treatments-xml/data/03/AE/0A/03AE0A149C53B237FF3B6CE0FB8F99D3.xml
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<document id="6549844110C6F70B6EF48E46C51E55CC" ID-CLB-Dataset="56577" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a1eebb1-ceb1-4546-b217-c143cc076b4c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8166946" ID-ZooBank="6CFEC285-1E75-4061-997B-855E799A432A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1689835113916" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ekins, Merrick, Baker, Soraya &amp; Hooper, John N. A." docDate="2023" docId="03AE0A149C53B237FF3B6CE0FB8F99D3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E525247D-8EA7-4EF5-9D81-4E288E2BFEE7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="395" masterDocId="FF97726C9C5EB23AFFAC6C77FFCE9D71" masterDocTitle="First records of Hamacantha species from seamounts off eastern Australia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida), with description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="382" pageNumber="395" updateTime="1699544501723" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D2D92DA25A89FAE0EFB167C93EA644D4">First records of Hamacantha species from seamounts off eastern Australia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida), with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FA848F1A33CE816F34BBC427794CFD08">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="77190F642D28FC938B0D129D4C6168B5">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia &amp; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia &amp; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A116258C042F82B8CB41A3AA2B4950A6">Baker, Soraya</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AD914663F9F3776988D8B8FFDDD0457D">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="98725C5C56F1CFFC81BF41E8CBF9A7DB">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1B5404734558330D3CD8D269A1C73137">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia &amp; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03AE0A149C53B237FF3B6CE0FB8F99D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166966" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212417592" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8166966" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E525247D-8EA7-4EF5-9D81-4E288E2BFEE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE0A149C53B237FF3B6CE0FB8F99D3" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B6CE0FC9A9DC3" box="[151,852,151,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B6CE0FC9A9DC3" blockId="13.[151,965,151,250]" box="[151,852,151,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<heading id="D0F00C6E9C53B237FF3B6CE0FC9A9DC3" bold="true" box="[151,852,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B6CE0FC9A9DC3" bold="true" box="[151,852,151,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FF3B6CE0FDD49DC3" ID-CoL="e85c626b-4ff3-4443-a51e-67099e1939db" authority="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,538,151,178]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ridleyi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B6CE0FDD49DC3" bold="true" box="[151,538,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C53B237FD8D6CEFFDB09DC3" box="[545,638,152,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Ekins &amp; Hooper
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B6CCCFC0B9D8B" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B6CCCFE979DA7" blockId="13.[151,965,151,250]" box="[151,345,187,214]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FF3B6CCCFF129DA7" box="[151,220,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,994]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[151,1436,181,994]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sampling sites of Hamacantha species described in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166950/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FF466CCCFF349DA7" box="[234,250,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">5</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6858EB99C53B237FEAA6CCCFE979DA7" box="[262,345,187,214]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,503,529]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of the known Hamacantha (Vomerula) species. Measurements are Minimum-(Average)-Maximum of the spicules (μm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" tableUuid="DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60">Table 2</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
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<uri id="FF96B7009C53B237FF3B6CA8FC0B9D8B" box="[151,965,223,250]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B6D50FBEC9CFB" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B6D50FBEC9CFB" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B6D50FE4A9C30" bold="true" box="[151,388,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6FB15F9C53B237FE276D50FBEC9CFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4163070303" collectingDate="2007-04-02" collectionCode="QM, RV" collectorName="A. Williams &amp; M. Schlacher" country="Australia" county="Southern Surveyor" elevation="1200" latitude="-44.29226" location="Tasmanian Seamounts" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="147.06693" municipality="Huon Seamount" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" specimenCode="G327988" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasmania" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54BC05A09C53B237FE276D50FE369C30" box="[395,504,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED1623C79C53B237FDAF6D5FFDFE9C33" box="[515,560,296,322]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBA113799C53B237FD946D5FFD6D9C33" box="[568,675,296,322]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="Museum">G327988</specimenCode>
,
<location id="8ED8EDD99C53B237FD036D50FC639C33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE0A149C53B237FF3B6CE0FB8F99D3:8ED8EDD99C53B237FD036D50FC639C33" box="[687,941,295,322]" country="Australia" county="Southern Surveyor" latitude="-44.29226" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="147.06693" municipality="Huon Seamount" name="Tasmanian Seamounts" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" stateProvince="Tasmania">Tasmanian Seamounts</location>
, off
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC21789C53B237FC4D6D5FFB549C33" box="[993,1178,296,322]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Huon Seamount</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F310FB929C53B237FAB16D50FA499C30" box="[1309,1415,295,321]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE33DDC59C53B237FEA16D3CFE499C14" box="[269,391,331,357]" degrees="147.06693" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" precision="1" value="147.06693">147.06693</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FE3E6D3BFDE39C17" box="[402,557,332,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="1100.0">
<elevation id="002A5C319C53B237FE3E6D3BFDE39C17" box="[402,557,332,358]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="1200.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="1100.0">11001300 m</elevation>
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,
<collectorName id="26F2DED49C53B237FD946D3CFD529C14" box="[568,668,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Sherman</collectorName>
sled,
<collectedFrom id="381BF8FF9C53B237FD706D3BFBCE9C14" box="[732,1024,331,358]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FD526D3CFBCE9C14" authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" box="[766,1024,331,357]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FD526D3CFBCE9C14" box="[766,1024,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Solenosmilia variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
habitat, SS0207-022-010, Z16,
<collectorName id="26F2DED49C53B237FAC96D3CFED19CF8" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Coll. A. Williams</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26F2DED49C53B237FEF96D07FE249CF8" box="[341,490,367,394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">M. Schlacher</collectorName>
on
<collectionCode id="ED1623C79C53B237FDB86D07FDF69CFB" box="[532,568,368,394]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">RV</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26F2DED49C53B237FD936D18FCF29CFB" box="[575,828,367,394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FD936D18FCDE9CFB" box="[575,784,367,394]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<collectingCounty id="62D9C38E9C53B237FD936D18FCDE9CFB" box="[575,784,367,394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Southern Surveyor</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
, SS
</collectorName>
02/2007,
<date id="FFB99DC29C53B237FC0B6D07FBD19CFB" box="[935,1055,368,394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" value="2007-04-02">
<collectingDate id="EFFD642A9C53B237FC0B6D07FBD19CFB" box="[935,1055,368,394]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" value="2007-04-02">2/IV/2007</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF6B6DE3FD549CA0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6DE3FD549CA0" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6DE3FE869CDF" bold="true" box="[199,328,404,430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Etymology</emphasis>
: Named after Stuart Ridley, who described so many minute deep-water sponge species from the HMS
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF776DC0FE979CA0" box="[219,345,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Challenger</emphasis>
and HMS
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FE7E6DC0FDC49CA0" box="[466,522,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Alert</emphasis>
expeditions.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF6B6DACFDB69EBB" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6DACFD079F4C" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6DACFE9F9C84" bold="true" box="[199,337,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Description</emphasis>
: Fragile, encrusting sponge growing on
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FCB56DACFBD29C84" authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" box="[793,1052,475,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FCB56DACFBD29C84" box="[793,1052,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Solenosmilia variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
approximately
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FB616DABFAD29C87" box="[1229,1308,476,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
x
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FA946DABFA499C87" box="[1336,1415,476,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
x
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FF3B6E77FF169F6B" box="[151,216,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in height (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FEFE6D88FE1F9F6B" box="[338,465,511,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5 A, B</figureCitation>
). The sponge had a smooth surface without any visible oscules. The sponge was white on deck and opaque white in ethanol preservative.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6E30FC469FDB" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6E30FEE09F10" bold="true" box="[199,302,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Skeleton</emphasis>
: The ectosomal skeleton is a tangential array of styles (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FC276E30FBCD9F13" box="[907,1027,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
). On the lower layer of the ectosomal skeleton are numerous diancistras of both sizes. The choanosomal skeleton consists of ascending bundles of styles that diverge to provide support to the ectosomal skeleton (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FC8E6EF8FCB59FDB" box="[802,891,655,682]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6EC4FDB69EBB" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6EC4FEE79FBC" bold="true" box="[199,297,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Spicules</emphasis>
: The megascleres are styles, which are abundant, fusiform, straight, sharply pointed, and thickest in the centre (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FF466EA0FE8A9F83" box="[234,324,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
). The blunt end is much narrower than the middle and has a rounded terminal tyle occasionally with a slight subtylostylote swelling. They measure 292(385)437 x 7.6(9.9)12.6 μm, n=35. The large diancistras (I) are common, with the shaft twisted at least 45
<superScript id="7C72164A9C53B237FD116F57FD0B9E5F" attach="none" box="[701,709,800,814]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">o</superScript>
, the thin sharp fimbriae run the entire length of the inner surface except around the notch (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FE186F34FDC49E2F" box="[436,522,835,862]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
). They measure 83(96)105 x 5.0(8.8)12.5 μm, n=42. The smaller diancistras (II) are also common, with the shaft twisted 90
<superScript id="7C72164A9C53B237FD6E6F1FFD049E07" attach="right" box="[706,714,872,886]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">o</superScript>
, have large, equal, almost touching curvaceous fimbriae (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FAC36F10FF739ED7" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
). They measure 19(24)30 x 1.0(1.1)1.7 μm, n=29. Microscleres are small rare oxbow toxas that measure 48(54)65 x 2(2)2 μm, n=13 (
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FDBD6FD8FDA29EBB" box="[529,620,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1430,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Hamacantha (Vomerula) ridleyi sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G327988 on deck after collection. B. Holotype after fixation. C. Microscope section showing the bundles of styles in the choanosome supporting the tangential styles of the ectosome. D. Lower layer of the ectosome showing the tangential styles and the interspersed diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Small diancistras (II). G. Toxa. H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166962/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF6B6FA3FB8F99D3" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6FA3FB8F99D3" blockId="13.[151,1437,295,1186]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6FA3FEFA9E9F" bold="true" box="[199,308,980,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Remarks</emphasis>
: The new species
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FDAE6FA4FCDE9E9C" authority="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[514,784,979,1006]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ridleyi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FDAE6FA4FCDE9E9C" box="[514,784,979,1006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Hamacantha (V.) ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FCBB6FA3FCBF9E9F" bold="true" box="[791,881,980,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C53B237FCBB6FA3FCBF9E9F" box="[791,881,980,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FBEC6FA3FA809E9F" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[1088,1358,979,1006]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FBEC6FA3FB009E9C" box="[1088,1230,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) atoxa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C53B237FB796FA4FA809E9F" author="Levi, C." box="[1237,1358,979,1006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" pagination="9 - 87" refId="ref9936" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 11. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire, A (Zoologie), 158, pp. 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6858EB99C53B237FAF16FA4FF699963" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,503,529]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of the known Hamacantha (Vomerula) species. Measurements are Minimum-(Average)-Maximum of the spicules (μm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" tableUuid="DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60">Table 2</tableCitation>
), as they both have small diancistras but it differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FCB96F8FFC6D9960" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[789,931,1016,1042]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FCB96F8FFC6D9960" box="[789,931,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) atoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having two sizes of diancistras rather than three diancistras in the latter species.The presence of toxas within
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FCC6686CFC239944" box="[874,1005,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Hamacatha</emphasis>
species is limited to
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FB60686BFE9C992B" authority="Lundbeck, 1902" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1902" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki" subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FB60686BFA529944" box="[1228,1436,1051,1078]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) bowerbanki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C53B237FF3B6848FE9C992B" author="Lundbeck, W." box="[151,338,1087,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref10065" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1902) Porifera. (Part I.) Homorrhaphidae and Heterorrhaphidae. In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. 6 (1). Bianco, Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 108, pls. I - XIX, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1902">Lundbeck, 1902</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FECC6837FD24992B" authority="(Bowerbank, 1874)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[352,746,1087,1114]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="falcula" subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FECC6837FDCD9928" box="[352,515,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) falcula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C53B237FDBF6848FD2C992B" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[531,738,1087,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" refId="ref8569" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1874) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 3. Ray Society, London, xvii + 367 pp., XCII pls. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1871265]" type="book" year="1874">Bowerbank, 1874</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FD546837FC759928" authority="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins &amp; Baker &amp; Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[760,955,1087,1114]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melliflura" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FD546837FC759928" box="[760,955,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) melliflura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FC696837FBEF992B" bold="true" box="[965,1057,1088,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C53B237FC696837FBEF992B" box="[965,1057,1088,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FB9D6837FA52992B" authority="Vosmaer, 1885" authorityName="Vosmaer" authorityYear="1885" box="[1073,1436,1087,1114]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="papillata" subGenus="Vomerua">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FB9D6837FB259928" box="[1073,1259,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) papillata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C53B237FB586837FA52992B" author="Vosmaer, G. C. J." box="[1268,1436,1087,1114]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref11210" refString="Vosmaer, G. C. J. (1885) The Sponges of the ' Willem Barents' Expedition 1880 and 1881. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 12 (3), 1 - 47, pls. I - V. [https: // brill. com / view / journals / btd / 12 / 1 / btd. 12. issue- 1. xml] https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 26660644 - 01201001" type="journal article" year="1885">Vosmaer, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FF6A6813FDDD990F" authority="(Schmidt, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[198,531,1123,1150]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenda" subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6A6813FE9A990C" box="[198,340,1123,1150]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) tenda</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C53B237FECE6814FDC4990F" author="Schmidt, O." box="[354,522,1123,1150]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" pagination="33 - 90" refId="ref10744" refString="Schmidt, O. (1880) Die Spongien des Meerbusen von Mexico (Und des caraibischen Meeres). Heft II. Abtheilung II. Hexactinelliden. Abtheilung III. Tetractinelliden. Monactinelliden und Anhang. Nachtrage zu Abtheilung I (Lithistiden). In: Reports on the dredging under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the USCSS ' Blake'. Gustav Fischer, Jena, pp. 33 - 90, pls. V - X." type="book chapter" year="1880">Schmidt, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Of these species with toxas, the new species is closest to
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FB3B6813FAA5990C" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1902" box="[1175,1387,1123,1150]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki" subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FB3B6813FAA5990C" box="[1175,1387,1123,1150]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) bowerbanki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs as
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FEA968FFFE1799D0" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1902" box="[261,473,1159,1186]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki" subGenus="Vomerula">
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FEA968FFFE1799D0" box="[261,473,1159,1186]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">H. (V.) bowerbanki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three categories of diancistras as well as the toxas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>