1272 lines
186 KiB
XML
1272 lines
186 KiB
XML
<document id="5E184388B81DDC1FBA0166FB33A965C5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186378" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a00350bf-a7b0-47fd-aca1-8f1911375d1c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186378" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050956748" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm, Kirkegaard, Maja & Olesen, Jørgen" docDate="2009" docId="03B07F41FFF2FFE1FF153AFEFAC70689" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02035p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2035" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Arcticotantulus kristenseni Knudsen, Kirkegaard & Olesen, 2009, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FF890739FFFAFFF8FF823A69FFE4024F" masterDocTitle="The tantulocarid genus Arcticotantalus removed from Basipodellidae into Deoterthridae (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) after the description of a new species from Greenland, with first live photographs and an overview of the class" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698578857722" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="918B3A7F268DD0B3F3B91BD5C9137C4A">The tantulocarid genus Arcticotantalus removed from Basipodellidae into Deoterthridae (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) after the description of a new species from Greenland, with first live photographs and an overview of the class</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="36CBED67C078EE105F50F6F29A8226B1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D1A4179E6D78ECD7117A5BD957F911C1">Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="022D0E28E717E12A964CEB498234A265">Kirkegaard, Maja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AFB509951A0D247614CB7E03303B0EAA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BB8C38A0D97723DE901EFF0B134AA1FE">Olesen, Jørgen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8FA155140CE66554AEA27A95396BF062">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A3DBAAB3945E8D40A7F58A41950A47C5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CD20F82FEFAA19EB9A7500DEEBC49D5B">
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<mods:date id="8E71860C842780F0D50AE9038D73D723">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C5255F405E93A6E8A30A474494AEB5AD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4390B99C4EFFDBE9572D6AC80EE5E3B7">2035</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="77241D826AB939EF89C7FEBA7A4644E9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="25E30898DA037E0F785D3C3AD3A834CA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186378</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5339A1228FD6AD3BCDA3B05785BC668C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B07F41FFF2FFE1FF153AFEFAC70689" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612790" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612790" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B07F41FFF2FFE1FF153AFEFAC70689" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B07F41FFF2FFE1FF153AFEFAC70689" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFF2FFF0FF153AFEFD4F02FE" box="[151,683,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF153AFEFD4F02FE" blockId="8.[151,683,151,177]" box="[151,683,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0EE793BFFF2FFF0FF153AFEFD4F02FE" bold="true" box="[151,683,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FF153AFEFD4F02FE" bold="true" box="[151,683,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
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Species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF2FFF0FE833AFEFDA302FE" box="[257,583,151,177]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FE833AFEFDA302FE" bold="true" box="[257,583,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF2FFF0FDCC3AFEFD4F02FE" box="[590,683,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFF2FFF0FF153A89FB890018" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF153A89FDEA0320" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FF153A89FE7102B5" bold="true" box="[151,405,224,250]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A270F5FFF2FFF0FE1F3A88FDF702B4" box="[413,531,225,251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FDA23A88FD9302B4" box="[544,631,225,251]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FDFD3A88FD5B02B4" box="[639,703,225,251]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">CRU</collectionCode>
|
||
4889, tantulus larva attached dorsally to the first abdominal somite of a copepodid IV stage of an unidentified harpacticoid copepod (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF2FFF0FB803B61FBBD036E" box="[1026,1113,264,289]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FB803B61FBBD036E" box="[1026,1113,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.) mounted on a stub for SEM; collected at Iqpik fishing ground, Disko Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFF2FFF0FC853B47FC660307" box="[775,898,302,328]" name="Greenland" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FC163B47FBF40307" box="[916,1040,302,328]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="69.28667">69°17.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FB9F3B47FB7B0307" box="[1053,1183,302,328]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-53.24">53°14.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE163B2FFF2FFF0FB7D3B47FAAA0307" box="[1279,1358,302,328]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="198.0">198 m</quantity>
|
||
, by R. M. Kristensen,
|
||
<date id="FFA7E897FFF2FFF0FECE3B3CFDEE0320" box="[332,522,341,367]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" value="2001-08-16">16 August 2001</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF473B15FB890018" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A270F5FFF2FFF0FF473B15FEA703D9" box="[197,323,380,406]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: (n = 4)
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FE2D3B15FDE303D9" box="[431,519,380,406]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FD923B15FDB503D9" box="[528,593,380,406]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">CRU</collectionCode>
|
||
4890, mounted on a stub for SEM, same locality information as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A270F5FFF2FFF0FF153BCBFEE603F3" box="[151,258,418,444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FE8F3BCBFE8603F3" box="[269,354,418,444]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FEEB3BCBFE4303F3" box="[361,423,418,444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">CRU</collectionCode>
|
||
4891 (n = 18) mounted on a stub for SEM; collected at Iqpik fishing field, Disko Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFF2FFF0FF153BA0FEFF03AC" box="[151,283,457,483]" name="Greenland" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FEAC3BA0FE5003AC" box="[302,436,457,483]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="69.3">69°18.0'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FE403BA0FDA903AC" box="[450,589,457,483]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-53.191666">53°11.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE163B2FFF2FFF0FD373BA0FCA203AC" box="[693,838,457,483]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.66" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="168.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="166.0">166–170 m</quantity>
|
||
, by S. W. Knudsen, M. Kirkegaard, and R. M. Kristensen,
|
||
<date id="FFA7E897FFF2FFF0FEA43B99FE220045" box="[294,454,496,522]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" value="2002-07-12">12 July 2002</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FE503B99FDC30045" box="[466,551,496,522]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED085692FFF2FFF0FDB23B99FD890045" box="[560,621,496,522]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">CRU</collectionCode>
|
||
4872–4888 (n =15) as whole mounts in 100% glycogen solution for light microscopy; collected at Iqpik fishing ground, Disko Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFF2FFF0FC26387FFBC6007F" box="[932,1058,534,560]" name="Greenland" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FBB1387FFB55007F" box="[1075,1201,534,560]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="69.3">69°18.0'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2DA890FFF2FFF0FB3D387FFAA7007F" box="[1215,1347,534,560]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" precision="92" value="-53.191666">53°11.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CE163B2FFF2FFF0FF153854FEF90018" box="[151,285,573,599]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.66" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="168.0" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="166.0">166–170 m</quantity>
|
||
, by S. W. Knudsen, M. Kirkegaard, and R. M. Kristensen,
|
||
<date id="FFA7E897FFF2FFF0FC4C3854FB8D0018" box="[974,1129,573,599]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" value="2002-07-12">12 July 2002</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFF2FFF0FF47380AFC800601" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF47380AFC800601" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FF47380AFEA00032" bold="true" box="[197,324,611,637]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Tantulus larva comprising cephalon, thorax of six pedigerous somites and one limbless somite, and an undivided abdomen. First thoracic tergite largely concealed beneath posterior margin of dorsal cephalic shield. Cephalic shield triangular; ornamentation consisting of two anterior and four posterior pairs of pores, three pairs of which have an emergent sensillum; surface lamellae present. Cephalic stylet slightly curved in lateral aspect. Thoracopods 1 to 5 each with unsegmented protopod bearing a well developed medial endite. Exopod of thoracopods 1 to 5 two-segmented with 3 (leg 1) or 4 setae (legs 2–5). Of these, the two on the outer margin share a common base, and the one (or two) on the inward side has a second base – if two setae are present on the inward side, they also share a common base. Endopod indistinctly subdivided (terminal part as rigid spine bearing a spatulate process) with 1 seta (legs 1 and 2) or 2 setae (legs 3–5). The endopod setae originate medially from the first segment of the endopod. Thoracopod 6 with unsegmented protopod and one unsegmented ramus. Abdomen twice as long as wide with superficial ornamentation. Caudal rami small, each with three setae (two large and one small). Host is an undescribed species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF2FFF0FF613E5DFDF30601" box="[227,535,1076,1102]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FF613E5DFEDD0602" box="[227,313,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
(Ectinosomatidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Copepoda:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF2FFF0FD2C3E5DFCBC0601" box="[686,856,1076,1102]" class="Maxillopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Harpacticoida</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFF2FFE9FF473E33FB3705A0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF473E33FF090488" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FF473E33FE85063B" bold="true" box="[197,353,1114,1140]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF2FFF0FEEB3E32FDF3063B" box="[361,535,1115,1140]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Tantulus larva</emphasis>
|
||
: The body consists of a prosome and a urosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FBF03E33FB25063B" box="[1138,1217,1114,1140]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 10) (terminology after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFF2FFF0FF513EE8FE0F06D4" author="Boxshall" box="[211,491,1153,1179]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Vader, W. (1993) A new genus of Tantulocarida (Crustacea) parasitic on an amphipod host from the North Sea. Journal of Natural History, 27, 977 - 988." type="journal article" year="1993">Boxshall & Vader 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): Fig. 10B, D clarifies the relation between the prosome/urosome and the thorax/ abdomen. The prosome consists of a cephalon and the six anterior pedigerous thoracic somites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FA8D3EC1FAB1068D" box="[1295,1365,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, t1- t6). The urosome is two-segmented, consisting of the seventh, limbless, thoracic somite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FB473EA7FAE806A7" box="[1221,1292,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, t7) and a free, rather long abdominal somite. Total body length varies from 147 µm to 192 µm, measured from the anterior margin of the cephalic shield to the posterior end of the caudal rami. The cephalic shield is 1.3 to 1.5 times longer than wide, varying in length from 43 µm to 48 µm, and in width from 29 µm to 37 µm. The cephalic shield tapers off towards the anteriorly located oral disc and is ornamented with longitudinal lamellae approximately 1 µm high. A rostrum is absent. The cephalon bears six pairs of pores in total (based on SEM) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FF1D3FDFFF08079F" box="[159,236,1462,1488]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 12). The cephalic pore pairs follow the formula: A I-II, D I-III, L I, and no median or ventral pores were observed. Two pairs are located anterior on the cephalon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FCC63F89FC6A07B5" box="[836,910,1504,1530]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12D) (A I- II); of them, A II has an emergent sensillum. Three pairs are located dorsally, more or less close to the posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FB103C63FB38046B" box="[1170,1244,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12) (D I-III); of them, D I has an emergent sensillum. Finally, one pair is located subdorsally at the posterior margin of the cephalon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FE933C34FEBF0438" box="[273,347,1629,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 12) (L I), with an emergent sensillum. The oral disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FC673C34FBCB0438" box="[997,1071,1629,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 3B) is approximately 10–12 µm in diameter. A protruding organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FDE33CEFFD4904EF" box="[609,685,1670,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,184,1542]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1400,171,1553]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., internal morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Lateral view. B. Cephalon, internal structures, dorsal view. C. Cephalon of A, enlarged, internal structures, lateral view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), cephalic stylet (cs), globular bodies (gb), protruding organ (po), oral disc (od), swellings on tubular structures (sts), transverse lamellae (tl), tubular structures (ts)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186382/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C, po) stretches from the oral disc into the host, but is barely visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF473CBDFA78052D" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Internal structures in the head were only weakly discernible in light microscopy. The cephalic stylet (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FAEE3CBDFF43055B" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,184,1542]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1400,171,1553]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., internal morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Lateral view. B. Cephalon, internal structures, dorsal view. C. Cephalon of A, enlarged, internal structures, lateral view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), cephalic stylet (cs), globular bodies (gb), protruding organ (po), oral disc (od), swellings on tubular structures (sts), transverse lamellae (tl), tubular structures (ts)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186382/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A, cs) is slightly curved, with a hollow base. Tubular structures (ts) are spread throughout the inside of the head with no apparent symmetry (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FDBE3D48FD6D0574" box="[572,649,1825,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,184,1542]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1400,171,1553]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., internal morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Lateral view. B. Cephalon, internal structures, dorsal view. C. Cephalon of A, enlarged, internal structures, lateral view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), cephalic stylet (cs), globular bodies (gb), protruding organ (po), oral disc (od), swellings on tubular structures (sts), transverse lamellae (tl), tubular structures (ts)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186382/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). No surface openings connecting to the tubular structures were discernable. Globular bodies (gb) seem to be randomly distributed near the posterior rim of the head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FAB13D21FA9E052D" box="[1331,1402,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[186,1393,184,1542]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1400,171,1553]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., internal morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Lateral view. B. Cephalon, internal structures, dorsal view. C. Cephalon of A, enlarged, internal structures, lateral view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), cephalic stylet (cs), globular bodies (gb), protruding organ (po), oral disc (od), swellings on tubular structures (sts), transverse lamellae (tl), tubular structures (ts)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186382/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF2FFF0FF443D07FA9C05E0" blockId="8.[151,1437,224,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Six thoracopods are present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FDA63D07FD9605C7" box="[548,626,1902,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FD003D07FD7705C7" box="[642,659,1902,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,184,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,152,1263]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Thoracopods 5 and 6 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left side, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 5. B. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spine on exopod (sex), spine on medial endite (sme), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186384/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FD233D07FD2505C7" box="[673,705,1902,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,260,1561,1585]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,178,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[150,1445,167,1533]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Thoracopods of tantulus of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. with male inside in early state of development (SEM), all photos of same specimen (ZMUC CRU 4891). A. Ventro-lateral view. B. Close-up of thoracopods in A. C. Thoracopods 1 and 2 (enlargement of B). Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), thoracopods 1 to 6 (thp 1 – 6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186389/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF2FFF0FD523D07FD1505C7" box="[720,753,1902,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,256,1539,1563]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[147,1455,175,1516]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Thoracopods and urosome of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. (SEM), tantulus with developing male inside. All photos are of same specimen (ZMUC CRU 4891). A. Thoracopods 1 to 6 (left side) and urosome. B. Thoracopods 1 and 2 (left side). C. Thoracopods 2 and 3 (left side). D. Thoracopods 4 to 6 (left side). E. Urosome (and abdomen). Abbreviations: abdomen (abd), thoracopods 1 to 6 (thp 1 – 6), thorax somite 7 (t 7), urosome (uro)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186390/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thoracopods 1–5 consists of an unsegmented protopod with small, superficial spines or small ‘hairs’, a median endite with one spine, an exopod, and an endopod.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF3FFF1FF153D45FE5005BE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF3FFF1FF153D45FE5005BE" blockId="9.[151,1437,1836,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF3FFF1FF153D45FEFD050B" bold="true" box="[151,281,1836,1860]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF3FFF1FD423D44FC39050B" box="[704,989,1837,1860]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF3FFF1FD423D44FC39050B" box="[704,989,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF3FFF1FC613D45FBDC050B" bold="true" box="[995,1080,1836,1860]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF3FFF1FC613D45FBDC050B" box="[995,1080,1836,1860]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF0FFF2FF153F6EFC3707E6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186384/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[153,1433,184,1249]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF0FFF2FF153F6EFC3707E6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1287,1449]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF0FFF2FF153F6EFEFE0750" bold="true" box="[151,282,1287,1311]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracopods 5 and 6 of tantulus larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF0FFF2FD5F3F61FC180750" box="[733,1020,1288,1311]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF0FFF2FD5F3F61FC180750" box="[733,1020,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF0FFF2FB813F6EFBBD0750" bold="true" box="[1027,1113,1287,1311]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF0FFF2FB813F6EFBBD0750" box="[1027,1113,1287,1311]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, right and left side, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU4887). A. Thoracopods 5. B. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spine on exopod (sex), spine on medial endite (sme), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF0FFF2FF473FBEFB670470" blockId="10.[151,1437,1495,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Thoracopod 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FEF53FBEFE2507BE" box="[375,449,1495,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 13C) has an endopod, which is indistinctly divided into two segments, and a twosegmented exopod. The exopod bears two long setae and one small, all with denticles (based on SEM). The endopod bears one seta with denticles and a long, slender process with a spatulate tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF0FFF2FF473C22FC6E04FC" blockId="10.[151,1437,1495,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Thoracopod 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FEFA3C22FE26042A" box="[376,450,1611,1637]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 13C, 14A–C) has a two-segmented exopod that bears two small spines, two large setae with denticles, and two small, slender setae (these appear naked in LM but show small denticles in SEM). The endopod (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FE173CF0FE3E04FC" box="[405,474,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B) is similar to that on thoracopod 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF0FFF2FF473CD6FED8053B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1495,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Thoracopods 3–4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FE273CD6FE080496" box="[421,492,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C and 5D) have a two-segmented exopod and an unsegmented endopod that is produced into a long, slender process. The exopod bears a small spine on the distal segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FB4C3C8FFAF7054F" box="[1230,1299,1766,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 5D), two setae with long denticles, and two thin setae that appear naked in LM. The proximal portion of the endopod is thick relative to the long, slender distal portion, which bears two setae and has a spatulate process distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FF1D3D33FF01053B" box="[159,229,1882,1908]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,182,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[216,1368,158,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Thoracopods 1 to 4 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 1. B. Thoracopods 2. C. Thoracopods 3. D. Thoracopods 4. E. Thoracopods 5. F. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spines on medial endite (sme), spine on exopod (sex), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186383/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 5D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF0FFF2FF473DE8FF3A05A7" blockId="10.[151,1437,1495,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Thoracopod 5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FEFA3DE8FE5805D4" box="[376,444,1921,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,184,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,152,1263]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Thoracopods 5 and 6 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left side, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 5. B. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spine on exopod (sex), spine on medial endite (sme), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186384/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A) has a two-segmented exopod that bears two small spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF0FFF2FB043DE8FB2805D4" box="[1158,1228,1921,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,184,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,152,1263]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Thoracopods 5 and 6 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left side, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 5. B. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spine on exopod (sex), spine on medial endite (sme), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186384/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A, sex), two setae with denticles, and two thin setae that appear naked in LM. The endopod is similar to those on thoracopods 3 and 4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF1FFF3FF153F6EFCED07C9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF1FFF3FF153F6EFCED07C9" blockId="11.[151,1436,1287,1414]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF1FFF3FF153F6EFEFF0750" bold="true" box="[151,283,1287,1311]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF1FFF3FE123F61FD550750" box="[400,689,1288,1311]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF1FFF3FE123F61FD550750" box="[400,689,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF1FFF3FD3B3F6EFCF40750" bold="true" box="[697,784,1287,1311]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF1FFF3FD3B3F6EFCF40750" box="[697,784,1287,1311]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF1FFF3FF473FDCFC760453" blockId="11.[151,1437,1461,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Thoracopod 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF1FFF3FEF53FDCFE590780" box="[375,445,1461,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,184,1249]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,152,1263]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Thoracopods 5 and 6 of tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., right and left side, seen from anterior (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4887). A. Thoracopods 5. B. Thoracopods 6. Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), medial endite (me), protopod (pro), spine on protopod (ps), spine on exopod (sex), spine on medial endite (sme), spatulate process (sp). The denticles on the setae, the spines on the exopods, and the spines on the protopods were not seen in the light microscope, but only observed on pictures obtained by SEM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186384/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B) consists of a protopod with small spines but no median endite. The protopod has a one-segmented exopod with setae that have denticles. We did not detect any coupling spines on the median endites of the protopods but cannot exclude that they are present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF1FFF3FF473C40FEDE05D0" blockId="11.[151,1437,1461,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The first tergite is largely concealed beneath the posterior rim of the cephalon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF1FFF3FBE13C40FB4D040C" box="[1123,1193,1577,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 10). The tergites on the first to sixth thoracic somites each have a distinct transverse lamella and are further subdivided into characteristic polygonal patterns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF1FFF3FDB33C1FFD6404DF" box="[561,640,1654,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 10). The seventh thoracic somite (urosome segment 1) is short – about twice as wide as long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF1FFF3FE743CF4FDA704F8" box="[502,579,1693,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 10D). The unsegmented abdomen (urosome segment 2) is relatively long – about twice its width – with sides that are parallel anteriorly but converge slightly posteriorly. Dorsally the abdomen is superficially divided into a segment-like pattern: the anterior part bears about three rows of curved, transverse lamellae, while the posterior part bears three transversely orientated and denticle-serrated lamellae, the middle one of which has a characteristic ‘w-shaped’ pattern (Fig. 10D, arrow). The posterior lamella partly covers a pair of small caudal rami, each with two large and one small setae all bearing denticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF1FFF3FF1D3DECFF0E05D0" box="[159,234,1925,1951]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 10B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF1FFF5FF473DC5FCD105BD" blockId="11.[151,1437,1461,2028]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,1583,2034]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF1FFF3FF473DC5FEE5058A" box="[197,257,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Male</emphasis>
|
||
: In spite of several attempts, we were unable to free a male successfully from the sac of the tantulus larvae. A complete description of the male depends on the setation of the limbs, and we have been unable to discern these features with certainty in light microscopy alone. Instead, only a few remarks will be made to supplement the figures presented. The description is based on developing males not yet released from the surrounding tantulus trunk sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF7FFF5FD8B3C15FDB704D9" box="[521,595,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 8, 9, 11B, 14, 17). The trunk sac is developed behind the sixth tergite of the attached larva and there is no additional swelling between the cephalic shield and the first tergite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF7FFF5FAEA3CCBFF4204AC" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 8, 11A). The developing male inside the trunk sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF7FFF5FCA63CA0FC8D04AC" box="[804,873,1737,1763]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A) has six pairs of thoracopods with setae and a fine, honeycomb-like ornamentation on the head shield as well as on the six tergites and the urosome. On the head shield of the developing male large pores are visible in LM, but apparently no internal structures are connected to them at this stage of development. A long umbilical cord-like organ (term from Boxshall 1988) is visible through the trunk sac, connecting the male with the head of the attached larvae. No penis could be discerned in light microscopy but it could have been overlooked, since it is usually found behind the sixth pair of thoracopods (see Boxshall & Huys 1989;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFF7FFF5FD503DD8FC5F0584" author="Huys" box="[722,955,1969,1995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R., Ohtsuka, S., Boxshall, G. A. & Ito, T. (1992 b) Itoitantulus misophricola gen. et. sp. nov.: First record of Tantulocarida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) in the North Pacific region. Zoological Science, 9, 875 - 886." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Huys
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF7FFF5FC9F3DD8FCB20585" box="[797,854,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1992b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Boxshall
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF7FFF5FBC03DD8FB980585" box="[1090,1148,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1989). Three pairs of aesthetascs are present on the head of the male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF7FFF5FD4B3DB1FCEB05BD" box="[713,783,2008,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF6FFF4FF153D06FE9205A1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186386/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[198,1397,194,1867]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF6FFF4FF153D06FE9205A1" blockId="12.[151,1437,1903,2030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF6FFF4FF153D06FEFE05C8" bold="true" box="[151,282,1903,1927]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Harpacticoid host with attached developing male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF6FFF4FCD33D06FB8B05C9" box="[849,1135,1903,1926]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF6FFF4FCD33D06FB8B05C9" box="[849,1135,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF6FFF4FBF73D06FB2805C8" bold="true" box="[1141,1228,1903,1927]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF6FFF4FBF73D06FB2805C8" box="[1141,1228,1903,1927]" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
within trunk sac of tantulus larva (SEM) (ZMUC CRU4891). A. Dorsal view of host and developing tantulocarid male. B. Dorsal view of developing male, enlargement of A. C. Cephalon and thoracic tergites, enlargement of B. Abbreviations: thoracic somites 1 to 6 (t1-t6)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF7FFF5FF153FE8FBD5044F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186387/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[150,1436,179,1384]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF7FFF5FF153FE8FBD5044F" blockId="13.[151,1436,1409,1536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF7FFF5FF153FE8FEF907D6" bold="true" box="[151,285,1409,1433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF7FFF5FEA63FE8FDAE07D7" box="[292,586,1409,1432]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF7FFF5FEA63FE8FDAE07D7" box="[292,586,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF7FFF5FDD03FE8FD4E07D6" bold="true" box="[594,682,1409,1433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF7FFF5FDD03FE8FD4E07D6" box="[594,682,1409,1433]" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in different stages of development attached to harpacticoid copepod hosts (SEM) (ZMUC CRU4891). A. Three tantulocaridans on one host: one developing male (ma) and two late tantulus larvae (tan). B. One tantulocarid attached to a copepod host: one developing male (ma). C. Three tantulocaridans on one host: a parthenogenetic female (fe), a developing male (ma), and a tantulus larva (tan).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF4FFF6FF153D22FC0C05BF" blockId="14.[151,1437,1867,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF4FFF6FF153D22FEC2052C" bold="true" box="[151,294,1867,1891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Tantulus larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF4FFF6FE663D25FCE5052C" box="[484,769,1868,1891]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF4FFF6FE663D25FCE5052C" box="[484,769,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF4FFF6FC853D22FCB9052C" bold="true" box="[775,861,1867,1891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF4FFF6FC853D22FCB9052C" box="[775,861,1867,1891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(SEM), all photos of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A270F5FFF4FFF6FBC33D25FB7A052C" box="[1089,1182,1868,1891]" pageId="14" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(ZMUC CRU4889). A. Dorso-lateral view. B. Dorsal view, showing demarcations between prosome and urosome, and between thorax and abdomen. C. Close-up of anterior cephalic pores and oral disc, pore A I without emergent sensillum, pore A II with emergent sensillum. D. Dorsal view of urosome, showing demarcation between thorax and abdomen, With arrow pointing at characteristic ‘w-shaped’ serrated edge in cuticle of abdomen (sew).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFF5FFF7FF153C3EFEC504FC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186388/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[159,1436,184,1605]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF5FFF7FF153C3EFEC504FC" blockId="15.[151,1436,1623,1715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF5FFF7FF153C3EFEC00420" bold="true" box="[151,292,1623,1647]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFF5FFF7FEA83C3EFDA30421" box="[298,583,1623,1646]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF5FFF7FEA83C3EFDA30421" box="[298,583,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFF5FFF7FDCF3C3EFD460420" box="[589,674,1623,1647]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF5FFF7FDCF3C3EFD460420" bold="true" box="[589,674,1623,1647]" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
at different stages of development (SEM) (ZMUC CRU4891). A. Early tantulus that has begun to develop a male inside. B. Developing male. C. Oral disc of detached parthenogenetic female, ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFF5FFE8FF473C8BFD2D0297" blockId="15.[151,1437,1762,2020]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,152,216]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFF5FFF7FF473C8BFE0C04B4" box="[197,488,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Parthenogenetic female</emphasis>
|
||
: The larval thoracic somites and urosome are sloughed early in development when the trunk sac is as yet still smaller than the cephalon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF5FFF7FCCD3D61FC47056D" box="[847,931,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The two least developed females found measured 67 µm and 82 µm in length, respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF5FFF7FC8A3D46FCBA0506" box="[776,862,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 16B). The trunk sac grows (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF5FFF7FB533D46FACC0506" box="[1233,1320,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) until the complete length of the female is about 405 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFF5FFF7FD783D3FFCA8053F" box="[762,844,1878,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 17A, 17B). The egg sac inside the trunk sac measured 345 µm in length. No gonopore or abscission scar of the larval trunk was discernible but it may have been overlooked. No long, slender neck was seen on any specimen, similar to the one reported from females of some other species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFF5FFF7FDA43DA3FD0705AB" author="Boxshall" box="[550,739,1994,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. (1991) A review of the biology and phylogenetic relationships of the Tantulocarida, a subclass of Crustacea recognized in 1983. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, 84, 271 - 279." type="journal article" year="1991">Boxshall 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFF5FFF7FD733DA3FBFB05AB" author="Boxshall" box="[753,1055,1994,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Vader, W. (1993) A new genus of Tantulocarida (Crustacea) parasitic on an amphipod host from the North Sea. Journal of Natural History, 27, 977 - 988." type="journal article" year="1993">Boxshall & Vader 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFF5FFF7FBAF3DA3FADA05AB" author="Grygier" box="[1069,1342,1994,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="67" refString="Grygier, M. J. & Sieg, J. (1988) Microdajus (Crustacea: Tantulocarida) parasitic on an Antarctic tanaidacean, and a range extension of M. langi Greve. Journal of Natural History, 22, 1495 - 1505." type="journal article" year="1988">Grygier & Sieg 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Three undeveloped females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEAFFE8FE233AF1FE1202FD" box="[417,502,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) had what could be the beginning of a rootlet system penetrating the cuticle of the host through the oral disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEAFFE8FE793AD7FDB40297" box="[507,592,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
D, arrow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEAFFE8FF153D3BFC5B05FE" blockId="16.[151,1436,1874,1974]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEAFFE8FF153D3BFEC20525" bold="true" box="[151,294,1874,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalon of tantulus larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEAFFE8FDE93D3BFC6D0526" box="[619,905,1874,1897]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEAFFE8FDE93D3BFC6D0526" box="[619,905,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEAFFE8FC0D3D3BFC000525" bold="true" box="[911,996,1874,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFEAFFE8FC0D3D3BFC000525" box="[911,996,1874,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with well-developed male inside (SEM), all photos of same same specimen (ZMUC CRU4891).Pores on cephalon: A I-II, D I-III, L I. A. Lateral view. B. Close-up of anterior pores: A I-II. C. Close-up of posterior pores: D I-III, L I. D. Dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFEBFFE9FF153C70FECB04D7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[161,1434,178,1532]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEBFFE9FF153C70FECB04D7" blockId="17.[151,1437,1561,1688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEBFFE9FF153C70FED5047E" bold="true" box="[151,305,1561,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracopods of tantulus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEBFFE9FDF83C70FC55047F" box="[634,945,1561,1584]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEBFFE9FDF83C70FC55047F" box="[634,945,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEBFFE9FC3B3C70FBF2047E" bold="true" box="[953,1046,1561,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFEBFFE9FC3B3C70FBF2047E" box="[953,1046,1561,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with male inside in early state of development (SEM), all photos of same specimen (ZMUC CRU4891). A. Ventro-lateral view. B. Close-up of thoracopods in A. C. Thoracopods 1 and 2 (enlargement of B). Abbreviations: endopod (en), exopod (ex), thoracopods 1 to 6 (thp 1–6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEBFFE9FF473CAEFB3705A0" blockId="17.[151,1437,1734,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEBFFE9FF473CAEFE9404AF" box="[197,368,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Sexual female</emphasis>
|
||
: One fully developed individual with the larval trunk sloughed – which is the external characteristic of a female – was observed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEBFFE9FD1E3C84FD100548" box="[668,756,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,210,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1775]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 17. Developmental stages of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. (LM). A. Parthenogenetic female (arrow points at head of female) attached to host (ZMUC CRU 4872). B. Parthenogenetic female with embryos inside (enlargement of A). C. Living female in late stage of development, probably a sexual female (see Discussion), with developing abdomen (arrow) (ZMUC CRU 4873). D. Live male in late stage of development (LM) attached to cephalon of harpacticoid host (ZMUC CRU 4877). E. Close-up of D. Abbreviations: cephalic stylet in larval head (cs), male antennular aesthetascs (aes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186393/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Since the trunk sac of this individual did not contain developing eggs, but a large mass of apparently undifferentiated tissue, we interpret it as being a sexual female in the early course of its development. The contents of the trunk sac displayed approximately the same shape as the developing sexual females reported by Huys
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEBFFE9FCD13D08FC6C0535" box="[851,904,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1993b) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEBFFE9FBB13D08FA7C0534" author="Ohtsuka" box="[1075,1432,1889,1915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="67" refString="Ohtsuka, S. & Boxshall, G. A. (1998) Two new genera of Tantulocarida (Crustacea) infesting asellote isopods and siphonostomatoid copepods from western Japan. Journal of Natural History, 32, 683 - 699." type="journal article" year="1998">Ohtsuka and Boxshall (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Posteriorly, the presumptive abdomen is partly separated from the remaining body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEBFFE9FB0E3DE1FB0105ED" box="[1164,1253,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,210,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1775]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 17. Developmental stages of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. (LM). A. Parthenogenetic female (arrow points at head of female) attached to host (ZMUC CRU 4872). B. Parthenogenetic female with embryos inside (enlargement of A). C. Living female in late stage of development, probably a sexual female (see Discussion), with developing abdomen (arrow) (ZMUC CRU 4873). D. Live male in late stage of development (LM) attached to cephalon of harpacticoid host (ZMUC CRU 4877). E. Close-up of D. Abbreviations: cephalic stylet in larval head (cs), male antennular aesthetascs (aes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186393/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
C, arrow). Two other individuals had a similar trunk sac with undifferentiated tissue inside (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEBFFE9FB883DC7FBB80587" box="[1034,1116,1966,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
A and 16B), and resembled the potential sexual female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEBFFE9FE633DBCFDD305A0" box="[481,567,2005,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="21.[151,257,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,210,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1775]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 17. Developmental stages of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. (LM). A. Parthenogenetic female (arrow points at head of female) attached to host (ZMUC CRU 4872). B. Parthenogenetic female with embryos inside (enlargement of A). C. Living female in late stage of development, probably a sexual female (see Discussion), with developing abdomen (arrow) (ZMUC CRU 4873). D. Live male in late stage of development (LM) attached to cephalon of harpacticoid host (ZMUC CRU 4877). E. Close-up of D. Abbreviations: cephalic stylet in larval head (cs), male antennular aesthetascs (aes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186393/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="58">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
C). No further observations were made on this specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFE8FFEAFF153C6AFAF204CD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186390/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[155,1436,182,1511]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE8FFEAFF153C6AFAF204CD" blockId="18.[151,1437,1539,1666]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFF153C6AFECC0454" bold="true" box="[151,296,1539,1563]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracopods and urosome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFDF63C6AFC730455" box="[628,919,1539,1562]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFDF63C6AFC730455" box="[628,919,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFC1C3C6AFC110454" bold="true" box="[926,1013,1539,1563]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE8FFEAFC1C3C6AFC110454" box="[926,1013,1539,1563]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(SEM), tantulus with developing male inside. All photos are of same specimen (ZMUC CRU4891). A. Thoracopods 1 to 6 (left side) and urosome. B. Thoracopods 1 and 2 (left side). C. Thoracopods 2 and 3 (left side). D. Thoracopods 4 to 6 (left side). E. Urosome (and abdomen). Abbreviations: abdomen (abd), thoracopods 1 to 6 (thp1–6), thorax somite 7 (t7), urosome (uro).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFE8FFEAFF473CD9FE580557" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE8FFEAFF473CD9FE580557" blockId="18.[151,1437,1712,2009]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFF473CD9FEBF0485" bold="true" box="[197,347,1712,1738]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after Prof. Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen (Zoological Museum, Copenhagen), in honour of his work on marine invertebrates in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFE8FFEAFC2D3CBEFBD704BE" box="[943,1075,1751,1777]" name="Greenland" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. He was the first to catch the species described herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFE8FFECFF443D4DFCEC03D3" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE8FFEBFF443D4DFB6E0369" blockId="18.[151,1437,1712,2009]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,152,294]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFF443D4DFEAE0571" bold="true" box="[198,330,1828,1854]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
. The Tantulocarida are at present divided into five families, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFB073D4CFAD70570" box="[1157,1331,1829,1855]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 8 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFE863D22FE41052A" box="[260,421,1867,1893]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 11 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFD013D22FCFB052A" box="[643,799,1867,1893]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Microdajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 5 species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFC723D22FB46052A" box="[1008,1186,1867,1893]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Onceroxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Onceroxenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 2 species), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFF153D1BFE6C05C3" box="[151,392,1906,1932]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Doryphallophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with 3 species). With this new species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFCFA3D1BFB5E05C4" box="[888,1210,1906,1931]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFCFA3D1BFB5E05C4" box="[888,1210,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFB403D1BFAC705C3" bold="true" box="[1218,1315,1906,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE8FFEAFB403D1BFAC705C3" box="[1218,1315,1906,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) included and with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFE883DF0FE6B05FD" box="[266,399,1945,1970]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFE883DF0FE6B05FD" box="[266,399,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFDDA3DF0FCE705FC" box="[600,771,1945,1971]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFC143DF0FBAF05FC" box="[918,1099,1945,1971]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
contains 7 species, and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFF153DD6FEDC0596" box="[151,312,1983,2009]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 13 species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFE8FFEAFE523DD6FDCC0596" box="[464,552,1983,2009]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[119,197,543,563]" captionText="TABLE 1. List of known species of Tantulocarida" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The present description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE8FFEAFCFF3DA9FBF90596" box="[893,1053,1984,2009]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFCFF3DA9FBF90596" box="[893,1053,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE8FFEAFBA63DD6FB660596" bold="true" box="[1060,1154,1983,2009]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE8FFEAFBA63DD6FB660596" box="[1060,1154,1983,2009]" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the coastal waters of West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFE9FFEBFF7A3AF1FE9602FD" box="[248,370,152,178]" name="Greenland" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
broadens the geographical distribution of the Tantulocarida but is not the first discovery of this group in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFE9FFEBFEB23AD7FE4A0297" box="[304,430,190,216]" name="Greenland" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFE3B3AD6FC420297" authority="Huys, Mojbjerg" authorityName="Huys, Mojbjerg" box="[441,934,190,216]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" genus="Polynyapodella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambrosei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFE3B3AD6FD070297" box="[441,739,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Polynyapodella ambrosei</emphasis>
|
||
Huys, Møjbjerg
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and Kristensen, 1997 (q.v.) has previously been described from Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFE9FFEBFD963A8CFD7102B0" box="[532,661,229,255]" name="Greenland" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Of all described tantulocaridans
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFBAF3A8CFB3702B1" box="[1069,1235,229,254]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFBAF3A8CFB3702B1" box="[1069,1235,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFB593A8CFAD802B0" bold="true" box="[1243,1340,229,255]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE9FFEBFB593A8CFAD802B0" box="[1243,1340,229,255]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFE8F3B65FE68036A" box="[269,396,268,293]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFE8F3B65FE68036A" box="[269,396,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is therefore described as a second species in the same genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFE9FFEBFF153C23FE94057E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186391/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[150,1436,334,1585]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE9FFEBFF153C23FE94057E" blockId="19.[151,1437,1610,1841]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFF153C23FEC3042D" bold="true" box="[151,295,1610,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Live tantulus larvae and some developing males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFCD83C23FB9D042E" box="[858,1145,1610,1633]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFCD83C23FB9D042E" box="[858,1145,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE9FFEBFB023C23FB33042D" box="[1152,1239,1610,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFB023C23FB33042D" bold="true" box="[1152,1239,1610,1634]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(LM). Animals in A, B, D, F were alive when the pictures were taken. A. Tantulus larva attached dorsally to harpacticoid host (arrow) (ZMUC CRU4882). B. Three tantulocaridans at different stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (arrows); the most developed tantulus has a male inside (ZMUC CRU4885). C. Detached tantulus larva, ventral view (ZMUC CRU4887). D. Attached tantulus larva, lateral view (ZMUC CRU4884). E. Detached tantulus larva, ventral view (same specimen as in C). F. Attached tantulus larva (close-up of specimen in A). G. Lateral view of detached tantulus larva (ZMUC CRU4887).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE9FFECFF443D36FCEC03D3" blockId="19.[151,1436,1887,2029]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,412]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFF443D36FCAE0536" bold="true" box="[198,842,1887,1913]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Similarities between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFE563D36FD9A0536" box="[468,638,1887,1913]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFE563D36FD9A0536" bold="true" box="[468,638,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFD473D36FCAE0536" box="[709,842,1887,1913]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFD473D36FCAE0536" bold="true" box="[709,842,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Both species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFBA53D09FB3E0536" box="[1063,1242,1888,1913]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFBA53D09FB3E0536" box="[1063,1242,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are found on a harpacticoid copepod species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFD093DEFFD0505D0" box="[651,737,1926,1951]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFD093DEFFD0505D0" box="[651,737,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFC9D3DEFFBAD05EF" authority="Sars, 1911" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1911" box="[799,1097,1926,1952]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFC9D3DEFFC2C05D0" box="[799,968,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Pseudobradya</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE9FFEBFC4D3DEFFBAD05EF" author="Sars" box="[975,1097,1926,1952]" pageId="19" pageNumber="68" refString="Sars, G. O. (1911) An account of the Crustacea of Norway, with short descriptions and figures of all the species. Copepoda Harpacticoida. Vol. V. Harpacticidae. Bergen Museum. 1 - 449 pp." type="book chapter" year="1911">Sars, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as mentioned for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE9FFEBFA9F3DEFFA7F05D0" box="[1309,1435,1926,1951]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFA9F3DEFFA7F05D0" box="[1309,1435,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE9FFEBFF3F3DC4FE560588" box="[189,434,1965,1991]" pageId="19" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE9FFEBFE9C3DC4FEB70589" box="[286,339,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Huys, pers. com. 2006)]. The two species are found in different Arctic regions far from each other (White Sea and off the coast of West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30E8EC7FFE9FFEBFC973DBAFC7505A2" box="[789,913,2003,2029]" name="Greenland" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and are considered separate. A comparison between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFE803AF1FE4202FE" box="[258,422,152,177]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFE803AF1FE4202FE" box="[258,422,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFE2C3AFEFDEA02FE" bold="true" box="[430,526,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFEEFFECFE2C3AFEFDEA02FE" box="[430,526,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the published information about
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFC513AF1FBB102FE" box="[979,1109,152,177]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFC513AF1FBB102FE" box="[979,1109,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reveals several similarities (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEEFFECFF1C3AD7FF1D0297" box="[158,249,190,216]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,243,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison between Arcticotantulus pertzovi and A. kristenseni sp. nov., emphasizing features of the tantulus larvae." pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
) that justify their placement in the same genus. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFCF03AD6FBF60297" box="[882,1042,191,216]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFCF03AD6FBF60297" box="[882,1042,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFBCE3AD6FB280297" box="[1100,1228,191,216]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFBCE3AD6FB280297" box="[1100,1228,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess a limited number of pore pairs, and both species have the D I - and L I -pore pairs. In both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFBBC3A8CFB0402B1" box="[1086,1248,229,254]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFBBC3A8CFB0402B1" box="[1086,1248,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFA993A8CFA7802B1" box="[1307,1436,229,254]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFA993A8CFA7802B1" box="[1307,1436,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the cephalic lamellae are arranged longitudinally. Each of the exopods on the first to fifth thoracopods of both species is divided into two segments. Each of the endopods on the third to fifth thoracopods has two setae attached. The sixth thoracopods are similar in both species. A ‘w-shaped’ ornamentation and some minor denticles are present on the abdomen of both species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFEEFFECFF153FC6FED50461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEEFFECFF153FC6FED50461" blockId="20.[151,1437,1455,1582]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFF153FC6FECA0788" bold="true" box="[151,302,1455,1479]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFCC03FC6FB940789" box="[834,1136,1455,1478]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFCC03FC6FB940789" box="[834,1136,1455,1478]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFBFA3FC6FB370788" bold="true" box="[1144,1235,1455,1479]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFEEFFECFBFA3FC6FB370788" box="[1144,1235,1455,1479]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3039DDCFFEEFFE1FF443C35FAC70689" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEEFFEEFF443C35FBBE0393" blockId="20.[151,1436,1628,2008]" lastBlockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFF443C35FA780439" bold="true" box="[198,1436,1628,1654]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFE4B3C35FCF40439" box="[457,784,1628,1654]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFE4B3C35FCF40439" bold="true" box="[457,784,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other Arctic and North Atlantic Tantulocarida.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Among other Arctic species of the Tantulocarida,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFC873CEAFC4A04D3" box="[773,942,1667,1692]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFC873CEAFC4A04D3" box="[773,942,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFB6B3CEAFEE1048C" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Polynapodella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambrosei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFB6B3CEAFEE1048C" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Polynapodella ambrosei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with respect to the two-segmented urosome (superficially multisegmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFB303CC3FADA048C" box="[1202,1342,1706,1731]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Polynapodella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambrosei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFB303CC3FADA048C" box="[1202,1342,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">P. ambrosei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in having fewer pore pairs on the cephalon (as concerns the A-, D-, and L-pore pairs). On the cephalon of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFA003CB8FEF2055E" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFA003CB8FEF2055E" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the A I - - and A II -, the D I -, D II -, and D III -, and the L I -pore pairs are present, but on the cephalon of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFA013C91FEE70575" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFA013C91FF1A0575" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">A. Pertzovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
only the A III -, the D I - and the L I -pore pairs. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFC3D3D48FBA70575" box="[959,1091,1825,1850]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFC3D3D48FBA70575" box="[959,1091,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a D IV -pore pair (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEEFFECFF153D23FF16052B" box="[151,242,1866,1892]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,243,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison between Arcticotantulus pertzovi and A. kristenseni sp. nov., emphasizing features of the tantulus larvae." pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Another difference concerns the lamellae on the cephalon of the tantulus larvae. In addition to the longitudinal lamellae on the cephalon in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFD363D18FCB005C5" box="[692,852,1905,1930]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFD363D18FCB005C5" box="[692,852,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFC0C3D18FBE905C5" box="[910,1037,1905,1930]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFC0C3D18FBE905C5" box="[910,1037,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFB9E3D18FB5805C5" box="[1052,1212,1905,1930]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFB9E3D18FB5805C5" box="[1052,1212,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has some lamellae arranged in polygons. The setation of the thoracopods in the two species is also different. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFB493DF1FA9505FE" box="[1227,1393,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFB493DF1FA8905FE" box="[1227,1389,1944,1969]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">A. kristenseni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the protopods of the first and second thoracopods are unsegmented (two-segmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEEFFECFBE13DD6FB050597" box="[1123,1249,1983,2008]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEEFFECFBE13DD6FB050597" box="[1123,1249,1983,2008]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the endopods Character
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFECFFEEFD6A3A9AFADC0345" box="[744,1336,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFECFFEEFD6A3A9AFBE30345" box="[744,1031,243,266]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFECFFEEFBB53A9AFADC0345" authority="Total" authorityName="Total" box="[1079,1336,243,266]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">Arcticotantulus pertzovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Total body length 147–192 µm 140 µm Size of oral disc 10–12 µm in diameter 7 µm in diameter Length of cephalic stylet Approx. 60 µm 30 µm Cephalic pores Anterior pores A I, A II A III
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFEFFFEDFF153D6EFE220584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186393/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[159,1423,210,1760]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEFFFEDFF153D6EFE220584" blockId="21.[151,1436,1799,1995]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEFFFEDFF153D6EFECE0550" bold="true" box="[151,298,1799,1823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Developmental stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEFFFEDFDC93D6EFC900551" box="[587,884,1799,1822]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEFFFEDFDC93D6EFC900551" box="[587,884,1799,1822]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEFFFEDFCF93D6EFC300550" bold="true" box="[891,980,1799,1823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFEFFFEDFCF93D6EFC300550" box="[891,980,1799,1823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LM). A. Parthenogenetic female (arrow points at head of female) attached to host (ZMUC CRU4872). B. Parthenogenetic female with embryos inside (enlargement of A). C. Living female in late stage of development, probably a sexual female (see Discussion), with developing abdomen (arrow) (ZMUC CRU4873). D. Live male in late stage of development (LM) attached to cephalon of harpacticoid host (ZMUC CRU4877). E. Close-up of D. Abbreviations: cephalic stylet in larval head (cs), male antennular aesthetascs (aes).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFECFFEEFF153AFEFEDE029E" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF153AFEFEDE029E" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,209]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFECFFEEFF153AFEFEF402E0" bold="true" box="[151,272,151,175]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFECFFEEFD8C3AF1FCFA02E0" box="[526,798,152,175]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFECFFEEFD8C3AF1FCFA02E0" box="[526,798,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Arcticotantulus pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFECFFEEFCD43AF1FC1502E0" box="[854,1009,152,175]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFECFFEEFCD43AF1FC1502E0" box="[854,1009,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFECFFEEFC7B3AFEFBB002E0" bold="true" box="[1017,1108,151,175]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFECFFEEFC7B3AFEFBB002E0" box="[1017,1108,151,175]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, emphasizing features of the tantulus larvae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFE083B9BFB9B0041" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[394,1151,498,526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Dorsalpores D I, D II, D III D I, D IV</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFE08384DFBA90070" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[394,1101,548,575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Lateralpores L I L I</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF22383CFEB500C0" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Swelling between cephalon and first tergite in Not parted significantly Not parted significantly developing male</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF2238CCFBA00157" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Cephalic rostrum Absent Absent Cephalic lamellae ornamentation Longitudinal and polygonal Longitudinal Thoracopod 1 No. of segments of protopod 1 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23947FBA0010A" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,814,837]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae 1 0</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23935FBA0013C" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,860,883]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of exopod setae 4 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF239E0FBA001EF" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,905,928]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of exopod 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF239DEFBA00181" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,951,974]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of endopod 2 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF22398DFBA001B4" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[160,1092,996,1019]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Thoracopod 2 No. of segments of protopod 1 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23E7BFBA00666" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1042,1065]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae 1 0</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23E56FBA00619" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1087,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of exopod setae 4 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23E05FBA006CC" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1132,1155]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of exopod 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23EF3FBA006FE" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1178,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of endopod 2 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF223EA1FBA00690" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[160,1092,1224,1247]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Thoracopod 3 No. of segments of protopod 1 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23E9CFBA00743" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1269,1292]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23F4AFBA00775" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1315,1338]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of exopod setae 4 3</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23F39FBA00728" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1360,1383]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of exopod 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23F17FBA007DA" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1406,1429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of endopod 2 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF223FC2FBA0078D" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[160,1092,1451,1474]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Thoracopod 4 No. of segments of protopod 1 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23FB0FBA007BF" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1497,1520]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23C6FFBA00452" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1542,1565]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of exopod setae 4 3</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23C5DFBA00404" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1588,1611]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of exopod 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23C08FBA00437" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1633,1656]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of endopod 2 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF223CE6FBA004E9" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[160,1092,1679,1702]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Thoracopod 5 No. of segments of protopod 1 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23CD5FBA0049C" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1724,1747]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23C83FBA0054E" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1770,1793]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of exopod setae 4 3</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23D7EFBA00561" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1815,1838]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of exopod 2 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23D2CFBA00513" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1092,1861,1884]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of segments of endopod 2 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFF223D1BFBA005C6" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[160,1092,1906,1929]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">Thoracopod 6 No. of segments of protopod 1 1</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFEF23DC9FB5F05F8" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[368,1211,1952,1975]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">No. of endopod setae No endopod No endopod</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFECFFEEFB6E3DA4FA7C05AB" blockId="22.[160,1432,243,2020]" box="[1260,1432,1997,2020]" pageId="22" pageNumber="63">to be continued.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF669EDFFFEDFFEFFF223ACCFE7202F3" ID-Table-UUID="DF669EDFFFEDFFEFFF223ACCFE7202F3" box="[160,406,165,189]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFEDFFEFFF223ACCFE7202F3" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[151,1435,217,956]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFEFFF223ACCFE7202F3" blockId="23.[160,406,165,189]" box="[160,406,165,189]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFF223ACCFEF102F2" bold="true" box="[160,277,165,189]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
(continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFEFFF223AB0FA7F01D9" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<table id="F9193CF7FFED0007FF153AB0FA7F01F3" box="[151,1435,217,956]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF153AB0FA7F02BF" box="[151,1435,217,240]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF153AB0FD5A02BF" box="[151,702,217,240]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Character</th>
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FD443AB0FBF402BF" box="[710,1040,217,240]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFD6A3AB0FBE302BF" box="[744,1031,217,240]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFD6A3AB0FBE302BF" box="[744,1031,217,240]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FB953AB0FA7F02BF" box="[1047,1435,217,240]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFBB53AB0FADC02BF" box="[1079,1336,217,240]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFBB53AB0FADC02BF" box="[1079,1336,217,240]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF153B65FA7F0065" box="[151,1435,268,554]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF153B65FD5A0065" box="[151,702,268,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">No. of exopod setae No. of segments of exopod No. of segments of endopod Abdomen No. of transverse lamellae No. of caudal setae per caudal rami Seta on caudal rami</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD443B65FBF40065" box="[710,1040,268,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">2 1 No endopod 4 2 Segmented</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB953B65FA7F0065" box="[1047,1435,268,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">2 1 No endopod 6 3 Unsegmented</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF15382FFA7F0012" box="[151,1435,582,605]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF15382FFD5A0012" box="[151,702,582,605]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Ornamentation</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD44382FFBF40012" box="[710,1040,582,605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">’w-shaped’</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB95382FFA7F0012" box="[1047,1435,582,605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">’w-shaped’</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF153813FA7F00DE" box="[151,1435,634,657]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF153813FD5A00DE" box="[151,702,634,657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Denticles on setae(?)</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD443813FBF400DE" box="[710,1040,634,657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB953813FA7F00DE" box="[1047,1435,634,657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Present</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF1538C4FA7F008B" box="[151,1435,685,708]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF1538C4FD5A008B" box="[151,702,685,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">No. of segments in urosome</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD4438C4FBF4008B" box="[710,1040,685,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB9538C4FA7F008B" box="[1047,1435,685,708]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF1538B6FA7F00B7" box="[151,1435,735,760]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF1538B6FD5A00B7" box="[151,702,735,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Host</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD4438B6FBF400B7" box="[710,1040,735,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Harpacticoid,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFCFD3888FC2900B7" box="[895,973,737,760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFCFD3888FC2900B7" box="[895,973,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB9538B6FA7F00B7" box="[1047,1435,735,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Harpacticoid,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB4C3888FA8C00B7" box="[1230,1384,737,760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB4C3888FA8C00B7" box="[1230,1384,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Pseudobradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.a
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF15397DFA7F0164" box="[151,1435,788,811]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF15397DFD5A0164" box="[151,702,788,811]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Catch depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD44397DFBF40164" box="[710,1040,788,811]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">166–220 m</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB95397DFA7F0164" box="[1047,1435,788,811]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">90 m</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF15392EFA7F0111" box="[151,1435,839,862]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF15392EFD5A0111" box="[151,702,839,862]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Catch locality</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD44392EFBF40111" box="[710,1040,839,862]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Western Greenland</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB95392EFA7F0111" box="[1047,1435,839,862]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">White Sea</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3529CC15FFED0007FF153914FA7F01F3" box="[151,1435,893,956]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="76F8A569FFED0007FF153914FD5A01F3" box="[151,702,893,956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
a) Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFE8639E9FED601D8" box="[260,306,896,919]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004) identified the host species as a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFF2B39CCFF1C01F3" box="[169,248,933,956]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFF2B39CCFF1C01F3" box="[169,248,933,956]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Huys pers. com)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FD443914FBF401F3" box="[710,1040,893,956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFD4439E9FC8401D8" box="[710,864,896,919]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Pseudobrayda</emphasis>
|
||
sp. This may be
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F8A569FFED0007FB953914FA7F01F3" box="[1047,1435,893,956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">incorrect as the host more resembles</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFEFFF153987FEEC06EC" blockId="23.[151,1437,1006,2037]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
carry one seta (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFE473987FDA30648" box="[453,583,1006,1031]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFE473987FDA30648" box="[453,583,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the exopods carry four setae (two in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB9E3987FB7B0648" box="[1052,1183,1006,1031]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB9E3987FB7B0648" box="[1052,1183,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the endopod is divided indistinctly into two segments (unsegmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFCD23E7CFC320661" box="[848,982,1045,1070]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFCD23E7CFC320661" box="[848,982,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore, in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB3F3E7CFA890661" box="[1213,1389,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB3F3E7CFA820661" box="[1213,1382,1045,1070]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">A. kristenseni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the protopods of the third to fifth thoracopods are undivided (two-segmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFBAE3E55FB49061A" box="[1068,1197,1084,1109]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFBAE3E55FB49061A" box="[1068,1197,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the exopods carry four setae (three in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFEF93E0BFE1F0634" box="[379,507,1122,1147]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFEF93E0BFE1F0634" box="[379,507,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the endopods are divided into two segments (unsegmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFA913E0BFA760634" box="[1299,1426,1122,1147]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFA913E0BFA760634" box="[1299,1426,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEDFFEFFF1C3EE0FF1F06EC" box="[158,251,1161,1187]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,243,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison between Arcticotantulus pertzovi and A. kristenseni sp. nov., emphasizing features of the tantulus larvae." pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFEFFF443EC6FB5007FE" blockId="23.[151,1437,1006,2037]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFF443EC6FEE006BF" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Relationship of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFDA43EC6FD050686" box="[550,737,1199,1225]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFDA43EC6FD050686" bold="true" box="[550,737,1199,1225]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and comments on the description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB633EC6FEE006BF" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB633EC6FF1B06BF" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">Arcticotantulus pertzovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFE8E3EBFFE2806A0" box="[268,460,1238,1263]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Arcticotantulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFD503EBFFC6F06BF" box="[722,907,1238,1264]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFC3E3EBFFB2506BF" box="[956,1217,1238,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFBA03EBFFBBD06A0" box="[1058,1113,1238,1263]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but based on the information on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFECC3E94FE0B0759" box="[334,495,1277,1302]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFECC3E94FE0B0759" box="[334,495,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided in this paper and the previously published information on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFA973E94FA700759" box="[1301,1428,1277,1302]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFA973E94FA700759" box="[1301,1428,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and by using the family characteristics provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFD723F4AFC770772" author="Huys" box="[752,915,1315,1341]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we argue that the genus is better assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFF443F23FE96072B" box="[198,370,1354,1380]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEDFFEFFE013F23FE02072B" box="[387,486,1354,1380]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,577,601]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,736,1287]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Family characters of Basipodellidae and Deoterthridae compared to Arcticotantulus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The classification of the Tantulocarida has mostly been based on external characteristics of the tantulus larvae, such as pore patterns of the cephalon, segmentation of the urosome, and setation of the thoracopods. In the following these characteristics are listed and discussed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFEFFF443FD7FAAE0514" blockId="23.[151,1437,1006,2037]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFF443FD7FDCB0797" bold="true" box="[198,559,1470,1496]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Cephalon of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFEEF3FD7FDCC0797" box="[365,552,1470,1496]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFEEF3FD7FDCC0797" bold="true" box="[365,552,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The single pair of subdorsal cephalic pores found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB483FD7FA9A0798" box="[1226,1406,1470,1495]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB483FD7FA9A0798" box="[1226,1406,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to the single pair (or more) of subdorsal cephalic pores found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB8B3F8CFA8607B0" authority="(Huys 1990a)" baseAuthorityName="Huys" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1033,1378,1509,1535]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Deoterthridae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFB423F8CFABC07B0" author="Huys" box="[1216,1368,1509,1535]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The tantulus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFEA73C65FE34046A" box="[293,464,1548,1573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFEA73C65FE34046A" box="[293,464,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a very characteristic pore pattern on the cephalon, a pattern which to our knowledge, is not found in any other tantulocaridans. There is a total of six pairs: four pairs close to the posterior margin of the cephalon and two additional pairs anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFEDFFEFFC713C30FBA4043C" box="[1011,1088,1625,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[225,1365,182,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[221,1372,169,1860]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tantulus larva of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov., external morphology (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4882 and ZMUC CRU 4889). A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Urosome and urosomal setation, dorsal view. Abbreviations: caudal rami (cr), ‘ w-shaped’ serrated edge (sew), serrated edges (se), long setae (ls), oral disc (od), short setae (ss), thoracic somites 1 to 7 (t 1 - t 7), transverse lamellae (tl). See text for pore nomenclature. Setae on caudal rami are not shown at full length, but are cut off as indicated by the small bars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186381/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 3B, 10C, 12). One of the anterior pore pairs and two of the posterior pore pairs has an emergent sensillum, consistently found in the same position in all examined specimens. The total number of pore pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB963CCFFB2304F0" box="[1044,1223,1702,1727]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB963CCFFB2304F0" box="[1044,1223,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deviates from the ten pairs usually found in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFD863CA4FD4A04A8" box="[516,686,1741,1767]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with only six pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFC443CA4FB8804A9" box="[966,1132,1741,1766]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFC443CA4FB8804A9" box="[966,1132,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only five pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFA003CA4FE0B0542" authority="Kornev et al. 2004" authorityName="Kornev et al." authorityYear="2004" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFA003CA4FF110542" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFE873C9AFE0C0542" author="Kornev" box="[261,488,1779,1805]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFEE43C9DFE7E0542" box="[358,410,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but since this number is known to vary within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFBC93C9AFB0B0542" box="[1099,1263,1779,1805]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we do not see the low count of pore pairs hindering a placement within this family (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEDFFEFFC783D73FBB0057B" box="[1018,1108,1818,1844]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,577,601]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,736,1287]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Family characters of Basipodellidae and Deoterthridae compared to Arcticotantulus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The absence of a cephalic rostrum favours the placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFDA13D28FD320515" box="[547,726,1857,1882]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFDA13D28FD320515" box="[547,726,1857,1882]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFCD93D28FC180514" box="[859,1020,1857,1883]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEDFFEFFBB83D28FB750514" box="[1082,1169,1857,1883]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,577,601]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,736,1287]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Family characters of Basipodellidae and Deoterthridae compared to Arcticotantulus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFB283D28FADA0514" author="Huys" box="[1194,1342,1857,1883]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFEDFFE0FF443D0EFCB90015" blockId="23.[151,1437,1006,2037]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1438,152,2034]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFF443D0EFD2405CE" bold="true" box="[198,704,1895,1921]" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Thoracopod setation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFE7C3D0EFD5D05CE" box="[510,697,1895,1921]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFE7C3D0EFD5D05CE" bold="true" box="[510,697,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Usually there is only one seta on the endopod of the first thoracopod in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFEC63DE7FE0C05E7" box="[324,488,1934,1960]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or setation is absent there (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFEDFFEFFCB83DE7FC7205E7" box="[826,918,1934,1960]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,577,601]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,736,1287]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Family characters of Basipodellidae and Deoterthridae compared to Arcticotantulus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFEDFFEFFC323DE7FBA905E7" author="Huys" box="[944,1101,1934,1960]" pageId="23" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys, 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is consistent with the single seta found on the endopod of this limb in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFD4B3DDCFC8C0581" box="[713,872,1973,1998]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFD4B3DDCFC8C0581" box="[713,872,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and with the lack of setae seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFB753DDCFA910581" box="[1271,1397,1973,1998]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFEDFFEFFB753DDCFA910581" box="[1271,1397,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="64">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFEDFFEFFE813DB2FE5505BA" box="[259,433,2011,2037]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterised as carrying two setae on the endopod of the first thoracopod. Most aspects of the setation of the trunk limbs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD123AF1FCA002FE" box="[656,836,152,177]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD123AF1FCA002FE" box="[656,836,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fit some of the existing families as they are defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FF3C3AD7FE8C0297" author="Huys" box="[190,360,190,216]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but the setation of one limb in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD733AD6FC480297" box="[753,940,191,216]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD733AD6FC480297" box="[753,940,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a notable exception. In addition to an elongate process with a spatula-shaped tip, the endopod of thoracopod 2 has only one seta, which is contrary to the situation in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FE153B65FDDF0369" box="[407,571,268,294]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDC53B65FD1F0369" box="[583,763,268,294]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Onceroxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Onceroxenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FC853B65FC5C0369" box="[775,952,268,294]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FC743B65FB060369" box="[1014,1250,268,294]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Doryphallophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in all of which two setae are present (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FE1C3B5BFDD70303" author="Huys" box="[414,563,306,332]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDEA3B5BFB610303" authority="Greve, 1965" authorityName="Greve" authorityYear="1965" box="[616,1157,306,332]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" genus="Microdajus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FDEA3B5BFCD60304" box="[616,818,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Microdajus langi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FCB93B5BFC290303" author="Greve" box="[827,973,306,332]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Greve, L. (1965) A new epicaridean from western Norway, parasite on Tanaidacea. Sarsia, 20, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1965">Greve, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Microdajidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two setae appear to be present as well, but without free rami (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FDF13B30FC4B033C" author="Boxshall" box="[627,943,345,371]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Lincoln, R. J. (1987) The life cycle of the Tantulocarida (Crustacea). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 315, 267 - 303." type="journal article" year="1987">Boxshall & Lincoln 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) it is difficult to infer where these setae inserted originally. This makes it difficult to compare
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FC893BE9FC5A03D6" box="[779,958,384,409]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FC893BE9FC5A03D6" box="[779,958,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FB823BE9FA8703D5" authority="Greve, 1965" authorityName="Greve" authorityYear="1965" box="[1024,1379,384,410]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" genus="Microdajus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FB823BE9FB2C03D6" box="[1024,1224,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Microdajus langi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FB523BE9FA8703D5" author="Greve" box="[1232,1379,384,410]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Greve, L. (1965) A new epicaridean from western Norway, parasite on Tanaidacea. Sarsia, 20, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1965">Greve, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The endopod of thoracopods
|
||
<quantity id="4CE163B2FFE2FFE0FE463BCFFDF5038F" box="[452,529,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD9B3BCEFD36038F" box="[537,722,423,448]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD9B3BCEFD36038F" box="[537,722,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two setae, as is the case for all families:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FB793BCFFA78038F" box="[1275,1436,422,448]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Microdajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
being a possible exception. The exopods of the thoracopods in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FCF53BA4FBCF03A9" box="[887,1067,461,486]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FCF53BA4FBCF03A9" box="[887,1067,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a well-developed setation that falls within the range of variation of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD2F3B9DFBE00041" authority="(Huys, 1990a)" baseAuthorityName="Huys" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[685,1028,500,526]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Deoterthridae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FCE23B9DFC1F0041" author="Huys" box="[864,1019,500,526]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys, 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this differs only slightly from that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FE973873FDE0007B" box="[277,516,538,564]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Doryphallophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDB93873FD0B007B" box="[571,751,538,564]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Onceroxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Onceroxenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FCDA3873FBEE007B" box="[856,1034,538,564]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the setation of thoracopods 3–5 is not usable for identifying the correct family (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69BFBECFFE2FFE0FD713828FCA80014" box="[755,844,577,603]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,577,601]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,736,1287]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Family characters of Basipodellidae and Deoterthridae compared to Arcticotantulus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" tableUuid="DF669EDFFFF9FFFBFF153828FB770017">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE2FFE0FF44380EFF180420" blockId="24.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF44380EFD3C00CE" bold="true" box="[198,728,615,641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Abdomen and urosome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD94380EFD3500CE" box="[534,721,615,641]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD94380EFD3500CE" bold="true" box="[534,721,615,641]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Because of confusion in defining the terms ‘abdomen’ and ‘urosome’ in the Tantulocarida, there have continuously been difficulties assigning species to different families. When
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FED038DCFE160080" author="Huys" box="[338,498,693,719]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterized the different families he regarded the abdomen as comprising the seventh, limbless, thoracic somite together with the part of the tantulus larvae posterior to it. In contrast,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FF15396BFE0B0153" author="Boxshall" box="[151,495,770,796]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Vader, W. (1993) A new genus of Tantulocarida (Crustacea) parasitic on an amphipod host from the North Sea. Journal of Natural History, 27, 977 - 988." type="journal article" year="1993">Boxshall and Vader (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used the term ‘urosome’ for this region (similar to Huys’ (1990a) use of ‘abdomen’), and restricted the term ‘abdomen’ only to more posterior parts of the tantulus larvae. As Boxshall and Vader’s terminology (1993) has been the most commonly used in descriptions after 1993, we have decided to apply it in the descriptions herein. Difficulties arise when tantulocaridans are assigned to families only based on the characteristics mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FD4039F4FC8201F8" author="Huys" box="[706,870,925,951]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Using the terminology applied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FA8039F4FED30191" author="Boxshall" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Vader, W. (1993) A new genus of Tantulocarida (Crustacea) parasitic on an amphipod host from the North Sea. Journal of Natural History, 27, 977 - 988." type="journal article" year="1993">Boxshall and Vader (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FEC639ADFE120191" box="[324,502,964,990]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized as having a multi-segmented urosome and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FB5439ADFA9E0191" box="[1238,1402,964,990]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having a two-segmented urosome.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDC43983FCE7064C" box="[582,771,1002,1027]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FDC43983FCE7064C" box="[582,771,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an unsegmented abdomen and a seventh limbless thoracic somite. This implies that the urosome is two-segmented, and that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FC7D3E78FB560665" box="[1023,1202,1041,1066]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FC7D3E78FB560665" box="[1023,1202,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
therefore should be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FEAB3E51FE31061D" box="[297,469,1080,1106]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The abdomen (second segment of the urosome) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FBD63E51FA79061E" box="[1108,1437,1080,1105]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FBD63E51FA79061E" box="[1108,1437,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles the abdomen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FE6B3E36FD1B0637" box="[489,767,1119,1144]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Deoterthron" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FE6B3E36FD1B0637" box="[489,767,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Deoterthron dentatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FC8A3E37FBBF0637" author="Bradford" box="[776,1115,1118,1144]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Bradford, J. M. & Hewitt, G. C. (1980) A new maxillopodan crustacean, parasitic on a myodocopid ostracod. Crustaceana, 38, 67 - 72." type="journal article" year="1980">Bradford and Hewitt, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FB183E36FE8506D0" authority="Boxshall, 1988" authorityName="Boxshall" authorityYear="1988" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Deoterthron" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lincolni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FB183E36FA790637" box="[1178,1437,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Deoterthron lincolni</emphasis>
|
||
(Boxshall, 1988)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDE43EECFCEC06D0" box="[614,776,1157,1183]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FCCB3EECFC3806D0" author="Huys" box="[841,988,1157,1183]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in having (1) a pair of semi-circular lamellae anteriorly, (2) being most narrow posteriorly, and (3) by being partly covered by cuticular hairs in the posterior half. The abdomen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD8D3EBAFB5E06A3" authority="Boxshall and Lincoln, 1987" authorityName="Boxshall and Lincoln" authorityYear="1987" box="[527,1210,1234,1260]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" genus="Doryphallophora" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harrisoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD8D3EBAFCB606A3" box="[527,850,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Doryphallophora harrisoni</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FCE03EBBFB5406A3" author="Boxshall" box="[866,1200,1234,1260]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Lincoln, R. J. (1987) The life cycle of the Tantulocarida (Crustacea). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 315, 267 - 303." type="journal article" year="1987">Boxshall and Lincoln, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a species of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FEC03E90FDDA075C" box="[322,574,1273,1299]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Doryphallophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, resembles that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FCA83E90FC30075D" box="[810,980,1273,1298]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FCA83E90FC30075D" box="[810,980,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a lesser extent in being relatively unornamented with cuticular hairs only (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FD313F49FBF00775" author="Boxshall" box="[691,1044,1312,1338]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Lincoln, R. J. (1987) The life cycle of the Tantulocarida (Crustacea). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 315, 267 - 303." type="journal article" year="1987">Boxshall & Lincoln, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In most other species of the Tantulocarida the abdomen of the tantulus larvae is more heavily ornamented, and often superficially subdivided into several ‘segments’. This is not the case in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FCF93F04FBA607C9" box="[891,1090,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FCF93F04FBDF07C9" box="[891,1083,1389,1414]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Arcticotantulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which has an unsegmented abdomen (and a two-segmented urosome) with little ornamentation apart from a ‘w-shaped’ ridge in the cuticle (Fig. 10,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FEDB3FD3FDD2079B" author="Kornev" box="[345,566,1466,1492]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FE3B3FD2FE09079B" box="[441,493,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 1A, 3B). One other potentially taxonomically important structure is the honeycomb-like ornamentation on the thoracic tergites, which hitherto have been only known from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153C61FE1D046D" authority="Huys, 1991" authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,505,1544,1570]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Aphotocentor" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="styx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF153C61FE88046E" box="[151,364,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Aphotocentor styx</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FEF13C61FE1D046D" author="Huys" box="[371,505,1544,1570]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1991) Tantulocarida (Crustacea: Maxilliopoda): A new taxon from the temporary meiobenthos. P. S. Z. N. I. Marine Ecology, 12, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1991">Huys, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(q.v.) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDFA3C61FBE3046D" authority="Huys, 1990" authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="1990" box="[632,1031,1544,1570]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Campyloxiphos" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dineti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FDFA3C61FC9D046E" box="[632,889,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Campyloxiphos dineti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FC023C61FBE3046D" author="Huys" box="[896,1031,1544,1570]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a (q.v.). Both of these are assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF663C47FE6A0407" box="[228,398,1582,1608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This ornamentation is only conspicuous on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FC2E3C46FB150407" box="[940,1265,1583,1608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FC2E3C46FB150407" box="[940,1265,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FA003C46FF110421" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FA003C46FF110421" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE2FFE1FF443C12FC0102B0" blockId="24.[151,1438,152,2034]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,152,1222]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF443C12FD2804DA" bold="true" box="[198,716,1659,1686]" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">
|
||
The developing male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FD893C15FD2204D9" box="[523,710,1660,1686]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD893C15FD2204D9" bold="true" box="[523,710,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FD593C15FC6504D9" author="Huys" box="[731,897,1660,1686]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the three different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A270F5FFE2FFE0FABA3C15FA9204D9" box="[1336,1398,1660,1686]" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of thoracic swelling during male development are taxonomically significant at the family level. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153CA0FE1204AD" box="[151,502,1737,1762]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF153CA0FE1204AD" box="[151,502,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is only one expansion zone of the tantulus trunk sac during male development - behind the sixth tergite. This is similar to that shown for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FBB93C99FA7D0545" box="[1083,1433,1776,1802]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" genus="Microdajus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FBB93C99FB280546" box="[1083,1228,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Microdajus</emphasis>
|
||
(Microdajidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153D7EFDC3057F" box="[151,551,1814,1840]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Onceroxenidae" genus="Onceroxenus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF153D7EFEA4057F" box="[151,320,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Onceroxenus</emphasis>
|
||
(Onceroxenidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDEF3D7EFC00057F" box="[621,996,1814,1840]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Deoterthron" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FDEF3D7EFCE9057F" box="[621,781,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Deoterthron</emphasis>
|
||
(Deoterthridae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the trunk sac expansion in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153D54FE8A0519" box="[151,366,1853,1878]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Doryphallophoridae" genus="Doryphallophora" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF153D54FE8A0519" box="[151,366,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Doryphallophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FE583D54FD750518" box="[474,657,1853,1879]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
takes place between other tergites (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FBCD3D54FB0E0518" author="Huys" box="[1103,1258,1853,1879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Similarly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FA003D54FF130532" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FA003D54FF130532" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FE853D0DFE0D0531" author="Kornev" box="[263,489,1892,1918]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FEE83D0DFE7A0532" box="[362,414,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1B) only has an expansion zone behind the sixth tergite (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FA863D0DFA770531" author="Huys" box="[1284,1427,1892,1918]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7). The expansion zone in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FD8F3DE2FD2305EB" box="[525,711,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">Acrticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
can thus be compared with the expansion zone observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153DD8FED30584" box="[151,311,1969,1995]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Microdajidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Microdajidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FEC13DD8FE1C0584" box="[323,504,1969,1995]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Onceroxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Onceroxenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FDB43DD8FD380584" box="[566,732,1969,1995]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FC083DD8FB980584" box="[906,1148,1969,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FC683DD8FBFA0585" box="[1002,1054,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the developing male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE2FFE0FF153DB1FEC105BE" box="[151,293,2008,2033]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="24" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FF153DB1FEC105BE" box="[151,293,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has its first tergite widely parted from the cephalon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE2FFE0FC663DB1FB3905BD" author="Kornev" box="[996,1245,2008,2034]" pageId="24" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE2FFE0FBD23DB1FB6E05BE" box="[1104,1162,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1B) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FF153AF1FEAC02FD" box="[151,328,152,178]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, as far as we can tell, this partition is not nearly as large as would be expected for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FF153AD7FEA10297" box="[151,325,190,216]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Basipodellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Basipodellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FE003AD7FDF70297" author="Huys" box="[386,531,190,216]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On the contrary, the partition of the first tergite from the cephalon seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FA013AD6FF1102B1" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FA013AD6FF1102B1" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles the partition seen in Deothertridae (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FCC53A8CFC3D02B0" author="Huys" box="[839,985,229,255]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE3FFE1FF443B62FD4003D5" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FF443B62FD93036A" bold="true" box="[198,631,267,294]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">
|
||
The host species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FE373B65FD940369" box="[437,624,268,294]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FE373B65FD940369" bold="true" box="[437,624,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Arcticotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FDFD3B65FD31036A" box="[639,725,268,293]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FDFD3B65FD31036A" box="[639,725,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Huys pers. com) appears to be hosting all the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FF343B5BFEB20304" box="[182,342,306,331]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FF343B5BFEB20304" box="[182,342,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">A. kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the same harpacticoid genus appears to be infected by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FB8F3B5BFB6F0304" box="[1037,1163,306,331]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FB8F3B5BFB6F0304" box="[1037,1163,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The host species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FA013B5BFF1C033D" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FA013B5BFF1C033D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FDC33B30FD0A033D" box="[577,750,345,370]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Pseudobradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FDC33B30FD0A033D" box="[577,750,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Pseudobradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FCAB3B30FBF4033C" author="Kornev" box="[809,1040,345,371]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Kornev, P. F., Tchesunov, A. V. & Rybnikov, P. V. (2004) Arcticotantulus pertzovi gen et sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Crustacea) - a new tantulocaridan from the pseudobathyal region of the White Sea. Sarsia, 89, 355 - 361." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kornev
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FC0F3B30FC2E033D" box="[909,970,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but this may be incorrect as the host resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FECE3BE9FE4603D6" box="[332,418,384,409]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Ectinosomatidae" genus="Bradya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FECE3BE9FE4603D6" box="[332,418,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Bradya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Huys pers. com).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE3FFE1FF443BCFFD6E00CD" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FF443BCFFE12038F" bold="true" box="[198,502,422,448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Taxonomic conclusions.</emphasis>
|
||
In summary, it is not a straightforward matter to assign
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FB6A3BCEFEF803A9" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FB6A3BCEFEF803A9" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to any existing family of the Tantulocarida. Since most characters are shared with species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FF153B9DFEA30041" box="[151,327,500,526]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), we assign this new species to this family, and also assign it to the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FF153873FEA3007C" box="[151,327,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Articotantulus</emphasis>
|
||
in light of various similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FC853873FC69007C" box="[775,909,538,563]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertzovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FC853873FC69007C" box="[775,909,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">A. pertzovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We are aware that the pore pattern on the cephalon and the presence of only one seta on the endopod of thoracopod 2 do not fit the characteristics of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FF153801FEDC00CD" box="[151,312,616,642]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Deoterthridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FE613801FD6300CD" author="Huys" box="[483,647,616,642]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1990 a) Campyloxiphos dineti gen. et spec. nov. from Namibia and redefinition of the Deoterthridae Boxshall and Lincoln (Crustacea: Tantulocarida). Journal of Natural History, 24, 415 - 432." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Huys (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6CE57FFE3FFE1FF4438E7FAC70689" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,1222]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FF4438E7FC6E00E7" bold="true" box="[198,906,654,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Internal structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19B5D4FFE3FFE1FE5E38E7FCC700E7" box="[476,803,654,680]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Deoterthridae" genus="Arcticotantulus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kristenseni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FE5E38E7FCC700E7" bold="true" box="[476,803,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Arcticotantulus kristenseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EAF3EFFE3FFE1FCAE38E7FC6E00E7" box="[812,906,654,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The tubular structures inside the head of the tantulus larvae apparently do not connect with any superficial openings. Conversely, although, the developing male has superficial openings on the head shield, it does not have any clearly visible internal connecting structures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFE3FFE1FE9A396BFEB90153" box="[280,349,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,225,1245]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,197,1262]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. A. Male developing inside the trunk sac of a tantulus larva, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4877). B. Parthenogenetic female with eggs, lateral view (drawn from ZMUC CRU 4872). Abbreviations: aesthestascs (aes), cephalic stylet (cs), eggs (egg), pores in head shield (ph), protruding organ (po), tubular structures (ts), umbilical cord-like organ (uc)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186385/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The existence of such connections can probably only be verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The so-called tubular structures within the head could be a misinterpretation of glandular structures, but to confirm this TEM would be required as well. Glandular structures associated with the stylet have previously been recognized by Boxshall and Huys (1989),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FC21391FFBDA01DF" author="Huys" box="[931,1086,886,912]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1991) Tantulocarida (Crustacea: Maxilliopoda): A new taxon from the temporary meiobenthos. P. S. Z. N. I. Marine Ecology, 12, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1991">Huys (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and Huys
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D1245FFE3FFE1FB45391EFB1801DF" box="[1223,1276,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1994). The purpose of these glandular or tubular structures remains uncertain. It is presumed that muscles associated with the cephalic stylet degenerate after it has served its purpose by piercing the host when the tantulocaridan attaches itself (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FECB3983FE1E064B" author="Boxshall" box="[329,506,1002,1028]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. (1991) A review of the biology and phylogenetic relationships of the Tantulocarida, a subclass of Crustacea recognized in 1983. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, 84, 271 - 279." type="journal article" year="1991">Boxshall 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This could explain the asymmetrical placement of the stylet in the head. The purpose of the umbilical cord-like structure reported in this work and previous papers connecting the male’s head with the head of the attached larvae is uncertain, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FCEA3E51FB2F061D" author="Boxshall" box="[872,1227,1080,1106]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Boxshall, G. A. & Lincoln, R. J. (1987) The life cycle of the Tantulocarida (Crustacea). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 315, 267 - 303." type="journal article" year="1987">Boxshall and Lincoln (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that it provides the male inside with nourishment extracted from the host. This work documents the presence of a tube-like structure crossing the cuticle of the host (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1322D2D2FFE3FFE1FCA23EECFC9806D0" box="[800,892,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,258,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,488,1420]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,468,1431]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Live females (most likely parthenogenetic) of Arcticotantulus kristenseni sp. nov. in early stages of development attached to harpacticoid host (LM). A. Very early female (ZMUC CRU 4875). B. Later female (ZMUC CRU 4883). C. Even later female (ZMUC CRU 4875). D. Close-up of anterior part of cephalon in B showing protruding organ (arrow)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186392/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="66">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
D) of an undeveloped female.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88B3A6FFE3FFE1FB7D3EECFA7806D0" author="Huys" box="[1279,1436,1157,1183]" pageId="25" pageNumber="67" refString="Huys, R. (1991) Tantulocarida (Crustacea: Maxilliopoda): A new taxon from the temporary meiobenthos. P. S. Z. N. I. Marine Ecology, 12, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1991">Huys (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that a branching network of cells spreads out from the tantulocaridan and inside the host.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |