443 lines
53 KiB
XML
443 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="4D288B1A79CC4497A4CD5F1E0E970E95" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177153" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd091955-3575-4f94-ba26-c3eeb6371dc4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177153" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459852081654" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva & Trivinho-Strixino, Susana" docDate="2007" docId="03B84253FFE60C66FF264D25FB4F9E1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01504p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1504" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chironomus detriticola Correia & Trivinho-Strixino, 2007, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FF813A2BFFE70C62FFB14F02FFEC9836" masterDocTitle="New species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698225380310" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2B27B43465C99F664235343330FB4187" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="826C01F35F5A65AA9DA4EB7B8596BAC7">
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<mods:title id="E5CFC8B9B3220FED98A847EFABDD5C9A">New species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2B2300D66A41497E9688A327B9215BC1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="76046E2475FBE37E37DA932B86CC53CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3E03209AEAAE8C4B6B60507D0B4318A8">Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C90780B5D339E6F6508A06F68EAEDC30">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="05CDA2F10272945587E20FF41857AF00">Trivinho-Strixino, Susana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="447EB7294E08D67EBA3015188393B003">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8033C5B289027AED765766CC82D62671">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DF05EBE021727332D08526FAE1D5E7C1">
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<mods:date id="12247E3A9EC39ACA499307D7A63FBCD7">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A07E992F86F2069324F295E3E5C2691E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4B52F397D0356D99CBDAACFF55FF06D6">1504</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="195EFFD26ED90F776591BD5AB749F769" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177153</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EC4526180372EEB6F16B098C792997F0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D73C55280B122FAD22A05901337C6D4B" type="Zenodo-Dep">177153</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B84253FFE60C66FF264D25FB4F9E1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6251258" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119362570" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6251258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B84253FFE60C66FF264D25FB4F9E1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B84253FFE60C66FF264D25FB4F9E1C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFE60C63FF264D25FE1F9A52" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF264D25FE159A77" blockId="1.[151,505,551,612]" box="[151,505,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="D0E64429FFE60C63FF264D25FE159A77" bold="true" box="[151,505,551,577]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF264D25FE159A77" bold="true" box="[151,505,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE60C63FF264D25FE5C9A77" ID-CoL="5XSXJ" box="[151,432,551,577]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF264D25FE5C9A77" bold="true" box="[151,432,551,577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Chironomus detriticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE60C63FE064D25FE159A77" box="[439,505,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF264D48FE1F9A52" blockId="1.[151,505,551,612]" box="[151,499,586,612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FF2E4D48FEE39A52" box="[159,271,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Figs. 3, 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FEAD4D48FE8B9A52" box="[284,359,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">12, 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FEC54D48FE789A52" box="[372,404,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FE114D48FE079A52" box="[416,491,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">30–35</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFE60C63FF264D98FABC9B1A" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF264D98FABC9B1A" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF264D98FEBC9A82" bold="true" box="[151,336,666,692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFE60C63FF264D98FF389A82" box="[151,212,666,692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
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material:
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFE60C63FEE94D98FE299A82" box="[344,453,666,692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male with pupal and larval exuviae.
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<collectingCountry id="F306B3D5FFE60C63FCCA4D98FC389A82" box="[891,980,666,692]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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: São Paulo, São Carlos, UFSCar campus, Fazzari Stream, in temporary pools,
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<date id="FFAFD585FFE60C63FDCA4DC0FD119AEA" box="[635,765,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" value="2001-03-29">29.iii.2001</date>
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, L. Correia (
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFE60C63FC234DC0FC3D9AEA" box="[914,977,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">LEA</collectionCode>
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).
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFE60C63FC544DC0FBB09AEA" box="[997,1116,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFE60C63FBD64DC0FB5A9AEA" box="[1127,1206,706,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal and larval exuviae,
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFE60C63FE824DE8FE699B32" box="[307,389,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal exuviae,
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFE60C63FD394DE8FD009B32" box="[648,748,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
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, as
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFE60C63FCAE4DE8FC659B32" box="[799,905,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFE60C63FC294DE8FC069B32" box="[920,1002,746,772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal and larval exuviae, São Paulo, São Carlos, UFSCar campus, Espraiado Stream, in pools,
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<date id="FFAFD585FFE60C63FC214C10FBEC9B1A" box="[912,1024,786,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" value="2001-04-05">5.iv.2001</date>
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, L. Correia (
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFE60C63FB224C10FB3C9B1A" box="[1171,1232,786,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">LEA</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFE60C63FB6D4C10FAAF9B1A" box="[1244,1347,786,812]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFE60C63FF774C38FD5E9C5A" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF774C38FA709B62" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" box="[198,1436,826,852]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF774C38FEBF9B62" bold="true" box="[198,339,826,852]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From Latin,
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FE5F4C38FDA49B65" box="[494,584,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">detritus</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FD314C38FD5F9B65" box="[640,691,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">cola</emphasis>
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, meaning detritus dweller; referring to the habitat of the larvae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF774C60FD5E9C5A" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF774C60FE339B4A" bold="true" box="[198,479,866,892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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The male can be distinguished from other Neotropical
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<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE60C63FB344C60FAF99B4D" box="[1157,1301,866,891]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FB344C60FAF99B4D" box="[1157,1301,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Chironomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by having yellowish brown legs with tarsi, tibia and distal third of femur dark brown; and by the elongated, hooked superior volsella. The pupa is indistinguishable from most described Neotropical species. The larva can be distinguished from other Neotropical species by the following combination of characters: abdomen with comparatively long lateral and ventral tubules, postmentum and frontoclypeus without pigmentation, antennal blade not surpassing segment three, mandible with two inner teeth, and mentum with trifid median tooth that appears as three equally sized teeth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFE60C66FF774B78FCBD9B04" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF774B78FEB19CA2" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" box="[198,349,1146,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF774B78FEEA9CA2" bold="true" box="[198,262,1146,1172]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Male</emphasis>
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(n = 4)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF744BA0FD209D6A" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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Length [4.3] 4.3–5.5, 5.0 mm. Coloration: head yellowish brown, flagellum and maxillary palp pale brown. Thorax yellowish brown with brown mesonotal stripes and posteromedian region darkened (as in
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FADF4BC8FF499D3A" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Sternum yellowish brown; scutellum yellowish; postnotum brownish, darkened in posterior portion. Abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FF684A18FECC9D02" box="[217,288,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) pale brown, tergites I–V with median dark brown markings. Legs (
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FBF24A18FB669D02" box="[1091,1162,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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) yellowish brown with distal third of femur, tibia, and tarsi dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF744A69FAF39DCA" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF744A69FEE09DB2" box="[197,268,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Head.</emphasis>
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Flagellum [920] 920–988, 961 µm long; AR = [2.66] 2.66–2.74, 2.70. Palpomere 2–5 lengths (in µm): [49] 37–49, 43; [148] 139–148, 143; [201] 198–201, 199; [287] 241–288, 272. Frontal tubercles about 12 µm long, 2 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral interocular distance [74] 74–167, 105 µm and [148] 148–185, 161 µm, respectively. Temporal setae [23] 23–33, 26. Clypeus with [19] 17–23, 20 setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF744909FDDA9E42" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF744909FECD9E12" box="[197,289,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Acrostichals [11] 11–13, 12, biserial, beginning near antepronotum; dorsocentrals [9] 8–9, 9, partly biserial; prealars [4] 4–5, 4; supraalar [1] 1. Scutellum with [10] 10–14, 12 uniserial, transversally arranged setae. Scutal tubercle low.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF744981FD979F2C" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF744981FEEB9EAA" box="[197,263,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length [2.05] 2.05–2.18,
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<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE60C63FDF24980FD5D9EAA" box="[579,689,1666,1692]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.11">2.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Membrane transparent, without setae; most veins pale brown; RM brown, darker than FCu. Brachiolum with [2] 2 setae; R with [28] 28–31, 29 setae; R1 with [24] 23–27, 25 setae; R4+5 with [30] 29–33, 31 setae in distal 2/3. Squama with [9] 9–10, 10 setae. R2+3 ends halfway between R1 and R4+5. VR = [1.03] 1.03–1.05, 1.04.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF744829FE259F46" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF744829FEE89F72" box="[197,260,1835,1860]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Mid- and hind ta1 with [8] 8–9, 8 and [8] 8–10, 9 sensilla chaetica, respectively. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE60C63FF74487CFA719FDE" blockId="1.[151,1437,666,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE60C63FF74487CFEB79FA1" box="[197,347,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FEDA487CFE299FAE" box="[363,453,1918,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anal tergal bands fully enclosing [10] 10–13, 12 strong setae. Anal point narrow basally, apex curving ventrad. Superior volsella (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE60C63FD6C48A4FC829FF6" box="[733,878,1958,1984]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Figs. 12, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
), narrow, elongate, strongly curved; basal lobe with [5] 5–6, 6 long setae. Inferior volsella weakly clubbed, not extending beyond mid-point of gonostylus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE50C60FF264F9AFEB398EC" blockId="2.[151,1401,152,258]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Gonostylus elongate, [148] 148–163, 156 µm long; distal part slender with [6] 5–6, 5 inner marginal setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FF774FBDFEEB98EF" bold="true" box="[198,263,191,217]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 4)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE50C60FF744FEAFC5E9934" blockId="2.[151,1401,152,258]" box="[197,946,232,258]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Length of abdomen [4.6] 4.5–4.9,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE50C60FDE94FEAFD599934" box="[600,693,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Exuviae pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6EA3CDFFE50C60FF264884FE5F9FD5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE50C60FF264884FE5F9FD5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1926,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FF264884FEA29FA8" bold="true" box="[151,334,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 1–11.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE50C60FE094885FD5C9FA8" box="[440,688,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FE094885FD5C9FA8" box="[440,688,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Chironomus detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE50C60FD074884FD1D9FA8" box="[694,753,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FD074884FD1D9FA8" bold="true" box="[694,753,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(3, 7);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE50C60FC8F4885FC599FA8" box="[830,949,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antonioi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FC8F4885FC599FA8" box="[830,949,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">C. antonioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FC0D4884FC1B9FA8" bold="true" box="[956,1015,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE50C60FC0D4884FC1B9FA8" box="[956,1015,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1, 4, 8);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE50C60FBEF4885FB169FA8" box="[1118,1274,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FBEF4885FB169FA8" box="[1118,1274,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">C. phytophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE50C60FB4E4884FAD79FA8" box="[1279,1339,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FB4E4884FAD79FA8" bold="true" box="[1279,1339,1926,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(2, 5, 9);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE50C60FF2648A8FEFC9FF7" box="[151,272,1962,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliveirai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FF2648A8FEFC9FF7" box="[151,272,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">C. oliveirai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FEA648ABFEB89FF7" bold="true" box="[279,340,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE50C60FEA648ABFEB89FF7" box="[279,340,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(6, 10); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE50C60FE6F48A8FDA59FF7" box="[478,585,1962,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fittkaui" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FE6F48A8FDA59FF7" box="[478,585,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">C. fittkaui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FDE148ABFD679FF7" bold="true" box="[592,651,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE50C60FDE148ABFD679FF7" box="[592,651,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(11).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FD7D48ABFD169FF7" bold="true" box="[716,762,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">1–2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal aspect of thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FBB948ABFBDA9FF7" bold="true" box="[1032,1078,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">3–6.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal aspect of abdomen.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE50C60FAD048ABFA709FF7" bold="true" box="[1377,1436,1961,1985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">7–11.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore-, mid-, and hind legs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6EA3CDFFE40C61FF2649D2FE439F1B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE40C61FF2649D2FE439F1B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1744,1837]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FF2649D2FEB19EDE" bold="true" box="[151,349,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 12–21.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE40C61FE7749D3FD529EDE" box="[454,702,1745,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FE7749D3FD529EDE" box="[454,702,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Chironomus detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FD7549D2FCEC9EDE" bold="true" box="[708,768,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE40C61FD7549D2FCEC9EDE" box="[708,768,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(12–13);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE40C61FCD949D3FC339EDE" box="[872,991,1745,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antonioi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FCD949D3FC339EDE" box="[872,991,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">C. antonioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FC5449D2FBCC9EDE" bold="true" box="[997,1056,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE40C61FC5449D2FBCC9EDE" box="[997,1056,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(14–15);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE40C61FB3949D3FACF9EDE" box="[1160,1315,1745,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FB3949D3FACF9EDE" box="[1160,1315,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">C. phytophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FA9B49D2FA899EDE" bold="true" box="[1322,1381,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE40C61FA9B49D2FA899EDE" box="[1322,1381,1744,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(16– 17);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE40C61FF7849F1FEAE9F3C" box="[201,322,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oliveirai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FF7849F1FEAE9F3C" box="[201,322,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">C. oliveirai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FEF849F1FE699F3D" bold="true" box="[329,389,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE40C61FEF849F1FE699F3D" box="[329,389,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(18–19); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE40C61FDAD49F1FD6A9F3C" box="[540,646,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fittkaui" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FDAD49F1FD6A9F3C" box="[540,646,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">C. fittkaui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FD3C49F1FD259F3D" bold="true" box="[653,713,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFE40C61FD3C49F1FD259F3D" box="[653,713,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(20–21).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FC8349F1FC189F3D" bold="true" box="[818,1012,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">12, 14, 16, 18, 20.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypopygium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FB2449F1FABB9F3D" bold="true" box="[1173,1367,1779,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">13, 15, 17, 19, 21.</emphasis>
|
||
Superior volsella, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE40C61FF744859FA989FAB" blockId="3.[151,1436,1883,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FF744859FE909F42" box="[197,380,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Cephalothorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalic tubercles conical; frontal setae [49] 18–49, 34 µm long. Thorax granulose in anteromedian dorsal region; scutal tubercle present; lateral antepronotals 2, precorneals 2, dorsocentrals 4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE40C66FF7448A9FECB9964" blockId="3.[151,1436,1883,2029]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE40C61FF7448A9FED09FF2" box="[197,316,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergite VI with fine shagreenation more numerous near posterior margin, T VII with fine shagreenation near anterior margin, T VIII with pair of posteromedian patches of fine shagreen, T V–VI with posterolateral point patches. Conjunctives IV/V and V/VI with fine shagreenation. Hook row continuous, occupying 2/3 width of segment II. Pedes spurii B present on segment II. Pedes spurii A present on segment IV. Spur on segment VIII with 1–2 apical teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FD614FEAFCC59934" box="[720,809,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Segments I–IV with 0, 3, 3, 3 L setae, respectively; segments V–VIII all with 4 taeniae. Anal lobe with 1 stout dorsal seta and about [107] 107–122, 116 taeniate fringe setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF774E5DFE33994C" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" box="[198,479,351,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF774E5DFE64994F" bold="true" box="[198,392,351,377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">4th instar larva</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 7)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF744E8AFEAF99FC" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Total length 8.0-12.0,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FE764E8AFDCF9994" box="[455,547,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Coloration: body red; head yellowish, postmentum and frontoclypeus without dark areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF744EDAFD5B9AD4" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF744EDAFEE099C7" box="[197,268,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral head length [261] 261–276, 269 µm; head width [441] 441–491, 469 µm. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FADD4EDAFF549A2C" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
), [171] 171–199, 190 µm long; AR = [1.35] 1.35–1.89, 1.64; ring organ near base; antennal blade not surpassing segment three. Pecten epipharyngis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FD194D2AFD139A74" box="[680,767,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
), simple, consisting of about 17 subequal teeth. Premandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FF524D52FED29A5C" box="[227,318,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
), bifid with well-developed brush. SI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FCA04D52FC879A5C" box="[785,875,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
), plumose. Mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FBCB4D52FB399A5C" box="[1146,1237,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
), with yellowish brown dorsal tooth, apical and two inner teeth blackish, inner margin with 2 spines. Mentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFE30C66FB494D7AFABD9AA4" box="[1272,1361,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
), with deeply incised trifid median tooth and 6 pairs of blackish, lateral teeth. Ventromental plates separated by about 1/4 width of mentum, anterior margin smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF744DF2FCBD9B04" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF744DF2FED09B3F" box="[197,316,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Anal tubules with median constriction; lateral tubules about 1/3 as long as 8th abdominal segment; with 2 pairs of ventral tubules, 1.1–1.5,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FD044C1AFCE29B04" box="[693,782,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFE30C66FF774C3DFB4F9E1C" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF774C3DFC799CDC" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF774C3DFED39B6F" bold="true" box="[198,319,831,857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The most similar Neotropical males are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FC9B4C42FBF89B6C" authority="Fittkau" authorityName="Fittkau" box="[810,1044,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strenzkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FC9B4C42FC599B6F" box="[810,949,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. strenzkei</emphasis>
|
||
Fittkau
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FB934C42FB109B6C" authority="Reiss" authorityName="Reiss" box="[1058,1276,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FB934C42FBD99B6F" box="[1058,1077,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FBF74C42FB5C9B6F" box="[1094,1200,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
Reiss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FABB4C42FEC99BB4" authority="Sublette et Sasa" authorityName="Sublette et Sasa" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FABB4C42FAF19B6F" box="[1290,1309,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FA9F4C42FAB09B6F" box="[1326,1372,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">joni</emphasis>
|
||
Sublette
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF614C6AFF099BB7" box="[208,229,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et</emphasis>
|
||
Sasa
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FED24C6AFD5E9BB4" authority="Sublette et Sasa." authorityName="Sublette et Sasa." box="[355,690,872,898]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuelkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FED24C6AFE9A9BB7" box="[355,374,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FE344C6AFE059BB7" box="[389,489,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">wuelkeri</emphasis>
|
||
Sublette
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FDE94C6AFD819BB7" box="[600,621,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et</emphasis>
|
||
Sasa.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FD084C6AFCB99BB7" box="[697,853,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FD084C6AFCB99BB7" box="[697,853,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from all these species on the leg coloration. Further, the shape of superior volsella separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FCE84C92FC1A9B9F" box="[857,1014,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FCE84C92FC1A9B9F" box="[857,1014,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FB8E4C92FB239B9F" box="[1087,1231,912,938]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FB8E4C92FBBE9B9F" box="[1087,1106,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FBD34C92FB239B9F" box="[1122,1231,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a less elongated and hooked volsella; and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FDCD4CBAFCE59BE7" box="[636,777,952,978]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strenzkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FDCD4CBAFD639BE7" box="[636,655,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FD2E4CBAFCE59BE7" box="[671,777,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">strenzkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a straighter volsella with blunt tip. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FAFD4CBAFA709BE7" box="[1356,1436,952,978]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FAFD4CBAFAB39BE7" box="[1356,1375,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FADF4CBAFA709BE7" box="[1390,1436,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">joni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the anal point in dorsal view is widest basally; and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FCBA4CE2FC7B9BCF" box="[779,919,992,1018]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FCBA4CE2FCF29BCF" box="[779,798,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FC9C4CE2FC7B9BCF" box="[813,919,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the gonostylus is wider, with rounded distal margin. The coloration of the abdominal tergites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FCBA4B0AFC469C17" box="[779,938,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FCBA4B0AFC469C17" box="[779,938,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FBFD4B0AFB379C17" box="[1100,1243,1032,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FBFD4B0AFBB39C17" box="[1100,1119,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FBC04B0AFB379C17" box="[1137,1243,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the wing lacks extensive dark markings, which is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FD144B32FCC29C7F" box="[677,814,1072,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strenzkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FD144B32FD549C7F" box="[677,696,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FD764B32FCC29C7F" box="[711,814,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">strenzkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and the wing is shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FB154B32FB189C7F" box="[1188,1268,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FB154B32FB189C7F" box="[1188,1268,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. joni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FA9D4B32FF549C47" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuelkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FA9D4B32FAD39C7F" box="[1324,1343,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FAFF4B32FF549C47" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">wuelkeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FED64B5AFDEA9C47" box="[359,518,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FED64B5AFDEA9C47" box="[359,518,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indistinguishable from most described pupae of Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FABD4B5AFA709C47" box="[1292,1436,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FABD4B5AFA709C47" box="[1292,1436,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Chironomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FEFE4B82FDC39CAC" authority="Say" authorityName="Say" box="[335,559,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmaterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FEFE4B82FE8E9CAF" box="[335,354,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FEC04B82FE169CAF" box="[369,506,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">stigmaterus</emphasis>
|
||
Say
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has strong shagreenation on tergites IV–VI. In the larva,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FA994B82FF559CF7" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FA994B82FAD79CAF" box="[1320,1339,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FAFA4B82FF559CF7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most similar Neotropical species. However, the two species can be separated on the length of the antennal blade, which is surpassing third segment in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FCB34BD2FC629CDF" box="[770,910,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FCB34BD2FCF99CDF" box="[770,789,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FC954BD2FC629CDF" box="[804,910,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFE30C66FF744BF5FB4F9E1C" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FF744BF5FEC29D27" bold="true" box="[197,302,1271,1297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FE714BFAFD349D27" box="[448,728,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detriticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FE714BFAFD349D27" box="[448,728,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Chironomus detriticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected from coarse detritus substrate formed by decomposing leaves, fruits, and brush woods in small marginal pools of the Fazzari Stream, where it coexisted with larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFE30C66FEF74A4AFE449D57" box="[326,424,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reissi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FEF74A4AFE449D57" box="[326,424,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">C. reissi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Correia
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFE30C66FDFB4A4AFD939D57" box="[586,639,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005), and in a pool in the Espraiado Stream. Both are first order streams, and tributaries to the Monjolinho River, which again is a tributary to the Jacaré-Guaçu River. They are located in protected areas with exuberant riparian vegetation on the UFSCar campus in São Carlos. The environmental characteristics of both habitats are shallow pools (Fazzari Stream, depth =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FB7A4AC2FAF59DEC" box="[1227,1305,1472,1498]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
; Espraiado Stream, depth =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FEE84AEAFE4A9E34" box="[345,422,1512,1538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
), with low levels of dissolved oxygen (Fazzari Stream =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FBF24AEAFB7B9E34" box="[1091,1175,1512,1538]" metricMagnitude="-7" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mg" value="0.7">0.7 mg</quantity>
|
||
/l; Espraiado Stream =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFE30C66FF264912FF159E1C" box="[151,249,1552,1578]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.32" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mg" value="4.32">4.32 mg</quantity>
|
||
/l), and acid water (Fazzari Stream pool, pH = 4.8; Espraiado Stream, pH = 5.5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |