. nov., holotype (CASENT 9068289). B. Z. silens sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119887). C. Z. ambatovaky sp. nov., holotype (CASENT 9068294/1).D. Z. beanka sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119897). E. Z. voahangy sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119921). F. Z. masoala sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3195651). G. Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075828/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 2G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9FE0151D15FA9B8142FACF" box="[787,803,1376,1402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[228,1372,266,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-87@10.[202,1385,239,1881]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 3. Distribution map of the newly described species of Zoosphaerium. Vegetation color marks modified from Moat &amp; Smith 2007. 1 = Z. nigrum sp. nov.; 2 = Z. silens sp. nov.; 3 = Z. ambatovaky sp. nov.; 4 = Z. beanka sp. nov.; 5 = Z. voahangy sp. nov.; 6 = Z. masoala sp. nov.; 7 = Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov. Numbers followed by ‘a’ mark additional, non-type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075830/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9FE0151D36FA9B8102FACF" box="[816,867,1376,1402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1251,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-243@30.[189,1398,1251,1901]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 10. Scanning electron micrographs of the endoterga of midbody rings. A. Zoosphaerium masoala sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3195651). B. Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). Scale bars = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075844/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">10B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9FE0151D76FA9B81ECFACF" box="[880,909,1376,1402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">12</figureCitation>
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<heading id="D0E14D18FF9FE0151EBBFA5A8357FA0E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1441,1467]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151EBBFA5A8357FA0E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1441,1467]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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The greatly elongated posterior telopods identify 
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<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151D08FA2B8610FA5F" box="[782,1137,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9FE0151A7FFA2A86B7FA5E" box="[1145,1238,1489,1515]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as a member of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9FE0151F0FFA0F83FAF9B8" baseAuthorityName="de Saussure &amp; Zehntner" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[265,411,1523,1549]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piligerum">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151F0FFA0F83FAF9B8" box="[265,411,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Z. piligerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9FE0151C53FA0881D9F9B8" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[597,952,1523,1549]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151C53FA0881D9F9B8" box="[597,952,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
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shares the shape of the vulva and the anal shield, as well as a similar posterior telopod with 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9FE0151DD7F9EC86D8F984" authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2009" box="[977,1209,1559,1585]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudopiligerum">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151DD7F9EC86D8F984" box="[977,1209,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Z. pseudopiligerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9FE0151ACBF9EC830EF9E1" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151ACBF9EC830EF9E1" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
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differs from the latter in the non-glossy tergites, differences in the shape of the anterior telopods, as well as the higher number of ventral spines on the legs (see key above).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30CA9FFFF9FE0151EBBF964806BF8BF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9FE0151EBBF9648325F90C" blockId="33.[189,324,1695,1721]" box="[189,324,1695,1721]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9FE0151EBBF9648325F90C" bold="true" box="[189,324,1695,1721]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151EBBF9648325F90C" bold="true" box="[189,324,1695,1721]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9FE0151EBBF936806BF8BF" blockId="33.[189,1398,1741,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">‘Spinopiligerum’, noun in apposition, as a reference to the higher number of ventral spines on the legs compared to related species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9FE0151EBBF8CA83CBF8FE" blockId="33.[189,426,1841,1867]" box="[189,426,1841,1867]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9FE0151EBBF8CA83CBF8FE" bold="true" box="[189,426,1841,1867]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151EBBF8CA83CBF8FE" bold="true" box="[189,426,1841,1867]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9FE0151EECF89B81ECF850" blockId="33.[189,1399,1888,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="3B7EF029FF9FE0151EECF89B81ECF850" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314642303" collectedFrom="dense humid transitional lowland and montane forest" collectingDate="2008-02-08" collectionCode="FMNH-INS" collectorName="V. Soarimalala" country="Madagascar" elevation="815" latitude="-23.778334" location="Parc National de Midongy-Befotaka" longLatPrecision="125" longitude="47.106667" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="FMNH-INS 3119885" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9FE0151EECF89B833DF8CF" bold="true" box="[234,348,1888,1914]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="54AD44D6FF9FE0151EECF89B833DF8CF" box="[234,348,1888,1914]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectingCountry id="F301BAE4FF9FE0151EBBF87883EFF828" box="[189,398,1923,1949]" name="Madagascar" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
– 
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<collectingRegion id="49D23496FF9FE0151FA3F878802AF828" box="[421,587,1923,1949]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
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; 
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, 
<locationDeviation id="9A1BE356FF9FE0151A31F8788710F828" box="[1079,1393,1923,1950]" location="Befotaka village" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9FE0151A31F8788610F828" box="[1079,1137,1923,1949]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
N of Befotaka village
</locationDeviation>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE229CB3FF9FE0151EBBF85E835BF874" box="[189,314,1957,1985]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="46.7" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="92" value="-23.778334">23°46.7′ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE229CB3FF9FE0151F4EF85E83A9F874" box="[328,456,1957,1985]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="06.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="92" value="47.106667">47°06.4′ E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9FE0151C04F85D8031F874" box="[514,592,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="815.0">
<elevation id="003B1D47FF9FE0151C04F85D8031F874" box="[514,592,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="815.0">815 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectedFrom id="380AB989FF9FE0151C5BF85D86B4F875" box="[605,1237,1958,1985]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">dense humid transitional lowland and montane forest</collectedFrom>
; 
<date id="FFA8DCB4FF9FE0151AE7F85C8713F874" box="[1249,1394,1958,1985]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2008-02-08">
<collectingDate id="EFEC255CFF9FE0151AE7F85C8713F874" box="[1249,1394,1958,1985]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2008-02-08">8 Feb. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26E39FA2FF9FE0151EBBF8318308F851" box="[189,361,1994,2020]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">V. Soarimalala</collectorName>
leg.; coll. no. VS-1442; 
<specimenCode id="DBB0520FFF9FE0151C8DF83181E8F850" box="[651,905,1994,2021]" collectionCode="FMNH-INS" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FMNH-INS 3119885</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EECFEF383C7FE97" blockId="34.[189,1399,264,397]" box="[234,422,264,290]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9CE0161EECFEF383C7FE97" bold="true" box="[234,422,264,290]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Other material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFED78657FE39" blockId="34.[189,1399,264,397]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<materialsCitation id="3B7EF029FF9CE0161EBBFED78652FE39" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314642341" collectedFrom="dense humid transitional lowland and montane forest" collectingDate="2008-02-27" collectionCode="FMNH-INS" collectorName="V. Soarimalala" country="Madagascar" elevation="1053" latitude="-23.888332" location="Parc National de Midongy-Befotaka" longLatPrecision="125" longitude="46.888332" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="FMNH-INS 3119888" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">
<collectingCountry id="F301BAE4FF9CE0161EBBFED783EFFEF3" box="[189,398,300,326]" name="Madagascar" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9CE0161FAFFED0802EFEF0" bold="true" box="[425,591,299,325]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingRegion id="49D23496FF9CE0161FAFFED0802EFEF0" box="[425,591,299,325]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="9D1031FDFF9CE0161C61FED780F2FEF3" box="[615,659,300,326]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location id="8EC9ACAFFF9CE0161CA7FED7862DFEF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF4B62FF9FE0101C34FAE281B3FAF9:8EC9ACAFFF9CE0161CA7FED7862DFEF3" box="[673,1100,300,326]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-23.888332" longLatPrecision="125" longitude="46.888332" name="Parc National de Midongy-Befotaka" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Parc National de Midongy-Befotaka</location>
, 
<locationDeviation id="9A1BE356FF9CE0161A51FED08371FEDC" location="Befotaka village" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161A51FED086D5FEF3" box="[1111,1204,299,326]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="11.5">11.5 km</quantity>
SW of Befotaka village
</locationDeviation>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE229CB3FF9CE0161F26FEB683C0FEDC" box="[288,417,333,361]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="53.3" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="-23.888332">23°53.3′ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE229CB3FF9CE0161FB4FEB68054FEDC" box="[434,565,333,361]" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="53.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="92" value="46.888332">46°53.3′ E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161C70FEB480B7FEDC" box="[630,726,335,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.053" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1053.0">
<elevation id="003B1D47FF9CE0161C70FEB480B7FEDC" box="[630,726,335,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.053" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1053.0">1053 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectedFrom id="380AB989FF9CE0161CE1FEB48713FEDC" box="[743,1394,335,361]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">dense humid transitional lowland and montane forest</collectedFrom>
; 
<date id="FFA8DCB4FF9CE0161EBBFE89833BFE39" box="[189,346,370,396]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="2008-02-27">
<collectingDate id="EFEC255CFF9CE0161EBBFE89833BFE39" box="[189,346,370,396]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="2008-02-27">27 Feb. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="26E39FA2FF9CE0161F60FE888073FE39" box="[358,530,370,397]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">V. Soarimalala</collectorName>
leg.; coll. no. VS-1536; 
<specimenCode id="DBB0520FFF9CE0161D32FE898652FE39" box="[820,1075,370,396]" collectionCode="FMNH-INS" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FMNH-INS 3119888</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CA9FFFF9CE0101EBBFE40865AFC26" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFE40832FFE60" blockId="34.[189,334,443,469]" box="[189,334,443,469]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9CE0161EBBFE40832FFE60" bold="true" box="[189,334,443,469]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9CE0161EBBFE40832FFE60" bold="true" box="[189,334,443,469]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFE118055FDFE" blockId="34.[189,1398,490,587]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
BODY LENGTH. Male: length 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161C1CFE1180E9FDB1" box="[538,648,490,516]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.71" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="37.1">37.1 mm</quantity>
, width of thoracic shield 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161DBBFE118649FDB1" box="[957,1064,490,516]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="22.3">22.3 mm</quantity>
(widest), height of thoracic shield 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161F0CFDF68310FD92" box="[266,369,525,551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="11.1">11.1 mm</quantity>
(highest). Female (
<typeStatus id="54AD44D6FF9CE0161C52FDF680A0FD92" box="[596,705,525,551]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
): length 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161D22FDF681F1FD92" box="[804,912,525,551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.88" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="28.8">28.8 mm</quantity>
, width of thoracic shield 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161AB1FDF68743FD92" box="[1207,1314,525,551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="16.8">16.8 mm</quantity>
, height of thoracic shield up to 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9CE0161FD5FDCB8051FDFE" box="[467,560,560,587]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="8.7">8.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFD89805FFD67" blockId="34.[189,1399,625,722]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
COLORATION. Tergites brown with dark brown posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161DB7FD8A866EFD39" box="[945,1039,625,652]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1764,1790]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,265,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-92@9.[189,1398,265,1719]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus photographs of the seven new species of Zoosphaerium, lateral view. A. Zoosphaerium nigrum sp. nov., holotype (CASENT 9068289). B. Z. silens sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119887). C. Z. ambatovaky sp. nov., holotype (CASENT 9068294/1).D. Z. beanka sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119897). E. Z. voahangy sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119921). F. Z. masoala sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3195651). G. Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075828/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Collum dark brown to green. Head dark green with yellow-brown markings. Anal shield brown. Antennae dark green, legs basally light brown, apically dark green.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFD028366FCEF" blockId="34.[189,1398,761,858]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">HEAD. Eyes with more than 80 ommatidia. Antennae long and slender, protruding back to leg 3. Length of antennomeres 1 =2= 3=4 =5&lt;6. A shallow groove present on antennomere 1, disc with 22/18 apical cones.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFC7A8169FC2E" blockId="34.[189,776,897,924]" box="[189,776,897,924]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">GNATHOCHILARIUM AND MANDIBLE. Not dissected.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFC388167FBB5" blockId="34.[189,1399,962,1024]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
STIGMATIC PLATES. First stigmatic plate lobular, apex well rounded, very slightly curved towards coxa. Hairs most abundant on apical margin (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161C8BFC1D8098FBB5" box="[653,761,998,1024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFBDC862CFBF7" blockId="34.[189,1101,1063,1090]" box="[189,1101,1063,1090]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">PLEURITES. First pleurite slightly extending posteriorly in a long, thin process.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFB9280CBFB36" blockId="34.[189,682,1129,1155]" box="[189,682,1129,1155]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">COLLUM. Median part of collum glabrous.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFB518145FB71" blockId="34.[189,804,1194,1221]" box="[189,804,1194,1221]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">THORACIC SHIELD. Surface similar to that of tergites.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFB178743FAB0" blockId="34.[189,1314,1259,1286]" box="[189,1314,1259,1286]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">TERGITES. Paratergites slightly projecting posteriorly. Tergites covered with small pits and hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFAD6835FFA61" blockId="34.[186,1400,1325,1492]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
ENDOTERGUM.Inner section with numerous short spines and isolated bristles. Between marginal ridge and inner area a single row of sparse large, elliptical cuticular impressions, distance between impressions 2–3 times as large as their diameter. Marginal brim wavy towards inner area. Externally with 1 row of sparse marginal bristles. Bristles scaly, short, the longest reaching ⅓ of distance towards tergite margin (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161EC0FA418350FA61" box="[198,305,1466,1492]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1251,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-243@30.[189,1398,1251,1901]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 10. Scanning electron micrographs of the endoterga of midbody rings. A. Zoosphaerium masoala sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3195651). B. Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). Scale bars = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075844/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBFA0080ABF9EE" blockId="34.[187,1398,1531,1628]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">ANAL SHIELD. Rounded, slightly flattened in male, covered with numerous short setae. Ventral side of anal shield with two black locking carinae, located close to laterotergites.Anterior carina small, posterior carina 6 or 7 times as long as anterior carina.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBF9788630F951" blockId="34.[189,1398,1667,1764]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
LEGS. Leg 1 with 5 ventral spines, leg 2 with 6, leg 3 with 8. First two leg pairs without an apical spine, spine present on leg 3. Leg pairs 4–21 with 10–12 ventral spines and an apical spine. On leg 9, femur 2.1 and tarsus 5.2 times as long as wide. All podomeres with setae (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161DD1F9328625F951" box="[983,1092,1737,1764]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EECF8E8806AF898" blockId="34.[189,1398,1811,1907]" box="[234,523,1811,1837]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9CE0161EECF8E8806AF898" bold="true" box="[234,523,1811,1837]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Male sexual characters</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0161EBBF8CD8620F8C6" blockId="34.[189,1398,1811,1907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
GONOPORE. Covered with a single undivided, rounded, apically membranous, basally sclerotized plate, covering ¼ of surface of coxa. Gonopore located basally on joint (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161DCEF8A28652F8C6" box="[968,1075,1881,1907]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9CE0101EBBF8618038FE05" blockId="34.[188,1399,1946,2008]" lastBlockId="36.[188,1399,263,432]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
ANTERIOR TELOPODS. Harp with two stridulation ribs, both ribs of same size and well developed, located in mesal corner (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9CE0161F85F8468393F86D" box="[387,498,1981,2008]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
). First podomere 1.3 times as wide as long. Second podomere process lobe- like and slightly curved, with rounded edges, protruding up to ⅔ of third podomere height, apically with sclerotized spots, visible in anterior view (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101CBCFED78128FEF3" box="[698,841,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12D–F</figureCitation>
). Third podomere narrow, half as long as first; cavity mesally with numerous sclerotized spots and three thin, sclerotized spines (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101AA1FEB48755FEDC" box="[1191,1332,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12E–F</figureCitation>
); one sclerotized spot located close to tip; laterally with up to 4 crenulated teeth. Podomeres 1–3 on both sides with numerous long, isolated hairs.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF69AAFCFF9DE0171EBBF94886E9F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" targetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9DE0171EBBF94886E9F85D" blockId="35.[189,1399,1715,2024]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171EBBF9488341F978" bold="true" box="[189,288,1715,1741]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9DE0171F2BF94F80F7F97B" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[301,662,1716,1742]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171F2BF94F80F7F97B" box="[301,662,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9DE0171CA5F94F8167F97B" box="[675,774,1716,1742]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171AB0F94886AAF978" bold="true" box="[1206,1227,1715,1741]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
. Right leg 9, posterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171F7FF92C83ECF944" bold="true" box="[377,397,1751,1777]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171DB4F92C81A6F944" bold="true" box="[946,967,1751,1777]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171F73F90183E8F8A1" bold="true" box="[373,393,1786,1812]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171D51F901810BF8A1" bold="true" box="[855,874,1786,1812]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171B23F9018757F8A1" bold="true" box="[1317,1334,1786,1812]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171C4DF8E68003F882" bold="true" box="[587,610,1821,1847]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
. Female subanal plate with washboard. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171A3FF8E68631F882" bold="true" box="[1081,1104,1821,1847]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H</emphasis>
. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171F7EF8BA83E2F8EE" bold="true" box="[376,387,1857,1883]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">I</emphasis>
. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9DE0171D6AF8BA811AF8EE" bold="true" box="[876,891,1857,1883]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">J</emphasis>
. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFE2C86DFFD71" blockId="36.[189,1400,471,709]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
POSTERIOR TELOPODS (FIGS). Movable finger strongly curved, apically with invagination. Hollowed-out inner margin with one large triangular membranous lobe and 3–5 smaller sclerotized spines (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101AFAFE018708FDA0" box="[1276,1385,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
). Posterior aspect of movable finger with ca 11 small, sclerotized teeth (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101A24FDE586E9FD8D" box="[1058,1160,542,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12I</figureCitation>
). Immovable finger slender, with weakly curved tip, slightly shorter than movable finger. Anterior side of immovable finger basally with a membranous lobe and a sclerotized spine, at tip with numerous small sclerotized spots (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101EC1FD7C834AFD14" box="[199,299,647,673]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12I</figureCitation>
). All three podomeres of posterior telopods on both sides glabrous. Inner horns of syncoxite apically curved posteriorly. Tips sharp, entire horns covered with numerous short hairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EECFD178047FCB3" blockId="36.[189,1398,748,915]" box="[234,550,748,774]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EECFD178047FCB3" bold="true" box="[234,550,748,774]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Female sexual characters</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFCF4865AFC26" blockId="36.[189,1398,748,915]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Subanal plate wide, slightly triangular. Washboard with well-developed stridulation ribs, with 3 ribs on each half (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101F3FFCC983C6FCF9" box="[313,423,818,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
). Vulva large, covering more than ⅔ of coxa (
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101DC0FCC9864BFCF9" box="[966,1066,818,844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1715,1741]" captionTargetBox="[258,1340,266,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-171@35.[242,1346,237,1712]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 12. Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum sp. nov., holotype (FMNH-INS 3119885). A. Right leg 9, posterior view. B. Left coxa 2 with gonopore, posterior view. C. Right coxa 1 with stigmatic plate, posterior view. D. Left anterior gonopod, anterior view. E. Left anterior gonopod, lateral view. F. Left anterior gonopod, posterior view. G. Female subanal plate with washboard. H. Right posterior telopod, posterior view. I. Right posterior telopod, anterior view. J. Left female coxa 2 with vulva, posterior view. Abbreviations: as = apical spine; cl = claw; cr-t = crenulated teeth; cx = coxa; ep = external plate; fe = femur; gp = gonopore; ip = inner plate; o = operculum; pof = postfemur; pref = prefemur; s-ps = sclerotized spots; sr = stridulation rib; st = stigmatic plate; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; vs = ventral spines. Roman numerals indicate telopoditomeres. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075849/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 12J</figureCitation>
). Operculum small and low, ending far before coxal margin. Apical margin of operculum medially notched, lateral tip twice as high as mesal one, well rounded. Mesal plate long, extending beyond operculum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CA9FFFF9AE0101EBBFC4183D3FBFC" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFC418390FC61" blockId="36.[189,497,954,980]" box="[189,497,954,980]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9AE0101EBBFC418390FC61" bold="true" box="[189,497,954,980]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EBBFC418390FC61" bold="true" box="[189,497,954,980]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFC1283D3FBFC" blockId="36.[189,1399,1001,1097]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9AE0101EBBFC128040FBB6" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,545,1001,1027]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EBBFC128040FBB6" box="[189,545,1001,1027]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Zoosphaerium spinopiligerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9AE0101C2FFC1280E4FBB6" box="[553,645,1001,1027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
occurs in sympatry with 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9AE0101DB0FC12864BFBB7" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[950,1066,1001,1026]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101DB0FC12864BFBB7" box="[950,1066,1001,1026]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Z. nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9AE0101A34FC1286EFFBB6" box="[1074,1166,1001,1027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9AE0101ACCFC128034FB93" authority="Moritz &amp; Wesener, 2017" authorityName="Moritz &amp; Wesener" authorityYear="2017" class="Diplopoda" family="Sphaerotheriidae" genus="Sphaeromimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="midongy">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101ACCFC128343FB93" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sphaeromimus midongy</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF878785FF9AE0101F2AFBF78034FB93" author="Moritz L. &amp; Wesener T." box="[300,597,1036,1062]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref27087" refString="Moritz L. &amp; Wesener T. 2017. Integrative description of two new species of Malagasy chirping giant pillmillipedes, genus Sphaeromimus (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae). European Journal of Taxonomy 381: 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2017.381" type="journal article" year="2017">
Moritz &amp; Wesener, 
<quantity id="4CEE5791FF9AE0101C1CFBF78034FB93" box="[538,597,1036,1062]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12318" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="2017.0">2017</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the remote mountainous forests of Midongy in the southeast of 
<collectingCountry id="F301BAE4FF9AE0101EBBFBD4832AFBFC" box="[189,331,1071,1097]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="132DE6F1FF9AE0101F5DFBD483C3FBFC" box="[347,418,1071,1097]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[228,1372,266,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-87@10.[202,1385,239,1881]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 3. Distribution map of the newly described species of Zoosphaerium. Vegetation color marks modified from Moat &amp; Smith 2007. 1 = Z. nigrum sp. nov.; 2 = Z. silens sp. nov.; 3 = Z. ambatovaky sp. nov.; 4 = Z. beanka sp. nov.; 5 = Z. voahangy sp. nov.; 6 = Z. masoala sp. nov.; 7 = Z. spinopiligerum sp. nov. Numbers followed by ‘a’ mark additional, non-type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5075830" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5075830/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CA9FFFF9AE0101EBBFB8A81B3FAF9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFB8A834EFB3E" blockId="36.[189,303,1137,1163]" box="[189,303,1137,1163]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0E14D18FF9AE0101EBBFB8A834EFB3E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1137,1163]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EBBFB8A834EFB3E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1137,1163]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFB648074FB4A" blockId="36.[189,1400,1183,1280]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
The female specimen examined here is only tentatively placed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9AE0101DC3FB5B86F7FB0C" authority="Wesener &amp; Sagorny, 2021" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Sagorny" authorityYear="2021" box="[965,1174,1183,1209]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinopiligerum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101DC3FB5B86F7FB0C" box="[965,1174,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Z. spinopiligerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2519B1DFF9AE0101A9BFB5B8699FB0F" box="[1181,1272,1184,1210]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as its COI barcode shows quite a p-distance to the male 
<typeStatus id="54AD44D6FF9AE0101CEBFB398135FB69" box="[749,852,1218,1244]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<tableCitation id="C694CFCFFF9AE0101D60FB3981A5FB69" box="[870,964,1218,1244]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[211,280,680,709]" captionTargetBox="[182,1986,803,1613]" captionText="Table 2. Estimates of evolutionary divergence between sequences. The number of base differences per site between sequences are shown. The analysis involved 30 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st +2nd+3rd. All ambiguous positions were removed for each sequence pair. There were a total of 674 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA6." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF69AAFCFFBAE0301ED5FD538702FCBF" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="DF69AAFCFFBAE0301ED5FD538702FCBF">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Such a distance is far higher than usually present in millipedes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9FA74FF9AE0101EBBFACB81B3FAF9" blockId="36.[189,978,1327,1356]" box="[189,978,1327,1356]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EBBFACB81B3FAF9" bold="true" box="[189,978,1327,1356]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101EBBFACB83B1FAF9" bold="true" box="[189,464,1327,1356]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">New locality data for</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1681F7FF9AE0101FDEFAD48162FAF9" box="[472,771,1327,1356]" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
Zoosphaerium 
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101CA1FACB8162FAF9" bold="true" box="[679,771,1328,1356]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">species</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9622666FF9AE0101D0DFACB81B3FAF9" bold="true" box="[779,978,1327,1356]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
in 
<collectingCountry id="F301BAE4FF9AE0101D28FAD481B3FAF9" box="[814,978,1327,1356]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>