366 lines
62 KiB
XML
366 lines
62 KiB
XML
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<mods:mods id="DFF9E7EC5C71384553931BD95A53EDFD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="39AA8414A95898A9078944885CF208AB">
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<mods:title id="726B8F44E5538818B1B797E63866F485">Sexual Dimorphism of New Zealand Puppet Beetles (Aderidae, Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea): Systematic Revision, Description of Three New Genera, and Phylogeny for Zenascus, gen. n.</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="454E4BA6094A915EE9FA86E26F855B66">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="10DFA0ABC6919890982902DCE5E1E342">Grzymala, Traci L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49301100A87E3A6CC4806789DB44B144">Leschen, Richard A. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3A32E406E41A0E839AC452A5BB11D86A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FCA54900B592D45CB82F4F21D1D9AE10">
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<mods:date id="E68D17694D32A91EF0D168AF0BFE4EF1">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="81F13D7D95D61B49B7968BA3D572C85D">2020-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AD4D48C430FC8236B01BC478470B7CE3">4889</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A48794FFC4FFFD6F854C5474B3F9F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334364" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170606627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334364" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2CB6E4D1-B999-405A-B3FE-EBBF7B7190A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A48794FFC4FFFD6F854C5474B3F9F0" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC4FFFB6F854C54704CF8F0" box="[151,355,1842,1868]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC4FFFB6F854C54704CF8F0" blockId="26.[151,355,1842,1868]" box="[151,355,1842,1868]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="D0FA81EEFFC4FFFB6F854C54704CF8F0" bold="true" box="[151,355,1842,1868]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC4FFFB6F854C54704CF8F0" bold="true" box="[151,355,1842,1868]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC4FFFB6F854C547026F8F0" authority="Grzymala & Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,265,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC4FFFB6F854C547026F8F0" bold="true" box="[151,265,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Zenascus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFC4FFFB6E034C54704CF8F0" box="[273,355,1842,1868]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC4FFFB6F854C117200F832" box="[151,815,1910,1935]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC4FFFB6F854C117200F832" blockId="26.[151,815,1910,1935]" box="[151,815,1910,1935]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<typeStatus id="54B68820FFC4FFFB6F854C1171E6F833" box="[151,201,1911,1935]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC4FFFB6E344C117350F833" authority="(Broun, 1893)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[294,639,1910,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC4FFFB6E344C1170C9F832" box="[294,486,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Zenascus obscurus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC4FFFB6EE64C117358F833" author="Broun, T." box="[500,631,1911,1935]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, here designated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC4FFFB6F854CDB73C0F847" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC4FFFB6F854CDB73C0F847" blockId="26.[151,1436,1981,2043]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC4FFFB6F854CDB7031F86B" bold="true" box="[151,286,1981,2007]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Etymology.</emphasis>
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This genus is named with reference to
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC4FFFB6DC84CDB725EF86B" box="[730,881,1981,2007]" name="New Zealand" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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where the first species observed to comprise this lineage were examined, disarticulated, and described.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC5FFFA6FD54BF071CDFE6D" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC5FFFA6FD54BF071CDFE6D" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6FD54BF0706DFF0C" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This genus is distinguished from other
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC5FFFA6DEE4BF172BDFF0D" box="[764,914,151,177]" name="New Zealand" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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genera by the specific primary punctation pattern of the metaventrite (
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<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC5FFFA6EBF4BDD7321FF69" box="[429,526,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 13A–H. Zenascus obscurus, scanning electron micrographs. (A) head, frontal view; (B) antenna; (C) pronotum (D) proleg; (E) metatibia; (F) metaventrite; (G) abdomen; (H) tergite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297845/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
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) consisting of relatively deep slit-like punctures, the shallow integument excavation along the length of the femur with modified setae overlying this excavation (reduced in some taxa), and the expansion of the metatibial apex with the accompanying tuft of thickened setae in a triangular shape (
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<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC5FFFA6BED4A65744CFEA1" box="[1279,1379,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 13A–H. Zenascus obscurus, scanning electron micrographs. (A) head, frontal view; (B) antenna; (C) pronotum (D) proleg; (E) metatibia; (F) metaventrite; (G) abdomen; (H) tergite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297845/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC5FFFA6A654A6571CCFEFC" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6A654A6571CCFEFC" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Zenascus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can also be distinguished from other genera by the shape of the pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC5FFFA6B3B4A4175A0FEFD" box="[1065,1167,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-28@32.[183,1404,181,1940]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 13A–H. Zenascus obscurus, scanning electron micrographs. (A) head, frontal view; (B) antenna; (C) pronotum (D) proleg; (E) metatibia; (F) metaventrite; (G) abdomen; (H) tergite VII." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297845/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
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), though is superficially very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC5FFFA6E5B4A2D70E0FED9" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[329,463,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Pseudozena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6E5B4A2D70E0FED9" box="[329,463,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pseudozena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but can be distinguished by antennomere 3 much shorter and smaller in comparison to antennomere 4 and the distinct modifications to the metafemora. Another distinguishing characteristic of this is genus is the males tend to have their more terminal antennomeres modified and form what we refer to in the key as a club.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC5FFFA6FD54ABC7404F861" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC5FFFA6FD54ABC7368F805" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6FD54ABC7076FE48" bold="true" box="[199,345,474,500]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description.</emphasis>
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Small to average size for family, length
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<quantity id="4CF59B67FFC5FFFA6C394ABD72FDFE49" box="[811,978,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7349999999999999" metricValueMax="2.11" metricValueMin="1.36" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="1.7349999999999999" valueMax="2.11" valueMin="1.36">1.36–2.11 mm</quantity>
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. Body about 1.8–2.5× longer than wide. Dorsal surface piceus to testaceous, testaceous antennae, mouthparts, and legs; vestiture uniseriate or biseriate, clothed with thin, decumbent pubescence arising anterad of each puncture, between 1–4× length of puncture, without additional pubescence or with 4–5 additional thin, slightly shorter, decumbent setae between each puncture pair. Ventral vestiture biseriate. Head abruptly constricted posteriorly, forming a neck concealed within pronotum. Eyes moderately protuberant, coarsely faceted, with moderate anterior emargination, with short interfacetal setae. Frontoclypeal suture present. Antennal insertions anterad of eyes and eye emargination, produced on slight ridge. Antennae with scape slightly longer than wide, dorso-ventrally flattened and expanded in some species; pedicel subglobular, apex wider than base of antennomere 3; antennomere 3 shorter and thinner than pedicel (except
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC5FFFA6A48499D71DFFC85" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennalis">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6A48499D71DFFC85" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Z. antennalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); antennomere 4 longer or subequal to antennomere 5; antennomeres 5 and 6 subequal in length and width; antennomeres 7–9 subequal in width and decreasing slightly in length or highly modified; antennomere 10 subquadrate, length subequal to width; antennomere 11 elongate, 2× longer than antennomere 10; antennomeres 3–11 covered in moderately dense, suberect pubescence, with or without additional pilosity covering antennomeres 7–9. Mandible bidentate. Apical maxillary palpomere greatly expanded from base to apex. Apical labial palpomere expanded. Pronotum subquadrate, length subequal or slightly greater than width, sides slightly rounded to sinuate, anterior angles rounded, posterior angles rounded; basal margin wider than apical margin; disc with two distinct, deep, circular punctures present antero-laterally to basal margin. Prosternal process short, extremely narrowed posteriorly, apex acute. Mesonotum with slight anterior notch; suture between mesonotum and scutellar shield distinct, straight; scutellar shield broad, posteriorly truncate with edges acute and a row of deep punctures confined to basal margin. Elytral length 1.4–2.1× elytral width and 3.3–4.2× pronotal length; with slight to moderate obliquely impressed subscutellar depression. Elytron with elongate elliptical punctures; apices rounded, without protrusions. Mesoventrite without procoxal rests. Mesanepisternum with deep, elongate punctation. Mesepimeron without distinctive deep, punctation. Mesanepisternal-mesepimeral suture faintly indicated. Mesoventral process complex, moderately broad about 0.5x width of mesocoxa posterior margin inserted below metaventral process. Metaventrite with deep punctures, approximately evenly spaced across surface except medially and at margins anterad of metacoxae; discrimen distinct, long, without invagination. Metendosternite with long lateral arms; anterior process absent; laminae absent. Proleg with femur simple, width subequal basally, medially and apically; tibia curved strongly inward at base, width slightly expanded from base to apex, tibial spurs absent, with numerous thickened setae on ventro-lateral surface, confined to apical half; tarsi with tarsomeres 1–3 subequal in width; tarsomeres 1 and 2 with slight ventral expansion; tarsomere 3 with ventral expansion 3× greater in length than dorsal edge; tarsomere 4 reduced in length and width; tarsomere 5 elongate. Midleg with coxal ventro-lateral face having four thickened setae; femur width slightly expanded from base to apex; tibia width slightly expanded from base to apex, length 11–13× width just distad of base; tarsomeres 1–3 subequal in width; tarsomere 3 expanded ventrally, ventral surface with tactile setae; length of 1
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<superScript id="7C789BCAFFC5FFFA6FD14D1971E1F931" attach="left" box="[195,206,1663,1677]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">st</superScript>
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mesotarsomere 5–6× greater than mesotarsomere 2; tarsomere 1 with ventral row of suberect thickened setae. Hind leg with coxa lackingt deep, elongate punctures along apical margin; tibia gradually expanding in width from base to apex, apex broader than base of tarsomere 1; tarsomeres 1 and 2 subequal in width; tarsomere 1 longer than 2; tarsomere 3 reduced in length and width; tarsomere 4 elongate. Abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 connate, suture only indicated by absence of deep, elongate punctures followed by distinctive row of punctures; abdominal process moderately acute; length and width of ventrites 3 and 4 subequal; deep punctures, sparse and irregularly spaced on ventrites 1–3, smaller, shallower punctures present on ventrites 4 and 5; ventrite 4 without an elevated plate; ventrite 5 with or without an excavation. Phallobase posteriorly rounded; apicale with or without accessory lobes; penis with anterior struts present, length variable.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC5FFFA6FD54CA57404F861" blockId="27.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1323,1986,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC5FFFA6FD54CA5701FF861" bold="true" box="[199,304,1987,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Females.</emphasis>
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Ventrite 5 without setose pit. Apex of last abdominal ventrite and tergite without serration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC2FFFD6FD54BF07566FF0C" box="[199,1097,150,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6FD54BF07566FF0C" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,501]" box="[199,1097,150,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6FD54BF0704EFF0C" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6E754BF1732FFF0C" box="[359,512,150,177]" name="New Zealand" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6D184BF0735BFF0C" box="[522,628,150,176]" name="Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6D6D4BF17201FF0C" box="[639,814,150,177]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6C7B4BF17569FF0C" box="[873,1094,150,177]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC2FFFD6FD54BDC73ACFE49" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6FD54BDC73ACFE49" blockId="28.[151,1437,150,501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6FD54BDC7014FF68" bold="true" box="[199,315,186,212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6E564BDD7083FF68" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[324,428,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6E564BDD7083FF68" box="[324,428,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zenascus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently restricted to Australasia and is recovered as a monophyletic group in a preliminary molecular phylogeny (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6EEB4BB87382FF45" author="Grzymala, T. L." box="[505,685,222,249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref39938" refString="Grzymala, T. L. (2016) Systematics of Puppet Beetles (Coleoptera, Aderidae): Classification, Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution of Sexual Dimorphism. Unpublished PhD. thesis, University of California, Berkeley, California, 409 pp." type="book" year="2016">Grzymala 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6DAD4BB97208FF44" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[703,807,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6DAD4BB97208FF44" box="[703,807,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zenascus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not key well in the classification of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6BEB4BB974B3FF44" author="Werner, F. G." box="[1273,1436,222,249]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="187 - 232" refId="ref41536" refString="Werner, F. G. (1990) Revision of the Aderidae of eastern North America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 98 (2), 187 - 232." type="journal article" year="1990">Werner (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
because the accessory lobes on the apicale are present or absent dependent on the species and the metafemoral setal brushes are lacking in both sexes, though males and females of all species have a characteristic excavation of the integument with overlying thickened setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6D904A2C73F7FED8" box="[642,728,330,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 20" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1411,1435]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1384]" captionTargetId="figure-17@45.[151,1436,181,1387]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 20A–J. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral view of metafemora for Zenascus species. (A) Z. coloratus, male; (B) Z. obscurus, male; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n., male; (D) Z. nitidus, female; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n., male; (F) Z. antennalis, female; (G) Z. xenarthrus, male; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n., male; (I) Z. luniger, male; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 60μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297861/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
A–20J). We have observed specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6BD64A2D74B3FED8" box="[1220,1436,330,357]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
with the elytral pubescence arranged into a color pattern as has been observed for other aderid genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6A634A097002FE10" authority="Casey" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Ganascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A634A0971CCFE10" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ganascus</emphasis>
|
||
Casey
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from North America and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6D584AF4752EFE10" authority="Collado & Alonso-Zarazaga" authorityName="Collado & Alonso-Zarazaga" authorityYear="1996" box="[586,1025,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Mixaderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6D584AF473EDFE10" box="[586,706,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mixaderus</emphasis>
|
||
Collado & Alonso-Zarazaga
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Africa (T. Grzymala, per. obs.). Extreme modifications of the male antennomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DD94AD07230FE6C" box="[715,799,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14</figureCitation>
|
||
H–J, 15A–15C) have only been observed for some of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A7612FFC2FFFD6F854ABD7002FE48" box="[151,301,474,501]" name="New Zealand" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species we place in Z
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6D364ABD7352FE48" box="[548,637,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">enascus</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3176509FFC2FFFD6F85492074B3F9F0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F85492070CAFDDD" blockId="28.[151,485,582,609]" box="[151,485,582,609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6F85492070CAFDDD" bold="true" box="[151,485,582,609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Key to Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6E61492170CAFDDD" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[371,485,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6E61492170CAFDDD" bold="true" box="[371,485,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zenascus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F8549ED74B3FD02" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1. Elytra with uniseriate vestiture, without additional setae between pairs of single seta arising anterior of each puncture; integument black.......................................................................................... 2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F8549A074B3FD44" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">- Elytra with biseriate vestiture, with additional setae between pairs of primary setae arising anterior to each puncture; integument dark brown or testaceous........................................................................... 4</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F85486774B3FC88" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
2. Antennomeres 8–11 brunneous or piceus; males with antennomeres 7–9 modified (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6CED4866757AFCAB" box="[1023,1109,768,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
|
||
); North Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6BF94866758EFC8F" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 12A.....................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6B834878758EFC8F" authority="(Broun, 1893)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1169,1185,798,819]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6B834878758EFC8F" box="[1169,1185,798,819]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. antennalis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6A09487874BAFC88" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,798,820]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F85485A74B3FCEC" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" box="[151,1436,827,849]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Antennomeres 8–11 testaceous; males with antennomeres 7–9 unmodified (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6CAA485D7577FCED" box="[952,1112,827,849]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14D & 14E</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................... 3
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F85483F74B3FC15" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
3. Metatibiae gradually expanded from base to apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DC0483E7257FCD3" box="[722,888,856,879]" captionStart="FIGURES 17" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1115,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-78@40.[151,1436,1115,1945]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 17A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, Zenascus species, metatibia (A) Z. nitidus, male; (B) Z. nitidus, female; (C) Z. elenae, sp. n., male; (D) Z. elenae, sp. n., female. Scale bars = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297855/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 17A & 17B</figureCitation>
|
||
); scape testaceous (occasionally with base brunneous or piceous); males without medial impression on apical abdominal sternite; North Island and Three Kings Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6A19481075EBFC15" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 11D.....................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6BA648F275EBFC15" authority="(Broun, 1893)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1204,1220,916,937]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6BA648F275EBFC15" box="[1204,1220,916,937]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. nitidus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6A0948F574BAFC15" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,915,937]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F8548D774B3FC5F" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Metatibiae abruptly expanded from midlength to apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DE548D672B3FC7B" box="[759,924,944,967]" captionStart="FIGURES 17" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1115,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-78@40.[151,1436,1115,1945]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 17A–D. Scanning electron microscope images, Zenascus species, metatibia (A) Z. nitidus, male; (B) Z. nitidus, female; (C) Z. elenae, sp. n., male; (D) Z. elenae, sp. n., female. Scale bars = 30μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297855/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 17C & 17D</figureCitation>
|
||
); scape brunneous or piceous; males with medial impression on apical abdominal sternite; North Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DCB48A8743DFC5F" box="[729,1298,974,996]" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 11E.......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6A1048A8743DFC5F" authority="Grzymala & Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[1282,1298,974,995]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elenae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A1048A8743DFC5F" box="[1282,1298,974,995]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. elenae,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A7448A874B3FC5F" bold="true" box="[1382,1436,974,995]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFC2FFFD6A7448A874B3FC5F" box="[1382,1436,974,995]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F85488D74B3FBBC" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" box="[151,1436,1003,1025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
4. Elytra distinctly bicolored (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6EFB488D7376FBBD" box="[489,601,1003,1025]" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 11A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
).................................................................. 10
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854F6F74B3FBA2" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" box="[151,1436,1032,1054]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">- Elytra generally unicolorus or infuscate, but lacking distinct maculae............................................ 5</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854F4074B3FBE5" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
5. Antennal club of male present and highly modified (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DCF4F407209FB80" box="[733,806,1062,1084]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14</figureCitation>
|
||
G–J); antennomeres 9 and 10 of female weakly to strongly transverse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6E334F257046FBE5" box="[289,361,1091,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14</figureCitation>
|
||
G–J).................................................................................... 6
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854F0774B3FB28" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Antenna of male not highly modified and filiform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DCA4F067204FBCB" box="[728,811,1120,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
); antennomeres 9 and 10 not weakly to strongly transverse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6A694F067022FB28" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
); North Island and South Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6D594F187581FB2F" box="[587,1198,1150,1172]" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 11B..........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6B8C4F187581FB2F" authority="(Broun, 1893)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1182,1198,1150,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6B8C4F187581FB2F" box="[1182,1198,1150,1171]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. obscurus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6A094F1874BAFB28" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,1150,1172]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854FFD74B3FB0D" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" box="[151,1436,1179,1201]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
6. Pronotal punctation coarse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6EFD4FFD7372FB0D" box="[495,605,1179,1201]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 12B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................................... 7
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854FDF74B3FB72" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" box="[151,1436,1208,1231]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Pronotal punctation absent to fine, and not coarse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DDB4FDE7217FB73" box="[713,824,1208,1231]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 12D,E</figureCitation>
|
||
)................................................ 8
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854FB074B3FA9A" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
7. Male with antennomeres 7 and 8 modified with lateral extensions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6C7E4FB072E6FB57" box="[876,969,1238,1260]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6CC64FB0752FFB50" box="[980,1024,1238,1260]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-366@38.[152,1436,1095,1615]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 15A–C. Scanning electron microscope images of Zenascus species with close-ups of male antennomeres 7–9. (A) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (B) Z. luniger; (C) Z. incensum, sp. n.. Scale bars = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">15A</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotum often with weak basal impressions with raised areas glabrous; color usually pale, golden to testaceous, rarely darker; North Island and northern region of the South Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6E754E767420FA9A" box="[359,1295,1296,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 12C.....................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6BED4E777420FA9A" authority="Grzymala & Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[1279,1295,1297,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roberti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6BED4E777420FA9A" box="[1279,1295,1297,1318]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. roberti,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A744E7774B3FA9A" bold="true" box="[1382,1436,1297,1318]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFC2FFFD6A744E7774B3FA9A" box="[1382,1436,1297,1318]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854E4874B3FADD" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Male with antennomeres 7 and 8 less modified, lacking lateral extensions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6CAC4E487535FAFF" box="[958,1050,1326,1348]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6B374E48757DFAF8" box="[1061,1106,1326,1348]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">14G</figureCitation>
|
||
); pronotum often with deeply impressed basal fovea with raised areas punctate; color dark and brunneous; North Island.......
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6B9F4E2A74B3FADD" authority="(Broun, 1910)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[1165,1436,1355,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenarthrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6B9F4E2A7421FADC" box="[1165,1294,1355,1377]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z. xenarthrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6A094E2D74BAFADD" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,1355,1377]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref39271" refString="Broun, T. (1910) Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. [Part I]. Bulletin of the New Zealand Institute, 1, 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1910">Broun, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854E0F74B3FA20" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
8. Occiput of head in male without a distinct ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6DDB4E0E720BFAC3" box="[713,804,1384,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
); male antennomere 7 narrowed in cross-section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6A1F4E0E744DFAC2" box="[1293,1378,1384,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6A744E0E74BFFAC2" box="[1382,1424,1384,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-366@38.[152,1436,1095,1615]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 15A–C. Scanning electron microscope images of Zenascus species with close-ups of male antennomeres 7–9. (A) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (B) Z. luniger; (C) Z. incensum, sp. n.. Scale bars = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
); North Island;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6E754EE075B7FA27" box="[359,1176,1414,1436]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 12D...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6B9A4EE075B7FA27" authority="(Champion, 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Champion" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1160,1176,1414,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luniger">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6B9A4EE075B7FA27" box="[1160,1176,1414,1435]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. luniger (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6BE14EE074BAFA20" author="Champion, G. C." box="[1267,1429,1414,1436]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref39507" refString="Champion, G. C. (1916) I. On new or little known Xylophilidae. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 64 (1), 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1916. tb 03119. x" type="journal article" year="1916">Champion, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854EC274B3FA6A" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Occiput of head in male with a distinct ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6D884EC573DEFA05" box="[666,753,1443,1465]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
); male antennomere 7 broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6B1C4EC5754DFA04" box="[1038,1122,1443,1465]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[268,1319,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 14A–J. Antennal illustrations for Zenascus species, male on left, female on right.(A) Z. coloratus; (B) Z. obscurus; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n.; (D) Z. nitidus; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n.; (F) Z. antennalis; (G) Z. xenarthrus; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (I) Z. luniger; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297849/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 14J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6B7E4EC575B8FA05" box="[1132,1175,1443,1465]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1639,1663]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,1095,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-366@38.[152,1436,1095,1615]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 15A–C. Scanning electron microscope images of Zenascus species with close-ups of male antennomeres 7–9. (A) Z. roberti, sp. n.; (B) Z. luniger; (C) Z. incensum, sp. n.. Scale bars = 20μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297851/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">15C</figureCitation>
|
||
); Three Kings Islands;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6A644EC575D9FA6A" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,787,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-291@31.[151,1436,777,1889]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 12A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus antennalis (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus xenarthrus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus roberti sp. n., male; (D) Zenascus luniger (Champion), male; (E) Zenascus incensum sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297842/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 12E..................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6BF44EA775D9FA6A" authority="Grzymala & Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[1254,1270,1473,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incensum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6BF44EA775D9FA6A" box="[1254,1270,1473,1494]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. incensum,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A744EA774B3FA6A" bold="true" box="[1382,1436,1473,1494]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFC2FFFD6A744EA774B3FA6A" box="[1382,1436,1473,1494]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854EB874B3F9AC" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
10. Elytral integument overall testaceous with medial brown patches; males without impression at metafemoral apex; Three Kings Islands,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6E204E9D743DF9AD" box="[306,1298,1531,1553]" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 11C.........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6A104E9A743DF9AD" authority="Grzymala & Leschen, 2020" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" box="[1282,1298,1532,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A104E9A743DF9AD" box="[1282,1298,1532,1553]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. aurum,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6A744E9D74B3F9AC" bold="true" box="[1382,1436,1531,1552]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57EBFFC2FFFD6A744E9D74B3F9AC" box="[1382,1436,1531,1552]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB23682FFC2FFFD6F854D7F74B3F9F0" blockId="28.[151,1437,651,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
- Elytral integument overall brunneous with only humeral angles testaceous; males with impression present on ventral surface of metafemoral apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6E8E4D5070D9F9F0" box="[412,502,1590,1612]" captionStart="FIGURES 20" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1411,1435]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1384]" captionTargetId="figure-17@45.[151,1436,181,1387]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 20A–J. Scanning electron microscope images, ventral view of metafemora for Zenascus species. (A) Z. coloratus, male; (B) Z. obscurus, male; (C) Z. aurum, sp. n., male; (D) Z. nitidus, female; (E) Z. elenae, sp. n., male; (F) Z. antennalis, female; (G) Z. xenarthrus, male; (H) Z. roberti, sp. n., male; (I) Z. luniger, male; (J) Z. incensum, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 60μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297861/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
); North Island and South Island,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A07FFC2FFFD6C204D507585F9F7" box="[818,1194,1590,1612]" captionStart="FIGURES 11" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1465,1489]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,495,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-178@30.[151,1436,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11A–E. Dorsal habitus images. (A) Zenascus coloratus (Broun), male; (B) Zenascus obscurus (Broun), male; (C) Zenascus aurum, sp. n., female; (D) Zenascus nitidus (Broun), male; (E) Zenascus elenae, sp. n., male. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297840/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Fig. 11A.......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D01FFC2FFFD6B884D507585F9F7" authority="(Broun, 1893)" authorityName="Grzymala & Leschen" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[1178,1194,1590,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Aderidae" genus="Zenascus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coloratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EA90FFC2FFFD6B884D507585F9F7" box="[1178,1194,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Z</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. coloratus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B73FFC2FFFD6A094D5074BAF9F0" author="Broun, T." box="[1307,1429,1590,1612]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="975 - 1504" refId="ref39241" refString="Broun, T. (1893) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts V-VII. Government Printer, Wellington, pp. XVII + 975 - 1504." type="book chapter" year="1893">Broun, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |