323 lines
34 KiB
XML
323 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="3FC04990DB50B4A871FBBE6E85BA58E5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.185522" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fedb956f-96c9-4661-a225-719753729d99" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="185522" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459988615799" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hausmann, Axel & Parra, Luis E." docDate="2009" docId="03AC87C0EB05FF9B04D60520FCFCFD53" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01989p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1989" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Larentiinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FF95FFB8EB01FF9304410736FFDBFFA5" masterDocTitle="An unexpected hotspot of moth biodiversity in Chilean northern Patagonia (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698232494549" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BE2B6DF97F97275D8A1C1D7C5C30AFE2">An unexpected hotspot of moth biodiversity in Chilean northern Patagonia (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ED1A56504D894F2724856B6E75717A83" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="45007DEF2A94A73E4FCB1C86EDB38625">Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="942FBEAC4A92C6F4A7706482BED602CE">Parra, Luis E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0E7877FA2BD72EB726D24D0047083DCC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D328A8A67EA06378C6C0919785E54BAB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BC2140B818EF4E4593CEC1799A895686">
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<mods:date id="52E184D9548711ABA2D350B46D69DF8A">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="079E0E3703F3294B72DDBE179720E725" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="798414386BD606D243AB5CF8192531FE">1989</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="31A11130B27F06FF46911B8B4C9E1D72">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6D13CBBA5D7CDEBF8A09B9B1C87AE471" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.185522</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="875C6756280B3B3AAFD286CFF8126E18" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="103BEF63C046BDCD617C7DA67CE7A02C" type="Zenodo-Dep">185522</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC87C0EB05FF9B04D60520FCFCFD53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6223292" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119379774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6223292" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87C0EB05FF9B04D60520FCFCFD53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87C0EB05FF9B04D60520FCFCFD53" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C31F655DEB05FF9704D60520FC1EFDDB" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF9704D60520FE89FD95" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" box="[151,338,534,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0F281BAEB05FF9704D60520FE89FD95" bold="true" box="[151,338,534,560]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704D60520FE89FD95" bold="true" box="[151,338,534,560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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[
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9704DF0520FEE8FD95" ID-CoL="93MXF" ID-ENA="104450" box="[158,307,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Larentiinae">Larentiinae</taxonomicName>
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1]
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF970487050BFC1EFDDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF970487050BFEDEFDF2" bold="true" box="[198,261,573,599]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[1–4]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF970550050BFD04FDF2" authority="Butler, 1882" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" box="[273,735,573,599]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Synpelurga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corralensis">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF970550050BFDFEFDF3" box="[273,549,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Synpelurga corralensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF970678050BFD0DFDF2" author="Butler" box="[569,726,573,599]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Butler, A. G. (1882) Heterocerous Lepidoptera collected in Chili by Thomas Edmonds, Esq. Part III Geometrites. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, pp. 339 - 423." type="book chapter" year="1882">Butler, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Tentatively assigned to Trichopterygini, as suggested by position in the NJ tree in a multigene analysis (COI, EF1alpha, 28S).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F655DEB05FF9B048705BCFCFCFD53" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF97048705BCFE44FCC3" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97048705BCFEDEFD01" bold="true" box="[198,261,650,676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[5–6]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97054E05BCFCD6FD01" authority="Dognin, 1906" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1906" box="[271,781,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Danielaparra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragmentata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97054E05BCFD92FD06" box="[271,585,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Danielaparra fragmentata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF97061A05BCFCDFFD01" author="Dognin" box="[603,772,650,676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Dognin, P. (1906) Heteroceres nouveaux de l'Amerique du Sud. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 50, 179 - 186." type="journal article" year="1906">Dognin, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257BFEB05FF97075D05BCFC52FD01" box="[796,905,650,676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97075D05BCFC5AFD01" bold="true" box="[796,897,650,676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">comb. n</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9707DA05BCFB69FD01" authority="Parra, 1996" authorityName="Parra" authorityYear="1996" box="[923,1202,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Daniela" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9707DA05BCFBD7FD06" box="[923,1036,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">D. viridis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF97005C05BCFB71FD01" author="Parra" box="[1053,1194,650,676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Parra, L. E. (1996) Trichopterygini Neotropicales IV: descripcion de nuevos generos y especies de Chile (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). SHILAP Revista de lepidopterologia, 24 (93), 37 - 54." type="journal article" year="1996">Parra, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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synonym (L. Parra unpublished). In BMNH collection and in Scoble (1999) as "
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9707280587FB49FD6F" box="[873,1170,689,714]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hoplosauris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragmentata">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9707280587FB49FD6F" box="[873,1170,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hoplosauris fragmentata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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"; separate genus from
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9704D605EEFEF3FD54" box="[151,296,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hoplosauris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704D605EEFEF3FD54" box="[151,296,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hoplosauris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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justified by strongly different structure of genitalia: transtilla of male genitalia with microspines and valves without androconium. Taxon
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9706DE05C9FCFCFCBD" box="[671,807,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">imbricaria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF97077105C8FB54FCBD" author="Felder" box="[816,1167,766,792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Felder, C. & Rogenhofer, A. F. (1875) Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde (Zoologischer Theil) Band 2 (Abtheilung 2), pls. 121 - 140 Wien." type="journal article" year="1875">Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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possibly a synonym. Tentatively assigned to Trichopterygini, as suggested by position in the NJ tree such as in a multigene analysis (COI, EF1alpha, 28S).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF9704870444FDDBFC16" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704870444FEDEFC29" bold="true" box="[198,261,882,908]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[7–8]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9705530444FD63FC29" authority="Warren, 1908" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1908" box="[274,696,882,908]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Notholoba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schausi">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9705530444FE2AFC2E" box="[274,497,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Notholoba schausi</emphasis>
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(Warren, 1908)
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</taxonomicName>
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: Barcoding data from other Chilean localities suggesting the existence of two sister species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF9704870489FF3BFBEB" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704870489FEC8FC7C" bold="true" box="[198,275,959,986]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[9–11]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97055F04F6FE7EFC7C" box="[286,421,960,985]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Triptiloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97055F04F6FE7EFC7C" box="[286,421,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Triptiloides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2 (
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9705BF04F6FDBFFC7C" box="[510,612,960,986]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Triptiloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97066804F6FDBFFC7C" box="[553,612,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">laeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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): Usually with less white marking on forewing than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97015004F6FAB0FC7C" box="[1297,1387,960,985]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Triptiloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97015004F6FAB0FC7C" box="[1297,1387,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">T. laeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, on hindwing with broad purple fascia rather than with two narrow lines. However, rarely with conflicting character combinations. Minimum pairwise distance: 3.2% (mean intraspecific variation 0.16% and 0% resp.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF970487036CFC6EFBD1" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" box="[198,949,1114,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF970487036CFEF8FBD1" bold="true" box="[198,291,1114,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[12–16]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97056B036DFD62FBD1" authority="Philippi, 1873" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1873" box="[298,697,1114,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Triptiloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97056B036DFE2FFBD1" box="[298,500,1115,1140]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Triptiloides laeta</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF970642036CFD6BFBD1" author="Philippi" box="[515,688,1114,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1873) Chilenische Insekten. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 34, 296 - 316." type="journal article" year="1873">Philippi, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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: see remarks to 9–11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF97048703B6FDDBFB67" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97048703B6FEF8FB3F" bold="true" box="[198,291,1152,1179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[17–18]</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97056B03B7FEAEFB3F" box="[298,373,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Genus</emphasis>
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AH
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<specimenCount id="9D03FD5FEB05FF9705E803B7FE05FB3E" box="[425,478,1153,1179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="generic">5 sp.</specimenCount>
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1: Relationship to
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9706FF03B7FC84FB3F" box="[702,863,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Lagnyopteryx</emphasis>
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suggested by position in the complete NJ tree of Chilean COI data (not shown).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF97048703F8FBF7FAAA" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97048703F8FE03FB4D" bold="true" box="[198,472,1230,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[30–33; 223; 226–231]</emphasis>
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[genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97067503F9FD1EFB4D" box="[564,709,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hoplosauris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97067503F9FD1EFB4D" box="[564,709,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hoplosauris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]: Genus concept and systematics requiring revision. COI data suggesting polyphyletic origin of the group currently assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9707D503C3FBFEFAAB" box="[916,1061,1269,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hoplosauris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9707D503C3FBFEFAAB" box="[916,1061,1269,1294]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hoplosauris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF970487022DFF28FA75" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF970487022DFF2CFA90" bold="true" box="[198,247,1307,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[31]</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF970544022AFCC1FA93" authority="Mabille, 1885" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1885" box="[261,794,1308,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hoplosauris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivirgulata" status="comb. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF970544022AFD90FA90" box="[261,587,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hoplosauris multivirgulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF970621022AFCCAFA93" author="Mabille" box="[608,785,1308,1334]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Mabille, M. P. (1885) Diagnoses de Lepidopteres nouveaux. Bulletin de la Societe Philomathique Paris, 7 (9), 55 - 70" type="journal article" year="1885">Mabille, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97076D022DFC45FA90" bold="true" box="[812,926,1307,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24257BFEB05FF97076D022DFC45FA90" box="[812,926,1307,1333]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: In Scoble (1999) combined with genus
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF9704D60275FECEFAF9" box="[151,277,1347,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Physoloba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704D60275FECEFAF9" box="[151,277,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Physoloba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
. New generic combination recognized in current research of the junior author and confirmed by morphometric analysis, the males having hairy scales covering the anal margin of the hindwings, valvae of male genitalia curved with an elongated costal margin. Androconia formed by simple bristles plus some thick bristles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF97048702EBFEA5F9CE" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97048702EBFEF8FA52" bold="true" box="[198,291,1501,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[34–40]</emphasis>
|
||
[Euphyiini]: Attribution to tribe according to the Palearctic concept. For doubts about generic assignment see under the three following species. Probably the species do not belong to Euphyiini. In a multigene analysis (COI, EF1alpha, 28S) the species are clustering together with members of the Cidariini (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97049B0167FEF5F9CF" box="[218,302,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97049B0167FEF5F9CF" box="[218,302,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF9704870141FC86F97A" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF9704870141FEF8F934" bold="true" box="[198,291,1655,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[34–35]</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97056D014EFE74F934" box="[300,431,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF970576014EFE7FF934" box="[311,420,1656,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euphyia</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 2: Generic combination supported by wing pattern, suggested by position in NJ tree close to the following species. Generic and tribal attribution of all three species requiring revision as not clustering together with Palearctic Euphyiini in COI NJ tree.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB05FF97048701DDFA46F8DF" blockId="4.[151,1437,534,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97048701DDFEF8F8A0" bold="true" box="[198,291,1771,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">[36–38]</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97057201DAFE6EF8A0" box="[307,437,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97057C01DAFE71F8A0" box="[317,426,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euphyia</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB05FF97058401DAFD07F8A3" authority="(Butler, 1882)" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[453,732,1772,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB05FF97058401DAFDC0F8A0" box="[453,539,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">signata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B27EB05FF97067201DAFD0FF8A3" author="Butler" box="[563,724,1772,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Butler, A. G. (1882) Heterocerous Lepidoptera collected in Chili by Thomas Edmonds, Esq. Part III Geometrites. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, pp. 339 - 423." type="book chapter" year="1882">Butler, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Generic and tribal attribution requiring revision as not clustering together with Palearctic Euphyiini in COI NJ tree.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE8874EB05FF9707380024FC6FF889" box="[889,948,1810,1836]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
(BMNH) examined, well matching with this species (cf. following species). Genetically different from the sister species [39–40]: minimum pairwise distance: 5.0% (mean intraspecific variation 0.2% and 0.1% resp.), the latter usually larger and better marked.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7A665EEB04FF9604D600AEFEA2F850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185525/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[209,1396,194,1916]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB04FF9604D600AEFEA2F850" blockId="5.[151,1436,1944,2037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB04FF9604D600AEFEFCF815" bold="true" box="[151,295,1944,1968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 4a.</emphasis>
|
||
Neighbor joining tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB04FF96067900AEFD1EF80A" box="[568,709,1944,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected at Huinay station, Chile from 4–14 January 2008; COI 5’ barcoding fragment, 658 bp, Kimura 2 Parameter, from BOLD Data Systems (courtesy of Paul Hebert, CCDB Guelph, Canada) (continued).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7A665EEB07FF9504D600BAFEA2F84C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185526/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[216,1370,194,1909]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB07FF9504D600BAFEA2F84C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1932,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB07FF9504D600BAFEF3F801" bold="true" box="[151,296,1932,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 4b.</emphasis>
|
||
Neighbor joining tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB07FF95067800BAFD1EF806" box="[569,709,1932,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected at Huinay station, Chile from 4–14 January 2008; COI 5’ barcoding fragment, 658 bp, Kimura 2 Parameter, from BOLD Data Systems (courtesy of Paul Hebert, CCDB Guelph, Canada) (continued).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7A665EEB06FF9404D600A2FF2CF854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185527/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[168,1421,194,1932]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB06FF9404D600A2FF2CF854" blockId="7.[151,1436,1940,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB06FF9404D600A2FEFEF809" bold="true" box="[151,293,1940,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 4c.</emphasis>
|
||
Neighbor joining tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB06FF94067600A2FD1FF80E" box="[567,708,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected at Huinay station, Chile from 4–14 January 2008; COI 5’ barcoding fragment, 658 bp, Kimura 2 Parameter, from BOLD Data Systems (courtesy of Paul Hebert, CCDB Guelph, Canada).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB09FF9B048707A1FF0BFEE9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B048707A1FEF8FF14" bold="true" box="[198,291,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">[39–40]</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B056B07AEFE77FF14" box="[298,428,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B057407AEFE79FF14" box="[309,418,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euphyia</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B05B007AEFE21FF14" box="[497,506,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">(</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B05BA07AEFDACFF14" box="[507,631,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signata">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B066107AEFDACFF14" box="[544,631,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">signata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
): Generic and tribal attribution requiring revision. Generic and tribal attribution requiring revision as not clustering together with Palearctic Euphyiini in COI NJ tree. Genetically different from the sister species [36–38]: minimum pairwise distance: 5.0% (mean intraspecific variation 0.2% and 0.1% resp.),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B05E7063AFDC5FE80" box="[422,542,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euphyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B05E7063AFDC5FE80" box="[422,542,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">E. signata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually being smaller, more reddish and with weaker pattern in the median area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB09FF9B0487066EFAE6FDAB" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B0487066EFD5AFED7" bold="true" box="[198,641,344,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">[41–46; 49–58; 180–191; 220–222]</emphasis>
|
||
[genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B06AD066FFC9BFED7" box="[748,832,345,370]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B06AD066FFC9BFED7" box="[748,832,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]: Attribution to tribe Cidariini according to the Palearctic concept of genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B05B706B6FD94FE3C" box="[502,591,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B05B706B6FD94FE3C" box="[502,591,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Generic assignment of the Chilean species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B00DD06B6FB2EFE3C" box="[1180,1269,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B00DD06B6FB2EFE3C" box="[1180,1269,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
doubtful and urgently requiring revision though some species (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B07550691FC76FE65" box="[788,941,423,448]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B07550691FC76FE65" box="[788,941,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">N. bellissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[42–43]), in their COI data, reveal certain relationships with Palaearctic species of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B06BD06FBFC8AFE43" box="[764,849,461,486]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B06BD06FBFC8AFE43" box="[764,849,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B07CD06FBFBF5FE43" box="[908,1070,461,486]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Coenotephria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B07CD06FBFBF5FE43" box="[908,1070,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Coenotephria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both COI data and multigene analysis (COI, EF1alpha, 28S) suggesting polyphyly of Chilean species currently assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B00A006C2FAEDFDA8" box="[1249,1334,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nebula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B00A006C2FAEDFDA8" box="[1249,1334,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Nebula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB09FF9B0487052CFE95FD27" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B0487052CFEF8FD91" bold="true" box="[198,291,538,564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">[47–48]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B056D052CFD14FD91" authority="Blanchard, 1852" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1852" box="[300,719,538,564]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ennada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B056D052CFE35FD96" box="[300,494,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Ennada flavaria</emphasis>
|
||
(Blanchard, 1852)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(on fig. 4a as
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B07C3052CFC36FD96" box="[898,1005,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
'
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B07C7052CFC36FD96" box="[902,1005,538,563]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Larentia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Larentia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 1'): Both data referring to L3–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D03FD5FEB09FF9B01CC052CFA47FD91" box="[1421,1436,538,564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" type="larva">4</specimenCount>
|
||
larvae, beaten from fern (Pteridophyta). Nearest neighbour in COI analysis
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B004D0577FB74FDFF" box="[1036,1199,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Larentia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B004D0577FB74FDFF" box="[1036,1199,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Larentia irma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Host-plant unusual for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B0481055EFE91FD27" box="[192,330,616,642]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Larentiinae">Larentiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36D6EB09FF9B048705B8FCFCFD53" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B048705B8FE73FD0D" bold="true" box="[198,424,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">[59–64; 241–242]</emphasis>
|
||
[genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B066205B9FD1AFD0D" box="[547,705,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rheumaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B066205B9FD1AFD0D" box="[547,705,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Rheumaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]: Molecular analysis (COI) suggesting relationships to “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B04E50583FEF5FD6B" box="[164,302,693,718]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Xanthorhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B04E50583FEF5FD6B" box="[164,302,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Xanthorhoe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B05000583FE7DFD6B" box="[321,422,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">chiloena</emphasis>
|
||
(possibly to be transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B07420583FC7AFD6B" box="[771,929,693,718]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rheumaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B07420583FC7AFD6B" box="[771,929,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Rheumaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) such as to Palaearctic species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D55EB09FF9B04D605EAFEEEFD50" box="[151,309,732,757]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Rheumaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAC4EB09FF9B04D605EAFEEEFD50" box="[151,309,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Rheumaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[59–64], except for [241–242], see below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |